7/31/2015

->systems in equilbrium (F = 0)
-> zero acceleration
Example: A 1kg mass is hanged on a rope and tied
on the ceiling. Find the tension in the rope.

APPLYING NEWTONS LAWS

Solution:

F
F

T
x

T w0
T w

1 kg

T mg

(1kg)(9.8m/s2 )
T 9.8N
2

Example: Find the tension in each rope.

Solution:
FBD for B:

FBD for A:

mB=2kg

T1

T2

T2 -m A g 0
T2 m A g

(3kg)(9.8m/s2 )
T2 29.4 N

Rope 2

30o

wA m A g

B
A

Problem 1: What must be the mass of A in order

for the system to be in equilibrium? What is the
tension in the rope?

Rope 1

T2

wB m B g

mA=3kg

Problem 2: A 1-kg mass is hanged on the ceiling

using 3 ropes (see Figure). Find the tension in
each rope.

Fy T1 T2-m B g 0
T1 T2 m B g

45o

45o

2
3

29.4N (2kg)(9.8m/s2 )
T1 49N

1kg

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->systems with non-zero acceleration (F = ma)

Example: Find the acceleration of the system and

the tension in each rope.

Example: Find the acceleration of the system and

the tension in each rope.

Solution:

Rope 1

mC=2kg

FBD for A:

wA mA g

T2 a

T1

mB=3kg

FBD for C:

FBD for B:

T1

T2

wB m B g

T1 m A g m A a

(1)

wC mC g

mC=2kg

Rope 2

T2 m B g m B a
T2 T1 mCa

(2)
(3)

a
mA=1kg

Eliminate T1 in (1) & (3)

Rope 1

Solution:

a
mA=1kg

Rope 2

Eliminate T2 in (4) & (2)

T1 m A g m A a

(1)

T1 m A g m A a

T2 mA g mA a mCa

T2 m B g m B a

(2)

T2 T1 mCa

T2 m B g m B a

T2 T1 mCa

(3)

T2 mA g mA a mCa

(4)

mB=3kg

mA g mB g mA a mCa mBa

mB mA g mA mB mC a

m B m A g
m A m B m C
3kg 1kg (9.8m/s2 )
1kg 2kg 3kg

a 3.27

m
s2

Example: Find the acceleration of the system and

the tension in each rope.

Rope 1

mC=2kg

Problem 1: Find the acceleration of the system (magnitude & direction) and the tension in
the rope.

Rope 2

Solution:
a

To solve for T1 we use (1)

a
mA=1kg

T1 m A g m A a

3.86m/s2
A

T1 m A g m A a

600N
5kg

(1kg)(9.8m/s2 ) (1kg)(3.27m/s2 )

60kg

30o

T1 13.07N

Problem 2:
Black Spider-Man tries to save Red
Spider-Man by pulling his spider web with a horizontal
force of 600N but Venom suddenly pulled them down
(using his weight) and they all move with an acceleration
of 3.86m/s2. What must be the mass of Venom in order
for him to do that?

To solve for T2 we use (2)

T2 m B g m B a
T2 m B g m B a

(3kg)(9.8m/s2 ) (3kg)(3.27m/s2 )

60kg

mB=3kg

T2 19.59N
7

3.86m/s2

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Example: Find the acceleration of the system. The

coefficient of kinetic friction between block C and
the table is 0.30.

Rope 1

Rope 2

Solution:

a
mA=1kg

FBD for A:

FBD for B:

T2 a

T2
x

wA mA g

wB m B g

T1 m A g m A a

T2 m B g m B a

(1)

(2)

T2

f k kC

T2 T1 k mC g mC a

T2 T1 f k mC a
(3)

Rope 2

a
mB=3kg

(1)

T2 T1 k mC g mC a

f k k mC g

wC mC g

mC=2kg

mA=1kg

T2 m B g m B a

f k k wC

Rope 1

Solution:

T1 m A g m A a

T1

mB=3kg

FBD for C:

mC=2kg

Example: Find the acceleration of the system. The

coefficient of kinetic friction between block C and
the table is 0.30.

(2)
(3)

m B m A - k m C g
m A m B m C

a 2.29

m
s2

The previous answer (frictionless surface) is 3.27 m/s2.

Problem 1: What must be the coefficient of static friction s in order for the system to
remain at rest (in equilibrium)?

10

Problem 2: Find the acceleration of the

system if all blocks rub against the
surfaces of the table. (The coefficient
of kinetic friction between the blocks
and the table surface is 0.40)

5kg
60kg

C
A

1kg
10kg

2.5kg

30o

60o
11

45o
12

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-> force exerted by a fluid on a body moving through it

Centripetal (radial) acceleration

-> friction due to bodies moving through a fluid

-> Ex. air drag (air resistance)

arad

For an object falling through the air, the air drag is

f Dv 2
F f w ma

v2
R

Dvt mg 0
2

mg
D

Centripetal force

Fnet m

Dv 2 mg ma

vt

v2
R

Terminal speed
Beware misconception with centrifugal force (does not exist)
13

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