PART

1: Using Figure 24.1 in the book, answer the following questions. Make sure you can justify
your answer.
1. True or False: Monkeys and apes are primates.
2. True or False: Bushbabies are not primates because they do not have an opposable thumb.
3. True or False: Apes are a type of monkey.
4. The group monkeys is a __________________ group. (Monphyletic, paraphyletic, polyphyletic)
5. What is an opposable thumb? Why is it important?



PART 2:The Great Apes (Section 24.1)
5. What is a hominin?


6. True or False Chimpanzees are hominins.
7. Why is the skull in Figure 24.4 so significant?


8. The fossil Figure 24.5 allows us to date an important evolutionary step in hominin evolution.
What is the date and what is the evolutionary step?


9. Examine Figure 24.6. The time of the greatest hominin radiation was approximately:
A) 6MYA 5MYA
B) 5MYA 4MYA
C) 4MYA 3MYA
D) 3MYA 2MYA
E) 2MYA 1MYA

10. According to the phylogenetic tree, which hominin species did Homo sapiens most recently
evolve from?

PART 3: Lactase Persistence in Humans

11. Study the figure below. Each pie chart represents a distinct population. The degree to
which the pie chart is filled in illustrates the percentage of individuals in that population who
are lactase persistent.

A) Identify one trend you see in the data. Hypothesize an explanation for this trend.


B) State one possible hypothesis that can explain the global distribution of lactase
persistence (lactose tolerance) and lactase nonpersistence (lactose intolerance). Be sure to
include the following key words in your explanation: selection, fitness, survival.


12. Both the Maasi and Western Europeans have a high frequency of lactase persistence.
Lactase persistence in these two groups:
A) is a homologous trait
B) is due to convergent evolution
C) is due to an evolutionary reversal


PART 4: African Origins (Section 24.2)
13. We know that the first hominin left Africa around 2 MYA. However, there are two
major hypotheses about the evolution of modern humans: the multiregional hypothesis
and the out-of-Africa hypothesis.

Using the following 2 maps, draw the basic movement of people described by the
multiregional hypothesis & the out of Africa hypothesis. Label the timing of the movement
out of Africa.

14. Based on the out-of-Africa hypothesis. Were modern humans (Homo sapiens) the first
hominins species to make it out of Africa?