Minitab: Objectives of

Page 1
LECTURE
MINITAB
INTRODUCTION TO MINITAB AND MODULE REPORT
Objectives of
Lecture
[A]
Introduce the theme of the Module Report.

Introduce Minitab.
Consider the data file FILMTRIAL.MTW.
Distinguish between the numerical and categorical variables.
Name the remaining columns.
Change the numerical codes of the categorical variables to text
codes.
Save the data file on the your USB stick.
Perform some statistical analysis for numerical variables.
Summarise information on one and two categorical variables;
Plot graphs such as histograms, boxplots, pie chart, and multiple bar
chart.
Copy and past results and graphs in Microsoft Word.
STRUCTURE OF THE MODULEREPORT.

The second assignment is a module report and will entail a statistical
analysis using the statistical package Minitab version 16.
The structure of the report is given below:

1.
2.
Cover.
List of Contents
3.
Introduction
4.
Methodology
5.
Statistical Analysis.
This should include descriptive statistics; cross-tabulations;
graphs (e.g. histogram, pie chart, multiple bar charts, scatter
MSO4730 LECTURE MINITAB

MINITAB PART 1 and MODULE REPORT 2013- 2014
Dr AndroullaMichaeloudis
Data file: FILMTRIAL.MTW
Page 2
diagram); correlation and regression analysis, and confidence

intervals.
6.
[B]
Conclusion and recommendation.
THEME OF THE MODULE REPORT.
The theme of the module report is also described in the modulehandout.

Film 2011 is a large corporation specialising in the entertainment industry.
Recently a proposal has been put forward to expand the business by building
its own chain of cinemas UK wide.
Prior to implementing such a proposal a research has been carried out to
assess the performance of three other cinema chains (that is, chains A, B,
and C) which have already been established throughout the UK. Chain A,
unlike the other two chains employs cinema passes which are valid for either
4 or 8 weeks (for promotional purposes).
To carry out this assessment the directors of the Film2011 corporation
collected information on a random sample of 60 cinemas throughout the UK
(England, Scotland and Wales). The directors claim that the average total
monthly sales of the cinemas is285,000.
Cinemas were randomly selected from England, Scotland and Wales. Each
cinema is run by one manager.Each cinema manager has completed a
questionnaire and the collected data information includes the columns
(variables) given below.
1.
Number of cinema.
2.
Cinema Chain.
1 = Chain A
3.
(C1)
(C2)
2 = Chain B
3 = Chain C
Regional Location of the cinema.

1 = England

2 = Scotland
(C3)
3 = Wales
Page 3
4.
Location of the cinema.

1 = In Town
5.
6.
2 = Out of Town
Size of the cinema.

1 = Small
2 = Medium
3 = Large
(C5)
(Less than 400 seats)

(400 - 1000 seats)
(more than 1000 seats)
Gender of the Manager.

1 = Male
(C4)
(C6)
2 = Female
7.
Monthly Rent (00s).
(C7)
8.
Distance of the cinema away from the High Street (miles). (C8)
9.
Monthly Advertising Expenditure ().
(C9)
10. Monthly weekend sales ().
(C10)
11. Monthly weekday sales ().
(C11)
Note that incomplete information led to missing values. These are

recorded as * . That is, * represents a missing value in Minitab.
The data is stored under the file name FILMTRIAL.MTW (in Minitab
format).
Since the data file has been stored in MINITAB then the data file name
carries the file extensionMTW, which stands for MiniTabWorksheet. That is,
the data file is FILMTRIAL.MTW.
The data file contains 60 rows of information, where each rowrepresents
information on a particular cinema.
The file contains 11 columns of information (C1, C2, ., C11), where
each column represents a variable such as chain of the cinema, regional
location of the cinema,distance of the cinema away from the High Street,
monthly rent (00s), monthly advertising expenditure (),gender of the
manager running the cinema, chain of the cinema, size of the cinema, and so
on. Each column corresponds to a variable (response to a question in the
given questionnaire).

Page 4
Note that the first column, namely C1, is a list of the cinemas and as
such this does not serve any purpose in the report, and therefore this
should not be used in the statistical analysis.
The directors of the FILM2011 have employed you as a statistical consultant
to carry out the appropriate statistical analysis for satisfying the objectives].
[C]
MINITAB VERSION 16
1.
How to access Minitab version 16 from the University.

After you log in,
Click START to open the Start menu.

Select ALL PROGRAMS .
Select MIDDLESEX SOFTWARE and then choose
MINITAB.
2. MINITAB WINDOWS.
DATA WINDOW (or WORKSHEET WINDOW).
This displays your current worksheet (rows, columns and
constants). Once you retrieve the data file FILM2011.MTW, this
will occupy the first 60 rows and 11 columns of the worksheet.
Note that a saved Minitab worksheet file has the file extension .MTW
(that is, MiniTabWorksheet).
SESSION WINDOW.
This displays the output (that is, results). This can also allow you to
type Minitab commands but this we will not be doing. All commands
will be accessed from the menu bar. Each menu command opens a
dialog box, which allows you to make further choices.
PROJECT MANAGER WINDOW.

Page 5
This is another window, which is open but is minimised. This

includes several folders among which are the session and worksheet
folders. Once you save the project ( data andresults), the file
extension .MPJ (that is, Minitab ProJect) will be attached to this file.
Note that this file can only be created and accessed from Minitab.
GRAPH WINDOW.
This window appears each time you create a high-resolution graph.
Note that character graphs are displayed in the Session Window. You
are not required to produce character graphs for this report.
HELP WINDOW.
This window can be opened by selecting the HELP command from
the menu bar.
ASSISTANTWINDOW.
This window can be opened by selecting the ASSISTANT command
from the menu bar.
[D]
ACCESSING THE DATA FILE: FILM2011.MTW.

The data file FILMTRIAL.MTW should be accessed from Moodle.
Save this file on your USB stick. Make sure that you also have a copy of
your work stored on your C drive on your PC or laptop at home (provided you
have either a PC or a laptop).It is important that you always have a
backup of your work.

Page 6
[E]
OPENING THE DATA FILE: FILM2011.MTW IN MINITAB.
To open the data file FILMTRIAL.MTW, which has been previously saved on
your usb stick drive.
Open Minitab as it has been stated in Section [C] above.
Click on FILE and choose OPEN WORKSHEET .
In the LOOK IN box select the usbstick drive.

Highlight the file FILMTRIAL.
Note that this file is automatically transferred into the box with
the heading FILE NAME:
Click OPEN.
The following message will appear

Page 7
Click OK.
NOTE that the file extension that will be added automatically to a

saved Minitab worksheet is .MTW (that is, MiniTab Worksheet). This
file can only be accessed from Minitab.
[F]
TO CHECK THE DATA INFORMATION

To check the data information you can click on the Project Manager, which
you can access as follows:
Either click on the icon on the toolbar which looks like an open
book

Page 8
Or click on WINDOW and select PROJECT MANAGER.
Click on COLUMNS and this will allow you to see the

information on the columns in the worksheet.
NOTE for illustrating the use of Minitab a data file called

FILMTRIAL will be used.

Page 9
Note that you can close the Project Manager by clicking

the top left hand corner and selecting NEXT.
[G]
NAMING THE COLUMNS.

The cell below the column label (Cno.) and above row 1, is reserved for the
column name. Give an appropriate name to each column in the worksheet.
Note that only two columns have been left without a name, namely C5
and C6. The maximum length of 32 characters is allowed for a name.
C5
SIZE

C6
GENDER
Page 10
[H]
MISSING VALUES.
What are missing values?
Incomplete information leads to what we call missing values. In

this dataset missing values were recorded as 1. Prior to any
statistical analysis it is necessary to replace these missing values by
* since Minitab can only recognise missing values by *.
This is
already been done in the datafile FILMTRIAL.MTW. Failure to
replace these missing values will result in inaccurate results in the
statistical analysis.
Note that for making life easy these have already been replaced
by * so therefore you will need not have to change the -1 to *.
Looking at the information on columns (see Project Manager) you will
see that Minitab has already identified the columns in which missing
values are found as well as the number of missing values in each
column.
Note that you can find out which columns have missing values by
checking the column information (follow the steps of section [F]
above).
[I]
CHANGING THE NUMERICAL CODES OF THE CATEGORICAL

VARIABLES TO TEXT CODES.
The categories of each categorical variable are coded using numerical
values.
For example, the categorical variable REGION (C3) has three categories
namely ENGLAND, SCOTLAND and WALES, which are coded using the
numerical codes 1, 2and 3 respectively. That is:
1=
England

2=
Scotland
3 = Wales
Page 11
Note that 1, 2 and 3 are just labels (or identifiers) used to identify each
category. We could have easily used any other numbers for example,10 =
England, 20 = Scotland and 30= Wales.
This coding helps one to avoid making mistakes while typing in the data and
any mistakes you might make will be more easily detected by this coding.
For example, typing 11 instead of 1.
To ease the statistical analysis and improve presentation, we would convert
the numerical codes of all categorical variables to text codes.
This is illustrated using the categorical variable REGION (C3).
HOW DO WE DO THIS?
Click on DATA and choose CODE.
Select NUMERIC TO TEXT .
2
3
Highlight the categorical variable (say e.g. C3) and then click on
SELECT. Alternatively, highlight the categorical variable and double
click it.

Page 12
Note that this column now has moved into the box with the heading
CODE DATA FROM COLUMNS:
Click inside the box with the heading STORE CODED DATA IN
COLUMNS: .
Highlight the categorical variable (e.g. C3) and double click it.
Note we choose the same column if we want the result to be placed back
into the same column. You are advised to do this. This is what we would be
doing here.
Click in the first box under ORIGINAL VALUES, type the

numerical code (in this example, 1) and in the corresponding box
under NEW type the corresponding text code (in this example,
ENGLAND).
In the second box under ORIGINAL VALUES type the numerical
code, (in this example, 2) and in the corresponding box under NEW
type the corresponding text code (in this example, SCOTLAND).
In the third box under ORIGINAL VALUES type the numerical code
(in this example, 3) and in the corresponding box under NEW type
the corresponding text code (in this example, WALES).
Click OK.
NOTE that

Page 13
1.
the column now changes to C3-T . T indicates a Text column

( a categorical variable).
C3-T acategorical variable
[J]
2.
you can also check this change by using the Project Manager (see
section [F] above).
3.
the missing values in the categorical values will be shown as blank

spaces (and not by a *).
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS.
We would like to summarise the data. The question is
FOR
NUMERICAL
VARIABLES.
HOW DO WE DO THIS?
For summarizing a numerical variable the procedure is:
BASIC STATISTICS
STAT
DISPLAY DESCRIPTIVESTATISTICS

Page 14
EXAMPLE 1
Distance is a numerical (continuous) variable and represents the distance of
a cinema away from the High Street. We can summarise the information on
distance by using the above command as follows:
Click on STAT and choose BASIC STATISTICS.
Select DISPLAY DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS .
Click inside the box with the heading VARIABLES: . The

numerical variables will now appear in the List box.
Highlight the variable DISTANCE (that is, C8) and double click
it.
Click OK.
NOTE
You can also produce a graphical representation of the data (that is, a
histogram or a boxplot or a dotplot or a graphical summary). If you wish to
do this then you need to click on GRAPHS and choose the graph of your
choice. Then click OK and then OK again for executing the command.

Page 15
OUTPUT
Descriptive Statistics: DISTANCE
Variable
DISTANCE
N N*
59 1
Mean
2.651
Median
2.750
SE Mean StDev Minimum

Q1
0.197 1.514
0.500 1.250
Q3
4.000
Maximum
6.000
The output now appears in the session window.

Note that the output can be highlighted, copied ( by right clicking the mouse
and selecting COPY) and pasted in a Microsoft word file. The output
however needs to be edited.
Note that the output provides you with the SE Mean. This is what we call the
Standard Error of the Mean.
This is something that we havecome not across yet in this module, therefore
you are asked prior to clicking OK for executing the above command,
you click on STATISTICS .
Remove the option for the SE of Mean by clicking inside the SE of

Mean box

Page 16
Click on OK
Click on OK to execute the command.
The output now will exclude the SE of Mean which is not required in
this course.
Note that
N
N*
Mean
Median
StDev
Minimum
Maximum
Q1
Q3
represents the number of observations.

represents the number of missing values.
represents the mean value.
represents the median value.
represents the standard deviation.
represents the minimum value in the data.
represents the maximum value in the data.
represents the first (or lower quartile) of the data.
represents the third (or upper quartile) of the data.
OUTPUT
Descriptive Statistics: DISTANCE
Variable
DISTANCE
N N*
59 1
Mean StDev
2.651 1.514
Median
2.750
Q3
4.000
Minimum
0.500
Q1
1.250
Maximum
6.000
[Note that the above output has been edited].
Interpretation.
One manager failed to provide information regarding the distance of the
cinema away from the High Street. The distance varies with a minimum of
half a mile (0.5 miles) and a maximum of 6 miles. On average we would
expect a cinema to be about 2.7 miles away from the High Street with an
average variation of about 1.5 miles. Seventy-five percent of the cinemas
have a distance of 4 miles or less while 25% of the cinemas have a distance
of 1.25 miles or less away from the High Street. The middle 50% of the
cinemas have a distance of between 1.25 and 4 miles away from the High
Street. We also note that the median is slightly higher than the mean value

Page 17
indicating a slightly negatively skewed distribution.
Note
that the coefficient of skewness can be obtained by clicking the
SKEWNESS box in the STATISTICS dialoq (see page 15 above).
PLOTTING A
HISTOGRAM.
There are two methods that you may use to plot a histogram. A histogram
is used to display graphically the distribution of a continuous variable.
METHOD 1
When you use the following command (see above)
BASIC STATISTICS
STAT
DISPLAY DESCRIPTIVESTATISTICS
you are given the chance to plot a histogram by clicking on the
GRAPHS
subcommand.
This leads to a further dialog box (see below):

Page 18
Click the box on the left of HISTOGRAM OF DATA (or HISTOGRAM

OF DATA, WITH NORMAL CURVE).
Click OK.
Click OK.
OUTPUT

Page 19
Histogram of DISTANCE
10
Frequency
1.2
2.4
3.6
DISTANCE
4.8
6.0
Note
You can edit the x-axis label, y-axis label and also make changes to
the title. You can easily do this by double clicking on the x-axis label,
y-axis label and title respectively.
Your work will be assessed for presentation and structure and as

such it is necessary to edit the axes and add a clear title to your
graph. The FREQUENCY should be replaced by the appropriate
name. In this case, this is Number of Cinemas.
You can add your initials or any other information you would like at
the foot of the graph by right clicking the mouse, selecting ADD and
then choosing FOOTNOTE. In a similar manner you can add a
TITLE, to your graph.
You can edit the bars of the histogram (change the fill pattern and the
colour if you are using a colour printer) by double clicking on the bars.
1. Under the FILL PATTERN, click the button CUSTOM.

2. Choose the TYPE and BACKGROUND COLOR of your choice
having in mind that presentation is important. Make sure you

Page 20
familiarize yourself with the type of editing a graph (lecture, lab

session and in your own free time).
3. Do not use capital letters when naming the axes and giving a title.
After editing the graph, the final version of the graph is:
Histogram displaying the distance distribution.

10
10
Number of Cinemas
6
5
4
4
3
0
1.2
2.4
3.6
4.8
6.0
Distance of the cinema away from the High Street (miles)
NOTE that you can save a graph if you so wish (see section [M]).
Exercise 1. Try plotting a histogram using this approach.
METHOD 2

Page 21
GRAPH
HISTOGRAM
The second method for plotting a histogram is carried out by using the
following steps:
Click on GRAPH and select HISTOGRAM .
After selecting the HISTOGRAM option, the following dialog box appears:

Page 22
Click OK.
Highlight the variable of interest (in this case, DISTANCE) and double
click it.
To add a TITLEand a FOOTNOTE (as requested), click on LABELS

.

Page 23
Once you add the title and footnote, then click OK.
You can now click on DATA OPTIONS .
From the next dialog box, click on GROUP OPTIONS.

Page 24
From the following next dialog box, remove the tick (by clicking
inside the box) next to INCLUDE MISSING AS A GROUP.
After doing this, then click OK.
Click OK to produce the histogram.

Page 25
Histogram displaying the Distance distribution.

25
Frequency
20
15
10
3
DISTANCE
AM
NOTE
The graph needs to be edited as we have explained before. For
example, the name of the vertical axis is FREQUENCY. It is important
that this is replaced by the appropriate name, which in this case is
Number of Cinemas.
The name of the horizontal axis also needs to be replaced by the
appropriate name namely Distance of a Cinema away from the High
Street (miles).
You can also further edit your graph as we have described during the
lecture as well as above. Name for the axes should not be in capital
letters. Presentation is very important.
OUTPUT

Page 26
Histogram displaying the Distance distribution.

10
10
Number of Cinemas
6
5
4
4
3
0
1.2
2.4
3.6
4.8
Distance of a cinema away from the High Street (miles)
6.0
AM
[K] SAVING THE DATA (THAT IS, SAVING THE WORKSHEET).
SAVE CURRENT WORKSHEET AS
FILE
To save the data file on the appropriate drive(or USB drive).
Click on FILE and choose SAVE CURRENT WORKSHEET AS .
In the SAVE IN select the USB stick drive).
In the FILE NAME enter the file name FILMTRIAL or any

other name you prefer to use for your data file.
You are advised to keep the file name FILMTRIAL.
Click SAVE.

Page 27
NOTE that the file extension that will be added automatically to a

saved Minitab worksheet is .MTW (that is, MiniTab Worksheet). This
file can only be accessed from Minitab.
[L]
SAVING DATA AND RESULTS IN MINITAB.
SAVE PROJECT AS
FILE
To save your data (Minitab worksheet) as well as your results in the session
window, you need to save these as a project file. To do this, you follow the
steps below:
Click on FILE and choose SAVE PROJECT AS .
In the SAVE IN select the USB stick drive.
Note that it is important that you first save your work.
In the FILE NAME box you will see that the name MINITAB is
enteterd by default. Delete this and givean appropriate name to your
output file.
Note that in the SAVE AS TYPE: box you can see that this file is a MINITAB
PROJECT file and the file extension given to this file is .MPJ.
This file can be opened in Minitab only by selecting OPEN PROJECT from
the FILE menu.
[M]
Click SAVE to save your project (that is, both data and results).
SAVING A GRAPH.
FILE

SAVE GRAPH AS
Page 28
After you have produced a high resolution graph then you can save this as
follows:
Click on FILE.
Select SAVE GRAPH AS .
Note that Minitab has already given a name to your graph inside the
FILE NAME: box. If you are not happy with the chosen name then
change it by typing a name of your choice.
In the SAVE IN: box, choose the drive of your choice.
Note that in the SAVE AS TYPE: box the file extension that will be given
to a Minitab graph is .MGF.
[N]
Click on SAVE to save your graph.
OPENING A SAVED GRAPH.
OPEN GRAPH
FILE
You can open a graph that you have previously saved as follows:
Click on FILE.
Select OPEN GRAPH .
In the LOOK IN: box choose the drive on which you have saved your
graph.
Highlight the graph name you want to retrieve.
Click on OPEN.
Click OK.

Page 29
[O]
[P]
COPYING THE RESULTS IN MICROSOFT WORD.
Highlight your results in the session window.
Right click the mouse.
Select COPY.
Go to Microsoft Word and open the file containing your report.
Select PASTE.
COPYING A GRAPH IN MICROSOFT WORD.
After producing a high resolution graph, follow the steps below in copying
your graph in Microsoft Word:
[Q]
Select COPY GRAPH.
Go to Microsoft Word and open the file containing your report.
Select PASTE.
EXITING MINITAB.
FILE
EXIT
If you have made any changes to the data file make sure you save your file
before exiting Minitab.

Page 30
Click on FILE.
Choose EXIT.
A dialog box appears, asking you if you want to save changes made to this
project (that is, worksheet and output in the session window).
Click the appropriate button according to your choice.
Note that:
If your response is YES then you will be given the chance to save
your work (that is, you will be given the chance to save both the data
as well as your results).
Minitab refers to this as a PROJECT and the file extension that will be
given to your file will be .MPJ (that is, Minitab ProJect).
If your response is NO then you will automatically exit Minitab.


Minitab: Objectives of

Transféré par

Informations du document

Titre original

Copyright

Formats disponibles

Partager ce document

Partager ou intégrer le document

Options de partage

Avez-vous trouvé ce document utile ?

Ce contenu est-il inapproprié ?

Droits d'auteur :

Formats disponibles

Minitab: Objectives of

Transféré par

Droits d'auteur :

Formats disponibles

Page 1

INTRODUCTION TO MINITAB AND MODULE REPORT

Introduce the theme of the Module Report.

STRUCTURE OF THE MODULEREPORT.

The structure of the report is given below:

MSO4730 LECTURE MINITAB

diagram); correlation and regression analysis, and confidence

Conclusion and recommendation.

THEME OF THE MODULE REPORT.

The theme of the module report is also described in the modulehandout.

Regional Location of the cinema.

MSO4730 LECTURE MINITAB

Location of the cinema.

Size of the cinema.

(Less than 400 seats)

Gender of the Manager.

Monthly Rent (00s).

Monthly Advertising Expenditure ().

10. Monthly weekend sales ().

11. Monthly weekday sales ().

Note that incomplete information led to missing values. These are

MSO4730 LECTURE MINITAB

How to access Minitab version 16 from the University.

Click START to open the Start menu.

PROJECT MANAGER WINDOW.

MSO4730 LECTURE MINITAB

This is another window, which is open but is minimised. This

ACCESSING THE DATA FILE: FILM2011.MTW.

MSO4730 LECTURE MINITAB

OPENING THE DATA FILE: FILM2011.MTW IN MINITAB.

Click on FILE and choose OPEN WORKSHEET .

In the LOOK IN box select the usbstick drive.

MSO4730 LECTURE MINITAB

NOTE that the file extension that will be added automatically to a

TO CHECK THE DATA INFORMATION

MSO4730 LECTURE MINITAB

Or click on WINDOW and select PROJECT MANAGER.

Click on COLUMNS and this will allow you to see the

NOTE for illustrating the use of Minitab a data file called

MSO4730 LECTURE MINITAB

Note that you can close the Project Manager by clicking

NAMING THE COLUMNS.

MSO4730 LECTURE MINITAB

What are missing values?

Incomplete information leads to what we call missing values. In

* since Minitab can only recognise missing values by *.

CHANGING THE NUMERICAL CODES OF THE CATEGORICAL

MSO4730 LECTURE MINITAB

Click on DATA and choose CODE.

Select NUMERIC TO TEXT .

MSO4730 LECTURE MINITAB

Click in the first box under ORIGINAL VALUES, type the

MSO4730 LECTURE MINITAB

the column now changes to C3-T . T indicates a Text column

C3-T acategorical variable

the missing values in the categorical values will be shown as blank

For summarizing a numerical variable the procedure is:

MSO4730 LECTURE MINITAB

Click on STAT and choose BASIC STATISTICS.

Select DISPLAY DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS .

Click inside the box with the heading VARIABLES: . The

MSO4730 LECTURE MINITAB

SE Mean StDev Minimum