From

ANILA P S,
Preliminary M.D. (Ayu) Scholar in Ayurveda Siddhanta,
Department of Samhita Samskruta Siddhanta,
SDM College of Ayurveda and Hospital,Hassan-573201.
To
THE REGISTRAR,
Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences Bangalore,
Karnataka.
Through
THE PRINCIPAL,
SDM College of Ayurveda and Hospital,Hassan-573201.
Subject: Submission of completed proforma for Registration of Subject for Dissertation.
Respected Sir,
I humbly request you to kindly register the below mentioned subject against my name
for the submission of the dissertation to Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences,
Karnataka, Bangalore for partial fulfilment of MD (Ayurveda).
Title of the Dissertation:
A CONCEPTUAL STUDY ON PERCEPTION OF EPISTEMOLOGY IN
DARSHANA AND ITS APPLICATION IN AYURVEDA.
Herewith I am enclosing the completed pro forma of synopsis for registration of
subject for dissertation.
Thanking You.
Date:

Place: Hassan

Yours faithfully

( Anila P.S.)

RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES KARNATAKA,

BENGALURU
COMPLETED PROFORMA FOR THE REGISTRATION OF SUBJECT
(AYURVEDA SIDDHANTA) FOR THE DISSERTATION IN M.D. (AYURVEDA)
A CONCEPTUAL STUDY ON PERCEPTION OF EPISTEMOLOGY IN
DARSHANA AND ITS APPLICATION IN AYURVEDA
By
Dr. ANILA P S
1st M.D. (Ayu) Scholar in Ayurveda Siddhanta.
Dept. of Samhita Samskrita Siddhanta.

GUIDE

CO-GUIDE

Dr. VIDYA NAGAONKAR

MD (Ayu)

Dr. RAJA RAJESHWARI N M MD(Ayu)

Reader

Lecturer

Dept. of Samhita Samskruta Siddhanta

Dept. of Samhita Samskruta Siddhanta

S.D.M.C.A,Hassan - 573201

S.D.M.C.A,Hassan - 573201

2011 - 2012

SDM COLLEGE OF AYURVEDA & HOSPITAL,

Hassan, Karnataka

RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES, KARNATAKA,

BENGALURU.

ANNEXURE II

COMPLETED PROFORMA FOR REGISTRATION OF SUBJECT FOR

DISSERTATION
1. NAME OF THE CANDIDATE: DR. ANILA P S,
AND ADDRESS
(IN BLOCK LETTERS)

PRELIMINARY M.D. (AYU) SCHOLAR.

DEPT. OF SAMHITA SAMSKRUTA SIDDHANTA
S.D.M.C.A. HASSAN573201.

PERMANENT ADDRESS

: D/O Dr. V. PRABHAKARAN

KAMALAMANDIRAM
PARAVILA, PACHALLOOR P.O,
THIRUVANANTHAPURAM, KERALA-695027

2. NAME OF THE INSTITUTION: S.D.M. COLLEGE OF AYURVEDA

AND HOSPITAL, HASSAN 573 201.
3. COURSE OF THE STUDY IN : M.D AYURVEDA SIDDHANTA
SUBJECT
4. DATE OF ADMISSION TO

: 12/08/2011

THE COURSE
5. TITLE OF THE DISSERTATION:
A CONCEPTUAL STUDY ON THE PERCEPTION OF EPISTEMOLOGY IN
DARSHANA AND ITS APPLICATION IN AYURVEDA

6. BRIEF RESUME OF INTENDED WORK

6.1. NEED FOR THE STUDY:
Darshanas are the fundamental sciences which provide the base for other applied sciences
like Ayurveda. Ayurveda has inculcated many principles from Darshanas and Epistemology
(pramana shastra) is one such principle which is widely used in Ayurveda.

Different

Acharyas have adopted different means of knowledge from Darshanas. The description of
four means of knowledge (Pramanas) accepted by Sushruta are same as Nyaya sastra. Being
more useful in the science of medicine Yukti has been accepted as Pramana by Caraka.
Upamana pramana has also been used where ever it seems useful. Beside these Aitihya and
Arthapathi are the Pramanas are accepted by other Philosophical schools which are accepted
by Ayurveda in a different context.
Even though the Epistemology, explained in the Indian Philosophies has a great
influence on Ayurveda, the Indian Science of Medicine, still there is modification in its
applicability. The diagnosis, in Ayurveda is purely based on Pancha Nidana and these inturn
depend on Pramanas. And in the era where diagnostic tools are dominating the medical world
the relevance of these tools of examination (Pramanas) is a question. So this study has been
planned to conduct a literary study on the Indian Philosophical Epistemology and its
influence in interpreting and explaining Ayurvedic principles.
6.2 REVIEW OF LITERATURE:
Epistemology is the branch of philosophy concerned with the nature and scope
(limitations) of knowledge1. According to Ayurveda, things are either existent (sat) or non
existent (asat), and they can be investigated by four Pramanas namely Aptopadesha,
Pratyaksha, Anumana and Yukti 2. Caraka mentions that the knowledge of three Pramanas is
essential for the proper knowledge of disease 3.Sushruta describes four types of the sources of
knowledge namely Pratyaksha, Anumana, Agama and Upamana 4.Yukti is the fourth source
of knowledge as it was found practically useful in the description of disease and treatment 5.
For a Jnanavan, there are two types of examinations - pratyaksha (perceptual) and Anumana
(inferential). For others Upadesha (instructions) with the above two constitute the methods of
examination (Pariksha)6. Nyaya Sastra mentions four types of Pramana namely Pratyaksha,
Anumana, Upamana and Sabda. Arthapatti, Sambhava adi Pramanas are included in the
above said Pramanas7. Tarka Sangraha mentions four types of Pramana namely Pratyaksha 8,

Anumana9, Upamana10 and Sabda11. Acharya also mention that Vakyas are of two types
Vaidika and Laukika. In Vaidika whatever is mentioned is Pramana, but in Laukika, the
vakya told by Aptha are considered as Pramana12.

6.3 PREVIOUS WORKS DONE:

1.

Punda S S.- Role of Pratyaksha Pramana and its application in clinical practice
w.s.r. to Caraka. Akola, Amaravati University - 2001.

2. Verma M.K.- Samhita Granthon Mein Varnit Anumana Pramana Siddhanta Ka Rogi

Pareeksha Drishtikon Se Mahatva Tatha Upayogita. Akola, Amaravati University 2002.

3. Dwivedi Laxmikant.- Ayurveda Mein Carakanumata Pramana Vicharana Evam

Unki Upayogita. Mumbai, Mumbai University - 1995.

4. Deshmukh A P.- Ayurvedeeya Shareera Rachana Par Darshana Shashtron Ka

Visheshataha Samkhya evam Nyaya-Vaisheshika Darshana Ka Prabhava. Nagpur,

Nagpur University - 1991.
5. Dhanorkar

P B.- Ayurveda Mein Samkhya Darshana: Ek Adhyayana. Nagpur,

Nagpur University - 1991.

6. Dhurade Smita V.- Ayurveda Aur Vaisheshika Darshana: Ek Adhyayana. Nagpur,

Nagpur University - 1992.

7. Sharma D J.- Carakokta Purusha Vichara Par Vibhinna Darshanon Ke Prabhava ka

Adhyayana. Akola, Amaravati University - 1995.

6.4 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY:
1. To perceive the idea of Pramana (Epistemology) in Indian philosophy (Darshana).
2. To study extent of modification in principles of Pramana (Epistemology) in
Ayurveda.
7. MATERIALS AND METHODS:
7.1 SOURCE OF DATA:
Literary source will be collected from the Brihatrayis and Indian philosophy.

7.2 METHOD OF COLLECTION OF DATA:

a) PLAN OF THE STUDY:
1. An extensive literary study will be done on epistemology from Brihatrayis and
Indian Philosophy.
2. A comparative critical analysis will be made as to see the extent of modification in the
principles.
(a) Inclusion criteria:

The Pramanas mentioned in Brihatrayis and Astika Darshanas (Shad Darshanas)

namely Nyaya Darshana, Vaisheshika Darshana, Samkhya Darshana, Yoga Darshana, Purva
mimamsa Darshana and Uttara mimamsa Darshana will be included in the study.
(b) Exclusion criteria:
The Pramanas mentioned in Nastika Darshana (Charvaka Darshana) and Astika
Nastika Darshanas (Jaina Buddha Darshana) will be excluded from the study.
7.3 DOES THE STUDY NEED ANY INVESTIGATION OR INTERVENTION TO
BE CONDUCTED ON PATIENTS OR OTHER HUMANS OR ANIMALS?
IF SO, PLEASE DESCRIBE BRIEFLY.
Not applicable
7.4

HAS THE ETHICAL CLEARANCE HAVE BEEN OBTAINED FROM YOUR

INSTITUTION IN CASE OF 7.3?
Yes

8. LIST OF REFERENCES:
1. Merriam G&C., Websters Revised Unabridged Dictionary.1913, Macmillian.,
Encyclopidia of Philosophy, vol 3. 1967. Epistemology[online].2012 Mar
12[cited 2012 march 13];
Available from: URL:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/epistemology#cite-note-0

2. Murthy Srikantha K.R., Caraka Samhita, 1sted. Varanasi: Chaukhambha

Orientalia; 2004. Vol 1 p.189.
3. Sharma Ram Karan, Vaidya Dash Bhagwan., Agniveshas Caraka Samhita, 5 th
ed. Varanasi: Chaukhambha Sanskrit Series Office; 1998. Vol 2 p.161.
4.

Murthy Srikantha K.R., Sushruta Samhita, 2nd ed. Varanasi: Chaukhambha

Orientalia; 2004. Vol 1 p.6.

5. Murthy Srikantha K.R., Caraka Samhita, 1sted. Varanasi: Chaukhambha

Orientalia; 2004. Vol 1 p.189.
6.

Sharma Ram Karan, Vaidya Dash Bhagwan., Agniveshas Caraka Samhita,

5th ed. Varanasi: Chaukhambha Sanskrit Series Office; 1998. Vol 2 p.274.

7. Acharya Sastri Dhundhiraja., Nyaya Darshana, 5th ed. Varanasi: Chaukhambha

Sanskrit Sansthan; 2001. p.23.
8. Annambhatta., Tarka Sangraha, 1st ed. Varanasi: Krishnadas Academy; 1987.
p. 31.
9. Annambhatta., Tarka Sangraha, 1st ed. Varanasi: Krishnadas Academy; 1987.
p. 38.
10. Annambhatta., Tarka Sangraha, 1st ed. Varanasi: Krishnadas Academy; 1987.
p. 60.
11. Annambhatta., Tarka Sangraha, 1st ed. Varanasi: Krishnadas Academy; 1987.
p. 62.
12. Annambhatta., Tarka Sangraha, 1st ed. Varanasi: Krishnadas Academy; 1987.
p. 65.

9. SIGNATURE OF CANDIDATE

10. NAME AND DESIGNATION

10.1 GUIDE

10.2 SIGNATURE AND SEAL

: DR. VIDYA NAGAONKAR M.D (AYU)

READER.
DEPT. OF SAMHITA SAMSKRUTA
SIDDHANTA
S.D.M.C.A. HASSAN573201
:

10.3 REMARKS OF GUIDE

11. CO-GUIDE

: DR. RAJA RAJESHWARI N M M.D (AYU)

LECTURER
DEPT. OF SAMHITA SAMSKRUTA
SIDDHANTA
S.D.M.C.A. HASSAN573201.

11.1. SIGNATURE

11.2 REMARKS OF CO-GUIDE:

12. HEAD OF DEPARTMENT

: DR. MALLIKA K J M.D (AYU)

READER AND H.O.D,
DEPT. OF SAMHITA SAMSKRUTA
SIDDHANTA
S.D.M.C.A. HASSAN573201.

12.1 SIGNATURE AND SEAL

12.2 REMARKS OF HOD

13 . REMARKS OF PRINCIPAL

13.1 SIGNATURE OF PRINCIPAL