aes et 4 s for B.E. (Part Time) Regulation 2009) Maximum,: 100 marks diagrams, Prychometric chart and ‘in the examination) ana “process’ of thermodynamics. ‘State the First law-ofthermodynamiieé-for a non-flow process and for a cycle. Differentiate between a Refrigerator and.a heat pump. What are ‘available energy’ and ‘unavilable enorgy? ‘What do you understand by the terms ‘super heating’ and ‘subcooling’? . What do by specific rate? State its unit. » How many molecules are:present ini 10 g of hydrogen? Show that Joule Thomson Coefficient ie zero for an deal gas. ‘What do you understand by adiabatic evaporative cooling?lL. 12. (a) (b) (a) (b) @ Gi) @ Gi) @ Gi) i Gi) PART B — (6 x 16 = 80 marks) Define heat and show that heat is a path function and not a property. a) ‘A fluid system, contained in a piston and cylinder machine, passes through a complete cycle of four processes. The sum of all heat transferred during a cycle is -340 kJ. The system completes 200 cycles per mi Process Q(kJ/min) W(kJ/min) AE (kJ/min) 1-2 0 4340 = 2-3 42000 0 - 3-4 4200 = 73200 4-1 = = = Complete the above table showing the method for each item, and compute the net rate of work output in kW. (a2) Or ‘Air is compressed from 100 kPa and 22° C to a pressure of 1 MPs while being cooled at the rate of 16 ki/kg by circulating water through the compressor casing. The volume flow rate of air at inlet condition is 150 m/min and power input to compressor is 500 kW. Neglecting the gravitational potential energy, determine the mass flow rate and the temperature of air at exit. @) Air flows steadily at the rate of 0.4 kg/s through an air compressor, entering at 6 m/s with a pressure of 1 bar and a specific volume of 0.85 mé/kg and leaving at 4.5 m/s with a pressure of 6.9 bar and a specific volume of 0.16 m*/kg. The internal energy of air leaving is 88 ki/kg greater than that of the air entering. Cooling water in a jacket surrounding the cylinder absorbs heat from the air at the rate of 59 W. Calculate the power required to drive the compressor and the inlet and outlet cross-sectional area. 8) State and prove Carnot thorem. 8) ‘Two reversible heat engines A and B are arranged in series. Engine ‘A rejecting heat directly to engine B, receives 200 kJ at a temperature of 421°C from a hot source, while engine B is in communication with a cold sink at a temperature of 4.4°C. If the work output of A is twice that of B, find (1) The intermediate temperature between A and B (2) The efficiency of each engine and (8) The heat rejected to the cold sink. @) Or Derive an expression for the change in entropy of a perfect gas during polytropic process in terms of T: and 2. (8) 2 kg of water at 90°C is mixed with 3 kg of water at 10°C in an isolated system. Calculate the change of entropy due to the mixing process. @) 2 1040714. (a) wi. fae fraction (viii) Superhoated steam and: Bugree of superheat. (8x2= 16) @- sed liquid water at 10 MPa, 30°C at the rate of 3 litres/s. Steam at the rate of heat transfer to the (8) ‘Steam at 20 bar, e maded in a steam turbine to 0.08 bar. le ‘it is condensed to saturated liquid ‘water into the boiler. find the-net-work and the cycle ine have 80% efficiency, find the net-work and cycle efficiency. (8) One kg of ideal gs i ined fom 50% to 350°C. I= 280g _and 7 = 1.32 for the gas, determi (8) temperature ‘T’ and pressure ‘p’ are ‘An adjacent compartment contain one ! rature ‘27" and pressure ‘p’. The gases nix adiabati react chemically when a partition separating the component is withdrawn and the temperature of the mixture is “(4/3)P. Show that-the entropy increase due to the sis ross given bys ™ + 7-2) Assume that the gases are different and the ratio of specific heat '7’ is the same for both gases and.remains constant. (8) oe. 3 1040715. (b) (a) (b) @ Gi) Based on Maxwell's relations, prove that for any fluid, af (8) gy dS =C,—— | (8 = 0, (Fr) ) A mixture of 3 moles of helium, 4 moles of neon and 5 moles of argon is at 1 bar and 300°K. Calculate (1) volume, (2) mole fraction and partial pressure of gases and (3) change of entropy due to mixing. (8) The moist air is at 45°C Dry Bulb Temperature and 30°C Wet Bulb ‘Temperature. Calculate @ Gi) Git) (iv) (wv) (vi) (vii) @ Gi) Vapour pressure Dew point temperature Specific enthalpy Relative humidity Degree of saturation Vapour density Enthalpy of mixture. (16) Or Explain the process of cooling with dehumidification of air, with the help of sketches of schematic of air duct with the elements involved as well as the representation on psychrometric chart. (6) An air-water vapour mixture at 20°C and 50% relative humidity at @ pressure of 1.013 bar is heated at constant pressure to a temperature of 35°C. Calculate (1) The initial and final specific humidity (2) Final relative humidity (3) Dew point temperature (4) Heat transferred per kg of dry air. (10) 4 10407