Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
tablas y grficos
Rev A Pgina 1
INTRODUCCIN A LA INGENIERA
QUMICA
76.46
COMPENDIO DE TABLAS Y GRFICOS
Integrantes:
Compendio de
tablas y grficos
Rev A Pgina 2
NDICE
Seccin 1: Unidades
Unidades frecuentes
3
3
6
6
7
8
Seccin 3: Termoqumica
Tabla de capacidades calorficas medias entre T y 25C (cal/mol K)
Tabla de capacidades calorficas medias entre T y 25C (J/mol K)
Calor de formacin
Diagrama HX del sistema Ac. Sulfrico-Agua (Merkel)
Diagrama HX del sistema Etanol-Agua
9
9
11
13
17
18
Seccin 4: Humedad
Diagrama psicromtrico para bajas temperaturas
Diagrama psicromtrico para altas temperaturas
Diagrama de Mollier
19
19
20
21
22
Seccin 6: Bibliografa
24
Compendio de
tablas y grficos
Rev A Pgina 3
SECCIN 1 - UNIDADES
Unidades frecuentes
Longitud
Para convertir
Milla (mi)
Yarda (yd)
Pie (ft)
Pulgada (in)
a
km
m
m
m
Multiplicar por
1.61
9.14E-01
3.05E-01
2.54E-02
Superficie
Para convertir
Milla cuadrada (mi2)
Pulgada cuadrada (in2)
Pie cuadrado (ft2)
Yarda cuadrada (yd2)
a
km2
mm2
m2
m2
Multiplicar por
2.59
6.45E+02
9.29E-02
8.36E-01
Volumen
Para convertir
Yarda cbica (yd3)
Pie cbico (ft3)
Pulgada cbica (in3)
m3
Barril (bbl)
U.S. gal
a
3
m
m3
cm3
Litro (l)
Galn (U.S. gal)
l
Multiplicar por
7.65E-01
2.83E-02
1.64E+01
1000
42
3.79
Compendio de
tablas y grficos
Rev A Pgina 4
Masa
Para convertir
Kilogramo (kg)
a
Gramo (g)
Tonelada (ton)
Libra (lb)
Onza (oz)
Multiplicar por
1000
1E-03
2.20
35.27
Velocidad
Para convertir
m/s
a
m/min
km/h
ft/s
MPH (mi/h)
Multiplicar por
60
3.60
3.28
2.24
a
mmHg (0oC)
psi
Pa
MPa
MPa
kPa
Multiplicar por
760.00
14.70
101325.00
1.0E-01
1.33E-04
4.79E-02
Presin
Para convertir
atm
bar
mmHg(0oC)
lbf/ft2
Compendio de
tablas y grficos
Rev A Pgina 5
Energa
Para convertir
BTU
kcal
erg
Multiplicar por
1.06
2.93E-04
4.18
1.0E-07
kJ
kWh
kJ
J
Potencia
Para convertir
BTU/s
HP
CV
kcal/h
a
kW
kW
kW
W
Temperatura
T [K] = T [oC] + 273.15
T [R] = T [oF] + 459.7
T [oF] = 9/5 T [oC] + 32
T [oC] = 5/9 (T [oF] 32)
T [R] = 1.8 T [K]
Multiplicar por
1.06
7.46E-01
7.36E-01
1.16
Compendio de
tablas y grficos
Rev A Pgina 6
Compendio de
tablas y grficos
Rev A Pgina 7
Compendio de
tablas y grficos
Rev A Pgina 8
Presin de vapor
Compendio de
tablas y grficos
Rev A Pgina 9
SECCIN 3 - TERMOQUMICA
Capacidad calorfica media entre T y 25C (cal/mol K)
T [C]
Metano
Etano
Propano
n-Butano
i-Butano
C2H4
C2H6
C2H2
C2H6O
25
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
1800
1900
2000
8,380
8,950
9,689
10,398
11,079
11,732
12,355
12,950
13,516
14,054
14,563
15,043
15,495
15,918
16,312
16,678
17,015
17,323
17,602
17,853
18,076
12,656
13,816
15,304
16,720
18,061
19,329
20,523
21,643
22,690
23,663
24,562
25,388
26,140
26,819
27,423
27,954
28,412
28,795
29,105
29,342
29,505
17,887
19,619
21,811
23,885
25,843
27,683
29,407
31,014
32,504
33,877
35,133
36,273
37,295
38,201
38,989
39,661
40,216
40,653
40,974
41,179
41,266
23,703
25,895
28,699
31,352
33,854
36,204
38,404
40,452
42,350
44,096
45,692
47,136
48,429
49,572
50,563
51,403
52,092
52,630
53,017
53,253
53,338
23,649
25,886
28,742
31,439
33,979
36,360
38,583
40,647
42,554
44,302
45,892
47,324
48,597
49,712
50,669
51,468
52,108
52,590
52,914
53,080
53,087
10,582
11,440
12,537
13,576
14,557
15,480
16,345
17,151
17,899
18,589
19,221
19,795
20,310
20,768
21,167
21,508
21,791
22,015
22,182
22,290
22,340
15,484
16,838
18,570
20,210
21,759
23,216
24,582
25,856
27,038
28,129
29,128
30,036
30,852
31,576
32,209
32,750
33,199
33,557
33,824
33,998
34,081
10,403
11,164
11,849
12,363
12,781
13,142
13,464
13,760
14,037
14,300
14,552
14,795
15,032
15,263
15,490
15,713
15,933
16,151
16,366
16,579
16,791
17,781
18,977
20,510
21,963
23,336
24,630
25,844
26,979
28,035
29,011
29,907
30,724
31,461
32,119
32,697
33,196
33,615
33,955
34,215
34,396
34,497
T [C]
Br2
CO
CO2
Cl2
H2
H2S
HCl
25
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
8,618
8,690
8,754
8,798
8,830
8,855
8,876
8,894
8,909
8,923
8,935
8,947
6,969
7,025
7,092
7,155
7,215
7,275
7,333
7,391
7,448
7,505
7,562
7,618
8,877
9,472
10,013
10,402
10,706
10,958
11,176
11,371
11,548
11,714
11,869
12,017
8,112
8,271
8,410
8,504
8,572
8,625
8,668
8,704
8,734
8,762
8,786
8,808
6,892
6,886
6,897
6,918
6,946
6,977
7,011
7,046
7,083
7,120
7,159
7,197
8,175
8,390
8,626
8,831
9,019
9,197
9,368
9,534
9,697
9,857
10,016
10,173
6,979
6,957
6,962
6,986
7,022
7,065
7,112
7,162
7,214
7,268
7,323
7,379
Compendio de
tablas y grficos
Rev A Pgina 10
T [C]
Br2
CO
CO2
Cl2
H2
H2S
HCl
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
1800
1900
2000
8,957
8,967
8,977
8,986
8,994
9,003
9,011
9,019
9,026
7,675
7,731
7,787
7,843
7,899
7,955
8,011
8,067
8,122
12,159
12,296
12,429
12,559
12,686
12,811
12,934
13,055
13,174
8,828
8,847
8,864
8,881
8,897
8,912
8,926
8,940
8,953
7,236
7,276
7,316
7,356
7,396
7,437
7,477
7,518
7,559
10,328
10,483
10,637
10,790
10,943
11,095
11,247
11,399
11,550
7,436
7,494
7,552
7,610
7,669
7,728
7,788
7,847
7,907
T [C]
N2
NO
NO2
O2
SO2
SO3
H2O
25
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
1800
1900
2000
6,959
6,985
7,029
7,078
7,130
7,183
7,238
7,294
7,351
7,407
7,464
7,522
7,579
7,637
7,695
7,753
7,811
7,870
7,928
7,986
8,044
7,134
7,175
7,232
7,291
7,351
7,412
7,473
7,534
7,596
7,658
7,720
7,782
7,844
7,906
7,968
8,030
8,092
8,155
8,217
8,279
8,341
8,837
9,281
9,699
10,013
10,268
10,488
10,685
10,866
11,036
11,196
11,351
11,499
11,644
11,786
11,925
12,061
12,196
12,329
12,460
12,591
12,720
7,025
7,163
7,299
7,405
7,495
7,574
7,647
7,715
7,780
7,842
7,902
7,961
8,019
8,076
8,132
8,187
8,242
8,296
8,350
8,404
8,457
9,530
10,044
10,508
10,837
11,092
11,302
11,482
11,641
11,785
11,919
12,043
12,162
12,275
12,384
12,489
12,591
12,691
12,789
12,885
12,980
13,073
12,110
13,095
13,966
14,570
15,026
15,391
15,696
15,960
16,195
16,407
16,603
16,785
16,957
17,120
17,276
17,427
17,572
17,714
17,852
17,987
18,119
8,024
8,079
8,177
8,291
8,414
8,543
8,675
8,810
8,946
9,084
9,222
9,362
9,502
9,642
9,783
9,925
10,066
10,208
10,350
10,493
10,635
Compendio de
tablas y grficos
Rev A Pgina 11
Metano
Etano
Propano
n-Butano
i-Butano
C2H4
C2H6
C2H2
C2H6O
25
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
1800
1900
2000
35,062
37,448
40,537
43,507
46,356
49,085
51,694
54,183
56,553
58,802
60,932
62,941
64,831
66,600
68,250
69,779
71,189
72,479
73,649
74,699
75,629
52,954
57,805
64,034
69,955
75,567
80,872
85,868
90,555
94,935
99,006
102,769
106,224
109,371
112,209
114,739
116,961
118,875
120,480
121,778
122,767
123,447
74,837
82,087
91,256
99,936
108,126
115,828
123,040
129,763
135,997
141,742
146,998
151,765
156,043
159,831
163,131
165,941
168,262
170,095
171,438
172,292
172,656
99,173
108,346
120,077
131,176
141,643
151,479
160,682
169,253
177,192
184,499
191,174
197,218
202,629
207,408
211,555
215,070
217,953
220,204
221,823
222,811
223,166
98,949
108,307
120,256
131,543
142,168
152,130
161,431
170,069
178,046
185,360
192,012
198,002
203,330
207,996
212,000
215,341
218,021
220,038
221,394
222,087
222,118
44,274
47,864
52,455
56,803
60,907
64,768
68,386
71,760
74,891
77,778
80,422
82,822
84,979
86,892
88,562
89,989
91,172
92,112
92,808
93,261
93,470
64,785
70,450
77,696
84,560
91,040
97,137
102,851
108,181
113,128
117,692
121,873
125,670
129,084
132,115
134,762
137,026
138,907
140,404
141,518
142,249
142,597
43,526
46,712
49,578
51,726
53,478
54,986
56,334
57,573
58,731
59,831
60,885
61,904
62,894
63,862
64,811
65,745
66,666
67,575
68,475
69,367
70,252
74,397
79,401
85,813
91,892
97,639
103,053
108,134
112,882
117,298
121,381
125,131
128,549
131,634
134,386
136,805
138,892
140,647
142,068
143,157
143,913
144,337
T [C]
Br2
CO
CO2
Cl2
H2
H2S
HCl
25
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
36,059
36,361
36,627
36,809
36,944
37,050
37,137
37,211
37,275
37,332
37,385
37,432
37,477
37,519
37,558
37,596
29,158
29,391
29,672
29,935
30,189
30,437
30,682
30,923
31,163
31,402
31,639
31,875
32,111
32,347
32,581
32,816
37,140
39,632
41,896
43,522
44,793
45,848
46,761
47,575
48,319
49,010
49,660
50,279
50,874
51,447
52,004
52,548
33,939
34,607
35,188
35,580
35,865
36,087
36,266
36,416
36,545
36,658
36,760
36,852
36,936
37,014
37,088
37,157
28,834
28,811
28,855
28,945
29,061
29,192
29,333
29,481
29,634
29,791
29,951
30,113
30,277
30,443
30,609
30,777
34,205
35,105
36,091
36,949
37,736
38,480
39,196
39,891
40,573
41,243
41,906
42,563
43,214
43,861
44,506
45,147
29,200
29,107
29,128
29,231
29,381
29,559
29,755
29,965
30,183
30,409
30,640
30,875
31,113
31,354
31,597
31,841
Compendio de
tablas y grficos
Rev A Pgina 12
T [C]
Br2
CO
CO2
Cl2
H2
H2S
HCl
1600
1700
1800
1900
2000
37,632
37,667
37,701
37,734
37,766
33,050
33,284
33,518
33,751
33,984
53,079
53,601
54,114
54,620
55,120
37,223
37,286
37,347
37,405
37,461
30,946
31,115
31,285
31,455
31,626
45,786
46,423
47,058
47,692
48,324
32,088
32,335
32,584
32,834
33,084
T [C]
N2
NO
NO2
O2
SO2
SO3
H2O
25
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
1800
1900
2000
29,117
29,224
29,408
29,613
29,831
30,056
30,286
30,519
30,755
30,992
31,232
31,472
31,713
31,954
32,197
32,439
32,683
32,926
33,170
33,414
33,658
29,848
30,020
30,259
30,506
30,758
31,012
31,267
31,524
31,782
32,040
32,299
32,559
32,818
33,078
33,338
33,598
33,858
34,119
34,379
34,640
34,901
36,974
38,831
40,581
41,893
42,962
43,884
44,708
45,465
46,174
46,846
47,491
48,114
48,720
49,312
49,893
50,464
51,027
51,584
52,135
52,681
53,222
29,391
29,969
30,539
30,983
31,357
31,689
31,994
32,279
32,550
32,810
33,063
33,310
33,551
33,789
34,023
34,255
34,485
34,712
34,938
35,162
35,385
39,876
42,026
43,964
45,342
46,409
47,286
48,039
48,705
49,309
49,867
50,390
50,885
51,358
51,813
52,254
52,682
53,101
53,510
53,913
54,308
54,699
50,668
54,790
58,436
60,963
62,869
64,395
65,673
66,778
67,759
68,648
69,465
70,228
70,947
71,630
72,284
72,914
73,523
74,115
74,693
75,257
75,811
33,573
33,801
34,212
34,690
35,205
35,743
36,296
36,859
37,430
38,006
38,586
39,169
39,755
40,344
40,934
41,525
42,118
42,711
43,306
43,901
44,497
Compendio de
tablas y grficos
Rev A Pgina 13
Hfo [kJ/gmol]
Hco [kJ/gmol]
l
g
g
-486,2
-871,69
-919,73
-1192
ac. 200
-410,03
g
g
-216,69
226,75
-1821,38
-1299
-67,2
-46,191
-382,58
53,5
l
g
c
ac
c
NH4OH
35,05
ac
-366,5
Nitrato de amonio
NH4NO3
80,05
Sulfato de Amonio
(NH4)2SO4
132,15
Benzaldehdo
C6H5CHO
106,12
Benceno
C6H6
78,11
xido de boro
B2O3
69,64
Bromo
Br2
159,832
n-Butano
C4H10
58,12
c
ac
c
ac
l
g
l
g
c
l
l
g
l
-366,1
-339,4
-1179,3
-1173,1
-88,83
-40,0
48,66
82,927
-1263
-1245,2
0
30,7
-147,6
Isobutano
C4H10
58,12
g
l
-124,73
-158,5
-2878,52
-2849
Isobuteno
C4H8
56,104
g
g
-134,5
1,172
-2868,8
-2718,58
Arsenato de calcio
Ca3(AsO4)2
398,06
-3330,5
Carburo de calcio
CaC2
64,10
-62,7
Carbonato de calcio
CaCO3
100,09
-1206,9
Cloruro de calcio
CaCl2
110,99
-794,9
Compuesto
Frmula
Peso molecular
cido actico
CH3COOH
60,05
Acetaldehdo
CH3CHO
40,052
Acetona
C3H6O
58,08
Acetileno
C2H2
26,04
Amonaco
NH3
17.032
Carbonato de amonio
(NH4)2CO3
96,09
Cloruro de amonio
NH4Cl
Hidrxido de amonio
-166,4
-941,86
-315,4
-3267,6
-3301,5
-2855,6
Compendio de
tablas y grficos
Rev A Pgina 14
Cianamida de calcio
CaCN2
80,11
-352
Hidrxido de calcio
xido de calcio
Fosfato de calcio
Ca(OH)2
CaO
Ca3(PO4)2
74,10
56,08
310,19
c
c
c
-986,56
-635,6
-4137,6
Silicato de calcio
CaSiO3
115,17
-1584
Sulfato de calcio
CaSO4
136,15
-1432,7
CaSO42H2O
C
172,15
12.01
Dixido de carbono
CO2
44,01
ac
c (grafito)
g
-1450,5
0
-393,51
Disulfuro de carbono
CS2
76,14
Monxido de carbono
CO
28.01
Tetracloruro de
carbono
CCl4
153,838
Cloroetano
C2H5Cl
64,52
Cumeno
C6H5CH(CH3)2
120,19
Sulfato cprico
CuSO4
159,61
Ciclohexano
C6H12
84,16
l
l
g
g
l
g
g
l
g
c
ac
c
g
-412,92
87,86
115,3
-110,52
-139,5
-106,69
-105
-41,20
3,93
-769,86
-843,12
-751,4
-123,1
Ciclopentano
C5H10
70,13
Etano
C2H6
30,07
l
g
g
-105,8
-77,23
-84,667
-3290,9
-3313,5
-1559,9
Acetato de etilo
CH3CO2C2H5
88,1
-442,92
-2274,48
Alcohol etlico
C2H5OH
46,068
Etilbenceno
C6H5C2H5
106,16
l
g
l
-277,63
-235,31
-12,46
-1366,91
-1409,25
-4564,87
C2H5Cl
64,52
29,79
-105
-4607,13
Cloruro de etilo
g
g
Etileno
C2H4
28,052
52,283
-1410,99
Cloruro de etileno
C2H3Cl
62,5
31,38
-1271,5
3-etilhexano
C8H18
114,22
-250,5
-5470,12
FeCl3
162,2
-210,9
-403,34
-5509,78
Cloruro frrico
g
c
xido frrico
Fe2O3
159,7
-822,156
xido ferrosofrrico
Fe3O4
231,55
-1116,7
Cloruro ferroso
FeCl2
126,75
-342,67
-393,5
-1075,2
-1102,6
-282,99
-352,2
-384,9
-1421,1
-5215,44
-5260,59
-3953
-303,76
Compendio de
tablas y grficos
Rev A Pgina 15
xido ferroso
Sulfuro ferroso
Formaldehdo
FeO
FeS
H2CO
71,85
87,92
30,026
n-Heptano
C7H16
100,2
n-Hexano
C6H14
86,17
Hidrgeno
Bromuro de hidrgeno
Cloruro de hidrgeno
Cianuro de hidrgeno
Sulfuro de hidrgeno
H2
HBr
HCl
HCN
H2S
Sulfuro de hierro
xido de plomo
Cloruro de magnesio
c
c
g
-267
-95,06
-115,89
2,016
80,924
36,465
27,026
34,082
l
g
l
g
g
g
g
g
g
-224,4
-187,8
-198,8
-167,2
0
-36,23
-92,311
130,54
-20,15
FeS2
PbO
MgCl2
119,98
223,21
95,23
c
c
c
-177,9
-219,2
-641,83
Hidrxido de magnesio
xido de magnesio
Metano
Mg(OH)2
MgO
CH4
58,34
40,32
16,041
c
c
g
-924,66
-601,83
-74,84
-890,4
Alcohol metlico
CH3OH
32,042
Cloruro de metilo
CH3Cl
50,49
l
g
g
-238,64
-201,25
-81,923
-726,55
-763,96
-766,63
Metilciclohexano
C7H14
98,182
Metilciclopentano
C6H12
84,156
HNO3
63,02
-190,2
-154,8
-138,4
-106,7
-173,23
-206,57
-4565,29
-4600,68
-3937,7
-3969,4
cido ntrico
l
g
l
g
l
ac
-563,46
-4816,91
-4853,48
-4163,1
-4194,753
-285,84
-562,589
Monxido de
nitrgeno
Dixido de nitrgeno
NO
30,01
90,374
NO2
46,01
33,85
xido nitroso
N2O
44,02
81,55
n-Pentano
C5H12
72,15
-173,1
-3509,5
H3PO4
98
-146,4
-1281
-3536,15
cido fosfrico
g
c
Fsforo
P4
123
ac
c
-1278
0
Pentxido de fsforo
P2O5
141,95
-1506
Propano
C3H8
44,09
-119,84
-2204
Propeno
C3H6
42,078
g
g
-103,85
20,41
-2220
-2058,47
Compendio de
tablas y grficos
Rev A Pgina 16
Alcohol n-proplico
C3H8O
60,09
n-Propilbenceno
C9H18
120,19
Dixido de silicio
SiO2
Bisulfato de sodio
-255
-2068,6
-38,4
7,824
-851
-5218,2
-5264,5
60,09
l
g
c
NaHSO4
120,07
-1126
Carbonato de sodio
Cloruro de sodio
Nitrato de sodio
Na2CO3
NaCl
NaNO3
105,99
58,45
85
c
c
c
-1130
-411
-466,68
Nitrito de sodio
NaNO2
69
-359
Sulfato de sodio
Na2SO4
142,05
-1384,5
Sulfuro de sodio
Na2S
78,05
-373
Sulfito de sodio
Na2SO3
126,05
-1090
Tiosulfato de sodio
Na2S2O3
158,11
Azufre
32,07
Cloruro de azufre
S2Cl2
135,05
c
c (rmbico)
c (monoclnico)
l
-1117
0
0,297
-60,3
Dixido de azufre
SO2
64,066
-296,9
Trixido de azufre
SO3
80,066
-395,18
cido sulfrico
H2SO4
98,08
-811,32
Tolueno
C6H5CH3
92,13
Agua
H2O
18,016
m-Xileno
C6H4(CH3)2
106,16
o-Xileno
C6H4(CH3)2
106,16
p-Xileno
C6H4(CH3)2
106,16
ac
l
g
l
g
l
g
l
g
l
-907,51
11,99
50
-285,84
-241,826
-25,42
17,24
-24,44
19
-24,43
Sulfato de zinc
ZnSO4
161,45
g
c
ac
17,95
-978,55
-1059,93
-3909,9
-3947,9
-4551,86
-4594,53
-4552,86
-4596,29
-4552,86
-4595,25
Compendio de
tablas y grficos
Rev A Pgina 17
- 4
20
40
Porcentaje de
60
80
100
Compendio de
tablas y grficos
Rev A Pgina 18
0.20
0.30
0.40
de masa del
0.50
0.60
en mezclas
0.70
0.80
0.90
1.00
Compendio de
tablas y grficos
Rev A Pgina 19
SECCIN 4 - HUMEDAD
Compendio de
tablas y grficos
Rev A Pgina 20
Compendio de
tablas y grficos
Rev A Pgina 21
Compendio de
tablas y grficos
Rev A Pgina 22
Balance de energa
Relaciones importante
Ciclos Frigorficas
Un solo extractor
Compendio de
tablas y grficos
Rev A Pgina 23
Dos extractores
Humedad
Compendio de
tablas y grficos
Rev A Pgina 24
Compendio de
tablas y grficos
Rev A Pgina 25
SECCIN 6 - BIBLIOGRAFA
1. Termodinmica - Wark, Kenneth
2. Ingeniera termodinmica. Fundamentos y aplicaciones - Huang, Francis
3. Introduccin a la termodinmica en la ingeniera qumica - J. M. Smith, H.C. Van Ness y M.M. Abbott
4. Principios de los procesos qumicos - O. A. Hougen, K. M. Watson y R. A. Ragatz
5. Problemas de termodinmica - J. Diez Garca
6. Problemas de termodinmica - T. Andrianova y otros
7. Principios y clculos bsicos en ingeniera qumica. David M. Himmenbleau
8. Manual del ingeniero qumico - J. H. Perry y C. H. Chilton