Standards

Standard structural steels (Europe)

Most steels used throughout Europe are specified to comply with the European standard EN 10025.
However, many national standards also remain in force.
Typical grades are described as 'S275J2' or 'S355K2W'. In these examples, 'S' denotes structural rather
than engineering steel; 275 or 355 denotes the yield strength in newtons per square millimetre or the
equivalent megapascals; J2 or K2 denotes the materialstoughness by reference to Charpy impact
test values; and the 'W' denotes weathering steel. Further letters can be used to designate fine grain steel
('N' or 'NL'); quenched and tempered steel ('Q' or 'QL'); and thermomechanically rolled steel ('M' or
'ML').
1. S275JOH Specification S275JOH is steel grade in EN 10219 specification, EN 10210 standard. And
the most widely used specification is EN10219 standard, which is Cold-formed welded structural hollow
sections of non-alloy and fine grain steels.
EN10219-1 specifies the technical delivery conditions for cold formed welded structural hollow sections
of circular, square or rectangular forms and applies to structural hollow sections formed cold without
subsequent heat treatment.Requirements for S275JOH pipe tolerances, dimensions and sectional s275
pipe properties are contained in EN 10219-2.
2. S275JOH Steel Pipes manufacture Process
The steel manufacturing process shall be at the discretion of the steel producer. S275JOH carbon steel
pipes can be made in ERW, SAW or seamless process. All S275JOH steel material and S275JOH pipes
should conform to EN10219 standards.
The normal yield strength grades available are 195, 235, 275, 355, 420, and 460, although some grades
are more commonly used than others e.g. in the UK, almost all structural steel is grades S275 and S355.
Higher grades are available in quenched and tempered material (500, 550, 620, 690, 890 and 960 although grades above 690 receive little if any use in construction at present).
A set of euronorms define the shape of a set of standard structural profiles:

European I-beam: IPE - Euronorm 19-57

European I-beam: IPN - DIN 1025-1

European flange beams: HE - Euronorm 53-62

European channels: UPN - DIN 1026-1

European cold formed IS IS 800-1

Standard structural steels (USA)

Steels used for building construction in the US use standard alloys identified and specified by ASTM
International. These steels have an alloy identification beginning with A and then two, three, or four
numbers. The four-number AISI steel grades commonly used for mechanical engineering, machines, and
vehicles are a completely different specification series.
The standard commonly used structural steels are:
Carbon steels

A36 - structural shapes and plate.

A53 - structural pipe and tubing.

A500 - structural pipe and tubing.

A501 - structural pipe and tubing.

A529 - structural shapes and plate.

High strength low alloy steels

A441 - structural shapes and plates.

A572 - structural shapes and plates.

A618 - structural pipe and tubing.

A992 - Possible applications are W or S I-Beams.

A913 - Quenched and Self Tempered (QST) W shapes.

A270 - structural shapes and plates.

Corrosion resistant high strength low alloy steels

A243 - structural shapes and plates.

A588 - structural shapes and plates.

Quenched and tempered alloy steels

A514 - structural shapes and plates.

A517 - boilers and pressure vessels.

Eglin steel - Inexpensive aerospace and weaponry items.

Non-preload bolt assembly (EN 15048)

Pre-load bolt assembly (EN 14399)

CE marking
The concept of CE marking for all construction products and steel products is introduced by
the Construction Products Directive (CPD). The CPD is a European Directive that ensures the free
movement of all construction products within the European Union.
Because steel components are safety critical, CE Marking is not allowed unless the Factory Production
Control (FPC) system under which they are produced has been assessed by a suitable certification body
that has been approved to the European Commission.
In the case of steel products such as sections, bolts and fabricated steelwork the CE Marking demonstrates
that the product complies with the relevant harmonized standard.
For steel structures the main harmonized standards are:

Steel sections and plate - EN 10025-1

Hollow sections - EN 10219-1 and EN 10210-1

Pre-loadable bolts - EN 14399-1

Non-preloadable bolts - EN 15048-1

Fabricated steel - EN 1090 -1

The standard that covers CE Marking of structural steelwork is EN 1090-1. The standard has come into
force in late 2010. After a transition period of two years, CE Marking will become mandatory in most
European Countries sometime early in 2012. The official end date of the transition period is July 1, 2014.