Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
ISSN 1992-8424
ABSTRACT
The moving with fast velocity of each node in vehicular ad hoc network
(VANET) results in the existence transient communication links, which degrade
the performance of developed protocols. Established routes frequently become
invalid, and existing communication flows are interrupted, incurring delay and
additional overhead. In this paper we use cross layer approach solving these
problems. Firstly, we concentrate on measurement end-to-end delay in VANET.
Subsequently, we use the end-to-end delay assessment of medium access control
(MAC) layer for building route metric in network layer with the aim of shrinking
route discovery time. For deploying route model we use hybrid routing protocol
(combined between proactive and reactive routing protocol) aiming reduce route
overhead, accelerate route convergence speed, and enhance route quality in routing
table in each node. The simulation results illustrate outstanding features of our
proposed model.
Keywords: Vehicular ad hoc network; routing protocol; end-to-end delay; cross
layer approach.
INTRODUCTION
The
VANET
includes
mobile
nodes
communicated eachother without any infrastructure
or central administration. These characters make
VANET becoming a huge challenge, and attract
tremendous attention of researchers in recently. One
of the foremost challenges in vehicular networks is
to design protocols that can handle the high
mobility of vehicles and constant changes in the
underlying topology.
Due to high mobility of VANET, the wireless
link between two vehicles is short-lived. The
channel quality information from physical and
MAC layer help the sender in predicting the link
connection time; subsequently the sender can find a
new receiver before the current link is disconnected.
Thus cross-layer interaction between MAC layer
and higher layers is desirable to maintain link
connectivity and improve system performance. We
consider this works in some proposed routing
protocols. In [1] the authors proposed the
Movement Prediction-based Routing (MOPR)
protocol. They used movement prediction
information of each vehicular for V2V
communication in VANET. It improves the routing
process by taking the vehicle movement
information that is typically available in MAC layer
such as position, direction, speed, and network
Volume 7 Number 4
Page 1286
www.ubicc.org
ISSN 1992-8424
RELATED WORKS
Volume 7 Number 4
Page 1287
www.ubicc.org
(4)
Tot = n*Avg
(5)
ISSN 1992-8424
Volume 7 Number 4
Page 1288
THEN {
FOR (i=0; OVH_NBR -1; i++)
{IF neighbor_address == nodej_address THEN {
Send (Addr, RREQ); exit}
ELSE {
www.ubicc.org
ISSN 1992-8424
SIMULATION RESULTS
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
5
6
Path length (hops)
10
Volume 7 Number 4
Page 1289
www.ubicc.org
40
AODV
EEDAHRP
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Number of pauses
70
80
90
100
25
EEDAHRP
AODV
20
15
10
0
40
60
80
100
120
140
Number of nodes
160
180
200
0.3
0.25
0.2
0.15
0.1
0.05
0
40
60
80
100
120
140
Number of nodes
160
180
200
CONCLUSION
Volume 7 Number 4
ISSN 1992-8424
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
This research was supported by the National
Science and Technology Major Project: Wireless
Innovative Campus Area Networks Project No.
2010ZX03005-003.
6 REFERENCES
[1] M. MENOUAR, M. Lenardi, F. Filali: A
movement prediction based routing protocol for
vehicle-to-vehicle
communications.,
Communications (2005).
[2] Xi Yu, Huaqun Guo, Wai-Choong Wong: A
Reliable
Routing
Protocol
for
VANET
Communications., Wireless Communications and
Mobile Computing Conference (IWCMC), pp.
1748 1753 (2011).
[3] C. E. Perkins and E. M. Royer: Ad-hoc OnDemand Distance Vector Routing., In Proceedings
of the 2nd IEEE Workshop on Mobile Computing
Systems and Applications, pages 90100, New
Orleans, LA (1999).
[4] A. S. Tanenbaum: Computer Networks., 3rd ed.
Pearson Education (2003).
[5] G. Bianchi: Performance analysis of the ieee
802.11 distributed coor-dination function., IEEE
Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, vol.
18, no. 3, pp. 535547 (2000).
[6] M. K. Kadiyala and R. Pendse: Model and
analysis of IEEE 802.11 distributed coordination
function medium access control protocol using the
semi-markov process., ANRC, ECE Department,
Wichita State University, Tech. Rep. version-1,
(2005).
[7] T. Clausen and P. Jacquet, Optimized link state
routing protocol (olsr), Network Working Group,
vol. Project Hipercom, INRIA (2003).
[8] The Network Simulator - Ns-2, available:
http://nsnam.isi.edu/nsnam/index.php.
[9] The Rice University Monarch Project, available:
http://www.monarch.cs.rice.edu.
Page 1290
www.ubicc.org