Communication Systems

COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
( )

Communication Systems

Personal Profile
:

Ph. D. University of Texas at Arlington, Texas, USA.

-
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Bell Northern Research (BNR) TX, USA
NORTEL Networks, TX, USA -

Wireless, Mobile Communications ( )

Radar System Design ( )
Fiber Optics Communications ( )
Statistical Signal Processing ( )
Microwave Theory and Engineering ( )
Semiconductor Devices and Manufacture ( )
Chapter 1: Introduction

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Dr. Sheng-Chou Lin

Communication Systems

Outline
General introduction to communication systems:
Messages and signal, Elements of communication, System, Modulation,
Fundamental limitations.

Signal, Spectra, and Filters

Fourier Transforms, Convolution Correlation and Spectral Density
Random Signals and Noise
Baseband Communication, Signal distortion in Transmission, Analog and
digital transmission

Linear Modulation
Modulator, Transmitters Detection and Receivers for AM, DSB, SSB, and
VSB

Exponential Modulation
FM and PM spectral Analysis, Transmitters and Receivers
Chapter 1: Introduction

Dr. Sheng-Chou Lin

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Communication Systems

Grading
1. Attendance (Not Mandatory)

10%

-20 for each absence

2. Quizzes

30%

1 hour, Twice in a semester

3. Midterm Exam

25%

4. Final Test

35%

2 hour, inclass/proctored
Close book, Close notes
5. MATLAB Project

Chapter 1: Introduction

10%

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Communication Systems

Communication Systems
1. Mathematical Modeling and
Analysis

4. Information Theory and

Coding

Signals and Systems

Random Signal and noise

Channel Capacity
Source coding
Channel Coding

2. Analog Communication

Linear Modulation (DSB, SSB, 5. Applications

AM, VSB)
Wireless Communications
Angle Modulation (PM, FM)
Mobile radio
Frequency Modulation
Fiber optics
3. Pulsed and Digital
Satellite Communications
Communications
Computer and Telcom Networks
Pulse Modulation (PAM, PTM,
PCM)
Digital Modulation (ASK, PSK,
FSK, QAM, MSK)

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Chapter 1: Introduction

Communication Systems

Block Diagram of Comm. System

Loudspeaker

Message

Analog

Digital
Coding

Modulation

Tape Recorders

Easy for radiation

PC

Reduce noise and

Interference

Meters

Channel
Assignment
Multiplexing

Emag-wave

Demodulation

Equipment limitations
Other Functions

Guided
Wave

Extract desired
message

Filtering

Optical

SNR ratio

Bit Error Rate

Amplification and Coupling

Chapter 1: Introduction

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Communication Systems

Basic Comm. Model

Dr. Sheng-Chou Lin

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Chapter 1: Introduction

Communication Systems

Types of Communications
Simplex (one-way): Radio/TV Broadcast

Duplex (Two-way)

Ponint to Point link: Terrestrial comm.

Multipoints: Satellite, Cellular phone

Full-duplex: Telephone/Cellular Phone

Half-duplex: Telegraph comm.

Chapter 1: Introduction

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Communication Systems

Transmission
Asynchronous and Synchronous

Analog and Digital

Analog (continuous): Voice, video, picture

Digital (Discrete): Characters, symbols

Modern (modulator-demodulator): Digital

signal be sent in the form of analog signal.
Files, Data, and Signals

begin

End

Information (User data): Files

Data Signal

Chapter 1: Introduction

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Communication Systems

Theoretical Aspects of Data Transmission

Sine and Cosine Wave

Chapter 1: Introduction

Amplitude, Frequency, Phase

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Communication Systems

Fourier Series, Bandwidth and SNR

Channel, passband, bandwidth

Thermal Noise
Interference
Crosstalk

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Chapter 1: Introduction

Communication Systems

Transmission Media (1)

Twisted Pair

5~6 km for analog signal, 2~3 km for

digital signal
Limited in distance, data rate, bandwidth
(narrow band).
Twisting reduces low-frequency
interference.
Local Loop (hone
central office)

Coaxial Cables

Better Shielding
Longer distance
Higher transmission Speed
1~1.5 gigabits/sec ( 10 9 ) of digital
transmission for 1 mile (1.6km)
300 MHz and higher (450MHz) for
analog transmission. (Broadband
BW > 4k Hz)

Chapter 1: Introduction

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Communication Systems

Transmission Media (2)

Optical Fiber

Light Source (Laser, LED), Fiber, Photo Detector

Refraction, Total reflection, Multimode, Singlemode
Several gigabits/sec for a long distance (22 mile)

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Chapter 1: Introduction

Communication Systems

Transmission Media (3)

Terrestrial Microwave

Satellite Microwave

Line-of-sight (LOS), Multipath fading

2 - 40GHz, Higher freq.
Higher BW, data
rate
Voice, Television/Cable, building links

Microwave Relay station

(Transponder)
uplink, downlink, 35,800km

Point-to-point Link

Broadcast Link

4G, 6G, 11G

Long Haul
12G
TV, Cable
22G buildings

Chapter 1: Introduction

Tall towers (100m),

Large horns, Dish
antennas (10 feet)
repeaters spaced 80km

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Communication Systems

Telephone Network
Circuit Switching

Space-division switching
Digital switch: bit stream, CCS

Analog link: Phone-Switch

Digital link: Switch-Switch (improve quality
using digital repeater)

Trunks: lines connecting switches

DS-1,..., DS-4, SONET

Data Comm. over telephone Network Modem

Chapter 1: Introduction

Local Center office: nearest end office

(1-10km), (972)8810405
Toll Office
Intermediate Switch: Country to country

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Communication Systems

Telephone Call Scenario

Chapter 1: Introduction

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Communication Systems

Switching Systems
Circuit Switching: Telephone Network

A path is established for a conversation

Package Switch: Message transmission

Message is fragmented into smaller chunks (package)

Package is routed along different paths, reassembled at
the receiving end
Rules for network operations Protocols

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Chapter 1: Introduction

Communication Systems

Layering and Protocols

Layers

Network origination

Protocol

Agreements bet. communicating parties

Layer, Entities, Interface

Chapter 1: Introduction

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Communication Systems

Spectra (Spectrum Analyzer)

Chapter 1: Introduction

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Dr. Sheng-Chou Lin