:

Antonio Gramsci Selctions from Prison Notebooks Edited and

translated by: QUINTIN HOARE And GEOFFERY NOWELL SMITH
:
LAWRENCE AND WISHART-LONDON-1978

:

 ] 1
] 1


-1
:

.
.
: "traditional
" intelellectuals

.
" " organic" " intelellectuals
.

.
.
.
.

function intelellectual
.
" ."Risorgemento

.

.

) (
) ( .
:
.
.



.
.
.
.
.

" "directive .


" "defensive corporatism economism
.Hegemony
*************



:
- 1
] Strata [29

.

.

. ) (dirigerte )
.( intellectual

.
.
enterpreneurs

lite ] [30



) (
.



[31] .
.
.

.



] .
[32
- 2
) (

.

) (
:
.

. .
[33] .

. )
( -
.absulutism
noblesse de robe
...

" -"esprit de corps
.
.
.

.


Benni
Agnelli
] .[34 Genteile Croce

.

.






) (
.

) . Taylor
][35
" "trained gorilla
:
) ( .
enterpreneur


.

[36] . non-intellectuals

. .
- .muscualar-nervous effort

. -
. .

Homo faber ] homo sapiens . [37 -
-

 . .
.
critical
elaberation .
-
-
- .
.

"" .

.
" " ) Ordine Nuovo [38] (8
"" " "intellectualism
. .
.

"

" )
( . technique-as-work
technique-as-science
"" " "spechialised "" ""dirctive
]) [39 .(Specialised and political
intellectual
. function
. .

"" .
.


. "
" " "intellectuality
.
" "
.

 .

. " "
"" .
:

...

.. .

.

middle grades .

:
. .
intellectual strata

.
""
""
.
) ( ] [40
""
.

.
.

" " " "mediated

" ."functionaries "
organic quality" organicita
gradation
) ( .
"civil
"society ""private

 " "Political Society .

: / " "hegemony
"direct
"domination command
"government"Juridical .
.connective " "deputies
Social hegemony
:
-1 " "consent

) ( .
- 2
.
Command
.
.
.
) (
.Cast
/ . -

.
)
non executive work ][41
. officials or functionaries .


:exterme opposition
.
[42] .
- .


dominant fundamental group. [43] Loria "
) worker" the unproductive
(

 [44] .
mass formation .

:standardised masses

.

.

.
enterpreneur instrumental mass
.
.
.
" "traditional
)
( .
)
( . -
proffessinal mediation
.political mediation : )
(

.
) (

.
.

.

.
.
.


- .

 category
organic traditional
. category
.
-
.

:
- 1

.

[45] .
- 2

.
- [46] .

"
" economic group dirigenti

.
.

.
.

the
fundamental economic group .

. .
.
.
educative
. intellecual

[47] .


- economic-corporate .

.

:

.
.
-
.

:

) -
(
liberal arts
.
)" Omnesque mdicinam Romae professos et liberalium artium
doctores, quo libentius et ispi urbem incolerent et coeteri appeterent
(Suetonius, life of Caesar, XLII .("civitate donavit
- 1 :

. - 2
.
" imperial" intelectuals
.
" "cosmopolitanism
.

-
:
.
Catholicism eclisiatical organisation


. cosmopolitan
function .
-
.


.1870

.
1789

. .
.
intellectual cels
) ][48
galcanism ( .


.

.

the new Social grouping
modern industrialism - economic
corporate development
- .
.
.
- .
dirigente directive
.
.
.

.


personel ] Cosmopolis [49

.
.1918
Junkers -
.

.

[50] .
- caste priestly-
military - .

.
-

[51] .
: ) [52] (Varangians
-- .
. .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
) ( - .

.

) ( .
.moral elite


.



)

(
.

.
.
.

.
-
-
)
(
[53] .

.
.
:
-1 american expansionim
)
(.
- 2


. :
- 1 : educated
language
- 2
.

.
.

Piedmont [54] .


.
.

counter reformation .military parasitism

military
.

. latifundium

. .
.

] Kultur Kumpf [55 Drifus
trial

. Free Masonry
" " positivist Church
.Jesuitism ) (1930
Calls Kulturkampf ]
[ 56 .

.
-
.
the Script
.
.




. ) .


(
.

. .
.
degrees
.

.
] [ 1 : ""ceti
" "strata connotation
.

.
.
" "fundamental Social gruop
) (

") "Castes
( . " "category
.
.
] [2 : " "ruling class
. :
) Elimenti (G.Mosca, The ruling class, New Yorkv ) 1939 )
(1941-1858 political
elite Parito Michels
. .
] [3 : Mosca Elementi di
) Scienza Politica 1923 (
.

 .
Parito
.

.
] [ 4 : ) :
( .
Quaderni :
) ( .


.
] [ 5 : medical
men
) medicina Storia della Arturo
( Castiglioni .
:
.
) exorcism
( .
."great "healers
.
. " "intellectual
" " Specialist " ) hiericoclierico " clerk,cleric "
)laico" lay,layman

] [ 6 :

] [7 : Fredrick Taylor
trained gorilla :
Americanism and Fordism
] [ 8 : .
] [ 9 : ) (
.

] [10 : Ordine Nuovo

1919 1920
.
] [11 "Dirigente " :
:


.
] [ 12 :
)
.
(.
] [13 : "-"funzionari
- .
" )" administators" ("amministratori
" "administer . "non executive
"work " impiego di ordine te non di
"conetto .clerical work

] [ 14 :
.
N.C.O .
.

.
] [15 "loria" :
.Vico
] [16 : non-
productive .

.
] [17 : Strata
N.C.O
:

 Share Cropping .tenant farmers

.
] [ 18 :

.
] [ 19 : -
" politicing
" .
] [ 20 : :
) .
(377
] [ 21 : :


.
center Catholic
Social democracy
.
] [22 :
" "productive
.
] [ 23 : :


.
center Catholic
Social democracy
.
] [24 :Farangians :
.
] [ 25 :
.
.

] [ 26 :
Piedmont Risorgimento .
] [27 "Kultur Kamph " :
1870
. Dryfus
1894
1906

.

.
] [ 28 :
1924 1928
.
] [ 29 : ""ceti
" "strata connotation
.

.
.
" "fundamental Social gruop
) (

") "Castes
( . " "category
.
.
] [30 : " "ruling class
. :
) Elimenti (G.Mosca, The ruling class, New Yorkv ) 1939 )
(1941-1858 political
elite Parito Michels
. .
] [31 : Mosca Elementi di
) Scienza Politica 1923 (
.

 .
Parito
.

.
] [ 32 : ) :
( .
Quaderni :
) ( .


.
] [ 33 : medical
men
) medicina Storia della Arturo
( Castiglioni .
:
.
) exorcism
( .
."great "healers
.
. " "intellectual
" " Specialist " ) hiericoclierico " clerk,cleric "
)laico" lay,layman

] [ 34 :

] [35 : Fredrick Taylor

trained gorilla :
Americanism and Fordism
] [ 36 : .
] [ 37 : ) (
.

] [38 : Ordine Nuovo

1919 1920
.
] [39 "Dirigente " :
:


.
] [ 40 :
)
.
(.
] [41 : "-"funzionari
- .
" )" administators" ("amministratori
" "administer . "non executive
"work " impiego di ordine te non di
"conetto .clerical work

] [ 42 :
.
N.C.O .
.

.
] [43 "loria" :
.Vico
] [44 : non-
productive .

.
] [45 : Strata
N.C.O
:

 Share Cropping .tenant farmers

.
] [ 46 :

.
] [ 47 : -
" politicing
" .
] [ 48 : :
) .
(377
] [ 49 : :


.
center Catholic
Social democracy
.
] [50 :
" "productive
.
] [ 51 : :


.
center Catholic
Social democracy
.
] [52 :Farangians :
.
] [ 53 :
.
.

] [ 54 :
Piedmont Risorgimento .
] [55 "Kultur Kamph " :
1870
. Dryfus
1894
1906

.

.
] [ 56 :
1924 1928
.