PROJECT REPORT

SOLAR GRASS CUTTER

SUBMITTED BY

regd.no

JATINDER KUMAR

11205556

RAVINDER SINGH

11201245

RAHUL KASHAYAP

11202570

ABHISHEK THAKUR

11210886

GROUP CODE

MC230

ABSTARCT
These days we are facing the problems like pollutions, power cut problem
etc. In order to overcome these problems, we have thought about the
device, which can be performing its functions without causing any of these
problems.
So we have thought of doing the project on cutting
grass, this uses the renewable source of energy for its operation like solar
energy.
This project aims at developing a portable solar operated grass
cutting device, as there is power shortage. So we have decided to make a
solar energy operated device.
Solar panel is connected to the battery. Then
by connecting inverter to battery DC current is converted to AC current. This
will run the AC motor. This motor is connected to blade shaft by the help of
belt drive. This will rotate the blade in high speed, cut the grass. This device
will help in building of eco-friendly system.

INTRODUCTION
A Solar grass cutter is a machine that uses sliding blades to cut a lawn at
an even length. Even more sophisticated devices are there in every field.
Power consumption becomes essential for future. The solar grass cutter
consists of the photovoltaic cell for the efficiency power from solar panel.
The DC to DC buck boost converter helps to step up the DC voltage from
the photovoltaic panel and store the DC voltage in a battery. It is an
automated system for the purpose of grass cutting.
The first grass cutter was invented by Edwin Budding in 1830 in Thrupp ,
just outside Stroud, in Gloucestershire, England. Budding's mower was
designed primarily to cut the grass on sports grounds and extensive
gardens, as a superior alternative to the scythe, and was granted a British
patent on August 31, 1830.

Objective

For the manufacturing of a solar grass cutter we referred various literature, papers etc.
The review of previous method used given below: In this lawn mower uses an solar based
energy source, which is easier to use, more advantageous comparing to other energy
source especially for gas based source of power .But our lawn cutter is based on solar
because this energy is a renewable energy source and it is easy to work. So we made solar
powered lawnmower. In today's climate of growing energy needs and increasing
environmental concern, alternatives to the use of non-renewable and polluting fossil fuels
have to be investigated. One such alternative is solar energy. In this solar based lawn
mower, the advantage of powering a lawn mower by solar rather than by gasoline is
mainly ecological. We manufactured this lawn cutter because it is very easy method and
many overcome produced from this type lawn cutter. . The self powered objective is to
come up with a mower that is portable, durable, easy to operate and maintain. It also
aims to design a self powered mower of electrical source; a cordless electric lawn mower.
The heart of the machine is a battery powered dc electric motor. It is also useful method
for our lawn mower. It is similar to our lawn cutter using display and keypad. The present
technology commonly used for trimming the grass is by using the manually handle device.
In this project we have automated the machine for trimming the grass. The device
consists of linear blade which is operated with the help of the motor the power supply for
the motor is by using battery. The battery can be charge by using power supply and solar
panel.

PRINCIPLE

The lawn mower or grass cutter is made up of an induction motor, a battery, an alternator,
three collapsible blades, and a link mechanism. The power and charging system comprises of
an alternator which charges the battery while in operation. The D.C. motor forms the heart of
the machine and provides the driving force for the collapsible blades. This is achieved by the
combined effect of mechanical action of the cutting blades and the forward thrust of the
mower.

The system is powered by an electrical switch which completes the circuit comprising the
induction motor and the battery. The IR senor is finding the path to avoid the obstacles and
machine damage. The shaft fitting mechanism with which the height of cut is altered. Solar
power as an energy source will address a number of issues that standard internal
combustion engine mowers do not. An electric grass cutter with a solar charger will be easier
to use. There is no messy dangerous gasoline to deal with Most importantly it eliminates the
emissions of an internal combustion mower. A lawn mower is a device which by means of one
or more revolving blades issued to cutgrass or other plants to an even length. Lawnmowers
employing a blade that rotates about a vertical axis are known as rotary mowers, while those
employing a blade assembly that rotates about a horizontal axis are known as cylinder or reel
mowers. Solar grass cutter are based on the use of small but powerful engine that provides
enough torque to spin a very sharp horizontal blade that cuts the grass upon contact. The
blade is located in the deck that prevents grass from flying all over the place when most
cases, the motor is situated at the top of the deck, which is usually mounted on four wheels.
There is also a bag connected to the deck that is used to collect cut grasses the opinion that
lawnmowers must be designed to reduce pollutions generated than at present.

COMPONENTS USED
The

main components used in solar grass

cutter are:

Solar

Panel

Batteries
Brushless
Solar

DC Motor

Charger

Circuit
Blades

Breaker

SOLAR PANEL

The solar panels are used to generate electric power.

The photo- voltaic effect can be observed in nature in
a variety of materials that have shown that the best
performance in sunlight is the semiconductors as
stated above. When photons from the sun are
absorbed in a semiconductor, that create free
electrons with higher energies than the created there
must be an electric field to induce these higher
energy electrons to flow out of the semi-conductor to
do useful work.

BATTERIES
The

batteries are used as a storage device

for solar energy which can be further
converted into electrical energy. Batteries
can be in the interior of the lawn mower or
on the outside.

BRUSHLESS DC MOTOR

This is a relatively new class of motors whose

application have been increasing at a rapid rate each
year, due to both declining costs as well as increasing
functionality. A brushless DC motor is similar to that
brush DC motor in that it has an internal shaft
position feedback which tells which windings to
switch on at which an exact moment. This internal
feedback gives both the brush DC motor and brushless
DC motor their unique characteristics.

SOLAR CHARGER

The power charge regulator is also known as

charge controller, voltage regulator, chargedischarge controller or charge-discharge and load
controller. The regulator sits between the array of
panels, the batteries, and the equipment or loads
.

BLADES

A blade is that portion of a tool, weapon, or

machine with an edge that is designed to cut
and/or puncture, stab, slash, chop, slice, thrust,
or scrape surfaces or materials. A blade may be
made from a flaking stone, such as flint, metal,
ceramic, or other material.

SCOTCH YOKE MECHANISM

The Scotch yoke (also known as slotted link mechanism) is a reciprocating

motion mechanism, converting the linear motion of a slider into rotational
motion or vice versa. The piston or other reciprocating part is directly
coupled to a sliding yoke with a slot that engages a pin on the rotating part.
The shape of the motion of the piston is a pure sin wave over time given a
constant rotational speed.

WORKING

Coming to the working of solar powered grass cutter , it has panels mounted in a
particular arrangement at an angle of 45 degrees in such a way that it can receive
solar radiation with high intensity easily from the sun. These solar panels convert
solar energy into electrical energy as studied earlier. Now this electrical energy is
stored in batteries by using a solar charger. The main function of the solar charger is
to increase the current from the panels while batteries are charging, it also
disconnects the solar panels from the batteries when they are fully charged and also
connects to the panels when the charging in batteries is low. The motor is connected
to the batteries through connecting wires .Between these two mechanical circuit
breaker switch is provided. It starts and stops the working of the motor. From this
motor, the power transmits to the mechanism and this makes the blade to slide on
the fixed blade and this makes to cut the grass.