CHAPTER IX

RESULTS

Introduction
The LiFi transmitter and receiver prototype has been designed. For sign board to vehicle and
vehicle to vehicle communication, audio message is transmitted through light and arm controller
is used to control the speed of the vehicle .The various results are shown in snapshot.

DTMF ENCODER UM95089IC

The Ipc2148 understands the commands and sends it to DTMF tone generator UM95089 IC
which generates
An equivalent tone frequencies for the particular pressed radio button using DTMF signaling. A
key is pressed and the microcontroller will generate 8 bits accordingly. These are converted into
particular frequency by the DTMF encoder, this signal is further amplified using lm741 i.e., pre
and power amplifier stages in the transmitter part that amplifies both current and voltage
sufficiently as shown in fig 4.

Li-Fi transmitter
The prototype demonstrate that device control and data transmission can be achieved through
visible light with speeds up to 1mbps. The transmitter uses a low power cost, low power led
which consumes 1 watt, the prototype effectively transmits bits of data. The varied amplified
signal is converted into light energy by the amplifier stage which then drives the power LED as
shown in fig5.
The range of transmission has been tested to be 8-10 feet indoor in a low to medium illuminated
room and up to 2 feet in bright sun light .thus it can be said that depending on the number of
power leds that are used, the range of transmission is limited to the range .It depends on the
sensitivity of the receiver sensor that is used.

LPC 2148 controllers

The server decodes the commands coming from the client and passes them on to the Li-Fi
transmitter controller LPC2148.
It controls the speed of the vehicle.

Li-Fi Receiver
At the receiver part the LDR receives the transmitted light and converted to equivalent
Electrical signal is further amplified using lm358 and lm386 current and voltage sufficiently.
Amplification stage which boost the signal and fed to DTMF decoder MT8870 IC.

DTMF Decoder MT8870

DTMF decoder intercepts the frequency modulated signals to obtain DTMF tones.
The DTMF signals are received and decoded using a receiver/decoder IC MT8870.
DTMF signal is converted to BCD by the DTMF decoder circuit(MT 8870) in the shown
Figure.,4 bit binary and transmitted bits are recovered.Four BCD outputs
obtained from the DTMF receiver/decoder IC corresponding to each digit are
connected to Relays ,whose output is used to control the Electrical appliances
through relays.These bits are used by the microcontroller to control the
External device operating at 230V.