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Introduction ParagraphSir Isaac Newton is best known as the genius who explained gravity.

Newton helped define the laws of gravity and the planetary motion,

cofounded the field of calculus, and explained laws of light and color,
among many other discoveries. Newton is the man who has the famous story
of how he uncovered the laws of gravity by being hit on the head by a falling
apple. He was the man who came up with Newtons three laws of motion
which is what we learn in science and we should all know by now, the three
laws of science are very important dealing with gravity and force and
motion. Newton also had a huge part in mathematics and the laws of nature
which led him to his two most famous works.
Who was Sir Isaac Newton, his life, his work and accomplishmentsSir Isaac Newton was born on Christmas Day in 1942; but since the
calendar changes of the 19th century; and the date became January 4th, 1643;
which is commonly used today. Newton was an English physicist,
mathematician, astronomer, alchemist, inventor, and natural philosopher,
who is also one of the most accomplished and influential scientists in
history. Newton enunciated his law of universal gravitation and three laws of
motion in his work Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica. He laid
the groundwork for classical mechanics, also known as Newtonian
Mechanics, which sway in the physical sciences until the advent of quantum
mechanics around the twentieth century. Newton was the first to show that
the motions of bodies on Earth and Celestial bodies are governed by the
same set of natural laws, by using Keplers laws of planetary motion. The
unifying and predictive powers of his laws were integral to the scientific
revolution and advancement of the heliocentric model of the solar system.
Newton also realized that white light is composed of a spectrum of colors
and he further argued that light consists of corpuscles (particles). He
enunciated the principles of conservation of momentum and angular
momentum, and he developed a law describing the rate of cooling of objects
when exposed to air. He studied the speed of sound in air and voiced a
theory of the origin of stars. Newton and Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz shared
the credit for playing major roles in the development of calculus in the
western world; this area of mathematics has since proved of enormous value
for the advancement of science and technology. Newton has also made
contributions to other areas of mathematics, having derived the binomial
theorem in its entirety. In addition to his monumental work in mathematics
and science, Newton was a devout Christian, although a somewhat
unorthodox and non-Trinitarian one. He claimed to study the bible everyday,
and he wrote on religion than he did on science. Newton thought that his
scientific investigations were a way to bring to the light the creators work
and the principles used by the Creator in ordering the physical universe.

Newton was born in Woolsthorpe-by-Colsterworth (at Woolsthorpe Manor),


a hamlet in the county of Lincolnshire. He was born prematurely and no one
expected him to live. Newtons mothers name was Hannah Ayscough
Newton and his fathers name was Isaac, but he died three months before
Newton was born. When Newton was two, his mother went to live with her
new husband, leaving her son in care of his grandmother. He began his
education at village schools; Newton attended the kings school in Grantham
(Grantham Grammar School) from the age of 12. By October 1659, Newton
was removed from school and brought back to Woolsthorpe, where his
mother attempted to make a farmer of him; he was then brought back to
school to complete his education at the age of 18. In June 1661, Newton
matriculated to Trinity College, Cambridge; at the time the colleges
teachings were based on those of Aristotle, but Newton preferred to read the
more advanced ideas of modern philosophers such as Descartes and
astronomers such as Galileo, Copernicus, and Kepler. In 1665, Newton
discovered the binomial theorem and began to develop a mathematical
theory that would later become calculus. Soon after Newton obtained his
degree in 1665, the university closed down as a precaution against the Great
Plague; for the next 18 months, Newton worked at home on calculus, optics,
and the theory of gravitation. In 1669, Newton circulated his findings in De
Analysi per Aequationes Numeri Terminorum Infinitas (on analysis by
infinite series). And later in De Methodis Serierum Et Fluxionum (on the
methods of series and fluxions). Newton is generally credited with the
binomial theorem, an essential step toward the development of modern
analysis. Newton and Leibniz developed calculus, and Newton also made
substantial contributions toward our understanding of polynomials and the
theory of finite differences. He discovered Newtons Methods (a rootfinding algorithm) and a new formulae for the value of pi. Newton was the
first to use fractional indices, to employ coordinate geometry to derive
solutions to Diophantine equations, and to use power series with confidence
and to revert power series. He also approximated partial sums of harmonic
series by logarithms. Newton was elected Lucasian professor of mathematics
in 1669.
Newtons first law of motionFirst law (the law of inertia): An object at rest tends to stay at rest and an
object in motion tends to stay in motion unless acted upon by a net external
force. The first law is known as the law of inertia. There are two parts to this
statement; one that predicts the behavior of stationary objects and the other

that predicts the behavior of moving object. The behavior of all objects can
be described by saying that objects tend to keep doing what theyre doing.

An example of Newtons first law of motion is coffee because it also stays in


motion and for example hitting the windshield or the dash could be the force
to stop it.
Newtons second law of motionNewtons second law of motion pertains to the behavior of objects which
all existing forces are not balanced. The second law states that the
acceleration of an object is dependent upon two variables which is the net
force acting upon the object and the mass of the object. The acceleration of
an object depends directly upon the net force acting upon the object, and
inversely upon the mass of the object. As the force acting upon an object is
increased, the acceleration of the object is increased. As the mass of an
object is increased, the acceleration of the object is decreased.

This statement of the second law can also be expressed in an equation. A=F
net /m. The equation is often rearranged to a more familiar form which the
net force is equated to the product of the mass times the acceleration. F
net=m*a. In the second law emphasis is on the net force and acceleration is
proportional to the net force; the net force equals mass times acceleration;

the acceleration in the same direction as the net force; an acceleration is


produced by a net force.
Newtons third law of motionA force is a push or a pull upon an object that results from its interaction
with another object. Forces result from interactions. Some forces result from
contact interactions as normal, frictional, tensional, and applied forces which
are examples of contact forces; And others forces are the result of action-ata-distance interactions such as gravitational, electrical, and magnetic forces.
According to Newton, whenever objects A and B interact with each other,
they exert forces upon each other. For example when you sit down in a chair
you exert a downward force and the chair exerts an upwards force. Like how
the third law is stated as for every action, there is an equal and opposite
reaction. This statement means that in every interaction, there is a pair of
forces acting on the two interacting objects. The size of the forces on the
first object equals the size of the force on the second object.
ConclusionIn conclusion Sir Isaac Newton was a huge importance to science,
mathematics, and to the world because he founded so many things like the
three laws of motion, calculus, and helped set the mathematic theory. That is
why Sir Isaac Newton is one of the greatest artist of all time, because he
helped discover so many things that is needed and important to everyones
daily lives in the world today.

Sources

http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/blnewton.htm
http://www-groups.dcs.stand.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Newton.html
http://teachertech.rice.edu/Participants/louviere/Newton/
http://csep10.phys.utk.edu/astr161/lect/history/newtongrav.html
http://csep10.phys.utk.edu/astr161/lect/history/newton3laws.html

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