END TERM EXAM 2014, MAY-JUNE

SUBJECT : EMBEDDED SYSTEM

CODE: ETEC-404
Q.NO.1.
(a) List the features of 8051.

(b) Explain the following pins of 8051

(i)ALE (ii) RST (iii) PSEN BAR

(c) Explain PSW register of 8051

(d) Write a program to find the maximum number from a given 8-bit ten numbers.

(e) How can be enabled or disabled an interrupt of 8051.

(f) Explain features of 8255.

(g) Explain modes of 8255.

(h)

Q.NO.2

Q.NO.3

Q.NO.4

Q.NO.5

Q.NO.6

Q.NO.7

Q.NO.8

Q.NO.9

Q.NO.10 Write assembly language program to sending command code .

Ans.: Simple LCD interfacing program with 8051 microcontroller
so we have three control pins to take care of.
so lets program using these 3 control pins.
; P2.0 EQU RS
; P2.1 EQU RW
; P2.2 EQU E
ORG 0000H
;
MOV A, #38H
; INITIATE LCD
ACALL COMMWRT
;
ACALL DELAY
;
MOV A, #0EH
ACALL COMMWRT
ACALL DELAY

; DISPLAY ON CURSOR ON
;
;

MOV A, #01H
ACALL COMMWRT
ACALL DELAY

; CLEAR LCD
;
;

MOV A, #84H
ACALL COMMWRT
ACALL DELAY

; CURSOR AT LINE 1 POSITION 4

;
;

MOV A, #'A'
ACALL DATAWRT
ACALL DELAY

; SEND ASCII DATA

;
;

AGAIN :
SJMP AGAIN

COMMWRT:
MOV P1, A
;
CLR P2.0
; RS = 0 FOR COMMAND REGISTER
CLR P2.1
; R/W = 0 FOR WRITE
SETB P2.2
; E = 1 FOR HIGH PULSE
ACALL DELAY
;
CLR P2.2
; E = 0 FOR LOW PULSE
RET
DATAWRT:
MOV P1, A
;
SETB P2.0
; RS = 1 FOR DATA REGISTER
CLR P2.1
; R/W = 0 FOR WRITE
SETB P2.2
; E = 1 FOR HIGH PULSE
ACALL DELAY
;
CLR P2.2
; E = 0 FOR LOW PULSE
RET

DELAY :
MOV R3, #50H ;
BACK:
MOV R4, #255H ;
HERE:
DJNZ R4, HERE ;
DJNZ R3, BACK ;
RET
END

Q.NO.11 A switch is connected to pin p2.7. write a assembly languge program

to monitor the status of the SW and perform the following
a) If SW=0 the stepper motor moves clockwise.
b) If SW=1 the stepper motor moves counterclockwise.
Ans.: ORG OH ; starting address
MAIN: SETB P2.7 ; make an input
MOV A, #66H ; starting phase value

MOV P1, A ; send value to port

TURN:
JNB P2.7, CW ; check switch result
RR A ; rotate right
ACALL DELAY ; call delay
MOV P1, A ; write value to port
SJMP TURN ; repeat
CW: RL A ; rotate left
ACALL DELAY ; call delay
MOV P1, A ; write value to port
SJMP TURN ; repeat
DELAY:
MOV R2, #100
H1: MOV R3, #255
H2: DJNZ R3, H2
DJNZ R2, H1
RET
END
Q.NO.12 Explain Scheduling policies?
A scheduling policy defines how processes are selected for promotion from the ready
state to the running state.
Utilization is one of the key metrics in evaluating a scheduling policy.
Rate-monotonic scheduling (RMS), introduced by Liu and Layland [Liu73], was one of
the first scheduling policies developed for real-time systems and is still very widely used.
The theory underlying RMS is known as rate-monotonic analysis(RMA).
Earliest deadline first (EDF) is another well-known scheduling policy. It is a dynamic
priority scheme-it changes process priorities during execution based on initiation times.
RMS VERSUS EDF-EDF can extract higher utilization out of the CPU, but it may be

difficult to diagnose the possibility of an imminent overload.

A Closer Look at Our Modeling Assumptions-Our analyses of RMS and EDF have made
some strong assumptions.
Other POSIX Scheduling Policies-In addition of SCHED_FIFO,POSIX supports two
other real-time scheduling policies:SCHED_RR and SCHED_OTHER.
The SCHED_OTHER is defined to allow non-real-time processes to intermix with realtime
processes.
Q.NO.13 Explain Inter process Communication Mechanism?
Signals-Unix supports another, very simple communication mechanism-the signal.
A signal is simple because it does not pass data beyond the existence of the signal itself.
Signals in UML-A UML signal is actually a generalization of the Unix signal. While a
Unix signal carries no parameters other than a condition code,a UML signal is an object.
Shared Memory Communication-Conceptually, semaphores are the mechanism we use to
make shared memory safe.
POSIX supports semaphores, but it also supports a direct shared memory mechanism.
POSIX supports counting semaphores in the _POSIX_SEMAPHORES option. A
counting semaphore allows than one process access to a resource at a time.
Message-Based Communication:-The shell syntax of the pipe is very familiar to Unix
users. An example appears below.
% foo file1| baz > file2