10-7-2014

Ecotourism reduces poverty near protected parks, research shows -- ScienceDaily

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Ecotourism reduces poverty near protected parks, research shows

Date: February 24, 2014

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Source: Georgia State University

Summary: Protected natural areas in Costa Rica reduced poverty by 16 percent in
neighboring communities, mainly by encouraging ecotourism, according
to new research. The research concluded that increased tourism
accounts for two-thirds of the reduction in poverty caused by protected
areas. Changes in infrastructure and land use had little effect on the
poverty in surrounding communities.

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rotected natural areas in Costa Rica reduced poverty by 16 percent in

neighboring communities, mainly by encouraging ecotourism,
according to new research published today in the Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences.
Although earlier studies indicated that establishing protected areas in poor regions can
lead to reductions in poverty, there was no clear understanding why or how it happens.
"Our goal was to show exactly how environmental protection can reduce poverty in
poorer nations rather than exacerbate it, as many people fear," says co-author Paul
Ferraro, a professor of economics and environmental policy in the Andrew Young
School of Policy Studies at Georgia State University.
In their article, "Quantifying causal mechanisms to determine how protected areas
affect poverty through changes in ecosystem services and infrastructure," Ferraro and
Georgia State alumnus Merlin Hanauer, now on the Economics faculty at Sonoma
State University, examine three potential causes of poverty reduction linked to the
establishment of protected areas:
changes in tourism and recreational services,
changes in infrastructure including roads, health clinics and schools, and
changes in ecosystem services such as the pollination and hydrological services a
protected area may offer.
They find that increased tourism accounts for two-thirds of the reduction in poverty
caused by protected areas. Changes in infrastructure and land use had little effect on
the poverty in surrounding communities.
"Our results suggest that by using existing data sets such as poverty estimates from
census data, the impacts of conservation programs and policies on human populations
can be better defined," says Ferraro. "Our findings may result in improved conservation
programs and policies, and better impacts on the communities adjacent to these
sites, locally and around the globe."
Story Source:
The above story is based on materials provided by Georgia State University. Note:
Materials may be edited for content and length.
Journal Reference:
1. P. J. Ferraro, M. M. Hanauer. Quantifying causal mechanisms to determine
how protected areas affect poverty through changes in ecosystem services
and infrastructure. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2014; DOI:
10.1073/pnas.1307712111

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Georgia State University. "Ecotourism reduces poverty near protected parks,

research shows." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 24 February 2014.
<www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/02/140224171656.htm>.

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Ecotourism reduces poverty near protected parks, research shows -- ScienceDaily

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