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System:
A system is a set of detailed methods, procedures and routines created to
carry out a specific activity, perform a duty, or solve a problem. It is a collection of
elements or components that are organized for a common purpose. The word
sometimes describes the organization or plan itself (and is similar in meaning
to method, as in "I have my own little system") and sometimes describes the parts
in the system (as in "computer system").
http://searchwindowsserver.techtarget.com/definition/system

Analysis:
The word analysis usually implies at least two elements: (a) a breakdown of
something into parts or ideas, and (b) a discussion or description of those parts
using a point of view or a method. It is a careful study or examination of something
in detail to learn about its parts, what they do, and how they are related to each
other
http://www.tc.umn.edu/~jewel001/CollegeWriting/WRITEREAD/Analysis/default.htm

System Analysis:
System Analysis is the act, process, or profession of studying an activity
(as a procedure, a business, or a physiological function) typically by
mathematical means in order to define its goals or purposes and to discover
operations and procedures for accomplishing them most effi ciently. It is the
examination of a problem and the creation of its solution. It is effective when all
sides of the problem are reviewed.
http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/systems%20analysis

System Design:
System design is the process of defining the elements of a system such as
the architecture, modules and components, the different interfaces of those
components and the data that goes through that system. It is meant to satisfy
specific needs and requirements of a business or organization through the
engineering of a coherent and well-running system.
To mention it may though seem as simple as anything or simply the design of
systems, but in a broader sense it implies a systematic and rigorous approach to
design such a system which fulfills all the practical aspects including flexibility,
efficiency and security. Systems design is the process of defining the
architecture, components, modules, interfaces, and data for a system to
satisfy specified requirements. Systems design could be seen as the
application of systems theory to product development.
https://www.techopedia.com/definition/29998/system-design
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/what-system-design-why-important-development-process-fareed

Role of System Analyst:

The systems analyst systematically assesses how users interact with
technology and how businesses function by examining the inputting and processing
of data and the outputting of information with the intent of improving organizational
processes. Many improvements involve better support of users work tasks and
business functions through the use of computerized information systems. This
definition emphasizes a systematic, methodical approach to analyzingand

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potentially improvingwhat is occurring in the specific context experienced by

users and created by a business.
Systems Analyst as Consultant
The systems analyst frequently acts as a systems consultant to humans
and their businesses and, thus, may be hired specifically to address information
systems issues within a business. He is a problem solver and ethical to users and
costumers, thus he is required to have communication skills. Such hiring can be
an advantage because outside consultants can bring with them a fresh
perspective that other people in an organization do not possess. It also means
that outside analysts are at a disadvantage because an outsider can never know
the true organizational culture. As an outside consultant, you will rely heavily on
the systematic methods discussed throughout this text to analyze and design
appropriate information systems for users working in a particular business. In
addition, you will rely on information systems users to help you understand the
organizational culture from others viewpoints.

Systems Analyst as Supporting Expert

Another role that you may be required to play is that of supporting expert
within a business for which you are regularly employed in some systems
capacity. In this role the analyst draws on professional expertise concerning
computer hardware and software and their uses in the business. This work is
often not a full-blown systems project, but rather it entails a small modification
or decision affecting a single department.
As the supporting expert, you are not managing the project; you are
merely serving as a resource for those who are. If you are a systems analyst
employed by a manufacturing or service organization, many of your daily
activities may be encompassed by this role.

Systems Analyst as Agent of Change

The most comprehensive and responsible role that the systems analyst
takes on is that of an agent of change, whether internal or external to the
business. As an analyst, you are an agent of change whenever you perform any
of the activities in the systems development life cycle (discussed in the next
section) and are present and interacting with users and the business for an
extended period (from two weeks to more than a year). An agent of change can
be defined as a person who serves as a catalyst for change, develops a plan for
change, and works with others in facilitating that change.
Your presence in the business changes it. As a systems analyst, you must
recognize this fact and use it as a starting point for your analysis. Hence, you
must interact with users and management (if they are not one and the same)
from the very beginning of your project. Without their help you cannot
understand what they need to support their work in the organization, and real
change cannot take place.
If change (that is, improvements to the business that can be realized
through information systems) seems warranted after analysis, the next step is to
develop a plan for change along with the people who must enact the change.
Once a consensus is reached on the change that is to be made, you must
constantly interact with those who are changing.
As a systems analyst acting as an agent of change, you advocate a
particular avenue of change involving the use of information systems. You also

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teach users the process of change, because changes in the information system
do not occur independently; rather, they cause changes in the rest of the
organization as well.
http://www.w3computing.com/systemsanalysis/roles-systems-analyst/

System Development Cycle:

The System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) is a series of six steps that a
project team works through in order to conceptualize, analyze, design, construct
and implement a new information technology system. Adhering to a SDLC increases
efficiency and accuracy and reduces the risk of product failure. It is a conceptual
model used in project management that describes the stages involved in an
information system development project, from an initial feasibility study through
maintenance of the completed application.
1. System Planning
During the planning phase, the objective of the project is determined and
the requirements to produce the product are considered. An estimate of
resources, such as personnel and costs, is prepared, along with a concept for the
new product. All of the information is analyzed to see if there is an alternative
solution to creating a new product. If there is no other viable alternative, the
information is assembled into a project plan and presented to management for
approval.
It is the most crucial step in creating a successful system, during this
phase you decide exactly what you want to do and the problems youre trying to
solve, by:
Defining the problems, the objectives and the resources such as personnel
and costs.
Studying the ability of proposing alternative solutions after meeting with
clients, suppliers, consultants and employees.
Studying how to make your product better than your competitors.
After analyzing this data you will have three choices: develop a new
system, improve the current system or leave the system as it is.
2. System Analysis
During the analysis stage the project team determines the end-user
requirements. Often this is done with the assistance of client focus groups, which
provide an explanation of their needs and what their expectations are for the
finished product and how it will perform.
The end-users requirements should be determined and documented, what their
expectations are for the system, and how it will perform. A feasibility study will be
made for the project as well, involving determining whether its organizationally,
economically, socially, technologically feasible. Its very important to maintain
strong communication level with the clients to make sure you have a clear vision of
the finished product and its function.
3. System Design
The design phase is the architectural phase of system design. This comes after
a good understanding of customers requirements, this phase defines the elements
of a system, the components, the security level, modules, architecture and the
different interfaces and type of data that goes through the system. The flow of data
processing is developed into charts, and the project team determines the most

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logical design and structure for data flow and storage. For the user interface, the
project team designs mock-up screen layouts that the developers use to write the
code for the actual interface.
4. Implementation and Deployment
This phase comes after a complete understanding of system requirements and
specifications; its the actual construction process after having a complete and
illustrated design for the requested system. The developers design the database,
generate the code for the data flow process and design the actual user interface
screens.
In the Software Development Life Cycle, the actual code is written here, and if
the system contains hardware, then the implementation phase will contain
configuration and fine-tuning for the hardware to meet certain requirements and
functions.
In this phase, the system is ready to be deployed and installed in customers
premises, ready to become running, live and productive, training may be required
for end users to make sure they know how to use the system and to get familiar
with it, the implementation phase may take a long time and that depends on the
complexity of the system and the solution it presents.
5. System Testing and Integration
During the test phase all aspects of the system are tested for functionality and
performance. The system is tested for integration with other products as well as any
previous versions with which it needs to communicate. Essentially, the key
elements of the testing phase are to verify that the system contains all the end user
requirements laid out in the analysis phase, that all the functions are accurately
processing data, that the new system works with all other systems or prior systems,
and that the new system meets the quality standards of the company and the
customers.
Testing can be performed by real users, or by a team of specialized personnel, it
can also be systematic and automated to ensure that the actual outcomes are
compared and equal to the predicted and desired outcomes.
6. System Maintenance and Rollout
The rollout phase is when customers receive the new system as an update or a
full-scale conversion. Once rollout begins, feedback from clients begins, and the
code is tweaked for any performance issues or the mishandling of data.
In this phase, periodic maintenance for the system will be carried out to make
sure that the system wont become obsolete, this will include replacing the old
hardware and continuously evaluating systems performance, it also includes
providing latest updates for certain components to make sure it meets the right
standards and the latest technologies to face current security threats.
http://smallbusiness.chron.com/steps-system-development-life-cycle-43241.html
https://airbrake.io/blog/insight/what-is-system-development-life-cycle