Project:

Element:
Job No.:
Made by:

Verdun Trianon Link Ro

Box Culvert at Chainage 83.10 m- Chain
M 133
Date:
RN
Checked by:

Culvert Details
4.1
Soil Above
5

5
5

Soil Parameters
Unit Weight of Soil unsaturated ,(k N/m3)=
Unit Weight of Soil saturated ,sat(k N/m3)=
Unit weight of water=
Internal Friction angle,() =
Height of water table(m)=
BS 8002 :1994
Clause 3.3.4.1

Surcharge due to vehicular Traffic (k N/m2)=

Coefficient of active pressure, ka=
Lateral Pressure at top of wall (kN/m2)=
Lateral Pressure at bottom of wall (kN/m2)=
Unit weight of concrete (k N/m3)=
Assuming 50 mm thick surfacing layer
Depth of soil retained by Upper Slab(m)=
Unit weight of surfacing layer (k N/m3)=
Load per m2 of soil on upper slab (k N/m2)=
Culvert width (m)=
Culvert depth(m)=
Thickness of wall (mm)=
Thickness of Upper Slab (m)=
Thickness of base Slab(mm)=

BS 5400 PART 2:2006

Clause 6.2 Type HA
Loading

BD 37/01 Part 14 - Clause 3.2.9.3.1 -Notional lane width (m)=

Loaded length of Box Culvert, L(m)=

Note that the loaded length will be the width of the Box Cu
(a) Calculation of HA UDL
HA UDL per m of loaded length (k N/m)= 336 (1/L)^0.67 =

BD 37 Part 14 Table 14
-HA Lane Factors

Knife Edge Load(KEL) per notional lane(k N)=

First Lane load Factor, 1 = 0.274bl=
(For loaded length 0<L(m)<20)
For a metre width of deck, Ha (kN/m) =
For a metre width of deck , KEL (k N)=

Clause 6.3 Type HB

Loading

(b) Calculation of HB Load

BD 37 Chapter 4

Class of Road carried by structure=

Number of Units for Hb load (k N)=
Nominal Load per axle (k N)=
Nominal Load per wheel (k N)=
Soil Reaction
Length of Culvert (m)=
Width of Culvert (m)=
Height of Culvert (m)=
Area of Culvert in Contact with Earth (m 2) =
Culvert Load
Total Weight of Box Culvert (k N)=
Hb load
Hb load (k N)=
Soil Cover Load
Soil Cover Load (kN)=
Beam Load
Perimeter Beam
Breadth (mm) = 900
Depth (mm)= 1000
Beam Load (k N)= 182.25
Central Beam
Breadth(mm)= 1000
Depth (mm)= 1000
Beam Load (k N)= 202.5
Total Load in k N=
Pressure on Base of Culvert (k N/m2)=

Project:
Element:
Job No.:
Made by:
Volume 2 Section 2
Part 12BD 31/01 Pg
3/3

Verdun Trianon Link Ro

Box Culvert at Chainage 83.10 m- Chain
M 133
Date:
RN
Checked by:

For Cover exceeding depth 0.6m, the HAUDL/KEL does not adequat
traffic loading. In these circumstances the HA UDL/KEL combinatio
replaced by 30 Units HB Loading, dispersed through the fill. Howe
case Hb Load = 45 k N, hence for analysis purposes Ha loading has
ignored.
Dispersal of Wheel loads

Reynold'sReinforced
concrete Designer's
Manual Handbook 11th
Edn. Pg 9 Section
2.4.9 Disperssal of
wheel loads

For the Hb vehicle, one unit of Hb corresponds to 2.5 k N per wheel

of the square contact area becomes approximately 260mm for 30
mm for 37.5 Units and 320mm for 45 Units.Therefore use 320 mm
designing for motorways.

Volume 2 Section 2
Part 12BD 31/01 Pg
3/5

BS 5400 Part 2 2006

Clause 6.26

Dispersal of the single nominal wheel load at a spread to depth ratio of 1 h

to 2 Vertically through asphalt and similar surfacing may be assumed ,whe
considered that this may take place.
The effect of the Vertical load is calculated using Boussineq's equatiion:

CULVERT
112.5 kN

4.10

Point Load, Q (kN) =

r=
Depth of Soil,z(m)=
r/z
Influence factor, Ip =

112.5
2.21
4.10
0.54
0.252

Vertical Stress, z (kN/m) =

Assumption

1.6888511917

Joint Dispersal of wheel load on deck of Culvert, therefore multiply vertical

For 4 wheels,z (kN/m) =

6.8

Verdun Trianon Link Road

t at Chainage 83.10 m- Chainage 35.46 to 49.4 m
8-Jul-16
Page No.:
1
HKM
Approved by:
HKM
Vertical Stress
Road Level
27.93

99.97

Soil unsaturated ,(k N/m3)= 18

f Soil saturated ,sat(k N/m3)= 20

Unit weight of water= 9.81

Internal Friction angle,() = 30

Height of water table(m)= 5

to vehicular Traffic (k N/m2)= 10

cient of active pressure, ka= 0.33
ssure at top of wall (kN/m2)= 27.93
e at bottom of wall (kN/m2)= 99.97
weight of concrete (k N/m3)= 25

retained by Upper Slab(m)= 4.1

t of surfacing layer (k N/m3)= 23

soil on upper slab (k N/m2)= 74.95

Culvert width (m)= 5
Culvert depth(m)= 5
Thickness of wall (mm)= 500
Thickness of Upper Slab (m)= 500
Thickness of base Slab(mm)= 500

3.1 -Notional lane width (m)= 2.5

length of Box Culvert, L(m)= 10.5

ill be the width of the Box Culvert

h (k N/m)= 336 (1/L)^0.67 = 69.5

(KEL) per notional lane(k N)= 120

ne load Factor, 1 = 0.274bl= 0.685
r loaded length 0<L(m)<20)
e width of deck, Ha (kN/m) = 19.0
re width of deck , KEL (k N)= 32.88

of Road carried by structure= Motorways and

Trunk Roads

er of Units for Hb load (k N)= 45

Nominal Load per axle (k N)= 450
ominal Load per wheel (k N)= 112.5

Length of Culvert (m)= 16.2

Width of Culvert (m)= 11.5
Height of Culvert (m)= 6
in Contact with Earth (m 2) = 186.3

Weight of Box Culvert (k N)= 7695

Hb load (k N)= 1259
Soil Cover Load (kN)= 13963.19

(inclusive of Base 500 mm)

(inclusive of Base 500 mm)

Total Load in k N= 23301

on Base of Culvert (k N/m2)= 125

Verdun Trianon Link Road

t at Chainage 83.10 m- Chainage 35.46 to 49.4 m
8-Jul-16
Page No.:
2
HKM
Approved by:
HKM

HAUDL/KEL does not adequately model

s the HA UDL/KEL combination shall be
persed through the fill. However, in this
lysis purposes Ha loading has been

esponds to 2.5 k N per wheel, the side

approximately 260mm for 30 units,290
Units.Therefore use 320 mm as we are

d at a spread to depth ratio of 1 horizontally

surfacing may be assumed ,where it is

d using Boussineq's equatiion:

LVERT

ulvert, therefore multiply vertical stress by 4.

ELEMENT DESIGN to BS 8110:1997

SOLID SLABS
Originated from RCC11.xls on CD

1999 BCA for RCC

INPUT
Location Deck Mid Span
c 1.50
Design moment, M
1350.0 kNm/m
fcu
35 N/mm
s 1.05
b
1.00
fy
460 N/mm
span
5600 mm
Height, h
800 mm
Section location SIMPLY SUPPORTED SPAN
Bar
25 mm
cover
100 mm to this reinforcement
OUTPUT
(3.4.4.4)
(3.4.4.4)
(3.4.4.1)
(Eqn 8)
(Eqn 7)
(Equation 9)
(3.4.6.3)

Deck Mid Span

Compression steel = Nominal
d = 800 - 100 - 25/2 = 687.5 mm
K' = 0.156 > K = 0.082 ok
z = 687.5 [0.5 + (0.25 - 0.082 /0.9)^ = 618.2 > 0.95d = 653.1 mm
As = 1350.00E6 /460 /618.2 x 1.05 = 4985 > min As = 1040 mm/m
.
PROVIDE T25 @ 100 = 4909 mm/m
fs = 2/3 x 460 x 4985 /4909 /1.00 = 311.4 N/mm
Tens mod factor = 0.55 + (477 - 311.4) /120 /(0.9 + 2.856) = 0.917
Comp mod factor = 1 + 0.13/(3 + 0.13) = 1.042
Permissible L/d = 20.0 x 0.917 x 1.042 = 19.109
.
Actual L/d = 5600 /687.5 = 8.145 ok
.

.
.

ELEMENT DESIGN to BS 8110:1997

SOLID SLABS
Originated from RCC11.xls on CD

1999 BCA for RCC

INPUT
Location Upper Slab Support
Design moment, M
305.0 kNm/m
fcu
35 N/mm
b
1.00
fy
460 N/mm
span
5500 mm
Height, h
500 mm
Section location SUPPORT
Bar
16 mm
cover
50 mm to this reinforcement
OUTPUT
(3.4.4.4)
(3.4.4.4)
(3.4.4.1)
.
.
.
.

c 1.50
s 1.05

Upper Slab Support

Compression steel = None
d = 500 - 50 - 16/2 = 442.0 mm
K' = 0.156 > K = 0.045 ok
z = 442.0 [0.5 + (0.25 - 0.045 /0.9)^ = 418.9 > 0.95d = 419.9 mm
As = 305.00E6 /460 /418.9 x 1.05 = 1662 > min As = 650 mm/m
.
PROVIDE T16 @ 100 = 2011 mm/m
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

.
.

Project

Box Culvert Verdun Trianon Link Road

Client

BCEG Ltd

Location

Upper Slab

REINFORCED CONCRETE COUNCIL

Made by

RN

Crack Width Calculations to BS8110: 1997/ BS8007:1987

Originated from RCC14.xls on CD

Checked

Page

08-Jul-2016
Revision

HKM

1999 BCA for RCC

CRACK WIDTH CALCULATIONS - FLEXURE

Date

HKM

INPUT
fcu=
fy=
Area of reinforcement " As " =
b=
h=
d=
Minimum cover to tension reinforcement " CO " =
Maxmum bar spacing " S " =
Bar dia " DIA " =
" acr " =(((S/2)^2+(CO+DIA/2)^2)^(1/2)-DIA/2) as default or enter other value =

35
460
2011
1000
500
442
50
100
16
68.6

"acr " is distance from the point considered to the surface of the nearest longitudinal bar
Applied service moment " Ms "=
131.0

N/mm2
N/mm2
mm2
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
KNm

CALCULATIONS
moduli of elasticity of concrete " Ec" = (1/2)*(20+0.2*fcu) =
moduli of elasticity of steel " Es " =
Modular ratio " " = (Es/Ec) =
" " = As/bd =
depth to neutral axis, "x" = (- +(()2 + 2.)0.5.d =
" Z " = d-(x/3) =
Reinforcement stress " fs " = Ms/(As*Z) =
Concrete stress " fc " = (fs*As)/(0.5*b*x) =
Strain at soffit of concrete beam/slab "" = (fs/Es)*(h-x)/(d-x) =
Strain due to stiffening effect of concrete between cracks " 2 " =
2 = b.(h-x)2/(3.Es.As.(d-x)) for crack widths of 0.2 mm
2 = 1.5.b.(h-x)2/(3.Es.As.(d-x)) for crack widths of 0.1 mm
2 =
Average strain for calculation of crack width " m "= 1- 2 =

13.5
200.0
14.81
0.005
135
397
164
4.88
0.000976

KN/mm2
KN/mm2

mm

N/mm2
N/mm2

Used
n/a
0.000360
0.000616

Calculated crack width, " w " = 3.acr.m/(1+2.(acr-c)/(h-x))

CALCULATED CRACK WIDTH, 'w' =

0.12

1
Job No

mm

M133

ELEMENT DESIGN to BS 8110:1997

SOLID SLABS
Originated from RCC11.xls on CD

1999 BCA for RCC

INPUT
Location Wall
Design moment, M
b
span
Height, h
Bar
cover
OUTPUT
(3.4.4.4)
(3.4.4.4)
(3.4.4.1)
(Eqn 8)
(Eqn 7)
(3.4.6.3)
.

c 1.50
230.0 kNm/m
fcu
35 N/mm
s 1.05
1.00
fy
460 N/mm
5500 mm
500 mm
Section location SIMPLY SUPPORTED SPAN
16 mm
50 mm to this reinforcement

Wall
Compression steel = None
d = 500 - 50 - 16/2 = 442.0 mm
K' = 0.156 > K = 0.034 ok
z = 442.0 [0.5 + (0.25 - 0.034 /0.9)^ = 424.8 > 0.95d = 419.9 mm
As = 230.00E6 /460 /419.9 x 1.05 = 1250 > min As = 650 mm/m
.
PROVIDE T16 @ 150 = 1340 mm/m
fs = 2/3 x 460 x 1250 /1340 /1.00 = 286.0 N/mm
Tens mod factor = 0.55 + (477 - 286.0) /120 /(0.9 + 1.177) = 1.316
Permissible L/d = 20.0 x 1.316 = 26.320
Actual L/d = 5500 /442.0 = 12.443 ok
.
.
.

.
.

Project

Box Culvert Verdun Trianon Link Road

Client

BCEG Ltd

Location

WALL CRACK WIDTH

REINFORCED CONCRETE COUNCIL

Made by

RN

Crack Width Calculations to BS8110: 1997/ BS8007:1987

Originated from RCC14.xls on CD

Checked

Page

08-Jul-2016
Revision

HKM

1999 BCA for RCC

CRACK WIDTH CALCULATIONS - FLEXURE

Date

HKM

INPUT
fcu=
fy=
Area of reinforcement " As " =
b=
h=
d=
Minimum cover to tension reinforcement " CO " =
Maxmum bar spacing " S " =
Bar dia " DIA " =
" acr " =(((S/2)^2+(CO+DIA/2)^2)^(1/2)-DIA/2) as default or enter other value =

35
460
2011
1000
500
442
50
100
16
68.6

"acr " is distance from the point considered to the surface of the nearest longitudinal bar
Applied service moment " Ms "=
191.0

N/mm2
N/mm2
mm2
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
KNm

CALCULATIONS
moduli of elasticity of concrete " Ec" = (1/2)*(20+0.2*fcu) =
moduli of elasticity of steel " Es " =
Modular ratio " " = (Es/Ec) =
" " = As/bd =
depth to neutral axis, "x" = (- +(()2 + 2.)0.5.d =
" Z " = d-(x/3) =
Reinforcement stress " fs " = Ms/(As*Z) =
Concrete stress " fc " = (fs*As)/(0.5*b*x) =
Strain at soffit of concrete beam/slab "" = (fs/Es)*(h-x)/(d-x) =
Strain due to stiffening effect of concrete between cracks " 2 " =
2 = b.(h-x)2/(3.Es.As.(d-x)) for crack widths of 0.2 mm
2 = 1.5.b.(h-x)2/(3.Es.As.(d-x)) for crack widths of 0.1 mm
2 =
Average strain for calculation of crack width " m "= 1- 2 =

13.5
200.0
14.81
0.005
135
397
239
7.12
0.001423

KN/mm2
KN/mm2

mm

N/mm2
N/mm2

Used
n/a
0.000360
0.001063

Calculated crack width, " w " = 3.acr.m/(1+2.(acr-c)/(h-x))

CALCULATED CRACK WIDTH, 'w' =

0.20

1
Job No

mm

M 133

ELEMENT DESIGN to BS 8110:1997

SOLID SLABS
Originated from RCC11.xls on CD

1999 BCA for RCC

INPUT
Location Base Slab
c 1.50
Design moment, M
31.0 kNm/m
fcu
35 N/mm
s 1.05
b
1.00
fy
460 N/mm
span
5500 mm
Height, h
500 mm
Section location SIMPLY SUPPORTED SPAN
Bar
16 mm
cover
50 mm to this reinforcement
OUTPUT
(3.4.4.4)
(3.4.4.4)
(3.4.4.1)
(Eqn 8)
(Eqn 7)
(3.4.6.3)
.

Base Slab
Compression steel = None
d = 500 - 50 - 16/2 = 442.0 mm
K' = 0.156 > K = 0.005 ok
z = 442.0 [0.5 + (0.25 - 0.005 /0.9)^ = 439.8 > 0.95d = 419.9 mm
As = 31.00E6 /460 /419.9 x 1.05 = 169 < min As = 650 mm/m
.
PROVIDE T16 @ 300 = 670 mm/m
fs = 2/3 x 460 x 169 /670 /1.00 = 77.1 N/mm
Tens mod factor = 0.55 + (477 - 77.1) /120 /(0.9 + 0.159) = 2.000
Permissible L/d = 20.0 x 2.000 = 40.000
Actual L/d = 5500 /442.0 = 12.443 ok
.
.
.

.
.

Project

Box Culvert Verdun Trianon Link Road

Client

BCEG Ltd

Location

BASE CRACK WIDTH

REINFORCED CONCRETE COUNCIL

Made by

RN

Crack Width Calculations to BS8110: 1997/ BS8007:1987

Originated from RCC14.xls on CD

Checked

Page

08-Jul-2016
Revision

HKM

1999 BCA for RCC

CRACK WIDTH CALCULATIONS - FLEXURE

Date

HKM

INPUT
fcu=
fy=
Area of reinforcement " As " =
b=
h=
d=
Minimum cover to tension reinforcement " CO " =
Maxmum bar spacing " S " =
Bar dia " DIA " =
" acr " =(((S/2)^2+(CO+DIA/2)^2)^(1/2)-DIA/2) as default or enter other value =

35
460
2011
1000
500
452
40
100
16
61.3

"acr " is distance from the point considered to the surface of the nearest longitudinal bar
Applied service moment " Ms "=
28.0

N/mm2
N/mm2
mm2
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
KNm

CALCULATIONS
moduli of elasticity of concrete " Ec" = (1/2)*(20+0.2*fcu) =
moduli of elasticity of steel " Es " =
Modular ratio " " = (Es/Ec) =
" " = As/bd =
depth to neutral axis, "x" = (- +(()2 + 2.)0.5.d =

13.5
200.0
14.81
0.004
137

KN/mm2
KN/mm2

mm

" Z " = d-(x/3) =

406
Reinforcement stress " fs " = Ms/(As*Z) =
N/mm2
34
Concrete stress " fc " = (fs*As)/(0.5*b*x) =
N/mm2
1.01
Strain at soffit of concrete beam/slab "" = (fs/Es)*(h-x)/(d-x) = 0.000197
Strain due to stiffening effect of concrete between cracks " 2 " =
2 = b.(h-x)2/(3.Es.As.(d-x)) for crack widths of 0.2 mm
Used
2 = 1.5.b.(h-x)2/(3.Es.As.(d-x)) for crack widths of 0.1 mm
n/a
2 = 0.000347
Average strain for calculation of crack width " m "= 1- 2 = -0.000149
Calculated crack width, " w " = 3.acr.m/(1+2.(acr-c)/(h-x))
CALCULATED CRACK WIDTH, 'w' =

1
Job No

-0.02

mm

M 133

9 (C)
10 (C)
11 (C)
12 (C)
13 (C)
14 (C)
15 (C)
16 (C)

ULS Dead+ Surfacing+Ha UDL+HaKEL(midspan)+Ev+Eh

ULS Dead+ Surfacing+Ha UDL+HaKEL(support)+Ev+Eh
ULS Dead+ Surfacing+Hb(midspan)+Ev+Eh
ULS Dead+ Surfacing+Hb(support)+Ev+Eh
SLS Dead+ Surfacing+Ha UDL+HaKEL(midspan)+Ev+Eh
SLS Dead+ Surfacing+Ha UDL+HaKEL(support)+Ev+Eh
SLS Dead+ Surfacing+Hb(midspan)+Ev+Eh
SLS Dead+ Surfacing+Hb(support)+Ev+Eh

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

1.15
1.15
1.15
1.15
1
1
1
1

2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2

1.75
1.75
1.75
1.75
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2

4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4

1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1
1
1
1

5
6
7
8
5
6
7
8

1.5
1.5
1.3
1.3
1.2
1.2
1.1
1.1