PROBLEM 3.

76
Knowing that P = 210 N, replace the three couples with a single
equivalent couple, specifying its magnitude and the direction of its axis.

SOLUTION
M = M1 + M 2 + M P

Have

M1 = rC/B P1C

where

M 2 = rD/ A P2 E

i
j
k
= 0.96 0.40 0 = ( 40 N m ) i + ( 96 N m ) j
0
0
100

i
j
k
= 0 0.20 0.55 = ( 22.0 N m ) i + ( 52.8 N m ) j + (19.2 N m ) k
96 0
110
(See Solution to Problem 3.73.)

M P = rE/ A

i
j
k
PE = 0.48 0.20 1.10 = ( 231 N m ) i + (100.8 N m ) k
0 210
0

M = ( 40 + 22 + 231) i + ( 96 + 52.8 ) j + (19.2 + 100.8 ) k N m

= ( 293 N m ) i + (148.8 N m ) j + (120 N m ) k

M =

M x2 + M y2 + M z2 =

( 293)2 + (148.8)2 + (120 )2

= 349.84 N m

or M = 350 N m
=

M
293i + 148.8 j + 120k
=
= 0.83752i + 0.42533j + 0.34301k
M
349.84

cos x = 0.83752

x = 33.121

or x = 33.1

cos y = 0.42533

y = 64.828

or y = 64.8

cos z = 0.34301

z = 69.940

or z = 69.9

PROBLEM 3.77
In a manufacturing operation, three holes are drilled simultaneously in a
workpiece. Knowing that the holes are perpendicular to the surfaces of
the workpiece, replace the couples applied to the drills with a single
equivalent couple, specifying its magnitude and the direction of its axis.

SOLUTION
M = M1 + M 2 + M 3

Have

M1 = (1.1 lb ft )( cos 25 j + sin 25k )

where

M 2 = (1.1 lb ft ) j
M 3 = (1.3 lb ft )( cos 20 j sin 20k )

M = ( 0.99694 1.1 1.22160 ) j + ( 0.46488 + 0.44463) k

= ( 3.3185 lb ft ) j ( 0.020254 lb ft ) k

and

M =

M x2 + M y2 + M z2 =

( 0 )2 + ( 3.3185)2 + ( 0.020254 )2

= 3.3186 lb ft

or M = 3.32 lb ft
=

( 0 ) i 3.3185j 0.020254k
M
=
3.3186
M
= 0.99997 j 0.0061032k

cos x = 0

x = 90

cos y = 0.99997

y = 179.555

cos z = 0.0061032

z = 90.349

or x = 90.0
or y = 179.6
or z = 90.3

PROBLEM 3.78
The tension in the cable attached to the end C of an adjustable boom ABC
is 1000 N. Replace the force exerted by the cable at C with an equivalent
force-couple system (a) at A, (b) at B.

SOLUTION
(a) Based on

F : FA = T = 1000 N

or FA = 1000 N

20

M A : M A = (T sin 50 )( dA )
= (1000 N ) sin 50 ( 2.25 m )
= 1723.60 N m
or M A = 1724 N m
(b) Based on

F : FB = T = 1000 N
or FB = 1000 N

20

MB : M B = (T sin 50 )( d B )
= (1000 N ) sin 50 (1.25 m )
= 957.56 N m
or M B = 958 N m

PROBLEM 3.79
The 20-lb horizontal force P acts on a bell crank as shown. (a) Replace P
with an equivalent force-couple system at B. (b) Find the two vertical
forces at C and D which are equivalent to the couple found in part a.

SOLUTION
(a) Based on

F : PB = P = 20 lb
or PB = 20 lb
M : MB = Pd B
= 20 lb ( 5 in.)
= 100 lb in.
or M B = 100 lb in.

(b) If the two vertical forces are to be equivalent to MB , they must be a

couple. Further, the sense of the moment of this couple must be
counterclockwise.
Then, with PC and PD acting as shown,
M : M D = PC d
100 lb in. = PC ( 4 in.)
PC = 25 lb
or PC = 25 lb
Fy : 0 = PD PC
PD = 25 lb
or PD = 25 lb

PROBLEM 3.80
A 700-N force P is applied at point A of a structural member. Replace P
with (a) an equivalent force-couple system at C, (b) an equivalent system
consisting of a vertical force at B and a second force at D.

SOLUTION
F : PC = P = 700 N

(a) Based on

or PC = 700 N

60

M C : M C = Px dCy + Py dCx
Px = ( 700 N ) cos60 = 350 N

where

Py = ( 700 N ) sin 60 = 606.22 N

dCx = 1.6 m
dCy = 1.1 m
M C = ( 350 N )(1.1 m ) + ( 606.22 N )(1.6 m )
= 385 N m + 969.95 N m
= 584.95 N m
or M C = 585 N m
Fx : PDx = P cos 60

(b) Based on

= ( 700 N ) cos 60
= 350 N
M D :

( P cos 60 )( d DA ) =

PB ( d DB )

( 700 N ) cos 60 ( 0.6 m ) = PB ( 2.4 m )

PB = 87.5 N
or PB = 87.5 N

PROBLEM 3.80 CONTINUED

Fy : P sin 60 = PB + PDy

( 700 N ) sin 60 = 87.5 N + PDy

PDy = 518.72 N
PD =
=

( PDx )2 + ( PDy )

( 350 )2 + ( 518.72 )2

= 625.76 N

PDy
1 518.72
= tan
= 55.991
350
PDx

= tan 1

or PD = 626 N

56.0

PROBLEM 3.81
A landscaper tries to plumb a tree by applying a 240-N force as shown.
Two helpers then attempt to plumb the same tree, with one pulling at B
and the other pushing with a parallel force at C. Determine these two
forces so that they are equivalent to the single 240-N force shown in the
figure.

SOLUTION
Based on
Fx : ( 240 N ) cos30 = FB cos FC cos
( FB + FC ) cos = ( 240 N ) cos 30

or

Fy :

( 240 N ) sin 30 =

( FB + FC ) sin

or

(1)

FB sin + FC sin

= ( 240 N ) sin 30

(2)

From

Equation (2)
: tan = tan 30
Equation (1)
= 30
Based on
M C : ( 240 N ) cos ( 30 20 ) ( 0.25 m ) = ( FB cos10 )( 0.60 m )

FB = 100 N
or FB = 100.0 N
From Equation (1),

30

(100 N + FC ) cos30 = 240cos30

FC = 140 N

or FC = 140.0 N

30

PROBLEM 3.82
A landscaper tries to plumb a tree by applying a 240-N force as shown.
(a) Replace that force with an equivalent force-couple system at C. (b)
Two helpers attempt to plumb the same tree, with one applying a
horizontal force at C and the other pulling at B. Determine these two
forces if they are to be equivalent to the single force of part a.

SOLUTION

Fx : ( 240 N ) cos30 = FC cos30

(a) Based on

FC = 240 N
or FC = 240 N
M C : ( 240 N ) cos10 ( d A ) = M C

30

d A = 0.25 m

M C = 59.088 N m
or M C = 59.1 N m
Fy :

(b) Based on

( 240 N ) sin 30 =

FB sin

FB sin = 120

or

(1)

M B : 59.088 N m ( 240 N ) cos10 ( dC ) = FC ( dC cos 20 )

59.088 N m ( 240 N ) cos10 ( 0.60 m ) = FC ( 0.60 m ) cos 20

0.56382 FC = 82.724
FC = 146.722 N

or FC = 146.7 N
and

Fx : ( 240 N ) cos30 = 146.722 N FB cos

FB cos = 61.124

(2)

From
Equation (1)
:
Equation (2)

tan =

= 63.007
From Equation (1),

FB =

120
= 1.96323
61.124
or = 63.0
120
= 134.670 N
sin 63.007
or FB = 134.7 N

63.0

PROBLEM 3.83
A dirigible is tethered by a cable attached to its cabin at B. If the tension
in the cable is 250 lb, replace the force exerted by the cable at B with an
equivalent system formed by two parallel forces applied at A and C.

SOLUTION
Require the equivalent forces acting at A and C be parallel and at an angle
of with the vertical.
Then for equivalence,
Fx :

( 250 lb ) sin 30 =

FA sin + FB sin

Fy : ( 250 lb ) cos 30 = FA cos FB cos

(1)
(2)

Dividing Equation (1) by Equation (2),

( 250 lb ) sin 30
( 250 lb ) cos 30

( FA + FB ) sin
( FA + FB ) cos

Simplifying yields = 30
Based on
M C : ( 250 lb ) cos 30 (12 ft ) = ( FA cos 30 )( 32 ft )

FA = 93.75 lb
or FA = 93.8 lb

60

Based on
M A : ( 250 lb ) cos 30 ( 20 ft ) = ( FC cos 30 ) ( 32 ft )

FC = 156.25 lb
or FC = 156.3 lb

60

PROBLEM 3.84
Three workers trying to move a 3 3 4-ft crate apply to the crate the
three horizontal forces shown. (a) If P = 60 lb, replace the three forces
with an equivalent force-couple system at A. (b) Replace the force-couple
system of part a with a single force, and determine where it should be
applied to side AB. (c) Determine the magnitude of P so that the three
forces can be replaced with a single equivalent force applied at B.

SOLUTION
(a) Based on
Fz : 50 lb + 50 lb + 60 lb = FA
FA = 60 lb
or FA = ( 60.0 lb ) k
Based on
M A :

( 50 lb )( 2 ft ) ( 50 lb )( 0.6 ft ) = M A
M A = 70 lb ft

(a)

or M A = ( 70.0 lb ft ) j
(b) Based on
Fz : 50 lb + 50 lb + 60 lb = F

F = 60 lb
or F = ( 60.0 lb ) k
Based on
M A : 70 lb ft = 60 lb (x )

(b)

x = 1.16667 ft
or x = 1.167 ft from A along AB
(c) Based on
MB : ( 50 lb ) (1 ft ) + ( 50 lb ) (2.4 ft ) P (3 ft ) = R (0 )

P=

70
= 23.333 lb
3
or P = 23.3 lb

(c)