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In Bellow sealed valves , conventional gland packing is replaced by a bellows cartridge welded to the
valve bonnet and stem. A bellow is a long accordion-like tube. As the valve stem strokes, the bellows
expands or compresses with the stroke movement. There are no sliding or rotating seals through which
process fluid can pass.
Types of Bellows
There are two main types of bellows, welded bellows and formed bellows. The latter is made by a
relatively recent method in which a uniform bellows is produced from a thin tube. The shaping of the
metal is carried out in a collapsible die under high fluid pressure. This is the most rational method of
producing weldless bellows. Valvola prefers this formed bellows over the welded type. The following
table will show just why...
Type
Formed Bellows
Welded Bellows
Shape of
Convolution
Durability
A bellow is the heart of this type of valves. A formed bellows is made by rolling flat sheet into a tube
and longitudinal fusion welding. This tube is then mechanically or hydraulically formed into bellows
with rounded and widely spaced folds.
In welded leaf- type bellows. Washer like plates of thin metal are welded together. Welding is done on
both inner and outer circumference of of the washer like plate. A welded leaf bellows has more folds per
unit length. Both formed and welded leaf bellows have the same travel per fold. Thus, for the same
stroke length, mechanically formed bellows are two to three times longer than their welded leaf
counterparts. Reportedly mechanically formed bellows fail at random spots, while the welded leaf
usually fails at or near a weld. That is why Valvola uses only formed bellows.
Why Bellow Sealed Valves?
Leakage from the valve gland is often a problem for the maintenance engineer. Losses incurred due to
this type of leakage are considerable. Steam at 150 psi escapes through a gland with a clearance of 0.001
in. at a rate of 25 lb/hr. This means a loss of $1.2/8-hr shift and $1,100/yr. A tiny drop of 0.4 mm
diameter/sec results in a waste of about 200 l/yr of costly oil or solvent.
Apart from this high cost of energy and material loss, the leakage also results in serious environmental,
ecological and oftne hazardous pronlems. The leaking fluid can be corrosice, explosive or poisonous. Ina
any case, it has to be checked before it leaks. A bellows seal valve can be a simple solution to all these
PISTON
VALVES
CONVENTIONAL
VALVES
Primary
Stem Seal
Metallic Bellow
Piston ring
Gland Packing
Secondary
stem Seal
Gland Packing
None
None
Stem
Leakage
Not Possible.Metallic
Bellows are designed to
last several thousand
cycles
Occurs as soon
as the
rings(which are
made of gasket
mtl) wear out
Very common.Due to
friction between stem and
the gland, leakage occurs
within a few cycles no
matter which make valve or
what quality of gland
packing
Packing
Not applicable
Replacement
Rings need to be
changed
frequently
Very high
High
Media Loss
Considerable amount
through gland leakages.
Normally large amount
when leakage remains
unattended.
Equipment
Downtime
Nil
Maintenance Nil
Cost
High as rings
need to be
changed at least
once in six
months
Valve Life
High - in years
Low
Safety
Cost
Comparatively higher
initially but lowest total
cost of ownership
High compared
to the benefits
viz a viz
problems
Bellow Seal Valve comply with full condition at high temperature and high pressure.
Bellow Seal prevents leakage of sensitive media which constitute high fire risk.
Our bellows are capable of withstanding 20,000 cycles and above without failure under
pressure.
Steam at pressure of 150 p.s.i.escapes through a stem / gland clearance of 1 / 1000th of an inch
at a rate of 24 lbs per hour.
Gland packed valves often demand continual maintenance - inaccessability creating particular
difficulties.
ACETALDEHYDE
ETHYLIDENE
DICHLORIDE
2,2,4-TRIMETHYLPENTANE
ACETAMIDE
(1,1-DICHLOROETHANE)
VINYL ACETATE
ACETONITRILE
FORMALDEHYDE
VINYL BROMIDE
2ACETYLAMINOFLORIDE
GLYCOL ETHERS
VINYL CHLORIDE
ACROLEIN
HEXACHLORONBENZENE
VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE
ACRYLIC ACID
HEXACHLOROBUTADIENE
(1,1-DICHLOROETHYLENE)
ACRYLONITRILE
HEXACHLOROETHANE
HEXAMETHYLENE-1,
ALLYL CHLORIDE
4-AMINOBIPHENYL
6-DIISOCYANATE
O-XYLENES
ANILINE
HEXANE HYDRAZINE
P-XYLENES
O-ANISIDINE
HYDROQUINONE
ANTIMONY COMPOUNDS
BENZENE
ISOPHORONE
ARSENIC COMPOUNDS
BENZIDENE
MALEIC ANHYDRIDE
(INORGANIC INCLUDING
BENZOTRICHLORIDE
METHANOL
ARSINE)
BENZYL CHLORIDE
METHYL BROMIDE
ASBESTOS
BIPHENYL
(BROMO METHANE)
BERYLLIUM COMPOUNDS
BIS (2-ETHYLHEXL
METHYL CHLORIDE
CADMIUM COMPOUNDS
PHTHALATE (DEHP))
(CHLOROMETHANE)
CALCIUM CYANAMIDE
BIS (CHLOROMETHYL)
METHYL CHLOROFORM
CAPTAN
ETHER BROMOFORM
(1,1-1TRICHLOROETHANE)
CARBARYL
1,3-BUTADIENE
CHLORAMBEN
CAPROLACTAM CARBON
(2-BUTANONE)
CHLORDANE
DISULFIDE CARBON
METHYL HYDRAZINE
CHLORINE
TETRACHLORIDE
METHYL IODIDE
CHLOROBENZILATE
CARBONYL SULFIDE
(IODOMETHANE)
CHROMIUM COMPOUNDS
CATECHOL
METHYL ISOBUTYL
2CHLOROACETOPHENONE
(HEXONE)
CHLOROBENZENE
METHYL ISOCYANATE
CYANIDE COMPOUNDS
CHLOROFORM
METHYL METHACRYLATE
DICHLORVOS
CHLOROMETHYL
METHYL
ETHER
(MTBE)
(AZIRIDINE)
CHLOROPRENE
4,4'-METHYLENE BIS
ETHYLENE
CRESOLS/CRESYLIC
ACID
(2-CHLOROANILINE)
HEPTACHLOR
METHYLENE CHLORIDE
HEXACHLOROCYCLO-
O-CRESOL
(DICHLOROMETHANE)
PENTADIENE
M-CRESOL
METHYLENE DIPHENYL
HYDROCHLORIC ACID
P-CRESOL
DIISOCYANATE (MDI)
HYDROGEN FLUORIDE
CUMENE
4,4METNYLENEDIANILINE
(HYDROFLUORIC ACID)
NAPHTHALENE
LEAD COMPOUNDS
DDE
NITROBENZENE
DIAZOMETHANE
4-NITROBIPHENYL
MANGANESE COMPOUNDS
DIBENZPFURANS
4-NITROPHENOL
MERCURY COMPOUNDS
1,2-DIBROMO-3
2-NITROPROPANE
METHOXYCHLOR
CHLORPROPANE
N-NITROSO-NMETHYLUREA
DIBUTYLPHALATE
NNITROSOMETHYLAMINE
NICKEL COMPOUNDS
1,4DICHLOROBENZENE(P)
N-NITROSOMORPHOLINE
PARATHION
3,3DICHLOROBENZIDENE
PHENOL
PENTACHLORONITROBENZENE
DICHLORETHYL ETHER
(BIS
P-PHENYLENEDIAMINE
(QUINTOBENZENE)
(2-CHLORETHYL) ETHER
PHOSGENE
PENTACHLOROPHENOL
1,3-DICHLOROPREPENE
PHTHALIC ANHYDRIDE
PHOSPHINE
N,N-DIETHYL ANILINE
POLYCHLORINATED
PHOSPHORUS
(N,N-DIMETHYLANILINE
BIPHENYLS (AROCLORS)
POLYCYCLIC ORGANIC
MATTER
DIETHYL SULFATE
1,3-PROPANE SULFONE
QUINOLINE
3,3'DIMETHOXYBENZIDINE
BETA-PROPIOLACTONE
RADIONUCLIDES
DIMETHYL
PROPIONALDEHYDE
(INCLUDING RADON)
AMINOAZOBENZENE
PROPOXUR (BAYGON)
TITANIUM TETRACHLORIDE
3,3'DIMETHYLBENZIDINE
PROPYLENE DICHLORIDE
TOXAPHENE
DIMETHYL CARBAMOYL
(1-2-DICHLOROPROPANE)
(CHLORINATED CAMPHENE)
CHLORIDE
PROPYLENE OXIDE
STEAM
DIETHYL FORMAMIDE
1,2-PROPYLENEIMINE
AMMONIA
1,1DIMETHYILYDRAZINE
(2-METHYL AZIRIDINE)
OXYGEN
DIMETHYL PHTHALATE
QUINONE
HYDROGEN
DIMETHYL SULFATE
STYRENE
CARBON DIOXIDE
4.6-DINITRO-O-CRESOL,
STYRENE OXIDE
ARGON
AND SALTS
2,3,7,8-TETRACHLORO
NITROGEN
2.4-DINTROPHENOL
DIBENZO-P-DIOXIN
HELIUM
1,4-DINTROTOLUENE
1,1,2,2,-TETRACHLORO-
SULFURIC ACID
1,4-DIOXANE (1,4-
ETHANE
HYDROGEN CYANIDE
DIETHYLENEOXIDE)
TETRACHLOROETHYLENE
HYDROFLOURIC ACID
1,2DIPHENYLHYDRAZINE
(PERCHLOROETHYLENE)
HYDROCHLORIC ACID
EPICHLOROHYDRIN (1CHL
. TOLUENE
HYDROGEN BROMIDE
-2,3-EPOXYPROPANE)
2,4-TOLUENE DIAMINE
PHOSGENE
1,2-EPOXYBUTANE
2,4-TOLUENE DIISD-
POTASSIUM
ETHYL ACRYLATE
CYANATE
SODIUM
ETHYL BENEZENE
O-TOLUIDINE
CHLORINE
ETHYL CARBAMATE
1,24-TRI-
TRITIUM
(URETHANE)
CHLOROBENZENE
URANIUM HEXAFLOURIDE
ETHYL CHLORIDE
1,1,2-TRI-
SILANE
(CHLOROETHANE)
CHLOROETHANE
HOT OILS
ETHYL DIBROMIDE
TRICHLOROETHANE
SOUR GAS
(DIBROMOETHANE)
TRIETHYLAMINE
OIL
ETHYL DICHLORIDE
TRICHLOROETHYLENE
FREON
(1,2-DICHLOROETHANE)
2,4,5-TRICHLOROPHENOL
CAUSTIC SOLUTIONS
ETHYL GLYCOL
2,4,6-TRICHLOROPHENOL
HOT GYCOLS
ETHYL OXIDE
TRICHLOROETHYLENE
ETHYL MERCAPTAN
ETHYL THIOUREA
TRIETHYLANINE
SYNTHETIC HEAT
TRIFL
URALIN
TRANSFER FLUIDS