Punctuation: Commas Insert commas in the sentences below.

Remember that
commas are needed when:
1) Listing a series: I ate a hot dog, ice cream, a burger and soda.
2) Before conjunctions: I slept all summer, but still felt accomplished.
3) Before parentheses: I dont want summer to end, Kyle sighed.
4) After introductory elements: As a child, my favorite part of summer was not
having to go to school.
Exercise
1. Watermelon a refreshing fruit is nice to eat on a hot day.
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2. My ice cream which is chocolate flavored is melting fast.
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3. I will miss my friends but I will enjoy the break from school.
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4. The baseball game which started at 5 was the perfect way to spend a
summer evening.
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5. I would like to invite you to my pool party my friend Veronica said.
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6. My brother grandma and aunt bought root beer oats.

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7. Although I dont want to get sunburnt I like laying out on the grass.
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8. our solar system includes the sun and all the planets moons dwarf planets
and asteroids that orbit around it the four planets closest to the sun include
mercury venus earth and mars these inner planets are made of rock and
metals they are quite small compared to the outer planets the four outer
planets are called gas giants because they are made mostly of gases the
outer planets include jupiter saturn uranus and neptune the most well-known
dwarf planet in our solar system is pluto
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Abstract Nouns
Abstract nouns are intangible. They identify concepts, experiences, ideas and
feeling. Abstract nouns are the opposite of concrete nouns.
For eg. Anger, Loyalty, Love, Peace, Honesty, Knowledge, Justice, Reality, Truth,
Despair, Calm, Hope, Joy, Freedom, childhood, hate, faith, wisdom, pleasure, delight,
bravery
9.

Circle the abstract noun in each sentence below

a. The man had a lot of pride in his work.
b. I respected the honesty my friend showed.
c. Can you believe that womans brilliance?
d. To my delight, everyone arrived on time.
e. She was in great despair when she lost her phone.
f. We have a lot of hope for the future.
g. They showed extreme joy when they helped others.
h. The men had much bravery on the battlefield.
i. My mother always shows great compassion for her children.
j. We have a ton of pride in our school.

Abstract nouns refer to ideas and qualities that we cannot see or touch. Most abstract nouns are formed from
adjectives. For example, the abstract noun safety is formed from the adjective safe.
Fill in the blanks with suitable abstract nouns. The adjectives, verbs or nouns given in the brackets should offer
clues.
1. He is a man of (strong)
2. The people in this part of the country live in . (poor).
3. .. to animals is a punishable offence. (cruel)
4. He is on a . to Mecca. (pilgrim)
5. I have great . to welcome you. (please).
6. . is the best period of ones life. (child)
7. .. should always be avoided. (waste).
8. As a parent my childrens . is of utmost importance to me. (safe).
9. As the sun went below the horizon . enveloped the planet. (dark).
10. There is no end to his .. (wicked)

An abstract noun is the name of a quality, action or state. Abstract nouns refer to ideas
that we cannot see or touch.

Examples are given below.

Quality goodness, kindness, beauty, intelligence, generosity, cleverness, obedience,
honesty, brightness, wisdom, bravery, courage, hardness, softness
Action laughter, theft, movement, judgment
State childhood, boyhood, manhood, youth, slavery, sickness, poverty, death, sleep
The names of the arts and science are also abstract nouns. Examples are: physics,
chemistry, grammar, music
Abstract nouns can be formed from adjectives, verbs and common nouns.
From adjectives
Kindness from kind
Bravery from brave
Illness from ill
Honesty from honest
From verbs
Obedience from obey
Growth from grow
Pleasure from please
From common nouns

Childhood from child

Slavery from slave
Exercise
Form abstract nouns from the following adjectives.
1. Long

2. Strong

3. Wide

4. Young

5. Humble

6. Decent

7. Cruel

8. Bitter

9. Prudent

10. Dark

11. Wise

12. Good

13. Vacant

14. Sweet

15. Human

16. Free

17. Proud

18. Brave

19. Novel

20. Poor

21. Just

22. Vain

23. Sane

24. Ignorant
Circle the abstract nouns
1. a) ball b) bat c)trust d) grass 2. a) puppies b) loyalty c) bananas d) monkey 3. a)
kindness b) car c) bicycle d) skateboard 4. a) knife b) fork c) plate d) hunger 5. a)
bedroom b) blanket c) comfort d) pajamas

Underline the abstract nouns in these sentences?

1. The monkeys at the zoo have a lot of curiosity.

2. The kids laugh at the playfulness of the little monkeys.

3. The monkeys laugh at the silliness of the kids.
4. The monkeys like to show off their intelligence to the onlookers.
5. The monkeys show their happiness with big smiles for everyone
Can you fill in the blank with the correct abstract noun?
1. The monkeys swing from tree to tree with so much ________.
2. The kids gave the monkeys bananas, showing their ________.
3. The monkeys showed their _______ by smashing the bananas.
4. Mommy monkey kisses baby monkey with great ________.
5. The kids show a lot of ________ when the monkeys start to wave.
a) Tenderness b) Humor c) Grace d) Excitement e)Generosity
Fill in the blanks with abstract nouns to write your own story about these little
monkeys!
One day five monkeys decided to take a walk in the forest. The afternoon was
getting hot when they came upon a river. The gang decided it would be a great idea
to go for a dip. They started swinging from the trees and diving into the cool water.
Tyrone, being the youngest, wanted to prove that he had just as much _________ as
the others, so he grabbed a branch and started swinging. He let go of the branch
and went flying through the air. Tyrone looked down at the water and landed with a
loud SMACK. Some of the older monkeys began to laugh at Tyrones painful belly
flop. Lulu, the oldest of the bunch, went over to comfort Tyrone and to tell him that

he had just as much _________ and _________ as the older monkeys, and that he
shouldnt worry because they had all belly flopped at one time or another. Tyrone
appreciated Lulus __________ and felt much better about his __________. By now it
was getting late and the monkeys decided it was time to head home. They walked
back through the forest talking about their day. All the monkeys thought that they
had showed great __________ and __________ at the river. They decided that they
would meet again the next day and have another adventure. It had been a
wonderful afternoon and the monkeys eagerly returned home to share their stories
of __________ and __________ with their families.

Answers
1. Long -> length
2. Strong -> strength
3. Wide -> width
4. Young -> youth
5. Humble -> humility
6. Decent -> decency
7. Cruel -> cruelty
8. Bitter -> bitterness
9. Prudent -> prudence
10. Dark -> darkness
11. Wise -> wisdom

12. Good -> goodness

13. Vacant -> vacancy
14. Sweet -> sweetness
15. Human -> humanity
16. Free -> freedom
17. Proud -> pride
18. Brave -> bravery
19. Novel -> novelty
20. Poor -> poverty
21. Just -> justice
22. Vain -> vanity
23. Sane -> sanity
24. Ignorant -> ignorance

Answers
1. He is a man of strength.
2. The people in this part of the country live in poverty.
3. Cruelty to animals is a punishable offence.
4. He is on a pilgrimage to Mecca.
5. I have great pleasure to welcome you.
6. Childhood is the best period of your life.

7. Wastage should always be avoided.

8. As a parent my childrens safety is of utmost importance to me.
9. As the sun went below the horizon darkness enveloped the planet.
10. There is no end to his wickedness.