Project Report

On
Dosimetry Calculations
For

Store Irradiator
Using: GUI2QAD & MCNP

Made by
Ramprasad K
Signature

Date

Checked by

Approved by
C.G.Utge

M K Shelke
Signature

Date

Signature

Date

Approved By
R.A.Agarwal
Signature

Store Irradiator (SI) Model 2

Date

Dose Rate Calculations using GUI2QAD software

1. Introduction:
GUI2QAD software has been used for calculating the dose rates. This software uses,
point kernel ray tracing technique for calculating the dose rates. In this method, the
point kernel representing the transfer of energy by the un-collided flux along a lineof-path and it is combined with an appropriate buildup factor to account for the
contribution of scattered photons. The point kernel is integrated over the source
volume for all probable energies emitted in case of distributed volume
A typical input/output sheet is placed at annexure I
2. Source rack details:
Radiation Source
No. of Gamma Energies
Size of source pencil
Source strength per
pencil
No of source pencils
Total Source Strength
Geometry

Co-60
2
(1.17, 1.33MeV)
R13.6 mm, H42.6
mm
8 kCi
12
96kCi
2 layers, 12
pencils equispaced on 125
PCD in each
layer

3. Product Details:
Product Name
Density
Targeted DUR
Buildup Factor
Composition

Fresh Sea-foods
750 kg/cc
3
1
Same as water

4. Construction features of Store Irradiator

a. Source rack containing gamma source is kept at the center of irradiation cell.
Source rack has two cassettes. Each source cassette has eight pencil positions
located at 125mm pitch circle diameter. Out of eight pencil positions six
positions are occupied by pencils, each having source strength of 8 KCi.
Effective height of the source rack is 940mm.
b. The tote boxes containing product boxes are arranged in a three by three
matrix with central position for source and one corner position kept empty for
tote box displacement. Thus a source is surrounded by eight positions on a
spherical ball slide table out of which seven will be occupied by tote boxes.
These tote boxes move around source and all four sides of the boxes get

exposed to radiation source for equal time. Please refer general arrangement
drawing of store irradiator, drawing placed as annexure II for more details.

5. Method of finding the Box size (length, breadth and height of box ):
Based on the previous experience, pre-determined length, breadth and height of the
boxes are checked for allowable DUR and particular density of the product. For fresh
sea food allowable DUR is 3.
Dose absorption rate is calculated by putting detectors at nine locations in one plane
as shown in figure. Detectors in five such planes at elevation of -4.5, 21.9, 48.8, 75.7
and 102.1 are placed in each box. Forty five detectors in each box give dose
absorption rate at all these locations. Considering the occupation of seven positions
by the tote box, average dose at each location in tote box is calculated. After
averaging, minimum and maximum dose absorption rate are found out. Ratio of
maximum dose rate and minimum dose rate is DUR. For the tote box size of 400mm
x 400mm x 1076mm and product density 750 kg per cum, calculated DUR is 2.57
which is within permissible limit.

Boxes
Sourc
e

Detector
s

Annexure - I
GUI2QAD software:
Source Details:

Geometry and material assignment Details:

Material Compositions and Detector locations:

Annexure 2
Input sheet
box 400
16 16
4.44E+14
8
4.0
-4.0
4.0
-4.0
6.93
-6.93
6.93
-6.93
0.0
0.68
1.36
0.0
21.9
43.8
0.0
3.141
6.283
0
0
RCC
1

16

4
0.0

99
0.0

99
0.0

1
0.0

0
0.0

0
0.0

6.93
6.93
-6.93
-6.93
4.0
4.0
-4.0
-4.0
0.085
0.765

0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
53.8
53.8
53.8
53.8
0.17
0.85

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.255
0.935

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.34
1.02

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0.425
1.105

0.51
1.19

0.595
1.275

2.737
24.637

5.475
27.375

8.212
30.112

10.95
32.85

13.687
35.587

16.425
38.325

19.162
41.062

0.393
3.534

0.785
3.927

1.178
4.32

1.571
4.712

1.963
5.105

2.356
5.498

2.749
5.89

QAD-CG Body DATA

8.0
0.0
1.36

0.0

8.0

0.0

43.8

RCC

RCC

RCC

RCC

RCC

RCC

RCC

RCC

RCC

10

RCC

11

RCC

12

RCC

13

RCC

14

RPP
RPP
RPP
RPP
END
S1A
S2A
S3
S4
S5
S6
AR1

15
16
17
18

ST
S9
S10
S11
S12
S13
S14
AR2
PR1
PR2
PR4
END
1
1
3
3
1

8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
-11
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
16
15
17
18

1
1
3
4

1
1
2
4

1
2
3
4
5
6
7

26
7.87

-8.0
1.36
4.0
1.36
-4.0
1.36
4.0
1.36
-4.0
1.36
0.0
14.0
0.0
14.28
6.93
1.36
-6.93
1.36
0.0
1.36
0.0
1.36
6.93
1.36
-6.93
1.36
20.0
-65.0
20.0
-20.0

27

93
0.0

0.0

0.0

-8.0

0.0

43.8

6.93

0.0

4.0

6.93

43.8

6.93

0.0

-4.0

6.93

43.8

-6.93

0.0

4.0

-6.93

43.8

-6.93

0.0

-4.0

-6.93

43.8

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

102.6

0.0

-5.0

0.0

0.0

102.6

4.0

53.8

6.93

4.0

43.8

4.0

53.8

-6.93

4.0

43.8

8.0

53.8

0.0

8.0

43.8

-8.0

53.8

0.0

-8.0

43.8

-4.0

53.8

6.93

-4.0

43.8

-4.0

53.8

-6.93

-4.0

43.8

60.0
65.0
60.0
20.0

-20.0
-65.0
20.0
20.0

20.0
65.0
60.0
60.0

-5.0
-10.0
-5.0
-5.0

102.6
107.6
102.6
102.6

-1
-12
-7

-2
-13

-3
-14

-4

-15

-8

-17

-18

1
1
2
4

-5

-6

-9

-10

94
0.0

0.0

0.0
8.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0012
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.17
1.33
1.17
1.33
1.89E-06 1.82E-06
1.0
1.0
1.0-1.4
1.1-1.1
1.3-1.3
.
Mev/cm2/S
20.5
102.1
-19.5
20.5
102.1
0.0
20.5
102.1
19.5
40.0
102.1
-19.5
40.0
102.1
0.0
40.0
102.1
19.5
59.5
102.1
-19.5
59.5
102.1
0.0
59.5
102.1
19.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0

0.0
0.0
0.75

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
-1
-1

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

Rad/hr
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

w/g
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

Dose Rate Calculations using MCNP software

1. Introduction
Monte Carlo and deterministic methods very different ways of solving a problem,
even what
Constitutes a solution is different. Monte Carlo supplies information only about
specific tallies requested by the user. When Monte Carlo and discrete ordinates
methods are compared, it is often said that Monte Carlo solves the integral transport
equation. Two things are misleading about this statement. First, the integral and
integro differential transport equations are two different forms of the same equation;
if one is solved, the other is solved. Second, Monte Carlo solves a transport problem
by simulating particle histories rather than by solving an equation. No transport
equation need ever be written to solve a transport problem by Monte Carlo.
Nonetheless, one can derive an equation that describes the probability density of
particles in phase space; this equation turns out to be the same as the integral
transport equation.
Without deriving the integral transport equation, it is instructive to investigate why
the discrete ordinates method is associated with the integro-differential equation and
Monte Carlo with the integral equation. The discrete ordinates method visualizes the
phase space to be divided into many small boxes, and the particles move from one
box to another. In the limit as the boxes get progressively smaller, particles moving
from box to box take a differential amount of time to move a differential distance in
space. In the limit this approaches the integro-differential transport equation, which
has derivatives in space and time. By contrast, Monte Carlo transports particles
between events (for example, collisions) that are separated in space and time.

Neither differential space nor time is inherent parameters of Monte Carlo transport.
The integral equation does not have time or space derivatives.
Monte Carlo is well suited to solving complicated three-dimensional, time-dependent
problems. Because the Monte Carlo method does not use phase space boxes, there
are no averaging approximations required in space, energy, and time. This is
especially important in allowing detailed representation of all aspects of physical
data
2. Source rack details:
Radiation Source
No. of Gamma Energies
Size of source pencil
No of source pencils
Total Source Strength
Geometry

Co-60
2
(1.17, 1.33MeV)
R12.6 mm, H426
mm
12
96 kCi
2 layers,12
pencils equispaced on 125
PCD in each
layer

3. Product Details:
Product Name
Density
Targeted DUR
Composition

Fresh Sea-foods
750 kg/cc
3
H 50%
C 25%
O 25%

4. Construction features of Store Irradiator

Construction features are same as described above.
5. Method of finding the Box size (length, breadth and height of box ):
Based on the results obtained by QAD software, pre-determined length, breadth and
height of the boxes are cross checked for allowable DUR and particular density of the
product. For fresh sea food allowable DUR is 3.
Each tote box was equally divided by nine planes in x, y and z directions to give 512
cells. Dose absorption rate per sec in each cell is calculated. Considering the
occupation of seven positions by the tote box, average dose absorption in each cell
in tote box is calculated. After averaging, minimum and maximum dose absorption
rate are found out. Ratio of maximum dose rate and minimum dose rate is DUR. For
the tote box size of 400mm x 400mm x 1050mm and product density 750 kg per
cum, calculated DUR is 2.44 which is within permissible limit. Refer summary results.

6. Finding out residence time

Residence time is calculated on the basis of minimum dose absorption rate.
Minimum allowable dose required for the product divided by minimum dose
absorption rate gives residence time. Please referannexure - IV
7. Finding out efficiency
Ratio of energy emitted by source to energy absorbed by product gives the
efficiency. Please refer annexure - V
8. Summary Results
Height(h
)
(cm)

l
(cm)

99

38.6

b
(cm)

38.6

Weight for
7 boxes
(kg)

774

Screen short of tote box in MCNP

DU
R

Residence
Time
min

2.4
4

40