•

MAR JNOY VECTOR ANO SCALAR MAGN!TIC INTENSITIES GENERATED

8Y AN INFIN ITELY LONG SI6ER]AN COL IU HAGN(T
St efan"'" n nov
instil ... t .. ror rund~nental I'hysics
HCl re l l C1lfc'd~a ss e 16
A- 8010 Graz, AlJS t r iil

! gi ve th e exact. mathematical cal culation Of th e M.lrl nov ~c tor and scalar

1l'd91'letfc inten s ities ge nerated by an in finitely long SHlCIl.IAN COLlU ma 9'H!t
and then I ~rc s t!nl thei r graph s 1n depende nce O~ th e angle .. hl ch the radiu s
vector t o the test cu rren t cl e ment IIIIxe s wilh the s pl11ting pla ne of th e mag-
net. By dtU d.i4hll/ .6.ur.pie e xpr: rill'C nts the re a l ity o f the IotIr i nov vecto r and
scala r lIOI9'lc ti c i ntens ities is dellOnHrated. The ""'~.t el('.fl£M/vly (09.(.(: leads
to th e (on c1 us ion tha t in <lII!I gelle riltor wo r king ., i th a s ula r IMgll!tic i nten-
sity not a Lenz but an al\.t.<.-Len l e tf~ct iIOes lPllear . Inus sucn a generator (as.
my S IBER IAN COLIO JIIilc hille') does flO.t co nsUlTll mecha nical ener"]Y but deUut,1Uo Il'e-
chan ica! (!Ac'11Y and nn be rurl as a pMpd~ moodt'.,

I. INTRODUCTION
The SIBERIA!! COLlll miI!Jl e t wh ich is the pr incipal part of lib' SIB ERIAN COlllJ /Mehi-
nes pro dllcin lj e ncr gy f ro m nothing( 1- 4 ) re pre sents tw o hal f-ci rClllar JIIil CJICts tllmed
up - down one with res pect t o the o t her (tnd bJilding thl!!. a lIfl!Jlet Of cylhdr ical shape ,
l et I' be tile cu rrent flowin g i n the lIIII.,.et 's turns, dr ' a n f:rbi trary I1ne e le-
nent, r the vector distante frtllll dr ' t o the reference point where a test cu r rent ele-
!Tent Idr is pl aced, " the mil9'letl c potential ge ner~ted by the miI!Jl et. and l' th e t o-
u l lengt h o f its wires,
If t he ha lf'cylindri c~l rr.l!T'et s are infi nitely 1009, th eir Lo rentz ve ~ t o r magne-
t ic i ntensily(5)
J
" Dr
"Jl' " dr 'x r fer = rotA (I)

101111 be eqwl to lero in the whole space arolfld t he m.lgH~t(6 ).

Also t he l.t1ittaker scala r m.l9'letic intensity(5)

S h.t . J I·tr' . r/ 2ey J ~ - (l/2)dlv A (2 )

WI L' ./
.. 111 bt! t'qUolI to zero. as t he 1!II!TIet 's circ uit is closed(5),
Tt'lLlS on ly the Marloo v vec t or an d se,l(tr IlaQlll'tic in ten s ities(S)

,~ , [, (I' dr ' x~/ dr)(r,dr/ dr )l2er J • (J)

r (I' dr' ,dr /d r)(r.tr/dr )/2cr

J ( 4)

milY be dl fferell t from zero,

Now I shall ca lc lllate these inte nSit ies and I shall show t h ~ t thH th~y, indeed,
are . in gene ral , di H ere nt fro. ze r o.
I Shall give the detailed lMthelM ti cal ct l c ulatl on only of B~ • .Jcting on a tan -
".,
Qenti al test cu rrent el enent. I. e., wtlich is pe!1lendi cul, r to i t s cyl l ndriClI rad iU$,
-
p, a nd its di~ction indicates a positive (anti -c lockwisl') rot~ t ion (as a lMtter of
r~ c l, for t~e op pos ite direc ti on. B:TkJr r e l1'llin s t he sa ~~ ).
 2

In a simil H way one can calcu late 81!1olr acting on a rad ial t est
curre nt ele~nt.
i.e., which 1; along the cyllnd ric;.sl radius wetor , and on
an appllc alia l (my ter m)
test Cllr~rH elen:o nt. i.e. , ..niell 1$ parall el to the IlI/Igne
t' s <His and pain ts in the
positi ve z-dire ction.
The sane way o f calcu lation c~ n be used to find Smar acting
on radia l, tange ntial
and appli cathl test curren t elene nts.

2. CALCUlAlIOH OF 8
mar Of AN INFINITELY LONG HALF-CYLINDRICAL WlGtlET ACTING
ON A TANGENTIAL CURRENT ELEMENT
The sp littin g plane of the SIB[RIAN COLlU llIII!Plet (see
fi g. \) will be taken In the
xz-ph ne and the cur~nt i n the s~ittin!l ~I~n. 101;11 point
to the po,lt he end of tr.e
J.-uis . Thus if lookin g from the positiY@ end of the z-uis
, ....e shall ste tile north
negne tlc pole of one of the half- circul .sr rIOl!rlets in the
fi rst .nd secord quadra nts
and the south Jole of the other half-c ircula r m~gnet in the
third and fourth quad-
rant s.
In the above formu las I shall consid er n:lW I ' as the curren
t on a vertic al unit
of length of the m.Jgnets, so that the arti trary magnet ' 5
curren t eleme nt is to be
taken in the fol'll I'dt ' ~ ' , where~ ' wi ll be the vertic al
thickn ess of the li ne el c -
rrent. In the cue of SQ \enol d!; . dz' '.Ii 11 De the th i clness Qf the wi
res a,d I' wi 11
De the curren t fl()Wing in the wires multip lied Dy the nullfle
r Qf tums Qn a un1t Qf
length .
Then 1 shall ass~ I' • 1 and c • 1. SQ that if Qn~ u l
d II1::e to haYe the e~­
pressi ons of the obtain ed inten sities in the G/llISS systC1l1,
one has to mul t iply them
by I'/c. I f Qnl! would like tQ have them in tho:: 51-sys tem,
one has to multip ly the
obtain ed ullres sions by I'/4ft, taking I' in AJr. and obtain
ing the inten siti e s in Atm ,
or by u I'/41t • 10- 71' obtain ing the inten sities In "tes\a
o ". The !fIiIgnetic inten sities
at thc cond ition I' • 1, C • I will halll! d i~nsionality "zerQ"
and will ce called
nOrll'lol li led magne tic I ntens ities. The nQI"Mll ized Marinov vecto
r and scala r !fIiIgnetic
inten sities will be denote d by B • lMor and •
SlMor
As alread y Slid, [ shall calcu la t E! .~r genera t ed by
one of the half-c ircula r milg-
nets (tllat one In the f i rst and seCQnd qU<ld nnts). The inten
sity gener ated by both
SIBERI AN COLlU ~ulf- cyHndricaJ 1!Ia!Jlets w[ll be found tllen
by siql1e addi tion.
Thus the fo l ' owing integr al is tQ be calcJl a ted
• 3
B m<lr ~ -{( dz'dr'~d r/dr)( r .dr/dr)!2r,
(5)
where S is the surfac e of thE! half- cylin dr[ul IIIlgnet.

A. CAL CUlATJQtt Of B~r GENERATEO BY THE CURRENT l~ HiE SPLITT

ING PLANE.
The aro i t rary CUrTent ellt!ll"nt dl.'dr ' , which in fig. lis
t dk cn benea th the xy-
plane , has the foll()Wing cOl"lllo nent s
dz 'dr' z (dl'dx ' . 0, 0)
16)
 - ) -
and I,ts radius ~ c tor has the follow1 ng co~onl'nt s

r ' - ( x'. 0 , l'). ( 7)

The tes t eleaen t ~ lIe~ in the ~·IJ1an.e and i t s ra dius ~ctor h.. ~ He following
c~nts
P t (pcos~ . os ;n .. . 0). (8)
Thus the ve etor distance fl"Ol1l dr ' t o clr will h~ve th e fol1crwing COlTllc nen ts

r = II - r ' ~ (oeosI) - x'. pS in<j>. - z'). ( 9)

Th e dir@ctioo i n wh ich til" poi nt s \il ll be

.r/ dl" '" (-si n~, C()!;... 0). ( 10)

The vec to r produc t in (5) has only do l-co~nen t di fferen t from zero (see (6) and
( 10 ) )
(dz'dx'i)(dr /dr).,[ . co;~dx'dz ' (lIl

The sca lar prodvc t ;n (5) will be

... dr/dr. x' Si nt. (12)

fro .. (9) we sllall have for the IIWIIqn i tudc of r

r . ( .11 ,2 _ Z.K' PCos4> ~ p2 + l.. 2)1/ 2 , ( 13)

Putting (111. (12) and (13) into (5). we c an present th e Z- COlllponent o f Bma r dS a •
double integral
(lI~r )l • - i S ntl>COH
i J x' dx' .Ldl' / ( )(, 2. 2x' pcos<j> + l- + z ,2 )3/2. ( 14 )
If l ntroduc' nq Ule notation a ~ x,2 • Zx'pco~<!J t p2 tile Int eg ra l on z ' ca n De
t aken as fa 11 ows.
Ca nst ,

and the verification can be carried nu t ~i m l ly by diff{!renti~ting the e l(l l"ession on

the r; ght.
Thus the so ' ut ion of th e integral on z ' .. ill be
2 ( 16 )
•
•
The r'el!l/lin i ng i nte ~ ra l will have th e f orn
R
(o;"r) z ~. Sin<J1CQSl'JX' dX' / ix,2 • 2X' (l(:OS~ + p
2 ). ( (7)

[ f i ntroduc ing t he notiltions x' : X, - /)(OS~ • h, p2 a c, thIs in t egra l ca n be ta-

ken as follow s
I 2
.d. ( 18 )
• .. 2bx I c

and the verifiCiltl on can be carried out by transfe rr ing th e l n tegr~l froll th e r igtlt
 . -

t o the left p~rt of the equa t ion ~nd by di 'ferenti ating the express ion on t he ri~t.
Th e i nte grll on the ri ght in eq l,/dt ion (18) un easily be take n by adding and 5o.b·
l
t ra t t l ng the tel"lll b 1n the (lerlOlllinator. obl.in in9 thus
J d~ ~ 1 ar,tdll x t b ( 19 )
i ~ Zb x.,. C (C_b 2 )1/ 2 (e _ b 2 ) 1/2

So the f i nal solutio" of the i lltegr<l l (17) is

R
~rctan
~' • p cos ~ I
plsl n"' l -R
( 05$ ( ~rc t a nR - pees" • arctanR t ~COS! ) . (20)
15i n$1 pls ln-. I plsl n~ 1

B. C"LeULATJON OF 8~r G£NERAT EO BY IHE HALF-CYU NllA IC AL CURRENT.

The arbitrary c ur~nt elerrent dz'd r '. whi ch in fig. 1 i s taken above the X,Y-pla rle,
tla's the fol1",, 109 components
dz ' . ' a (-Rsin l" (\) 'dz ' . Rcos ",,'dIj: 'dz ' , 0) (2 1)
and its radius vec tor has the fo11owlng cQmlonents
r ' . (Reos",,', Rsin,*,' . Z'). (21')

hking into ac co unt (8) an d (22) . we ob t .i n for the yecto r dist~ n ce from d.. ' tl)
d,
.. " p . .. . eo (pcOS'4I· Rcl)s,," ', psin.$· Rsl nQ', ·z· ). (23)
The vecto .. product i n IS) will have only" l·Cl)l!pont'n l diffe rent f.-om ze .. o {s~
(1(J ~nd (2 \))
I
(dz ' dr' ''dr/d r )z'' Riin{~· t·)d<l>· d.z'. ('24 )
The s ~ l ar produc t i n (5) wi l l be

.. . dr/dr ~ Rsinl1> · t ') . (25 )

From (23) we shBlI l'Iave fo r t he RIIC11itudf o f r

r · ( R2 • 2(lRcos(1>' .~) + l t l,2)1/2 . (26 )

Putting (24) , (25) and (26) int I) (5), we can pres ent t he z·co""POnent cf S" 4S a
~,

dolb le in tegral (fo r co nven ience the arglOllnt of si n" was chanqed from 41_ 41' t o .,' • .,)

(B~r )z · 2
- (R"/2)jdo;o' jSi n"( +'- Ifo) dz' /( R - 2" RCDS( "" - <I»
, - 0
+ 0
2 I 1,,312. (27)

Tl'le i ntegral on z' ca n be taken i n t he sa~ way as above i n slilsec t ion A.

The relMln lng in t o g"'iOJ will hJve th<! forn
,
R2 fSi n2(~' ·Ij) Ih'J(R2 -
(B:ar )z = -
, 2" II(os(Ijo' -1') t ,,2 ). (28)

2
Wr i ti ng si n"{. ' -.) " I· COS (4I '·H. we c~n p~sen t this i ntegr al in the fo rm
 - ,-
R
, 2 2,
icos«)' - O)d~' P "'R f #'
" , 4pZ 0
(29 )
and the ici!ntity of formIJla s (26) ~nd (29) can b~ est~h l ished by reducing (29) to ~
COImlOn denominator.

The seco nd dnd third integrals in (29) a re ele rren ta ry. If we swstH~te In the
first in te gral b .. ,,2 -t 11 2 , c .. - ZpR , x .. or' - O. it c~n be taken ~c(ordi n g to t he
fOnllllh

( 30)

Tile valid ity o f fo r mula (lO) can be Yenfied by the swstlt utl on ta n (~21 '" t.
i.e. , COH. " ,(I-t 2 )/(h-t 2 ). dK " l dt /( ht 2 ). and by rt'duc ln g It thu s to an i ntegra l
of A rAtional flWlctio n or s lJ!1l 1y by diffe renthting the riljlt side.
Thus we obt~in for the f i r st i nte gra l (29)

; , - 7"'!'-'_____ • Z arctan(P+R1Ztan{( t'-,1121 n ( 31 )

o 02 -t ~ • ZpRcos(t' -,) .} - 1\2 ,,2 - R2 0

an d the inte grat io n of t he wtl ole fOrflilul a (29) leads to th e followin g final resul t
•
(BtMrl z ..
pZ _';
2 l arctan( ptl\ cott .. arctar1
pooR 2
~
,,·R
hot) _
'l
R 5 i 1'1 $ • 11
p 4
Lt
,,'l
R'l. (3'l)
1,
(8:"r) z generated by the whole half-cyl indr ica l lM'1'et will be giVC! I'I )Y the sum
of ('l0) and (32) .

l. THE M.\RINOV VECTOR AND SCALA!! MAC;~TIC INTENSITI ES GENERATED BY AN

INFIN ITELY LONG UAL F-CV L!NDRICAL ~GNE1
In II si milar way as i n sect. 2. we ca n calculate B~" C tin 9 on r~di~l lind applica-
t lal c urrent e le ~nt5. ~ s we ll as S ~r actin.,. on radia l , tangential and appllc a th l
curr ent ell)lll!n ts. Easily can be secn th at B and S acting on appliCol tial test
IlIar Il1IIr
current e lt'flle n: are null. Also Sm;lr acti n g 01'1 radial test cur rellt ele.rellt is Il ull.
Here ""c, h recapitu l.nioll . t he M4rinov 111i19I'If!tic inlellsities wh ich a re differen t
from zero
MARINOV VECTOR MAGHETIC IN TENS ITY

A. TlIn~nt hl test curre nt elerrent

~. A.ct lon of the c urre nt in the cyli ndrica l s urfa ce

arctll n'f'!B. tanin ..

'p -R ..
!P sill'; ( 33 )

b. Action of the currerl l ill the splitti ng planc

= I sin(2:Jo)ri ln R" + 2p RcOS4-+ p" _ C\)!;o) (aretai'll!; .. pe as, *

2 l' 112 - 2n1!caso)f ,,'l r S·n~ 1 plsin. r
 - . -

B. Railh l test curre nt ele ~nt

a. Ac t ion o r the c urrent ;, th e cyli ndr lc~l s urfa ce

,)) !!.,
tan i I 51 11<1> ( 35 )

b. Act ion of l he c urrent h the split t i ng plane

arctanR I PCOS41)
pl Sll'lf1
(" )

MAR JNOV SCALAR MAGNETI C INT ENSITY

A. Tange ntia l tC $t cu rrent ele!Tl)nt
a. Action o f thl! c urren t ir the cylindri cal s urfa ce

s·
~,
,"
In 2 (37)

b . Ac t ion of tile cu rren t in tile s pl itting phllle

S· • si n 2",{.!. ln~2 - ZpRcost I l ·t COS4> (.srctan R t (lCos. I

ucun R - ':ncos. 1I (lS)
2 +- ZIlRcos .. I p2 ' si~ 1 p ls ;n", '
ftI!If" 11.
plsl n.. '
,I
Fo r a quic\; e ~41uBt i oo of the se i nten si tie s to scc wh ic h arc null and wh ic h are"'
the signs of the component s (resLlecti ~ e 1y. of the values) of the non- u rn intf'n~i ­
ti es , by making calculation "on the fin ge rs", very profitable 1s f 1g. 2.

4. THE MARINOY VECTOR AND SCALAR MA~N[TT ( INTENSITIES GEMERATeD BY AN

IMFIMITElY LOMG SIBERI AN COl lU MAGNET
Ihese in tensi t ies can be ulcuhled fl"'OlII t he intensities generated by the ha lf-
cyli ndri ca l nlillI'let accord i ng to t he rormula

IntenS(<I» : Intcnsh_c( <I» - Intens h _c(oio t ll) + 2 InlenS _ ( iI» . (39)

s p
wh ere lnten s h _ c is generated by the c urn: nt i n the half-cylindri,al pa rt of the m.l 9-
ne t and lnte ns s _ p is gener~ted by the cu rren t i n it&. spli tt i ng p l ~ n e (se~ Sec t . 6) .

S. IHE KARINOV nCTOR MAGNETIC INln;ITY GENERATED BY AN INfi NIT ELY

LONG CYLINDRICAL MAGNET
Fo r such a M+:'Iet the ""'dnav scalar m.l!}1etic i ntens i ty is zel"'O. Only the M.:Ir ino v
vecto r lIIII!1Ietic in t ensity i s di fferent fr~ zel"'O. It is to be calc ula ted as fo ll ows;
 7

(40)
If looking f~om the positive end of the z-axi s we 5ee the north po le of the cy-
l i ndrical .agoet, t ile normalized z-componen t of the Marinov vecto r rm.gneti c intensity
'11111 be:
A. Ta ngential test current e lement
(B" ) ~ _ TIR2;p2 ( 41)
~"
B. R~di al test CJ rrent e l eme nt
(42 )
Let me note that when calculati ng the SJm of two arctang~nts. ore ha s to pay ",lten-
tion wheth .. r t he produ ct of th@lr a r9lJ1'l'K!nt~ 1~ l e~~ Q,' more than un1ty and on" mu st
use the re ~pec tiw formu la .
Let me note al so to th e following inter'f!sting ~sult;
If we chdnge the direction of t he test cu r r(' nt ele rren t , dr , to t he opposite,
(8- ) does r.o t change its s i'1l. If, hawe'ler. we chan~ the dire ction )f the cur-
mar z
re nt in the so lenoid, i.e., the directions Of all current e lements dr ' to t he oppo-
site, (8~ ) chan ges its sign. Meanwhile both these changl:! s le ad to id~ntical re-
na r z ~ -
s uits . This seemi ng paraoox i s to be solved in t he followin g way: The rn'Ignetic intc n-
si ty does not e xist in N~t ure, it exiS t s on ly 1n our he ads. Of impo r ta nCl:' is only
th a t if changi ng the dire c t ion of the test c ur re nt ele~n t to the op posite, the force
act ing on it changes its s i gn, as it fo llows fr om t he Lo~ntz-Marinov e~uation(S~
The force changes its si gn also i f changi n_ t he direction of the current in the so le-
noi d.
6. THE GRAPHI C DEPE ND ENCE or B If'dr
~ AND S,·,.•
u .
_ ON ANGL E ~
The depc nclen~sof • •
(Bma r}z a nd Smar on the angle oj) which the radius vector of t he
t es t current el eme nt makes with the x-a xi s are givE"Il in fig s. 3-8. In f igs. 3-6 there
are th £> grophs of (B:ar) z and in figs. 7 and B there are th n graphs of <;" r
Figs . 3 and 4 are for a t~n!)ential test c urre nt £> Iement, wh ile figs. 5 and 6 are
for a radial test curre nt eleTTl,!nt. Figs. 7 and 8 are for a tange nLial t est curn:mt
eleITl?nt (Smar for a radial test c urrent elemnt is zero).
Graphs 3, 5 ant! 7 a~ fo r the intensities ll!! Tl era t ed by one hal f-cy lindri cal oog-
net , while graph s 4, 6 and 8 are for the intensities gene rated by th e SIBERIAN CQIU
maf'let.
In fig s. 3 , 5 and 7 the c urv e 2 is for tile intensity gl:!ncratcd hy t he current i n
t he ha1f-cy l indr ic~l part of the TTI.'Ignet . cu rve 3 is fQr t he intensit_y ~ n erated by
the curre nt 1n t he sp lit ti ng plane and c urve 1 i s th~
su m Of t hese two i ntensi t ies.
All gr~pIls are produced on a cn mputer proceedin!) rr"Q II' LII" fu rrnulds i n s.,ct . 3.
It is obvious th at t he sp l itling pla!le nust be a plane o f sYnTll;'try for the inten -
sities (a nd of a cOT1llle t e sy~ t ry for tile SIBERIfIN COL IU ITIlgnet) . As t he graph~ s how
these sYllllE tri es . this i s an indication thot no error has s lipped into th~ fot'l1l\ll as
during t heir crdlXtion. All g ra ph ~ ar~ CJ I (u l ~ted fo r pjR • 1. 2.
 - 8 -

7. COO Cl US ! O~ S
I Sllowed (6 ) that th e right equation in electro m 6~lo=tis ITI is nl.l t Ule traditio n~l lo -
ren t z equation, which call Lhe Lorentz-Grass lIldn n eq uation, but lhe LOr1!ntL-Mi:l.ri nov
equal ion
([glob .. - cgrad <f> - ,",/~ t • '1"8 + 'I S , ( 43 )
where 4> is the e lect ri c poten tial , A is tll~ lM'1letic potentia l and
B .. Bi er t BlMr , S '" ~hit + Srm r (" )
are t he vecto r and scala r IIll\1lCt; C in t ens it ies. I cal l [ gl ob global elec tri c Inten si-
ty and the fOLr ttrlllS on the ricj1t. respec t h ely, COulO nb, l ran sfo r"Jer. ve clo r-mil.\1Ie-
ti c and sca lar4ndgnetlc elec t r i c Intensiti es.
One lMy pose the Q~sliof\; ltow was h ~ssibl e that d",rfng so IIliIny yea r s hllMnit)'
has not noticed that i t s foodftlTl!n tal e ll!ctromil.lJ1etic eqU<ltion is IO ran g?
Th e answer is the following: Only In "sophisticated" mag-wI; e sys tems (sucll as my
SIBERIAN COL lU magnet) c~ n one rellt:al t hat hesicl!J s th e Lo re nl~ ve ctor !M~lICti c

intens ity, 8 10r ' ther!' is also t>\ilrlnov ve c to r rr.l91etic inten s ity, 8 mar . On the other
sioe, t he sci enti f ic cOlll'1\oo i ty has "a t paid at tenUon a"d has pu t under. the rug the
cla ss i ca.l e .per i me" ts o f Hlerlng(7) ca rried out at t he beginn l " g o f the centLIry where
longitud l" al forces acti "g on the , ur rent eleme" ts have been obse r ved. An d on ly s uch
fo r ces give in di cation fo r the exis t ence of the Wh it taker and l1ar"inov s calar magne t ic
I ntensit ies .
E~erybody ~ nows that ·oocollfor t",b le- eXpI'rill'(!nts are not to be pu t unde r the rug.
Nt> l th e r uncomfor table fO nllul& 5. But Show me ~ te "tbook on elec t nl ma gne t lsm published
in the las t ye ars wh ere Grass lIIilnn ' s formula i5 e ) p l icitly written!
I ca nn ot ab ;. t~i n from the sedl,lCUon tu cit!' the folll1W i n g lines fro m tieri ng' s ar ~
tl c le(7) wh en it, piblication wa s twi ce dec l ined:
In one case pool1catlon wa s at first re f used on the ground thal if the e xper i-
IlI!n t a l et i c!ence was co r re c t , whith was eas i ly OellOflstrated . i t was so se r ious
a ...alte r t o changE' one o f t he older laws , that it ough t t o be kept secret! In
.w o the r : ase the refusal WIlS beca u ~e it wa s ·so s wversi ve of lon g e~tablished

pr i nc i ples ·, the age of Ule law bei ng t onsidered.rorE' i.,o rt~n l t han i t s to r -
rettnes s .
And if i t WJS diffi c ult t o tI'Irl1W l ne Lo rentz equat ion o ver b05rd ~t tM be gi nning
o f the ce ntury, wh ich will be thl' diff ic ulties .It the end o r the cen tury!
But lj e r i ng had no t th e eqlJ.ltio n wh ic h h~d to re~lace th e Lorentz equ~tjo n . have
it . AI'Id Her i ng had not the l' ~epri rrent s wn ien r have . Ne ither lierin g Hb mitted a pa-
per thirty till~s untit pllbll s hing it. as I 00.
My eJqle r i lfl'1t s prod uce mira cles: th ey vi aJa te the laws o f co nservu ion. l radi-
l io ns, es tolb l h hed vi t"ll S, ·ol der h ws· cannJt res ist ag.linst ..Ira cles. Wlo !oIou ld go
t o hellr the speeches o f Jesus OJrl~t and follow his teach ing . hlld he not produced
wine of water. hld I produce so rething fr()fll noth i ng!
 - 9 -

Tile most I ..,o r ~a nt di sco very t o which I caire (thh "discovery " h t he TOOst elClII('n ~
tary resu l t to wh ich e very lo gi ca l ly think i ng ch il d (.;)n come p roceedin~ from
e QUilt i on (43 :1 ;s that i n t he e lectromagnet i c I1Id.ch i ne s working wi th S*IM!Jlet ic i nten -
Si ty (suc h an! ~ m.lc hine ~ which hU11\iIn;ty builds) the Lorentl ve ctor
magnet ic In t enSily le3d; to a Lcnz e ffe ct .... hl le i n th e ele<:tro.lgrM!t ic machines
work i ng wi th S·fJI.l!Jle ti l: i nten si t y (s uch i s my SIBERIAN tOlIU .... chine(l- 6 1 j the
lotIittak.er and MIIrinnv sc alar 1M.9I1et ic intens ities lead to an ~ti-Len2 e ffect. SO
II B-gerlerato r brakes i ts rotati oll wh en prod uc ing electric current. wh ile an S-gclle-
rator s ~po rt;, i t s rota tion wilen produc ing e lectri c current.
I wor~ ;activ~'y to run m,y ,""chine SIBERIAN COLIU oS d perpetuum IIIObl1e(1- 6).
The prob lems whi ch I !leet "re on ly techrti c ~1. i.e., fi nancia l. '" fi nIln: 1a 1 possi -
bil it ies are l i mi~d, as I finance ey whol e ac t i vity froll my own pocket-and thus the
running Of the SIBeRIAN CQLJU generator as ~rpetuum ""blle ~y dehy.
Let I!'e not~ llla t to e,.palin the appearance of tte an t i- Ll!n~ effect i n an S-lrfIchine
Is much Jll)1'1! s iR1)le tllan to e;tph i n the appearan ce o f the Len~ e ffe ct 1ft a B- lI\Icll i ne .
LDO kin g Bt the Lore n tz-Marino~ equati on (43), one sees illm!diately that for the ex-
pl anat i on of the f~ c t ioning of a B- lMcll i ne one needs three fi ngers, wlli le for t he
explanation of tile f\.ll1cti on; ng of an S- lII:). chine one needs one finger ,
Let. for example, ~ JO+Ila ln tile fl,ll1ctioning of i,I 8- generator and of an S- generat o r:
B-genera t o r.
Let us li mY(! before us a hori.;!ontal pi ece of wire going r ill t-left wh ich ra s at its
both ends s liding contacts , building a closed loop with tile re s t of the cl/e uit, Le t
uS ~tII>l"l $e that the vl!cto r lIIa!J1etic rntens l ty, B, is also horizonta l ~nd poirts awa,)'
fl'Oll us , If PIIO .. Ing tile wi re elelll?nt upwards, the third tl!NII In eqlldtion (43) indi ca-
tes that we hi,l"e to put the first finger of our r i~t hand along the! directiorr yf rm-
t lon (upwards) , the second fi nge r a long the vector ma!fICti c i ntens ity (hor i l onta lly
/lWay fr'{lill us ) .od we slrall obh in that the Induced current will fl ow along the wire
e le!T'en t in the dire ctio n of o ur third fi n gc ~ (to the left).
Th is 1nduced c urren t will i ntera ct with the lIolCJ1etic rie l d and a91ln . ccord ing t o
tire third term i n l'q uation (43 ) we have to ~ ut now Hr l! first ringer of our rl11t hand
~I o ng the induced c urrent (t o the left) , t he second fi nger a long the yec tor 1I1ol~t1 c
i ntel'lsity (away fro .. us ) .nd the! wi re 's nu tion will lie a long Ure third f' n!)er ...tIlth I s
at ril1t ~ngle~ wit h r('spe ct to th e fi r st tlolO (dow fJW ards). Wh i ch ;s thus the re s ult? -
we rooved lhe Wll'(! IfIwards but tire i nduced c urrent pushes it downwards , I.e., the i ndu-
ced c urrent ~ses the ""tl on .
S-genc rator .
Here tile picture h even more simple . Let us have a91 i n befo re us a h) r i lonUI
piece of wi re 1<h ic h ha s a t its bo lll ends sli di ng contac t s , build i ng a c losed loop with
the rest of tlr~ circ uit. Let us suppo se t M! the sca lar magneti c inte nsl: y, S, is po-
 - 10 -

sHi ve. If moyi ng the wire e l e ~nt t o the le ft. the fo urth te nn i n equat ion ( 43) i n-
dica te s th. t we have t o put th e firs t finger (o r the seco nd, or tile th i rd ) alon g t he
di re c t ion of n:J tiOn (to tM left ) and the in duce d current will f low In the di rec t io n
poi nted by the fi nge r ( to tM e left ).
This indu ce d curn!nt wi ll i nterac t wi th : he positi ve s ca la r ""' 9'letlc inte nsity and
again a ccord i ng t o lhe fourth te nn in e quat' on {43J we hne t o put now ou r f inger
a lon g the i nduced cu rrent ( t o the left ) and the wire 's mtlon wil l be along the fin-
qer (to the left) . ltiich i ~ thus the re s ult ? - WI:> moved lhe wire t o t he left and the
i nduce d current pushes i t <l lsn tn the left, I. e . , the i nduce d current SUfFlO rt s the
mo t ion.
Thi s 15 the ... hole the0.!:l. Of rw perpetual rro tio n mIIch i ne SI BERIAH CCK.I L.
Besides in k>fs. 1-6, [ show also in -.y re cen tl y publi s hed artic l es (S) , (g) t he lo-
g ical and maUemat ic ally rigorou s way to arriv e at the right equation in electromag -
net ism, t he Lorentz-Harinov equa tio n. proc ee d i ng from t he ax io~t i cal e~ at io ns of
Cnu l Ollb and He!..ann defin ing. re spectivel y, the e l ec tr ic and magnet ic l!fIergies o f bin
e lectric c harges (I. q' , mov i ng ... ith velocities v, 'I ', and separated by, distan ce r

Usqq'/r. W~ qq ' 'l . 'I , ,C' r , ( 45)

The the ory i s extremely si mple and its only trick is t he IItIst natural and l ogi~al
Symaetr i zatlon of the lorentz magnetic; fo rce ... h ic h. as it is we ll ~nOlojn, v io l ates New-
t on ' s th ird l aw. The sylm(! t rized Lorentl force , whi c h can be ca l le d the Loren t z-Had-
no~ force. accord i ng to which two moving charges act one on an other with equjl and
opposite ly dirtc led forces . le a ds iflllll'd i ateb to thP three magnetic lnten,i t ie s Bmr'
$wh i t, ~r' a~ we l l as t o the Lore nll mag1et lc i nte ns ity I l or .
Now I Shall de s cribe so me s imple experirrents demon s tr<l.ting th e phys i cal real1tyof
the Mar \ n o~ vec t or a nd sca la r IIIiI grtet k i nt e1si ti es .

8 . DP ElI IMfNT"L VE~I F I C ATJONS

A. [XPfRIMENTS f OR lH E OEHQNSTRA llON OF ~r'
As fn rllUhs (4 1). ( 42 ) (lnd the f i r s t fOrn.Jh ( 44 ) s how , th e ve c ta .. lRa ~neti c inte llSity
generated by a very long cylindri cal IMgnet (so lenoid) is not null . Ac co '"<llng t o offi-
cial ph ysics , however. it IlU s t be nu ll . a s ~ c co rd \ ng t o off icial phys ics t he vec tor
mag net ic i nten s ity, B, i s ('!J\Jo) 1 on ly t o the Lor e ntz lIIa gne tic i nt e ns ity , Bl or> whi ch fo r
a ve ry lo ng cylindri ca l ma gnet i s null(6 ) .
Obvinusly , nobody M S not ic ed that if IMbn g lo nge r and 10n9(! r cy l ioor ical c ni is.
t he f o rce a cting on a I'Ia gnetlc need l e te nd s not t o ze m . but to it co n, U"t. v<l l u@ . I
demonstrated thi s e ffect by ca rryin\! out e~~c riment s with a SIB ERIAN COLlU rrugnct co -
veret1 by t wo h ~ lf -spher icli l cap5 o f IllUllletill (see fi g. g) In o rde r t o con(entrale th e
Lnrentz PllIgnet i;; intens ity. Blo r ' I n t he me tal <lnd t o lea ve outs ide onl y the Harinov
 - 11 -

vector mllgnet ic Intensi ty , Bmar , It is of no Importa nce >lhether lher~ is a c yl indri-

cal or a hlllf-cylindrica l IMgnet . li S Bl or in the out er s pace of a ha lf-cylind r ica l
III<Ignel al so t~nds t o ze ro. The actio n of the second M lf-c yli ndri cal m.lgnet in the
SI BER IAN CO LIU magnet , >lh ich i s turned up-down >li th r es pect t o th e half-cylindrical
IIIII gne t near >lh ich we are measuring the actio n of t he ftl gnet ic i ntensltJ S, is more
feebl e a nd c') n be neglected. We neg l ect al !oO the ')clion of the c urrent s in the ml.une tal
ca ps . Thus although the eKperimen ts >lhich I carr i ed o ut >lere >lith a SI8[R! AN COlIU
magn e t . the same effec t s to be observed if there WH a very l on g cyl i nd ri cal coil
( furthe r , f or clarity, I s hall s peak about 1I very l ong cyli l'ldr1 cal co i l).
NI)W I shall s how that onl y the ma gnetic Inte ns it y (H), wh ic h I shall denote by
(Bmarltan.lIct s effectively on 1I magnetic needle, whil e the acti on of t.h ~ nI(I gnetic in -
ten s ity (4 2) . on lc h I s hall de not e by (Bmll r)rad' i s nu ll .
le t us l lN gl ne, for 51 .. pl icity . that the IIIiIgnet ic. need le is 1I bar nta9ne t with a
re ctllOgular c ross -section much le ss th an the Circular c ro ss - sect i on of t he cyl l nd ri -
c~l coi l (fig. 9). l et us Incline. the tlar Ilegnet from its yert ical posl :lon In an
ula l phlne. I. e., i n a plalle co nt illini ng the a~ \s of the infinite ly lon9 c yli ndr i cal
coil ( 111 the ca se o f ~ SIBER IAN COI L magnet. th i s H ial phne 15 perpendicu l ar t o the
c utting plane, so th at the bar magn et Is in a "synmlltrl cal pos ition"). Suppo se that
two opposite currents i n the ba r ' s c ross -section are perpendicula r t o t lte nl,)t pl ane,
and the otl~r two op pos ite c ur ren ts lie in t o.o near t o eac h othe r uial pll1l1es. We
can deco mpo se the latt er c urrents i n hortz e,ntal a nd ve rtical components. The fi r st,
ob~i ous ly, >lill be r adi al cu r rents. whi l e the II\3gnetic act ion on the othe r , wh ich
wi ll be a ppll u ti a l . wil l be nul l. The fOn:i! s act in g on the rad i,l c urrEnt s wi ll be
cau sed by ( B"'~r)rad and for ~ny two oppos it' c urr@nt s in th e b~r '$ c ro ,, - sec tion wi ll
be equal ~ nd o ~pos\tely di rected . Thus a tor que >1 111 be product!d only by the f orce s
acti ng o n the bar's c urrent s Wh ic h a re pe rpendic ul ar t o the ax ial ph ne and wh ic h al
inc l inat io n of the bar ~ g n e t re!!lllin a lwa ys ho rizontal. These c urrents, ob\io us l y .
are tangential cu rrent s . The torque ~ctin g on these c urrent s can be e~pla l hed i n th e
salle way as i f (Bmar ) tan >loli ld be s ubsti t ute d by Bl or having the same val ue a nd dl ·
rec t io n. Thus t he acti on Wh ic h I observed in fig. 9 wa s e )(')ct l y the SlIIIE! whi c h
a ~ eyl Indrica l coil Md toproduce as 810r and (~ar)tan generated by a eyl indri cal
magnet have the sa me d i re ction .
In -.y SIBCR IAN COlI U 1IIoI.9oot the Lorentz t!\II gnet lc i ntensi ty Bl a r \<laS co ncent ra ted
In the meta l of the IM gl1e t bu t the f orc e >lh ic h I obse rv ed t o """ l nt !in th~ mlgneti c
pro be in parall el to the magnet OIl\ S pretty strong. When putting two SIBnl /l N CQ W
ma gnets (o r t o ~ m l e ngth e ll eh) one over t he ot her (fig. t o) the t orque rent.l in ed e u ct -
Iy the u ...... I f t hi$ torq ...., WIIS prod .... " d by 81 0 r wh lCfl s tl l l re.aained in the outer
S!)6ce. the to rq ue had t o dinlini s h . ThiS wa s ~n indi cati on that the torque ac ting on
the magnet ic pro be \0 $ dUe t o the I'oIr i Mv vec t or ma~ etic intensi t y (Bma r) t.an'
In th is e~perf men t , hoWever, al \0y s a do ubt remll ins th at ! hll ve o b~r~ed the ac·
 - lZ -

tion of Bl or .. hi ch still ..as B ~Bi labl e ill t he outer Spilce

of the SI BER IAN COLIU INg-
net . I t hus re al i zed t hat t o III<Il:.e a c l'\lci~ l e llper il!lE!nt, J
h~d to obs",,...,e the di ffe rent
act io n of (8 IlO1r )t all and (!lmar)rdd ' Ind eed, the d irect io n of
(Bm., r) t an was the u.e as
the direc t ion or Bl or • hut t he di re ct ion of {lmar1ra d wa s
opposi te to th e di rec t ion
of 8 10r ' As fig s. 4 and 6 sMw. this 15 tn,e al so for the SIBERI
AN COl IU II1i'Ignet. Thus
I hol d to ac t .,.it h these t wo intenS ities nct on a INgIlCt but
on pieces of wi re , I .e .•
on c urren t ele ment s .
Plv) totogr a(:hsa two s uch e xpe ri men ts a re presen ted in figs. 11
.nd 12.
In fig . 11 I had a loos e wire wh ic h WH tange nthl to my SIBERI
AN CCLIU magnet and
pa ra lle l to l:s c utting ph ne, Thu s the wire' s el_n ls whi
ch pa ssed near the III/I gnet
were ungen t ;.1 ol l!m<lnt s. Til<! devia t i on of t he Ifire when curren
t of aDOO t ~ A "H sent
throug h it ..as In the sa me dir ec tion as in t he ca Se where
there s hould be a s hort cy-
lindri cal IMgnet produc i ng on ly a Blo r-f i e l d.
In fig. 12, however, I had a wire which wa s rad ia l to my SIBERI
AN Cll.lU magnet UI ~
perpen d icular to it!. c ult i ng plane . The part of the wire ~ac
hi n9 tile Re gnet WolS fixed
to tile htt er and tne radial part of the wire ..as loose. When
sendin g c~rrent of about
5 A throug ll the 'oIire. I observ ed that the dev iati on 'oIaS i n
a di rec ti on "ppos i t e t o the
di rect ion of dev ia t i on in the case 'oIlIcre t he re should be a
short cyllnd~iclll magnet
produ cing o nly a Bl o r- rlel~.
Till !. WoJ$ a cruc ial IlItper i-ent in~ i clltin9 that I have obse rved
not the act io n o f a
Loren tz magne tic intens ity which event uall y hil s remained in
the outer siI/IC e of my 51 -
BER IAN COllU ~agl'l@t, but th e act ion of (B ) rad.
mar
S ~ch mea s urements , obvio usly. can be done
only with a SIBERIAN COLlU magnet or \Oith
a lo n9 cyl1 ndrico l ma gnet. If the cy l indr ical -agn e t i s ~
, Its Bl or -i ntensl ty will
preva i l ove r th e ( Bmar l rad - int~ si ty a nd one wi ll he unable
to observ e the 0p P9si te,
i .e . • (Bmar l rad- i ntens lty.

B. EXPERIM(NTS FOR THE O(MON STRATION OF Smar '

The act ion of t he ""'rl nov sca la r Ma gnet ic i ntensi ty . ~ r'
Is demo ns trated in .ny
ex pe rimen t where a sy~t(!rII of closed Cllrren t \Oires ac t s \OHh
longit udina l force s on
c urren t elelllCf1ts. The ac t ion of the wn i tta~er mgn et ic i nt
e ns ity, Swt.it' Cd n be demon -
st ra ted o nl y i f the curren t wi re s a re not cl osed , for IIxampl
e If we observ e the mag-
net ic ac t lo n of a wi re a lo ng wh ich a di\.c harge c ur rent flO'ols
fr om One big mlt t a l
s phe re to lIlIOt, er bi g meta l sptle re (as I s hQ'ol ed e ~ p(!r i ment
a ll)fil. "diS P hC i!!T\ent curren t -
i s ~ c ur re nt ) .
Thus a ny l ong it udi nal motio n of 1I c urrent e lement caus ed by
t he ma gneti c ac t ion of
clo~c d c i rcuits i ! dUll! ttl til" dct ion of th e Manno
v seal. r m.lgn et ic intl'll s it y ~r '
AS .l ready nentio ned in Sect. 7. fir st H2r1 ng (7) has obse rved
lon gitudf n. l ..t ion
of c urren t elenen ts . In th e la st d02 en of yea r s th e bes t and
ve r satil e e ~perlments on
lo ng i tudi na l MOt ion Of c urre nt el eme nt s hav~ been car r i ed
out by the Sibe r i an phys l -
 13 -

cist Genadi Nic ohe~. The roost impor tant eight Ni(olile~'s exper
iment s, about _h ich
read In his typed -anog raph(I O). are de!.(. ribed in Ref. 6.
In f ig. 13 h presen ted the cross - snct'o n of t~ eighth Nicola
ev's Hperi rrent:
The SIBER !6.N tOLIU IIIIIgnet (the name is propos ed by IDe fOl" hOllOu ring the wo rk of
Nicolaev) Is feeded by cu rrent from a batter y. Around the SIDER IAN
COlIU magnet lhere
is a ring wh ich up and down ~ s slid ing ccnta cts and can rotate
about the axis of the
IMgne t. The ring ;s indica ted by "1", the half-c ircula r magne
t wl 1h north pole up by
"2" and the h~1f-c in:: u1ar nIa!J'lel ,. ; tl'l south pol e up by "3".
When ~ndjng curren t In
Ole Indi cated direc tion. the forces r se t lhe ring In rotati
on. The for -
ces of reacti on f' act on the magnet with ,Irl oppos ite torque
.
Nicol aev h~ s obsel"'tleo only t.hls ~or dfec t whi <;-h 6c<;or<;lin9
to aff1ci~l pll.l'~i<:5
canno t exist , as accord ing to the wel1·knO'o'n Loren tz equ~ti
on the m~goetic force ac·
ting on a currel lt elemellt .ust be perve ndi:ul ar t o the latte
r and thus a ci r cular
curre nt wire canno t be set in rotati on.
I observ ed also the gene r ator effec t: When rotati ng the rlllg
ill 3 direc ti on lndi·
cated by the forces f , a curnm t i n the direct ion i ndicat ed
In the f'gun! was induce d.
These roto r and gener ator effec ts can il'Wllediately be ellp1a
ined by til! fourth te ...
i n equat ion (43) and tak i ng i nto accou nt f i g. 8. The experi
ment s hows t~us that the
induce d curre nt suppo rts the rotati on and doc s not oppose
i t, as Is the case in
all electro lWgne t i(: machines work i ng with the vec t or IIilgne
t ic inten sity 8.
The f..i!:!!. experirrH:!nt with wh ich 1 lIIade these Observ at ions
is s hown in rigs. 14 and
15: The SIBERIA N COLIU IIIol glll' t is s urroulldf!' d by 6 pl e)(igh ss
trou gh rilled with mercu·
ry to whi Ch curren t is condu cted frQIII a 7.2 v Ni·Cd acc lJlllUl
ator. I did not use the
poUlltiOfl'letric 'Me rt ion of the driv ing te, :.illn indlC6 led
in ttg. 14. In lIlY e)(per i-
ment (fig. 15) the left switch switd ed 011 and off the drivin
g ten sio n, while the
r ig ht sO/itch served for s hort· circu1 tl ng or inte rru pting the
curren t. W' th t he meo$ -
ta t Oil the rig1 t the fflsiSu flCe of the Circu it wa s chang ed.
The mercury came into rotati on at a cu rrent of some 4Q A,
however the rotati on was
not lalll l\ilr . Thus I put a coppe r ring to swl. in the mercu
ry (611 eMct (Uplic olte of
this ring ca n be seen at the r ig ht side of the photo graph ).
Now at some 40 A thc cop·
per ring ro t ated smoothly with a coupl e of revolu tiolls in
a second . The resist ance of
lhe In)rcury trough O/ith the coppe r ring wa s 0.25 mil. The ind
uc ed tensio n at s low ro. )
toltlon of the r ing til' a stick Insert ed in a small hole In
the r ing wa s ~Ioout
0. 1 lilY.
The Smar· lntens ity in the merc ury trough ca n be su bs tant ial
ly i n c re~ i f we -ake
a doubl e SI8[R IAN COLIU maqne t, consl st;lIg of a cyl indric al
SI8ER IAN COL IU magr1Ct and
of d ~ SI BERIAN COLIU magnet around it (fi9. 16) . The magne
tic inten sities &mar
and Smar gene r <ted by an i nfill i tely long ring SIBER IAN COl
lU magnet (B
are null) can tc ca lculat ed in ~ si milar way as for the cy lor a nd Swhit
lindri Cal one. In Ref. 11
I show how lhe signs of Smar gcner ated by a ring SIBERIAN COLIU
magnet i n the space
 - 14 -

surrounded by the magnet can be estab l ished by th~ h ~ lp of ~ery si mple considera-
tions.
If the cu rrent flows ~s indic~tedin fia. 16, fCyl will be the force with which
the c ylindrical magnet will act on the metal ring flowing in the mercury in the troul1
be t ween the cyl indrical and rin g magnets, and f ring will be the force ... ith whi ch the
ring magnet will act. The signs "t" and "- " indicate the signs of Smar at the respec-
t i ve space don~in s .
As both the cyli ndri cal and ring magnets ~ct with forces pointing i n the same di-
rection, I call thi s the co-mo~lng arrangeroent of the double SIEERIAN CCLIU magnet.
In figs. 17 and 18 is pre se nted my double cO-ITIO~ing SIBERIAN COlIU machine with
mercury tn)ugh ~nd a metal rotor irrmersed in the mer<:ury and suspe nded on an a~le.
The Blor-i ntensity is co ncentr ated in the iron of the magnets by the help of the low-
er disk ~nd t he upper disk and ring of soft iron. The outer diameter of the ring mag-
net is 80 rml.
If the rotor will be rotated by one ' s fingers, as it is s hown in fig. 18, the cur-
rent induced ' n the ring c ircuit S itself ~ia the mercury Which is at re st. As in the
mercury the current flows in a direction opposite to the direction of the current i n-
duced in the rotating ring, the mercury cores into an opposite r<ltation, i.e., not
in a rotat ion whi ch will be due to till! mechanical friction f orces. Thi s motion of the
mercu ry can be obse rved by the help of a mirror as sho .... n ;n fig. 18 . If we set in thi s
way the mercury in rotation, and we brusquely stop the rotor l ea ving it immediately
free , it conti nues to rotat e in the initial direction, as now the current induced in
in the mercury circuitS itself via the rotor at rest and this cur rent sets the rotor
in r otatio n oPpo5itc to that to which the mechanical friction force" havc to set it.
As t he ohm'c resistance of the mercury ~nd the mechani cal friction ~re too high,
the self-accelerating torque cou ld not ove rwhelm the friction torque. Besides the me -
chanical friction torque the"," is also a braking torque due t o the B-intensi ty. In Refs.
11 and 12 J report on t he different uti fices wh i ch I di din order to dec rea se the
eddy B-curr ents and their braking torque. ~e~erthelllss the machine could not be run
as a )X'A.)lUuLul I!IJb il.!'..
Muc h more prospective is the SIBERI AN COL IU magnet in the cou nter -moving arrange- ~
ment shololn in f ig. 19. Now sl id ing contacts are not necessary and the mtal rotor
Which is enouQh t hi ck is suspended by the help of the axle in the air betwelln the cy -
lindrical and ring magnets .
In fig. 20 are indicated the currents induced by Smar in the rotor at its rotation.
The rotor is done of insulated one from another copper sheets (thickness 0.6 rrrn) for
eliminat ing the brakin g eddy II -currents. Nevertheless, as f1g. 1I ShowS, a l so ln tile
cop per sheets eddy 8-cu rrents are induced. Thus I manufactured the rotor as sho wn
;n fig . 22 , i.e., !'lak i ng vertic al holes through the rotor whi ch did not dllOW to the
eddy 8-currents to make closed circuits. I co~ered a l so the machine with an additio-
 15 -

na l cap Of soft Iron ( fig_ 23) i n orde r to max illlo!olly concentrate the Blor· i ntensity
in tile iron. lIevertheless, tilt> brak ing acti on of the 8-current s s t i ll pre va iled over
the sel f· .cce' e r atlng att lon of the S -cur~n t s. It is easy t o see that for 11 ver y long
')II indr led l (o r SIBCRIAN COll U) IM g"et the curn'!nts Induce d by ~ r a re rot oPposi n9 but
s uppo rt i ng the r ot ation. Thus br aking are on ly t he c urre n ts indoced by Bl or . My Ol'll t
steo is t o e xclllnge the lower di s k and up~r di sk ,md r i ng. ',111 1(:11 are ro o f construc-
tion s teel, by mak in g l het'l'l of IIIU-meta l. TtI~ h i gll pe r meability of the IIIIJ- me tal will con-
ce ntrOle Gu it~ the who le Bl or fi eld in t he htter .

REFER[NCES
1. S. Ma r lnov, Deutsc he Physi ~. 3(9 ) , 17 (1994).
2 . S. Har inov, De ut sc he Phy si k, 3 (10). 8 (1994).
3. 5. Mari nov, Deut sc he Phys 10. J {ll). 40 (1994).
4. 5. M~ r ; nov , D c ~t sc ~ e Physik , J( 12), 13 (1994).
5. 5. Mar lnov, Deut sc he Physi k. 3(11), 18 (1994).
6. S. Mar inov, Divine El ec trom/lgnetism (East- Wes t, GraL, 1993) .
7. C. Hering , Tran s. Am. i nst. E1. Eng .• 42, 311 (1923); reprinted i n: De~ t SCM Phy-
Sik , 1 (3). 41 (1992).
R. S. Madno v, Spec. Sc. Techn., 18, 122 (1995).
9. S. Marinov , F lzlceskaja my s l ' Rossii , l (I) . 52: ( 1995) . i n R~ ss i an.
10. G. Nicol ae., Contewlpo ra ry e 1ectrndynamics and the rea sons f or Its par a doll ica I ity
(T<Jns k , 1986, nIiIn~ sc ript i n RUSSia n).
II. s. Milrino v. Oe~tsche Phys i k, 4 ( 16) , 5 (1 995).
12. S. ~ r i no v , Deutsche P ~si k. 4( 15), 7 ( 1995).
 - 16 -

FiGURE CAP1]OMS
Fig. I. Th e SIBE RIAN CO LI U rmgn @t on whi ch an a rtit rary c ur re nt @ie"en t, dr '. is t a ken
on the spl it tin g pl"ne (be neath t tl! xy- pia ne ) and "nother one , indluted dlso
by dr , on t he curved s urflce of t1e half-cylind ri cal N !rIet which i s in t he
first and s@cond quadrant s (a bo ve t he xy- pl ane ). Th~ ra di~l . tan ge nt ia l and

Fi g. ,. " pp il ca t ia l curren t ele ments, dr rad • dr t an and dr app ' are in the ~-pla ne .
Cross-sel;tion by the xy-p l"'rte of t he half-cyli ndric" l IIIIItme t In which fo ur
defini t e an d one arb i t ra ry c urre nt elencn ts are t~k e n .
Fl g. 3. (B~ r ) 1. gen~rat c d by ~ h ~ lf-cy lindr1u i ""'9',,,t ac tin g on ~ t n ll ~nt;~ l t est
curre nt e le n-e nt.
FI g. o. (8:..ar)z gene ra te d by a SIBeRIAN COC IU ~gnet ~cti n g on a ta ngenti al tes t cur-
ren t el elrent.
Fig. 5. ( B~ r)z gene r ated by ~ hil l f-cyl i n drlc~l magne t acti ng on '" ra di.I test c urre nt
e I eIIl.'TI t.
Fig. 6 . ( B~r ) ~ gen e rated by a SIBERIA N CQ LI U ma~ e t ac tin g on ! r~ d i~l t ei t c urrent
elelren t.
fig. 7. s:Sr gene ra ted by a h"l f-cyl l nd r i c.s1 magnet ac ti ng on a t angen t ' , l tes t cu r -
ren t elelDent .
Fi g . 6. s ~
~,
ge ne ra t @d by a S t ~E R I AN COLIU magnet acti ng on a U n(lent1a l t est c ur re nt
e l ewe nt.
Fig. g. Ac t ion of Brnu generated by a SIBE RIAN COLI U magnet o n a "II gne tk pr obe.
Fig. 10. Obse rv ing t he acti on o f Bmu ge"" r .. lc d by a l onge r ~I HERIAN COLIU ma gnet.
Fig. II. Exper incn t de mo ns tra t ing t he act ion uf (Bma r ) ta n'
Fig . 12 . Expe rinen t denrJrtS t rati ng the ac t ion of (Bmar) rad'
F;g. 13 . Eig ht h Nlcol aev' s e xper imen t .
f ig . 14 . The S-~ a chine SIBERIAN CO LIU wi th a I l~ u i d r otati ng r i ng.
Fig. 15. Pho t og raph of t he S-lIliH:hine SIBERIAN COLIU with a I'IIe r cu ry tro ugh.
Fig. 16 . A double cO-MOv ing SIBERIA N COl JU ~gne t .
F19 • 17 . O raw ln ~ of t he do uble co- movi ng ( co nt ra-movi ng) S IB[RI~N COl IU ~ c h;n e.
rig. LB. Photograph of t he do ubl e CO- lIIOv ing SIBER IArl COLIU II\jjch ine wi t h, me r cury
t rough a nd a meta l rotor suspended on ~n a xl e a nd Imme r sed in t he ~ rcu ry.
Fi g. 19. A do uble co ntra -rovi ng SI BER IIIN COLIU mag net.
Fig. 20. The CUrr@n ts ind uced by ~r ; n the rotor of t h! do uble co nt r a-moving SIBERIAN
COCJU mac hi ne .
Fi !J • 21. The c urrCfl t s induced by B In t he rotor'S ho r il ont al coppe r lamellas.
Fig,
". Phot o!/ nph of t he " s heet@d " dnd "ho led " ro t or ror e l i m ; n ~ t lng t he B-cu rren ts.
Fig. 13. PhotOgrjph of t he double cont ra- lIIDvl ng SIBERIAN COlIU maChine with a metal
ro t or suspended on an ..xl I! In the ai r and covered wit h a soft I ron cap .
 y

...,
dc'
...
2
1

FI!I. l
 N

--- ,
,/ ,,I •
/
/ ,
/
,
I

-- --1- ---_-.. . . .
.
,,1- - - ---, dr'

.........
~- - I
I
" "-
"-
/ ,;" It ' \,
/ I
I L __ __ ••

Fi g. 1
0.5 1

I ( , ,
/
\
, - _/
0.0
/ I

-0.5 ,
,
,
,
......L_
-1.0 ,
,
, , \
, ,
, The ~c lll icircular coi l.
,
-15 1 , Curve \
,
I
, Curve 2

Curve :J

-2.0
o 90 180 270 360

ri g. 3
 2.0

1.0 .,,
I

0.0

-t o I
Two semicircular coik
Cu r ve I

-2. 0 L-_ _ _ __
o 00 180 270 360

Fi (I . 4
4.0
\,

"J1 !C Sflmicimilar coil. Ij

.I

- - ,
Curve 1
(
, CUTV<.' 2

, Curve ;j
, , -,
2.0 ,

~
/' ,
,
,

0.0
I.
- ,-, ~-
,
, ,
, ,
, , ,
,
,
/ ,
,
,

"-- ...-/
,

-2.0 I .I .J
a 90 180 270 360
~j g. 5
 Two se.nicirctlar coils.

CUI'V<.: I
J
1.0

0.0 -

-1 .0

-2.0 I I _L_ I
o 90 180 270 360
 •

The .<i!~:mj~i rnd a r coi l.

1.0

0.0

-1 .0

-2.0 -I -.J
o 90 180 270 360
 ,

4.0

Two !'('lIlicirmlar coi ls.

Curve 1
)

2.0

0.0 '

-2.0

-4.0 I 1 .
-~

o 90 180 270 360

Fig. B
r 19 . 9
F1g. 10

Fig . 11
Fig. 12

Fig . 13
 R

'I
r i g. 14

•-." ..,. ... I,

. ~ . IJ ·.. fL
~ .. "., \' ... 0
21 21
s s N N

IL __ ,,
-"

Fig. 16

,
[><01 MAGNET

w"#;0! SOFT IRON

~~ PLASTIC

COPPER

PlEXI-GlASS

Fig . 17
 Fig. 18

21
N s N 'I

, __ x;-
L At __ ...J'
F i g . 19
•

• s

Fi g. 20

• s , s

~ : "?lind

-~~----,
 ,

F1g. 2l
r19. <'3