The collectivity introduction


Table of contents
1.
Market background and history of excavator
2.
The basic structure and principle of excavator
3.
The series production of excavator of Liugong
4.D
Definition and characteristics introduction of D series excavator
5.D
The introduction of D series medium-size excavator product. 2

1. Market background and history of excavator

1-1
The introduction of excavator
1-2
History of the development of excavator

1-1 The introduction of excavator

What is the excavator ?

excavating machinery)

Definition : Called excavating machinery too , it is the

machinery that can excavate the soil, coal, sand or
rock and then load it into the truck or stock-yard.

1-1 The introduction of excavator

Bucket-wheel type

Continuous

Bucket-wheel type

Excavator

Mechanical

Front bucket

Tracked type

Periodic

Hydraulic

Electric

Reverse bucket

Wheel type

Grab
Lifting

Automobile type

Step type
5

1-1 The introduction of excavator

The different kind of excavator are widely applied in

mining or construction of building, transportation and
so on.
60%

About sixty percent of earth-rock excavation in the

world are completed by excavator.
6

1-2 History of the development of excavator

130

There are 130 years from the first manual excavator

invented, its development come through driven by
steam, electricity and internal combustion,
mechatronics and hydraulics integration and
intelligentization.

1-2 History of the development of excavator

2040

Due to the application of hydraulic, the excavator

that assembled hydraulic bucket was invented in
1940s.
2050

The full-hydraulic crawler type excavator was

invented in 1950s.

1-2 History of the development of excavator

2060

The hydraulic excavator developed very fast from 1960S,

the number of factory of excavator increased very fast.

2070
90%
100
The hydraulic excavator developed along high speed,
high pressure and high power from 1970s, the hydraulic
excavator almost is 100% of all excavator now.
9


Table of contents
1.
Market background and history of excavator
2.
The basic structure and principle of excavator
3.
The series production of excavator of Liugong
4.D
Definition and characteristics introduction of D series excavator
5.D
The introduction of D series medium-size excavator product.10

2. The basic structure and principle of excavator

2-1
Basic structure of hydraulic excavator
2-1-1 (revolving work-table)
2-1-2 (walking system)
2-1-3 (working system)

2-2
Working principle of hydraulic excavator
2-3
Main parameter of hydraulic excavator

11

2-1 Basic structure of hydraulic excavator

excavator

working system

propulsion
system

revolving work-table

hydraulic
system

walking system

revolving
system

operator
cabin
12

2-1-1 Revolving work-table

main control valve

radiator

operator cabin

engine

covering

revolving motor

electric system

revolving work-table
13

2-1-1 Revolving work-table

Revolving work-table: engine, hydraulic pump,

control valve, oil tank, counterweight, operator
cabin etc. are install on it.

14

2-1-1 Revolving work-table -engine

Engine o: is a propulsion unit, change diesel oils chemical

energy into mechanical energy and output it.

15

2-1-1 Revolving work-table -main pump

Hydraulic power unit, change

engines mechanical energy
into hydraulic energy.

Structure feature: 2 pumps inline, still can connect a gear

pilot pump behind.

16

2-1-1 Revolving work-table -main pump

Transport line of mechanical powerengine gear
shaft joint main pump.

Transport line of hydraulic powermain pump oil
pipe main control valve executing system .

17

2-1-1 Revolving work-table -main control valve

Main control valve

Control unit, deliver hydraulic energy from main pump to

other executing system, in order to drive machine.

Structure feature: contain many valve

handles and different kinds of valves, have high density of
integration.
18

2-1-1 Revolving work-table -main control valve

Controlling parts: walking motor, revolving motor, oil

cylinder of working system.

Transport line of hydraulic power: main control valve

oil pipe different executing units.

19

2-1-1 Revolving work-table - revolving

motor & Speed reducer
Revolving motor & Speed reducer

Executing unit, change hydraulic energy from main control

valve into mechanical energy and output it, then drive upper
equipment.

Structure feature: motor & speed reducer integrated as one.

Transport line of power: motor speed reducer

revolving supporting revolving work-table.

20

2-1-1 Revolving work-table - foot pilot valve

Foot pilot valve

Controlling unit, transport hydraulic energy from pilot pump

to main control valve walking spool, control walking
movement.

Transport line of hydraulic power: pilot

pump foot pilot valve main control valve walking spool.
21

2-1-1 Revolving work-table - hand pilot valve

Hand pilot valve

Controlling unit, transport hydraulic energy from pilot pump to

main control valve boomstickdigging bucket revolving
spooland control relevant movement.

22

2-1-1 Revolving work-table - hand pilot valve

Structure feature: cross axle structure, realize every

directions movement.

Transport line of hydraulic power: pilot pump hand pilot
valve main control valve relevant spool.

23

2-1-2 Walking system

chain track

revolving supporting

upper carrier wheel

drive wheel

idler

chain adjuster

walking frame

bogie wheel

24

2-1-2 Walking system -four wheels

and one track
chain link

track board

drive wheel

carrier wheel

chain adjuster

idler

25

2-1-2 Walking system - Walking frame

Walking frame is the main bearing structure of track

walking system.

26

2-1-2 Walking system - Revolving supporting

Revolving supporting actually is a enlarged rolling bearing

with internal gear ring.

+
Internal gear ring set on walking frame, outer ring set on
work-table, hydraulic motor & speed reducer on worktable drive the revolving table rotate.

27

2-1-2 Walking system - Walking motor

& speed reducer
Walking motor & speed reducer

Executing unit, change hydraulic energy from main control

valve into mechanical energy and output it, then drive
machine and make it turn around.

Structure feature: motor & speed reducer integrated as one.

Transport line of power: motor speed reducer

drive wheel train track.
28

2-1-3 Working system

stick

stick cylinder

bucket cylinder

rocker arm

connecting rod

boom

boom cylinder

bucket
29

2-1-3 Working system

Working system is a Important part of the excavator.

Replaceable working equipment expand the usage of
excavator.

Bucket ,grab, sucker, hydraulic

hammer, hydraulic shears,
hydraulic twist drill etc.

30

2-1-3 Working system

Backhoe is a usual type of monobucket hydraulic

excavator, mainly used to dig soil lower than level
plane.

Bucket grabboom and stick are hinge joint to each

other, driven by hydraulic cylinder, complete the
motion of digginglifting and outloading.

31

2-1-3 Working system

Different object of work, different bucket.

standard bucket

rock bucket

V-type bucket

32

2-1-3 Working system

Buckets capacity must match in machine

If bucket is bigger than which is commended,

instantaneous rotational inertia of excavator would be
much bigger, it would have a bad influence to hydraulic
partsworking arms and also machine structure, then
cut down life time and stability of excavator.
33

2-1-3 Working system

Choose of working arms
and buckets capacity

Shorter arms, bigger digging force, suitable for bigger capacity

of bucket, but smaller dig area.

Longer arms, especially over-long arms, have a smaller

digging force, suitable for smaller capacity of bucket, its
advantage is widen dig area.
34

2-1-3 Working system

Advantage of choosing a suitable bucket:

(reduce breakdown rate)

(reduce
(reduce

cost of fuel oil)

(promote
(promote

time of work cycle)

per digging force)

productivity)

(increase

service durability of

machine)
(increase

stability of machine)
35

2-1-3 Working system

Hydraulic hammer: mainly used

for piling, excavating frozen soil
and rock, or destroying the road
surface, tamping the soil and so
on.

36

2-1-3 Working system

Hydraulic shear : mainly used

for cutting the buildings
reinforcing steel .

37

2-1-3 Working system

Hydraulic auger: it is
used for drilling
collecting earth and
so on .

38

2-2 Working principle of hydraulic

excavator

Using the principle of level , the Hydraulic Cylinder

push the excavator s boomarm and bucket and
let them rotary so that we can control the
movement of excavating and discharging.

The work platform rotate about an approximately

vertical axis.

39

2-2 Working principle of hydraulic

excavator

Work platform and moving device are the hydraulic

excavate s body, there are power and transmission
system on the platform , engine is the origin of
power , most of excavate use diesel engine.

40

2-2 Working principle of hydraulic

excavator

Hydraulic transmission system transmit power

to hydraulic motor , hydraulic cylinder through
hydraulic pump , and push work device to work
so that it can complete many kinds operation.

41

2-2 Working principle of hydraulic

excavator
Engine

Drive
Drive

Control oil

Control

Pilot pump

Pilot valve
Control oil

Pilot
pump

Engine
Drive
Drive

Pilot valve

Control
Driver

Control oil
Control oil
Work oil

Work oil

Work pump Work oil

Work
pump

Main valve Work oil

Main valve

Work oil
Carry out

Implement work

Driver

Carry out

Work oil

Cylinder

Motor
Motor

Carry out
Carry out

SwingTravel

42

2-3 Main parameter of hydraulic excavator

1. Bucket capacity
2. Engine power
3. Operating weight
4. Digging force
5. Operating range
6. Transportation size
7. Swiveling speed
8. Travel speed and traction
9. Grounding pressure
43

2-3-1 Bucket Capacity

Bucket Capacity is one of basic parameter

Bucket capacity are generally divided into two kinds:

stowage and paperback, and stowage is usually used
for calibrating the bucket capacity.

11

12
44

2-3-2 Engine power

(gross power )

Output power be measured on the engine flywheel when

no power consumption attachments, such as mufflers, fan,
alternator and air filter case.
(net power )

Output power be measured on the engine flywheel when

have power consumption attachments, such as mufflers,
fan, alternator and air filter case.
45

2-3-3 Operating weight

Operating weight determines the level of the excavator ,and the

upper limit of excavators.

If the digging force beyond the limit, in the backhoe case,

excavator will slip, and be pulling forward, which is very dangerous.
In the shovel case, excavator will be slipping backwards.

46

2-3-4 Digging force

Including Arm digging force and bucket digging force.

Different digging force have different power : arm digging

from arm cylinder ,bucket dingging from bucket cylinder.
r
linde
y
c
Arm

Bu
ck
et

cy
lin

de

47

2-3-5 Operating range

A

Max reach

Max reach at ground level

Max dig depth

8
Max dig depth of 8'bottom

Max dig depth of vertical

Max dig height

Max dump height

Min swing radius

48

2-3-6 Transportation size

machine cab width

height of engine cover

track gauge

transport width

counterweight clearance

shoe width

cab height

track on ground

ground clearance

tailswing radius

undercarriage length

transport length

Boom height

49

2-3-7 Swiveling speed

Swing speed: when excavators no-load, the stability of

the average maximum rotation speed can be achieved.

50

2-3-8 Travel speed and traction

Travel speed: when excavators no-load, the stability of the

average maximum speed can be achieved.

Traction refers to the power when excavator travelling .

Walking speed and traction demonstrated the flexibility and mobility

walking excavator walking ability.
51

2-3-9 Grounding pressure

The size of ground pressure determines the ground conditions for

excavator's operating.

Ground pressure is the pressure of machine weight exerted on the

ground.
=/

Theoretical value. Because the crawler can not contact with the
ground completely and the whole center of gravity shifts, which
makes the pressure on the track is uneven.
52


Table of contents
1.
Market background and history of excavator
2.
The basic structure and principle of excavator
3.
The series production of excavator of Liugong
4.D
Definition and characteristics introduction of D series excavator
5.D
The introduction of D series medium-size excavator product.53

3-1 Liugong excavator.

>65ton

45ton

35ton 30ton 25ton 20ton 10~20ton

230

923C

935C

New 2nd generation

New 3rd generation

<6ton

906C

904C

205C
225C

New 1st generation

6-8ton

936LC

920C

915C

925LC 922LC

935D

923D

920D

936D

925D

922D

908C
915D

906D
908D

960E

945E

935E

928E

923E

920E

910E

906E

902E

975E

948E

936E

930E

925E

922E

912E

9065E

9036E

9120E

915E

908E

9045E

9220E

916E
918E

New 4th generation

54


Table of contents
1.
Market background and history of excavator
2.
The basic structure and principle of excavator
3.
The series production of excavator of Liugong
4.D
Definition and characteristics introduction of D series excavator
5.D
The introduction of D series medium-size excavator product.55

 4. Definition and characteristics introduction

of D series excavator
4-1 D
Definition introduction of D series excavator
4-2 D
Main characteristics introduction of D series excavator

56

4-1 Definition of D series

A new generation of type well designed and manufactured in connection

with users actual demands, which is integrated with many years of
experience of LiuGong in research, development and manufacture;

High-quality type developed on the basis of studying characteristics and

advantages of international leading excavators;

863
Product that adopts the latest achievements of National 863 Program and
has LiuGong independent intellectual property rights;

57

4-1 Definition of D series

C
LiuGong intelligent excavator of updated and upgraded type, which can be
substituted for C series completely;
CAPC)

A new generation of LiuGong micro-computer full-power control system

(CAPC) with independent intellectual property rights is adopted to realize
electromechanical-hydraulic intergration;

Higher efficiency, lower oil consumption.

58

4-2 Main characteristics of LiuGong excavator

Reliable

Efficient

Expert in earthwork

Trustworthy

59

4-2 High-quality overall configuration

Chain link

Track pad

Sprocket

Track roller
and carrier
roller

Tensioner

Idler

60

4-2 Power configuration--Cummins

---
Cummins and LiuGong ---Long term strategic partnership

Engines specially developed for excavators.

Zexel
Adopting Zexel in-line pump. Adaptability
to oil is much stronger.

It can completely meet EU stage and

emission standard.

Sufficient torque reserve.

10000

Under normal operation and maintenance

conditions, complete overhaul period can
reach over 10000 hours.

61

4-2 Power configuration--Cummins

Engine system with mature and reliable performance

40%

Compared with the diesel

engine of the same type,
parts are reduced by 40%
and fault rate is also greatly
reduced.

62

4-2 Full-power control system

CAPC system
A new generation of
LiuGong full-power
control system with
intellectual property
rights;

Standard standby change-over switch

Electromechanicalhydraulic intergration;
Standby switch

High efficiency, oil

saving, well
operability!

Hydraulic oil temperature sensor

Fuel amount sensor
Hand pilot pressure switch type sensor
Foot pilot pressure switch type sensor

Automatic idle speed switch

Manual idle speed switch

Monitor a series of parameters like engine rotation speed. With the increase of external load, pump power is
increased and engine load is also increased. When increased of the external load leads to decreased of engine
rotation speed, electrical control system will automatically adjust the pump current in order to automatically reduce the
pump pressure at start of adjustment and to reduce pump power; otherwise it will increase the pump power in order
to realize reasonable matching of hydraulic power and engine power and in order to realize high efficiency, oil saving
63
63
and better operability.

4-2 Full-power control system

CAPC
Functional characteristics of CAPC full-power electrical control system

64

4-2 Engine rotation speed controlmultiple

options
Setting on accelerator control mode:
Power zone: 10-gear, 9-gear
Full-power follow-up mode is adopted. CAPC
system can dynamically control matching of
hydraulic system power and diesel engine
output power according to working load and
give full play to the power of diesel engine.
Economical zone: 8-gear, 7-gear, 6-gear, 5-gear
Engine rotation speed can be reduced gradually
and it can suitable for work of various working
strength.

CAPC computer control system

6-10 gears full-power follow-up modes are applicable to engine powers
under different operation conditions. Among other things, 6-gear is
applicable to operation of the hydraulic breaking hammer.
2-5 gears can be used to select reasonable power matching. They are
applicable to precision operation.

Rotation speed of 10
gears

Applicable for different

materials

6-gear: Applicable to operation of hydraulic

hammer
Precision zone: 4-gear, 3-gear
Applicable to light load and precision work
When faults occur on the controller, select emergency
mode through standard/emergency change-over switch 1.
Also, standby accelerator can adjust the engine rotation
speed to realize normal operation during repair period of
the controller.

65
65

4-2 LCD Monitor

Monitor with simple operation and easy identification of machine operation states
Display and detection of machine operation states. During operation of the machine, it can display through
query the machine operation states including operation pressure, amount of fuel, engine oil pressure, water
temperature and oil temperature. When abnormities occurs, the monitor will give an alarm.

Machine operation states are clear at a glance

Understand the machine
operation states through
the monitor. When
abnormity occurs during
machine operation, the
system will give an alarm
through the monitor.

Simple and easy switch query among

various machine operation states
Machine operation states can be easily
detected through query and selection among
various machine operation states.

Maintenance information display

function

Understand maintenance items needed to be done at

each maintenance period through inquiring the
maintenance interval.

nd
a
l
ua ves
s
i
s v so gi
i
t
I
al rm!
n
ca n ala
a
66
66

4-2 Hydraulic system --Reliability and durability

Improved hydraulic system reliability and durability: Adopting the seal type with well vibration
resistance
1O
24O--

Seal method of hydraulic system is changed

from common plane O-ring seal into 24cone
seal (with O-ring). --Improving the seal
performance at vibration

()
(Old type) Plane seal

() 24O
(New type) 24cone seal (with O-ring)

2
Working oil line adopts flange seal

67

4-2 Hydraulic system --Reliability and durability

Improved hydraulic system reliability and durability: System layout is made

through oil pipe routing and fixation; it can effectively avoid oil pipe leakage

and wear caused by vibration.

68

4-2 Electrical system --Reliability and durability

Improved electrical system reliability and durability: Main electrical elements

shall be centralized in the cab. In this way, it is convenient for maintenance
and it also improves the working environment of these elements to improve
the reliability.

Main controller

Relay

Actuator
controller

D
D series

69

4-2 Electrical system --Reliability and durability

Improved system reliability and durability: Routing and fixation of lines

System layout is made

through line routing and
fixation. It shall avoid
looseness and wear caused
by vibration.
:

Improved ground connection:

Centralized grounding mode is
changed into multiple-point
grounding mode in order to
improve reliability of ground
connection.

70

4-2 Comfortable operating environment

Spacious cab
1008mm
The cab is 1008mm wide, which is one of the most spacious cabs in this field.
ISO
Working space in the cab meets the ISO working space standard.

Smart pilot locking handle installed on the armrest box can be moved backward and
forward, which is convenient for getting on/off the vehicle.

71

4-2 Comfortable operating environment

Rear air duct

Automatic air conditioning

5000kcalSAE

5000kcal(SAE) air conditioner with large air

Rear air duct
volume; reasonably arranged air duct; air
supply modes for selection: Internal circulation
and external circulation (Mode for fresh air
supply).

Operators can enjoy the comfortable

environment all the year round.

Simple air conditioning operation

interface, easy operation

Air supply port

for feet

.
Air conditioning air duct
New air conditioning air duct is adopted. Also,
air duct diameter is increased. Thus, it can
not only reduce the windage, but also can
reach fast and even refrigeration effect.

72

4-2 Comfortable operating environment

MP3
Radio with MP3

Large color LCD

When there is no work to be done,

operators can enjoy their favorite
music, which can bring good
mood.

It is applicable to
environments with different
light conditions, which is
convenient for monitoring the
overall machine.

Cold and warm storage boxes

with cold and warm air

Refrigerate or warm the beverage

by using air supply from the air

73

4-2 Comfortable operating environment

Smart pilot operating handle

New armrest of the drivers seat can be well used with the long
handle
Operating force become smaller and the operator can not feel
tired for a long time period of operation.

More humanized pedal

Pedal space conforms to ergonomics. The operator can not feel

tired for a long time period of operation.

74

4-2 Perfect working environment

Comfortable operation
environment

Defrosting port of
front window

Cool and warm

storage boxes

Pilot operating
lever with long
handle, shutoff
valve handle
made with new
process

Rain wiper made

with new process

Sound equipment and

emergency hammer

75

4-2 Simple and convenient maintenance

Impurities drainage
76
valve of diesel oil tank

4-2 Simple and convenient maintenance

Engine oil drain port

Rotary motor gear oil drain port

77


Table of contents
1.
Market background and history of excavator
2.
The basic structure and principle of excavator
3.
The series production of excavator of Liugong
4.D
Definition and characteristics introduction of D series excavator
5.D
The introduction of D series medium-size excavator product.78

 5. The introduction of D series medium-size

excavator product.
5-1
LiuGong excavator code
5-2 922D922LC
Parameters comparison between 922D and 922LC
5-3 925D925LC
Parameters comparison between 925D and 925LC
5-4
Overall appearance

79

 5-1 LiuGong excavator code

Liugong standard:

CLG922D

China

22

Operating
weight

LG

LiuGong

D series

Excavator

80

5-2 Parameters comparison between 922D and

922LC
Product model

922D()

922D()

922LC

22000

22000

21900

1.0

1.0

0.95

112/1950

116/2000

108/2100

2210

2215

2200

31.8

31.8

31.4

62967

62967

62554

12

11.5

10.2

knBucket breakout force (kN) ISO

145/159

145/159

128/140

knArm breakout force (kN) ISO

95/103

95/103

91/99

mmMax. dumping height (mm)

6770

6770

6750

mmMax. digging depth (mm)

6615

6615

6635

mmMax. reach (mm)

9850

9850

9850

mmMax. digging height (mm)

9540

9540

9520

mmMax. reach at ground level

(mm)

9705

9705

9705

kgOperating weight (kg)

m Standard bucket capacity (m)
kwRated power (kw)
l/minHydraulic system flow (l/min)
MpaMain pressure of working
device (Mpa)
Nm) Swing torque (Nm)
r/minSwing speed (r/min)

81

5-2 Parameters comparison between 925D and

925LC()
Product model

925D()

925D()

925LCI

25500

25500

25500

1.2

1.2

1.1

133/2000

142/2200

125/2100

2230

2230

2210

32.2

32.2

31.4

70045

70045

68700

11.5

10.5

10.6

knBucket breakout force (kN) ISO

149/160

149/160

149/160

knArm breakout force (kN) ISO

105/114

105/114

105/114

mmMax. dumping height (mm)

6840

6840

6680

mmMax. digging depth (mm)

7015

7015

7000

10390

10390

10260

mmMax. digging height (mm)

9720

9720

9750

mmMax. reach at ground level

(mm)

10230

10230

10020

kgOperating weight (kg)

m Standard bucket capacity (m)
kwRated power (kw)
l/minHydraulic system flow (l/min)
MpaMain pressure of working
device (Mpa)
Nm) Swing torque (Nm)
r/minSwing speed (r/min)

mmMax. reach (mm)

82

5-4 922D overall appearance

922LCI

922D
83

5-4 922D overall appearance

922LCI

922D

84

5-4 925D overall appearance

925LCI

925D

85

5-4 925D overall appearance

925LCI

925D

86

Shaping the future together

Thanks!

87