NIGERIAN ASSOCIATION OF PETROLEUM EXPLORATIONISTS

September 2014 Monthly Technical Meeting

Pushing the Envelope:

Proven Technologies for Exploiting New Opportunities in
Marginal Reservoirs

17th September 2014

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OUTLINE
Outline
Placing small/marginal accumulations in context
Key challenges in Marginal field/reservoir development
SEPLAT Fields & Discoveries An Overview
Subsurface Overview and Technology Application (Okporhuru and Oben fields)
-Target reservoirs depositional setting and key development challenges
-Smart Well Technology - Okporhuru field
-Periscope Technology - Oben field
Principle, Planning, Execution and Results

Conclusions

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Niger Delta Oilfields and small/marginal accumulations context

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Key Challenges in Marginal field/reservoir Development

Economics

Regulatory requirement Well spacing

Small HC accumulation with limited lateral extent

Availability of Technology

Combination of technical expertize and cutting edge technology have proven

to overcome these challenges over conventional technology

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SEPLATs OPERATED ASSETS MAP

OBEN & OKPORHURU FIELDS LOCATION

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OKPORHURU FIELD - OVERVIEW

The field is located 41km north of Warri

The Okporhuru Field was discovered in 1982

OKRU- 2 & -3 were drilled to appraise the field in 1984

OKRU-4 drilled in 2012 (first well) drilled by Seplat in the field

Cores were acquired in two reservoirs in OKRU-4

In all, there are 33 hydrocarbon bearing reservoirs (<1MMstb UR each) in the Okporhuru
Field

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OKRU V2000 - V7000 Reservoir Correlation

E

209500

OKRU-001
OKRU-003

-11250

-11162

OKRU-004
OKRU-007-ST1

-11208
OKRU-007

-11099
-11097

209000

-11142

50

-1

12

208500

OWC (-11173)

-11

-1

208000

500

17

50

-11500

-11500

-11750

207500

-120
00

377000

378000

379000

380000

-12000

-122
50

-12000

SEPLAT Petroleum Development Co.

Block

Okporhuru Field Top Structural Depth Map

0

100

200

300

400

-12250
1:12500

500m

Horizon name
Contour inc

Scale

V7000_top
50

1:12500
Asset Development

-12500

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-11750

-12250

-1225

-12500
-12500

-12500

-1275
-12750

Most Likely Model Fitting all Observations at all Levels

Okporhuru Facies
Lower delta
plain

Tidal
Inlet

Back-barrier
Lagoon/tidal flats

Shoreface

Offshore shelf

Okporhuru-4 Core

Tidal Flat/Lagoon

Prodelta/Shelf
Shoreface/Beach

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210000

Reservoir Development Challenges

C
W

0
50

OKRU-006
OKRU-007-ST1
-10397

(-1
0
C
W

7)

-1
0

OKRU-004

-10433

47
7)

OKRU-001

47

209500

0
(-1

OKRU-003

OKRU-007

-10392
-10398

-10475

209000

-10
50
0

-10447

OW
)

208500

DPR Well spacing vs limited pool size

10
C (-

(-10477

-10

750

7)
47

OWC

208000

-1075

Small Ultimate Recovery: < 1MMstb per reservoir

-11000

-11000

377000

378000

379000

380000

SEPLAT Petr oleum Development Co.

-11250

Block

-11250

Okporhuru Field Top Structural Depth Map

Small area extent < 1.5sqkm

100

200

300

400

Horizon name

500m

-11500

1:12500

1400

1:12500
Asset Development

1600

1800

2000

2200

2400

2600

2800

3000

3200

3400

3600

3800

4000

4200

4400

4600

A
-10400

-11750

-10480

V2000
0

-10560

V3000

-1
17
5

-10560

-10480

Several stacked reservoirs

Scale

V2000_top
50

-10400

1200

Contour inc

-11500

-10640

-10640

-11750

-10800

Aquifer strength

-11120

-11120

-11040

-11040

-10960

-10960

-10880

-10880

-10800

Lateral sand continuity and connectivity

-10720

-10720

-11750

-11360

-11360

-11280

-11280

-11200

-11200

V7000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

2200

2400

2600

2800

100

3000

200

300

3200

400

3400

3600

3800

4000

4200

4400

4600

500m

1:10000

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What is a Smart or Intelligent Well?

Exploitation of marginal reserves through controlled

commingling of reservoirs

Remotely monitor and control well inflow or injection

down-hole at the reservoir

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Candidate Selection Criteria

Stacked reservoirs

Continuous shale separating sands

Reservoirs with similar pressure regimes

API variance within Regulatory limits

Remote location

Minimal security Issues

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Reservoir Technical data

TECHNICAL FIELD/RESERVOIR DATA

Structure

Simple rollover anticline, Four way dip

dependent closure

Reservoirs

Mostly channel and shoreface sands

Depth: 8500 -11,300 ftss;

Porosity: 15-20%;
Perm: 225-580 md
Average thickness 70ft

Sands

API: 38/-43; Rsi: 15 - 2200 scf/stb

Bo:1.015 -2.22 (FVF); Oil viscosity: 0.5- 4 cp

Fluid properties

Favourable
Conditions

Stacked Reservoirs, similar reservoir pressures

Minimal Security Issues

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Reservoir Production profile (Smart vs Individual Well Completion)

Individual Reservoir Completion

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Commingled Smart Well

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Test Results and Model Calibration

Good match between actual vs model gross production

FTHP within 10% of prediction

Samples sent to PC Lab for analysis

Established that there was no flow domination or crossflow during static conditions.

Established that daily production allocation could be performed from the network model

OKRU-07 Prediction vs Actual

50

% Contribution

40

30

20

10

V2000

V3000
Prediction

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V7000

Actual

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Oben Field Overview

The Oben Field is situated in OML-4 some 60 km NNE of Warri.

The field was discovered in 1972

42 wells drilled encountering over 50 hydrocarbon bearing sands

HC were encountered from depth 6,600 ftss to 10,500 ftss.

The field came on stream in 1974 and attained a maximum oil production
of 40,000 bopd in 1985.

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E2000 Reservoir Cross Section (Strike Section)

A

A
A

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E2000 Reservoir Cross Section (Dip Section)

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Most Likely Model Fitting all Observations at all Levels

Tidal Flat/Lagoon

Prodelta/Shelf
Shoreface/Beach

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Reservoir Development Challenges

Thin reservoir <20ft thickness

Thin Oil rim (~35ft) and huge gas cap (~70ft)

High structural uncertainties at the flanks

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Periscope Basic Principle and Application

Principles:
PeriScope* maps bed boundaries in real-time using the 360
directional and deep distance-to-boundary measurement up to 4m
away from the borehole.

Applications:

Maximizing Production*

Precise well placement in thin complex reservoir targets*

Water detection and sidetrack avoidance

Refining reservoir models

Benefits:

Increased production rates and recovery

Less or delayed water production

Access to reserves considered economically marginal*

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Periscope Demo

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Well Placement Components - Workflow

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Offset Well Data Selection

NNW
OB-5

OB-9

NE

OB-32
OB-6

SW
OB-20
OB-3

SSE
3D View of E2000 with offset wells and well tops

SW-NE Cross Section View of E2000 Reservoir

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E2000 Map View with Planned OBEN-38 well

NNW-SSE Cross Section View of E2000 Reservoir

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Oben-38 Periscope-HD Inversion Model Result base on Oben-32

Log response forward modeling to complete several PeriScope distance to boundary Inversions

To ascertain best quality inversion response to the formations and maximum distance to boundary

Pre-job modeling indicates that the E2000 Top can be resolved by HD inversion when well path is inside
the reservoir at a varying distance up to maximum of 8ft TVD

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Oben-38 Drain hole: Real time Monitoring /Optimization

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E2000 Dynamic Model Results

Horizontal
Well Reserves: 1.1 MMstb

Vertical
0.28 MMstb

Target oil rate = 800 stb/d

Actual oil rate = 1050 stb/d

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Oben 38 PeriScope HD Highlight

Oben-38 entire drain length was placed within 1-3ft TVD below the
E2000 target sand top achieving our objective.

PeriScope HD mapped the target E2000 sand top from the beginning of
the drain section to total depth.

Reduced possible gas cusping in horizontal well through optimized

trajectory.

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Conclusion

Smart Intelligent well technology enabled the exploitation of marginal

reserves and acceleration of hydrocarbon production through controlled
commingling of stacked reservoirs.

Use of Periscope was critical to maintaining drain-hole section within 1-3ft

TVD below the target sand top on a real time basis.

The application of both technologies have proven that marginal reserves

can be efficiently exploited to achieve production offtake goal.

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THANK YOU

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