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SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF THE RESEARCH PROCESS

NATURE AND CHARACTERISTICS OF RESEARCH


The Nature of Research
Research means searching for a theory, for testing theory, or for solving a problem.
Theory the analysis of a set of facts in their relation to one another;
- abstract thought; speculation;
- an unproved assumption
It means that something exists that needs investigation and inquiry which later has to be
solved.
Definitions of Research

to search again, to take another more careful look, to find out more (Selltiz, et. Al.,
1976)
a systematic quest for undiscovered truth (Leedy, 1974)
a systematic attempt to provide answers to questions (Tuckman, 1972)
a scientific investigation of phenomena which includes collection, presentation,
analysis, and interpretation of facts that links mans speculation with reality.

Purpose of Research
Every scientific and technological advancement of the new millennium is a by-product of
research. With such improvement in science and technology, the quality of life progresses.
Research provides solutions to problems we encounter. Since problems are endless,
research is a continuing process.
Mans Major Problems Demand Research
how to reduce his burden of work
how to relieve suffering
how to increase satisfaction in fulfilling his cravings and aspirations
Values of Research to Man
Research improves the quality of life.
Research improves instruction.
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Research
Research
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improves students achievement.


satisfies mans needs.
reduces the burden of work.
has deep-seated psychological aspects.
improves the exportation of food products.

Characteristics of Research
(Best, 1981)

Research is directed towards the solution of a problem.


Research emphasizes the development of generalizations, principles or theories,
that will be helpful in predicting future occurrences.
Research is based upon observable experience or empirical evidence.
Research demands accurate observation and description.
Research involves gathering new data from primary or first-hand sources or
using existing data for a new purpose.
Research requires expertise.
Research involves the quest for answers to unsolved problems.
Although research activity may at times be somewhat random and unsystematic,
it is more often characterized by carefully designed procedures, always applying
rigorous analysis.
Research is characterized by patient and unhurried activity.
Research is carefully recorded and reported.
Research strives to be objective and logical, applying every possible test to
validate the procedures employed, the data collected, and the conclusions
reached.
Research sometimes requires courage.

Characteristics of the Researcher

Intellectual curiosity
Prudence
Healthy criticism
Intellectual honesty

Intellectual curiosity
1. A researcher undertakes reflective thinking and inquiry of the things, situations
and problems around him.
2. He is eager to get information on these often due to novelty and unusualness.
3. He raises questions to seek answer, continues to read the related literature,
makes use of his experiences, and exercises his creativeness and inventiveness.
4. When the problem he confronts becomes clear, he formulates and tests
hypotheses on them.
Prudence
The researcher is prudent if he conducts his research study at the right time and at
the right place wisely, efficiently, and economically.
Healthy Criticism
The investigator is always doubtful as to the veracity of the results. Normally, the
researcher always doubts the truthfulness of his findings even if the data are
gathered honestly.
Intellectual Honesty
An intelligent researcher is honest in collecting or gathering the data or facts in
order to arrive at honest results.

Qualities of a Good Researcher


R research-oriented
E efficient
S scientific
E effective
A active
R resourceful
C creative
H honest
E economical
R - religious

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