Hemingway's narrative style in For whom the bell tolls

Ernest Hemingway was born on July 21, 1899, in suburban Oak Park, IL, to Dr.
Clarence and Grace Hemingway. Ernest was the second of six children to be raised
in the quiet suburban town. His father was a physician, and both parents were
devout Christian.
Hemingway's own life and character are as fascinating as in any of his stories. On
one level, Papa was a legendary adventurer who enjoyed his flamboyant lifestyle
and celebrity status. However, deep inside lived a disciplined author who worked
tirelessly in pursuit of literary perfection. His success in both living and writing is
reflected in the fact that Hemingway is a hero to intellectuals and rebels alike; the
passions of the man are equaled only by those in his writing.
For Whom the Bell Tolls is a novel by Ernest Hemingway published in 1940. It
tells the story of Robert Jordan, a young American in the International Brigades
attached to a republican guerrilla unit during the Spanish Civil War. As an expert in
the use of explosives, he is assigned to blow up a bridge during an attack on the
city of Segovia. Hemingway biographer Jeffrey Meyers writes the novel is regarded
as one of Hemingway's best works, along with The Sun Also Rises, The Old Man and
the Sea, and A Farewell to Arms.
As the equal criticism was becoming more and more popular in the 1990s, the
"ecofemininism" was rise followed in response to the proper time and conditions,
which based on the principle of zoology. It judge the articles again to see whether it
is helpful to the stable and consistent exist of the nature principle and zoology.
.Hemingway's Unique Writing Style.
A.the consistency of material selection.
War is the main material in 's art work.Hemingway has took part in the world
war ,being a War correspondent in the Spanish Civil War,Chinas War of Resistance
against Japan,and the World War .For whom the bell tolls and A farewell to Arms
depict the wars become the world-known works.
Boxing is another main theme in his novel.Hemingway himself likes to show his
male power in the prizing ring.He even sees the boxing as the epitome of his entire
life.
Hemingway hides her special understanding about human society under the
content of hunting as well as his attempt to generalize the conflicts between human
and nature.His respectable works about fishing are The Old Man and the Sea,which
helps him won the Pulitzer Prize and the The Nobel Prize in Literature.
In many Hemingway stories, the ability to conquer nature by hunting and
killing animals is the test of masculinity. For example, in The Short Happy Life of
Francis Macomber, the title character comes into his own by shooting buffalo. In
Up in Michigan, Jim Gilmore is marked as masculine and therefore desirable to Liz

Coates because he goes on a deer hunt. In A Days Wait, Nick Adams goes hunting
in order to teach his sick son self-reliance. Lastly, in Fathers and Sons, Nick
describes with admiration his fathers ability to see and shoot game and describes
with gratitude his fathers transfer of hunting and fishing knowledge to him.
B.uniqueness of the theme.
Love is a perpetual theme in literary works.Owing to different experience and
World view,love that they respectively depict is not same in their works.
Also a near-constant presence in Hemingways stories is the theme of death,
either in the form of death itself, the knowledge of the inevitability of death, or the
futility of fleeing death. Clearly evocative of death are the stories in which
Hemingway describes actual deaths: the war experiences of The Snows of
Kilimanjaro and In Another Country; the suicides of A Clean, Well-Lighted Place
and Fathers and Sons; and the accidents of The Capital of the World and The
Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber.
Hand-in-glove with the theme of death is another Hemingway favorite:
fatalistic heroism or heroic fatalism. This attitude entails facing ones certain death
with dignity. In addition, Hemingway can be seen to embrace nihilism, the belief
that life is meaningless and that resistance to death is futile, in some of his stories.
In short, Hemingway, critics have speculated, feared death but was fascinated by it;
it crops up in one form or another in nearly every one of his stories.
Animals in the Hemingway canon, whether they are game, pets, or wild,
sometimes serve as symbols for their human hunters, caretakers or observers. In
The Snows of Kilimanjaro, the frozen leopard on the top of the mountain
represents immortality, which is the quality Harry strives for even as he is dying.
The hyena in that story, conversely, represents Harrys impending death. In Old
Man at the Bridge, Hemingway switches the word pigeons, a reference to the old
mans eight pet birds, for the word doves, a symbol of peace in the midst of the
Spanish Civil War. In Hills Like White Elephants, the white elephant of the title is
Jigs unborn baby, a cumbersome, largely useless thing that is on the brink of
driving the relationship apart. In The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber, the
wounded lion that Francis shoots and then runs away from represents the obstacle
to his proving his masculinity; though not cowardly itself, it represents Macombers
cowardice.
. Narrative Style
A. Hemingway's Style of Writing.
1. Telegraphic dialogue.
The style of this passage is classic Hemingway. The phrase structures are the
simplest possiblethere are no commas. The telegraphic dialogue gives the
sentences a concrete, explicit and physical shape, just like a flowing river. The
simplicity of the grammar hides the depth of feeling just below the surface: Robert
Jordan touches the elements of his physical world, He knows he is about to die.

Hemingways language, with its deep feeling simmering below unadorned stoicism,
is an echo of his hero.
2.Brief and Sentient Depiction of Scenery.
"He was completely integrated now and he took a good long look at
everything. Then he looked up at the sky. There were big white clouds in it. He
touched the palm of his hand against the pine needles where he lay and he touched
the bark of the pine trunk that he lay behind"--This passage from the last chapter of
the novel describes Robert Jordan's continual struggle with himself to figure out his
motives and his purpose. For the first time, he feelscompletely integrated with his
world.
Nature, in the form of beautiful landscapes and wholesome surroundings, is a
constant presence in Hemingways short fiction. It is often the only thing in the text,
animate or inanimate, that is described in a positive or laudatory fashion.
Hemingway was a great believer in the power of nature, both in terms of its beauty
and its challenges, to improve ones quality of life. He was a lifelong outdoorsman,
an avid hunter, fisherman, camper and boater, and he believed that overcoming
natural obstacles using only ones intelligence and skills made one a better person.
In addition, Hemingways characters look to majestic landscapes and other
manifestations of natural beauty for hope, inspiration, and even guidance during
difficult or challenging times.
In For whom the bell tolls, the development of Jordan's characteristic is carried
out by his relationship between the nature and him. At the beginning of the it, he
observe the world behind the telescope. "He lay flat on the brown, pine-needled
floor of the forest, his chin on his folded arms, and high overhead the wind blew in
the tops of the pine trees.--"The mountainside sloped gently where he lay; but
below it was steep and he could see the dark of the oiled road winding through the
pass", obviously because his attention must pay on the military, he sees the
surrounding scene as a challenge toward his work. This military consciousness
makes him alienate not only the earth and environment, but also the people around
him. However, with the development of the story, he began to have a strong feeling
about it especially the pine tree, so as to the nature and comprehension of the
world.
3. Indirect Psychological Depiction.
Hemingway never analysis the motivation in his novel while he was writing
articles.we only see the characters' facial expression,such as the hero's words,
doing things,but not his or her inside feelings.when Robert Jordan lay with the
girl,"His throat swelled when his cheek moved against Maria's hair and there was a
hollow aching from his throat all through him as he held his arms around her; his
head dropped, his eyes close to the watch where the lance-pointed, luminous
splinter moved slowly up the left face of the dial",which is a perfect expression
because from this we can not only see Jorden's deep love to Maria,but also feel the
complex and paradox in his language.

B. Rhetorical Devices.
Sarcasm
E.M.Hardy has said that sarcasm made his novel becoming the best novel
silently...between the expectation and the reality, the disguise and truth, the
intention and behaviour, the information you send and receive., Things people
imagine or supposed to be in the world and the real situation is a sarcasm distance.
He is really good at strengthen the theme and discover the paradox by using
sarcasm.
Parallelism
Hemingway also use a lot of parallelism to enrich his novel. he always set the
background in a tragic world because only by this can he prove the spirit's
permanent and the loneliness of heart.
Symbolism
Because there are lots of simple and direct dialogue in For whom the bell tolls,
at first i thought it's easy to read, but if you reread it carefully, you will find there
are full of obscurities which indicate a more profounding meaning. At the end of this
novels,
When the dying Jordan looking down the hill slop again " He could feel his heart
beating against the pine needle floor of the forest" , obviously he acquired the
ultimate cognition. It's something that he can't speak out but can be perceived and
understood.Although his career and life are tragic, but the earth is going to moving
around and the career he has been struggling for will last long and perspective.
.Literary Significance and Critical Reaction.
Since its publication, the prose style and dialogue in Hemingway's novel has
been the source of controversy and some negative critical reaction.
The book is written in the third person limited omniscient narrative mode. The
action and dialogue are punctuated by extensive thought sequences told from
theviewpoint of Robert Jordan. The novel also contains thought sequences of other
characters, including Pilar and Anselmo. The thought sequences are an important
narrative device to explore the principal themes of the novel.
In 1941 the Pulitzer Prize committee for letters unanimously recommended For
Whom the Bell Tolls be awarded the prize for that year.
However, Hemingay's artistic depict also has limitation. He is not good at
expanding to a more wide society and living things. His heroes is lack of multiple,
plenty feature.
.conclusion.
Hemingway skillfully portrays the ignorance and lack of seriousness of the
soldiers and the general lack of interest in the war. Hemingway makes the danger of

such a situation clear when Andres says: "He did not like these people who were like
dangerous children; dirty, foul, undisciplined, kind, loving, silly and ignorant but
always dangerous because they were armed." Again, we see a stereotypical
characterization of the Spaniards.
At last, I would like to quote the poem at the beginning of the For whom the
bell tolls-No man is an Iland, intire of it selfe; every man is a peece of the Continent, a
part of the maine; if a Clod bee washed away by the Sea, Europe is the lesse, as
well as if a Promontorie were, as well as if a Mannor of thy friends or of thine owne
were; any mans death diminishes me, because I am involved in Mankinde; And
therefore never send to know for whom the bell tolls; It tolls for thee.