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First Meditation
Question 1:
Argue for Descartes philosophical method- His search for certainty about philosophical
issues based on its model after the certainty outlined in the methods of mathematics and
physics. State Descartes method, indicating how it is used in one of the Meditations, in
addressing a particular philosophical issue, make a conclusion with reasons why Descartes
was successful or not in the search for certainty based on the philosophical issue/Meditation
under discussion.
Descates concludes with the truth that in his presence, he cannot be deceived into believing that
he does not exist. With regards to the Evil Spirit hypothesis, he notes that instead of blaming
God as the origin of our deceptions, we should assume that there is an evil demon. And, this
demon is capable of doing so. Ultimately, Descartes makes his conclusion with truth that while
he is present, He cannot be tricked into believing the he is not.
Based on the hypothesis of the Evil Spirit, he argues that instead of assuming that God is the
origin of our deceptions, it is better to assume that an evil demon exists, and this demon has the
capability of doing so just similarly to God. Because of this, it is undoubted fact that Descartes
has to find an alternative of redesigning the edifice of knowledge depending on the material
generated from his mind. In this context, the first thing that he can be sure of is the fact that he
exists. Descartes believed in advocating for the dreaming hypothesis to disintegrate the basic
foundations of all beliefs acquired from sensory experience (Oregonnstate.Edu 1).
On the other hand, he also thought that there were several beliefs that were not challenged by the
dreaming hypothesis. Whenever people dream, even though the particular beliefs they form are
not true, the things they dream of are inspired by the experiences they have while awake.
Descartes thinks that people can still have confidence that some of the things they envisage in
their dreams are real. Due to this, the dreaming hypothesis fails to challenge our general belief of
the truths that we hold concerning the world- the belief about the existence of physical objects
(Skirry 1). In the same way, the dreaming argument does not give any reason that would make
Descartes to doubt his beliefs about mathematical knowledge. In the first meditation, he does not
disprove the dreaming hypothesis.
The main argument against the dreaming concept raised by Descartes is that his reasoning is selfcontradictory. It comes to the conclusion that there is no difference between dreaming and being
awake. That people can have wrong experiences and Descartes points out that such emphasize on
the illusory character of dreaming, presupposing the existence of such a distinction. However, his
dreaming argument is not consistent.
Works Cited
Skirry, Justin. Descartes, Rene: Overview. Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy, (2008): Web.
15 Dec 2013.
Hatfield, Gary. Ren Descartes. Plato.stanford.edu, 2008. Web. 15 Dec 2013.
<http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/descartes/>.
Oregonstate.Edu. Descartes Meditations. Oregonstate.edu, 2013. Web. 15 Dec 2013.
<http://oregonstate.edu/instruction/phl302/philosophers/meditations.html>.
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