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1.

(a)

Differentiate twice and obtaining

d2 y
dy
10 cos 5 x 25 x sin 5 x
sin 5 x 5 x cos 5 x
2
dx
and dx
Substitute to give

(b)

3
10

M1 A1
M1 A1

Complementary function is y A cos 5 x B sin 5 x


5ix
5ix
or Pe Qe

M1 A1

3
x sin 5 x
So general solution is y A cos 5 x B sin 5 x + 10
or in exponential form
(c)

y = 0 when x = 0 means A = 0

dy
3
3
5 B cos 5 x sin 5 x x cos 5 x
dx
10
2
and at x = 0
dy
5
dx
and so 5 = 5A

A1 ft
B1

M1 M1

So B = 1

A1

3
x sin 5 x
So y sin 5 x + 10

A1

St Charles Catholic Sixth Form College

(d)

Sinusoidal through O amplitude becoming larger

B1

2 3 4
,
, ,
Crosses x axis at 5 5 5 5

B1

2
[14]

St Charles Catholic Sixth Form College

d2x
2.

dt

(a)

dx
dx
6 x 2e t , x 0, 2 at t 0.
dt
dt

2
AE, m 5m 6 0 ( m 3)(m 2) 0
m 3, 2.

Ae m1t Be m2t , where m1 m 2

3t
2t
So, xCF Ae Be

Ae

t
x ke

3t

Be

2 t

PI

e t

So, x Ae 3t Be 2t e t

dx
3 Ae 3t 2 Be 2t e t
dt
t 0, x 0

t 0,

A1

dx
d2x
ke t 2 ke t
dt
dt

ke t 5( ke t ) 6ke t 2e t 2ke t 2e t Substitutes ket


into the differential equation given in the question.
k 1
Finds k = 1.

So, x

M1

0=A+B+1

dx
2
dt

M1
A1

their xCF + their xPI

*M1

dx
by differentiating
Finds dt
their xCF and their xPI

*dM1

Applies t = 0, x = 0 to x

2 = 3A 2B 1

and

t 0,

dx
dx
2 to to
dt
dt

*ddM1

form simultaneous equations.


2 A 2 B 2

3 A 2 B 3

A = 1, B = 0
So, x = e

3t

+e

St Charles Catholic Sixth Form College

3t

x = e

+e

A1 cao

(b)

x = e

3t

+e

dx
3e 3t e t 0
dt

dx
Differentiates their x to give dt

M1

dx
and puts dt equal to 0.
2t

3e =0
t 12 ln 3
So, x e
x3

1
3 3

32

32 ln 3

1
3

12 ln 3

12

A credible attempt to solve.


t 12 ln 3 t ln 3
or awrt 0.55
e

ln 3 32

3 3

2 3
9

2 3
uses exact values to give 9

d2x
9e 3 t e t
dt 2

At

t 12 ln 3,

9(3)

32

A1

ln 3 12

Substitutes their t back into x


and an attempt to eliminate out the lns.
2

dM1 *

ddM1

A1 AG

d2x
2
Finds dt

d2x
d2x
32 ln 3
12 ln 3

9
e

e
2
dt 2
and substitutes their t into dt dM1 *

12

9
3 3

1
3

d2x
9
1
2

0
dt 2
3
3
3
3

As

1
3

then x is maximum.

9
3 3

1
3

and
maximum
conclusion.

A1

7
[15]

St Charles Catholic Sixth Form College

3.

(a)

m + 4m + 3 = 0 m = 1, m = 3
M1A1
t
3t
C.F. (x =)Ae + Be
must be function of t, not x
A1
2
P.I. x = pt + q (or x = at + bt + c)
B1
4p + 3(pt + q) = kt + 5 3p = k (Form at least one eqn. in p and/or q)M1
4p + 3q = 5
k
5 4k 15 4k
p ,q

3
3 9
9
A1
kt 15 4k

t
3t
9
General solution: x = Ae + Be + 3
must include x = and be function of t
A1ft

M1 for auxiliary equation substantially correct


B1 not awarded for x = kt + constant
(b)

When k = 6, x = 2t 1

M1 A1cao

M mark for using k = 6 to derive a linear expression in t.


(cf must have involved negative exponentials only)
so e.g. y = 2t 1 is M1 A0
[9]

4.

(a)

Solve auxiliary equation 3m m 2 = 0 to obtain m =

2
3 or 1 M1A1

2
x

3 Be x
C.F is Ae
2
Let PI = lx + mx + v. Find y = 2lx + m, and y = 2l and
substitute into d.e.
1
1
7
, and v
2
4,
Giving l = 2

\y =

1 2 1
7
x x
2
2
4

2
x
Ae 3

A1ft
M1
A1A1A1

Be x

A1ft

Attempt to solve quadratic expression with 3 terms (usual rules)


Both values required for first accuracy.
Real values only for follow through
Second M 3 term quadratic for PI required
Final A1ft for their CF+ their PI dependent upon at least one M

St Charles Catholic Sixth Form College

(b)

Use boundary conditions:


7

2= 4 +A+B
y =

1 2

2 3

2
x
Ae 3

Be x

M1A1ft

1 2

and 3 = 2 3 A + B

Solve to give A = 3/4, B = 3 (\y =

M1A1

1 2 1
7 3
x x
2
2
4 4

2
x
e 3

3e x

) M1 A1

Second M for attempt to differentiate their y and third M


for substitution
[14]

5.

C.F. m + 3m + 2 = 0
x
2x
y = Ae + Be

m = 1 and m = 2

M1
A1

P.I. y = cx + dx + e
dy
d2 y
2cx d , 2 2c
dx
dx

B1
2

2c + 3(2cx + d) + 2(cx + dx + e) 2x + 6x M1
2c = 2
c=1
(One correct value)
A1
6c + 2d = 6
d=0
2c + 3d + 2e = 0
e = 1
(Other two correct values)
A1
x
2x
2
General soln: y = Ae + Be + x 1
(Their C.F. + their P.I.)
A1ft

x = 0, y = 1: 1 = A + B 1
dy
dy
Ae x 2 Be 2 x 2 x, x 0,
1
dx
dx
Solving simultaneously: A = 5 and B = 3
x
2x
2
Solution: y = 5e 3e + x 1

St Charles Catholic Sixth Form College

(A + B = 2)

M1

1 = A 2B

M1
M1A1
A1

st

1 M:Attempt to solve auxiliary equation.

dy
d2 y
and 2
nd
dx into the D>E> to form an identity in x
2 M:
Substitute their dx
with unknown constants.
rd

3 M:
Using y = 1 at x = 0 in their general solution to find an equation in
A and B.
th

4 M:Differentiating their general solution (condone slips, but the powers


dy
of each term must be correct) and using dx = 1 at x = 0 to find an
equation in A and B.
th

5 M:Solving simultaneous equations to find both a value of A and a value of B.


[12]

6.

(a)

dy
dx
dx
2 x 3
dt = 2x 3 t [Use of chain rule; need dt ]
y = x dt
2

d y
dt

2 x 3

d x
dt

dx

dt

6x 4

2 d x
3

( given d.e. by x ) x dt
d2 y

3
dt 2

becomes
4

M1

6 dx

x 4 dt
d2 y
dt 2

A1ft, M1A1
2

1
x2

y3

AG

A1 cso

Second M1 is for attempt at product rule. (be generous)


Final A1 requires all working correct and sufficient substitution work

(b)

Auxiliary equation: m + 1 = 0 and produce


Complementary Function y =
(y) = A cos t + B sin t
Particular integral: y = 3
\ General solution: (y) = A cos t + B sin t + 3

M1
A1cao
B1
A1ft

Answer can be stated; M1 is implied by correct C.F. stated


(allow q for t)
A1 f.t. for candidates CF + PI
2
2
Allow m + m = 0 and m 1 = 0 for M1. Marks for (b) can
be gained in (c)

St Charles Catholic Sixth Form College

1
(c)

x 2 = A cos t + B sin t + 3
1
x = 2 , t = 0 (4 = A + 3) A = 1

B1

dx
dx
2 x 3
dt = A sin t + B cos t
Differentiating (to include dt ):
dx
0
dt
, t = 0 (0 = 0 + B)
B=0

1
x

3 cos t so x

M1
M1

1
3 cos t

A1 cao

2 or AWRT 0.707 B1

Second M : complete method to find other constant


(This may involve solving two equations in A and B)

1
(d)

(Max. value of x when cos t = 1) so max x =

[14]

7.

(a)

(b)

y = 3sin2x + 6x cos 2x

M1

y = 12 cos 2x - 12 x sin2x

A1

Substituting

M1

12 cos 2x - 12 xsin2x + 12x sin2 = k cos 2x

k = 12

A1

General solution is y = A cos 2x + B sin 2x + 3xsin 2x

B1

(0, 2) A = 2

B1


B
, B
2
4
4
4 2

M1

y 2 cos 2 x

sin 2 x 3x sin 2 x
4

Needs y = ...

A1

4
[8]

8.

(a)

m + 2m + 5 = 0

= 1 2i

M1 A1

x = e (A cos 2t + B sin 2t)


M: Correct form (needs the two different constants)

St Charles Catholic Sixth Form College

M1 A1

(b)

(1, 0)

A=1

dB1

x = et (A cos 2t + B sin 2t) + et (2A sin 2t + 2B cos 2t)


M: Product diff. attempt

dM1

With A = 1, e {cos2t(1 + 2B) + sin 2t( B 2)}


x = 1, t = 0

1 = A + 2B

M1

B=1
(x = e (cos 2t + sin 2t))
M: Use value of A to find B.

dM1 A1cso

(c)

x
1
3

B1

Single oscillation between 0 and


Decreasing amplitude (dep. on a turning point)

B1ft

Initially increasing to maximum

B1ft

3
7
Any one correct intercept, whether in terms of or not: 1 or 8 or 8

B1

(Allow degrees: 67.5 or 157.5) (Allow awrt 0.32 or 1.18 or 2.75)


[13]

(a)

First M: Form and attempt to solve auxiliary equation.


nd

(1+2i) t

M: Ae

+5e

(1+2i) t

m1
m2 t
scores M1, as does Ae Be for real m1,m2.

(b)

B mark and first and third M marks are dependent on the Ms in part (a).

(c)

First B1: Starts on positive x-axis, dips below t-axis, above t-axis at t = ,
and no more than 2 turning points between 0 and
(Assume 0 to if axis is not labelled).
Second B1ft: Increasing amplitude for positive real part of m.
Third B 1ft: Initially decreasing to minimum for negative B.
Initially at maximum for B = 0.
Final B1: Dependent on a sketch attempt.
Confusion of variables: Can lose the final A mark in (a).

St Charles Catholic Sixth Form College

9.

(a)

2m + 5m + 2 = 0
Attempt aux eqn m =

M1

1
m = 2 , 2
2t

\xCF = Ae

1
t
Be 2

A1

C.F.
Particular Integral: x = pt + q
P.I.

B1

x = p, x = 0 and sub.
5p + 2q + 2pt = 2t + q p = 1, q = 2

M1
A1

General solution x = Ae
(b)

2t

+ Be

1
t
2

+t+2

A1ft (ft ms, p.q)

x = 3, t = 0 3 = A + B + 2 (or A + B = 1)

M1

1
x = 2Ae2t 2

1
t
Be 2

+1

M1

Attempt x

1
x = 1, t = 0 1 = 2A 2 B + 1 (or 4A + B = 4)

A1

2 correct eqns
2t

Solving A = 1, B = 0 and x = e

(c)

x = 2e2t + 1 = 0
x = 0

1
t = 2 ln 2
x = 4e2t > 0 ("t) \min
1
ln2
Min x = e
+ 2 ln 2 + 2
1 1
= 2 + 2 ln 2 + 2
1
= 2 (5 + ln 2) (*)

+t+2

A1

M1

A1
M1

A1 c.s.o.

4
[14]

St Charles Catholic Sixth Form College

10

10.

(a)

(b)

Auxiliary equation: m + 2m + 2 = 0 m = 1 i
1
Complementary Function is y = e (A cos t + B sin t)
1
1
1
Particular Integral is y = le , with y = le , and y = le
1
1
\(l 2l + 2l)e = 2e l = 2
1
\y = e (A cos t + B sin t + 2)
Puts 1 = A + 2 and solves to obtain A = 1
1
1
y = e (A sin t + B cos t) e (A cos t + B sin t + 2)
Puts 1 = B A 2 and uses value for A to obtain B
B=2
t
\y = e (2 sin t cos t + 2)

M1
M1A1
M1
A1
B1

M1 A1ft
M1
A1cso
A1cso

6
[12]

St Charles Catholic Sixth Form College

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