REPORT OF STRUCTURAL CALCULATION

Project:
Location:
Client :
Consultant:

Scope : To check the Structural adequacy of curtain wall section 18006 ( Gulf extrusion) , used for the
frame work for glazing, considering wind load action.
References
1. Drawings : Architectural & Shop drawings
2. Codes reference:
a. BS 8118 : Part- 1 for Aluminum design
b. BS - 5950 : Part 1 Design of steel memebers
c. BS - 6399 : Part - 2 for Wind load
Load cases
The major loads acting on the structure are
1. Dead load due to self weight of the Aluminum
2. Dead load due to weight of glass
3. Wind load considered based on calculation sheet attached is 1.55 KN/Sq.m
Here the other forces being negligible when compared to wind load, the section used are tested
for windload , and other loads are considered only while designing support connections.

Load factors & combinations ( Ref: Table 3.2; BS 8118: Part-1)

1. Load factor taken for Dead load (DL)

= 1. 2 for strength considerations

2. Load factor taken for Wind load ( WL)

= 1 .2 for strength considerations

Load combinations
1. 1 DL+ 1 WL for serviceability conditions

Calculation of Dead Load

1. Load due to glass ( 12 + Spacer +12mm)

a. Density of glass

= 2500 kg / Cu.M

b. Wt per Sq.M of Double glass unit( effective thickness 24mm)

= (1x1x24/1000) x2500
= 60 Kg/Sq.M
= 27 KN/m3

c. Self weight of Aluminum

Material properties
Aluminum
Aluminum alloy of the section

= 6063- T6

Youngs modulus of elasticity

= 70000 N/mm2

Steel
Design strength considered

= 275 N/mm2

Youngs modulus of elasticity

= 205000N/mm2

Design details
Continuous length

=9M

Unsupported length -Span 1

= 7.5 M

Unsupported length -Span 2

= 1.5 M

Tributary load width

= 2.3m

Aspect ratio

=6/2.3=2.6 >2

Hence the load is considered to be transferred fully to the vertical members.

Intensity of load in the member vertical member =2.3 x1x1.55=3.565 KN/M
Permissible deflection

= 9000/175 =51.4 MM

Calculation of bending moment, shear force & deflection

Considering the intermediate support, the system is best represented by the following diagram.

Now
l1 = 7.5 M
l2 = 1.5 M
l =9M
w =9M
we have

1500 mm

7500 mm

Y
X
Z

Load 2

Substituting values
M1

= - (3.565x1.53+3.565x7.53)/(8x9) = - 21.05 KNM

Also we have, for the support reactions;

Thus

and

R1

= (- 21.05/7.5)+(3.565x7.5/2)

= 10.56 KN

R3

= (-21.05/1.5)+(3.565x1.5/2)

= -11.35 KN

R2

= (3.565x9)- 10.56+11.35

= 32.875 KN

Check for Moment capacity

Bending moment is calculated as

Here

x1 & x2 are the locations of points of contraflexure.

Here

x1
x2

10.56/3.565

= 2.962m from support 1,

= - 11.35/3.565

= - 3.24m from support 2 ( negative sign only shows that point of

contrflexure does not exist between support 2 & support 2)

Mx1

= 10.56x2.962 - (3.565x2.9622/2)
= 15.64 KNm

Thus maximum Hogging bending moment is 21.05 KNm ( hogging ) @ support 2 and maximum sagging
Moment is 15.46 Knm @2.962m(2962mm) from support 1

The section shall be designed for maximum hogging moment 21.05KNm

Bending Moment = 21.05 KNm

Moment capacity of Alumimum section = 6.41KNm < 21.05 KNm( Ref. attached Calculation
sheet for Moment Capacity)
Hence a combined section is provided, by inserting steel box section of 170x42x6mm Steel box

Section properties of Steel box section 170x42x6mm Steel Box

Weight of profile

= 18.84 kg/M

Moment of Inertia Ix

= 7334720 mm4

Section modulus

Zx

86290 mm3

Moment of Inertia Iy

694080 mm4

Section modulus

33051 mm3

Zy

Moment of resistance Shared by Aluminium section

MRx

= 21.05x (70000x7267173)/(70000x7267173+205000x7334720)
= 5.32 KNm <6.41 KNm,Moment capacity of Aluminum section (Ref .attached
calculation sheet )
Hence safe

Moment of resistance shared by steel section

= 21.05x (205000x7334720)/(70000x7267173+205000x7334720)
= 15.72 KNm < 16.47 KNm(Ref attached calculation sheet )

Hence safe

Structural details of 170x42x6mm steel box

Check for shear

To calculate shear force we have,

Accordingly

V1

= 10.56 KN

V2

= (3.565x.7.51)- 10.56 = 16.21 KN

V3

= (3.565x1.5)- (-11.35) = 16.69KN

V4

= -11.35 KN

Maximum shear force

Shear capacity of combined section

= 87.53+550 =637.5KN >>16.69 hence Ok.

Hence safe

16.69 KN

Check for deflection

Deflection , formula

= (Maximum deflection due to uniform (wind)loadat point of contra flexure deflection due to moment due to support reaction R3,at point of contraflexure) ,

Net Deflection = x1- x2

Point of contra flexure , x1

10.56/3.565

= 2.962m =2962mm from support 1

Deflection due to uniform windload

( x1

x1 = 2.96m=2962mm )

x1 = {3.565x2962/[24x(70000x7267173+205000x7334720)}x(9000 3-2x9000x29622+29623) = 130.54mm

Deflection due to support reaction

x =
,

(x

x 1 = 2.96m=2962mm , P= R2 =32.875KN)

x2 =(32.875x1500x2962) x(90002-15002-29622) /6x(70000x7267173+205000x7334720)x9000) =93.84mm

Net deflection

, x1- x2 = 130.54-93.84 = 36.7mm<51.75mm (L/175, allowable deflection), hence Ok

Since the aspect ratio being grater than 2, practically there is no force acting on the transom, it will act
only as a connecting member , and the same section GE -18006 being used and no separate design not
needed.

Design of Glass For Curtain Wall Windows

The glass sizes for the curtain wall windows are mentioned below and the design is
carried for worst case.
Aspect ratio = b/a
Where a is the shorter distance,b is the longer distance
Load on glass

=1.55 KN/m2

Glass thickness considered

=12+20+12mm

Thickness of outer pane te

=12mm

ts

=20mm

Thickness of inner pane ti

=12 mm

Area of glass
Aspect ratio AR = a/b

=axb
=2.3 x 6 =13.8m2
=6/2.3=2.60

Shape factor

= 4 AR/(AR+1)2

Thickness of air spacer

BS 6262-3 2005 section 6.4.2

= 4x2.60./(2.6+1)2 =0.80
Effective area of glass pane

= Fx A=0.8x13.8 = 11.07 m2

Modulus of elasticity of glass = 71700 MPa ; ASTM El 300-04 APPENDIX X2.1

Deflection of Glass
Exterior glass pane (Procedure from ASTM E1300-04 Appendix X2)

qe load share of the exterior glass pane

[ te3/(ti3+te3)] q

q Wind pressure = 1.55 KN/m2

= 0.775 KPa = 0.000775 MPa
AR

r0
ri

=2.6
=0.553 3.83AR +1.11 AR2 -0.0969AR3
= -3.60
= -2.29 +5.83AR-2.17AR2+0.2067 AR3

= 1.81

r2

= 1.485 - 1.908AR+0.815 AR2-0.0822AR3

=0.588
=In[In[qe x(axb)2/(Et4))] ]

qe

= 0.775 KPa

= 2300mm

= 6000mm

=71700 MPa

te

=12 mm

= te .e

= 1.55 mm

(r0+r1x+r2x2)

= 17.55 mm

Allowable deflection = (b/90,19mm) = 2300/90 = 25.55mm

17.55mm<25.55 hence Ok

Design of Connections
a.Bottom Connection
At the bottom the Steel box section is welded to a base plate of thickness 12mm.
A. Vertical load transferred by Mullion
1. Half the self weight of Glass of span 1
2. Self weight of Aluminium of span 1

3. Self weight of Steel section of span 1

B. Horizontal laod acting at base is the reaction R1=10.56KN
Length of Span
: 7500 mm
Width of the member
: 2300 mm
Maximum load acting on mullion due to glass: 0.6x2.3x7.5/2
= 5.175 KN
Design Of base plate
By providing 12mm thick base plate of dimension 200 x150mm
Design Loads
Axial Force
Shear force Fz

= 8.28 KN
= 16.04 KN
= 16.04x1000/(200x150)= 0.53 N/mm2

Pressure due to axial load

Consider bearing pressure 0.53 N/mm2
Check for Bending Stress:

= 275N/mm2

Allowable bending stress

Moment in the base plate per unit width

Bending Stress

= 1750
(1x122/6)

= 0.53x1002/2 =2650 N-mm

= 72.9N/mm2 < 275 N/mm2

Hence Safe
Design of Bolts:
Providing 4 No M12 MS bolts conforming to gr 4.6 BS-5950 to anchor the base plate.
Shear strength of bolt

= 160 N/mm2

Maximum Shear force

= 16.04KN

Shear in one bolt

= 4.01kN

Shear capacity of one bolt

= 113x 160/ 1000 = 18.08KN>4.01

Hence safe
Check for shear in weld
Tensile force on the weld = 16.04 KN
Design strength of weld ,pw = 220.00 MPa( table 37, sec 6 BS 5950-1 2000)
Thickness of weld = 5mm
= 4.5 mm
Effective throat of weld a =
Total length of welding Lw = 90mm
Tensile capacity of weld= pw*a*L. = 89.1 KN, >16.04KN,Hnece safe.

Connection design at support 2

Reaction at Support 2 = 32.875 KN
A strut like support using 1 Nos 75x75x6mm angle, support as shown here

Compressive resistance offered by Anggle strut, Pc = Ag x pcs

Ag = area of section = 8.73 cm4
pcs =275 N/mm2
Pc = 8.73x100x275 = 240075N=240 KN> 32.875KN, Hence safe.
Connecting bolts
Providing 2 Nos of 12mm dia bolts at both ends , ie at alumimium end and concrete end,
Shear strength offered by bolt = 2x18.08 =36.16KN> shear force 32.875 KN hence safe.

Connection design at support 3

Reaction at Support 3 = -11.35 KN
Negative sign shows that there is a pull-out force acting here.Hence an 2 angle bracket of
50x50x6mm with one leg of each connected to mullion and other leg connected to concrete will
be sufficient.
Here we connect the mullion with single 12mm dia bolt, which has shear capacity 18.08 KN
which is sufficient to take the 11.35KN shear.
For connecting with the concrete Anchor of Approved make bolts have to be provided , having
capacity to take 5.68 KN axial pull (11.35/2) capacity as per manufacturer recommendation.