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Adjectives:
Adjectives give more information about a noun. Their form does not
change for singular and plural nouns, or for male and female.
A young girl and two young boys came to the party
Position:
Comparison:
There are 3 degrees of comparison: positive, comparative, and
superlative:
doubled:
slim, slimmer, slimmest
Other common examples are: sad, big, thin, fat, hot, wet.
*If the adjective ends in e, add r and st
late, later, latest
Irregular comparisons
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
COMPARISONS OF ADJECTIVES
1. Comparative adjectives
We use them to compare 2 things. When we use a comparative
adjective in front of a noun or a pronoun we add than.
The new blocks are much higherthanthe old buildings
He makes fewer mistakes thanyou
Our prices are betterthanhis
2. Superlative adjectives
a. We use superlative adjectives to compare more than 2 things.
We use the, or a possessive adjective (my, your, his) before
the superlative form.
Blue whales are the largest whales.
b. After superlatives we use in before singular nouns and of before
plural nouns
The blue whale is the largest creature in the world
The blue whale is the largest of the whales
3. To say thigs are equal:
As. As(tan.como)
Not as. As(no tancomo)
Used to compare two things or people. For the second one we
can also use not so. As
As soon as, as much as, as long as, as many as, as well
as
A boy of 16 is often as tall as his father
Your coffee is not as good as the coffee my mother makes or
Your coffee is not so good as my mothers
We make the comparison more emphatic with just
This caf is just as bad as the last one
We can modify this type of comparison with nearly or
quite
Motor bikes arent nearly so expensive as cars
My phone isnt quite as good as yours.
4. Thins which occur together
the..the => to express that one thing is consequence of the
other
the more you study, the better grades you will obtain
5. Progressive comparison
We can describe how something increases or decreases in
intensity by repeating more or the same comparative
adjective, with and in between both forms.
He became more and more daring
Her visits became rarer and rarer
6. no + comparativeadjective:
Extremely ambitious
Slightly different
Pretty strong
Absolutely huge
Completely impossible
Totally useless
- Entrance to the
Weakening adjectives:
Gradable adjectives can usually be made weaker by the words fairly,
slightly, a little bit, somewhat.
-
Slightly dizzy
A bit upset
Somewhat aggressive
Adverbs
Adverbs tell us about a noun, a verb, and adjective or another adverb.
Adverbs give us information about time, place, manner, frequency,
certainty, degree
They describe how, how of the, when or where an action happens.
Types of adverbs:
Position of adverbs:
*Adverbs generally go after the verb, or after the object of the verb if
there is one.
Sometimes, they may go before the verb or at the beginning of the
sentence for emphasis:
He packed his suitcase carefully
He carefully, packed his suitcase
Carefully, he packed his suitcase
*One word Frequency adverbs (and hardly ever) are usually midposition (but after am/are/is/was/were): before the main verb but
after de auxiliary verb and modal verbs.
I usually travel by train
I am often late
Comparison of adverbs
*Single-syllable adverbs (and the adverb early) add er and est
hard, harder, hardest
nice, nicer, nicest
early, earlier, earliest
Even, only
They usually go in mid-position
He can even/only speak Swedish
Really
Its meaning depends on its position in the sentence:
-
Adverbial clauses
An adverbial clause must be connected to a main clause; we cannot
use it as a separate sentence. We only use one conjunction to connect
them.
I dont eat much breakfast because Im in a rush / NOT: I dont eat
much breakfast. Because Im in a rush