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GEOTHERMAL
POWERPLANTS
Ansaldo Energia
and Geothermal Energy
and plant designs, engineering, manufacturing, contracting, service activities and customers assistance for thermal, geothermal,
combined cycle and many activities for nuclear
power plants.
Ansaldo Energias experience with geothermal
power plants dates back to 1913, when the
first turbine-generator unit ever driven by geothermal steam rated 250 kW, entered service
at Larderello (Italy).
Since then units totalling over 2,000 MW have
been installed both in Italy and abroad.
Geothermal
Steam Cycles
Geothermal fluid may be in the form
of steam or hot water, or a combination of the two: geothermal fields
are named accordingly as vapour
dominated or liquid dominated,
with single, or double flash system
and their exploitation for power generation involves different plant arrangements to feed steam into the
turbines.
55 MW Steam Turbine
Steam
Steam Ejector
Demister
Steam
Turbine
To Atmosphere
Cooling
Tower
Air
Condenser
Steam &
Brine
From
Wells
To Injection Wells
Equipment
for Geothermal Power Plants
Ansaldo Energia can provide optimized solutions for geothermal power plants in the range
20 to 150 MW for 50 and 60 Hz markets.
Plant design, supply and installation
Ansaldo Energia can provide not only steam
turbine - generator sets, but also complete integrated package including architecture, civil,
mechanical, electrical and automation design,
supply of equipment, installation and commissioning of the power plant.
Steam Turbine
Features
Benefits
Impulse construction,
with new generation
airfoil and sealing
High efficiency
and better protection
against foreign
materials on steam path
Single, double,
four flow
configuration
Patented design
solutions to prevent
problems arising
from dissolved solids
Simplified
maintenance
Moisture
protection
Moisture removal
groove on moving blades
Moisture Protection
Generator
Air cooled generator in closed circuit (TEWAC),
featuring a modular, compact design and high
efficiency:
Rated output: depends on the size
Class F insulation system
Power factor 0.8
Rated voltage 11.5 or 13.8 kV
Static excitation
Specific features are introduces for geothermal application to protect the copper from
H2S corrosion (special painting, gold plating,
tinning, etc.).
Condenser
Since the condensate does not have to be recovered, a spray type direct contact condenser
is often used.
The condenser is arranged beneath the turbine or laterally connected by means of a crossover steam duct.
The water is injected into the condensing chamber by means of a network system consisting
of manifolds, pipes and spray nozzles.
The condensing chamber is connected to two
gas cooler sections where the final condensation takes place, in addition to non condensable gases temperature abatement by means of
the spray nozzles on the top and trays arranged beneath the nozzles.
The nozzles of the whirl-jet type are with ample
orifice section to prevent clogging and are easily removable for inspection and cleaning.
The Condenser shell and internals are in
stainless steel.
Non condensable gas removal system
Since the geothermal steam flowing into the condenser contains a large amount of non condensable gas, essentially carbon dioxide (CO2), a high
efficiency extraction system shall be provided.
Two options are available:
Steam ejectors
Centrifugal compressor driven by an electric
motor or coupled to the turbo-generator.
The choice between the two is based on the
gas percentage in the geothermal steam:
steam ejectors are preferred for low gas content.
3 x 55 MW - Gunung Salak
(Indonesia)
Control System
The control system, based on proven
architecture developed by Ansaldo
Energia, with reliable hardware, software and system interfaces delivers
information to operators and decision
makers in an easy usable format and
handles operation, maintenance, control efficiency and safety in such a
way as to minimize outages.
Control system development is based
on functional segregation between:
Balance of Plant
Steam Turbine Auxiliary control loop
and slow control loop
Steam Turbine Governor
Protection System
The control system includes the supervisory system which provides the
information needed to assess the
mechanical condition of rotating machinery.
These systems continuously measure
and monitor a variety of supervisory
parameters, providing crucial information for
early identification of machinery problems.
Services
Ansaldo Energia, with its long standing experience in the geothermal power plant sector
can provide a wide range of services for both
OEM and NON-OEM geothermal plants:
New turbines and generators tailor made
for old geothermal plants
Steam path upgrading for existing units
to match changed steam conditions
Repairing damaged equipment
Supplying replacement parts
Generator rewinding
Control system
Petergraf
05/2012
MEXICO
Los Humeros/Los
Azufres 10 x 5 MW
Pathe 1 x 2 MW
NICARAGUA
Momotombo
2 x 35 MW
USA
Middle Town
2 x 55 MW
ITALY
> 110 Units
> 1600 MW
TURKEY
Kizildere 1 x 18 MW
PHILIPPINES
Bacon Manito 2 x 55 MW
COSTARICA
Miravalles
1 x 55 MW
INDONESIA
Gunung Salak 3 x 55 MW
Dieng 1 x 60 MW
ansaldoenergia.com