UNIT

1 MONEY MATTERS

Objective:

Topic Talk

3. Listen again to the first person. Complete the information in

the gaps. (Audio track)

1. In which of the photos (A-C) are people spending, earning,

or saving money? Check the correct space ( X ).

Im quite good with 1 ________________. I get a six pounds a

2

___________ pocket money. I do a part-time 3 ________,

too.
I save about fifty pounds a 4 __________ and put it in my bank
account. I dont use my 5 _________ a lot. I enjoy 6 ________ .
4. Listen and repeat the numbers.

unidades

decenas

a. six
b. sixteen
c. thirty
d. thirteen

e. fifty

f. fifteen
5. Complete the description by filling in the gaps with the
words from the Word Bank.

Im quite careful 1 with money. I 2 _______ $20 3 __________

money a week from my parents. I also have a part-time
spending,

earning,

or

saving ?

Photo A
(
)
(
)
(
)
_________________________________________________

Photo B
(
)
(
)
(
)
_________________________________________________

Photo C
(
)
(
)
(
)
_________________________________________________

2. Listen to four people (1-4). Match them with their money

personality.

_________ on the weekends where I 5 __________ $60 a

week. Since I am very good with my money, I can

6

____________ about $30 a month that I always put it in my 7

_________ account. I usually 8 _______ money on

cosmetics, but I dont spend a lot of money 9 _____ clothes. I
enjoy shopping 10 _____ shopping centers because there is a
lot of choice.
Word Bank
at with earn

pocket

save

job get

bank

on spend

6. Work in Pairs. Use the information in Exercise 5 to talk

about how you manage your money.
worries a lot
about money

is good
at making
money

spends a lot

saves a lot

1. _________________________________
2. _________________________________
3. _________________________________
4. _________________________________

Example 1:
A: Im very good with money. I can save 30 dollars a
month, and I always put it in my bank account.
B: I enjoy shopping at shopping centers.
Example 2:
A: Im not very good with money. I spend a lot on
clothes.
B: I often spend a lot on cosmetics.

LESSON 1 Saving Money

4. Use the above Skills Builder strategies as you read To Save

Dollars is to Earn Dollars! again. Then answer with:
T (true), or F (false). Example: Jean is not very frugal. ____
T
1. You can be frugal and also look cool. _____
2. Jean says these are great, money-saving tips! _____
3. A way to save is to look for sales with discounts of more
than 50% off the regular prices. _____
4. Brad advises Jean not to see any films or DVDs. _____
To Save Dollars is to Earn Dollars!

Warm Up
1. In pairs, decide which three tips are the best to save money.
Do you have any other money-saving ideas to share with the
class?
1. If someone gives you a gift of money, save it in the bank.
2. Check out prices in different places before you purchase.
3. Try to sell old things you dont need to your neighbors.
4. Shop in places like La Baha in Guayaquil, or online.
5. Look for bargains at small shops and used clothing stores.
6. Buy things days after the holidays like Christmas and
Valentines Day.
2. Quickly read the To Save Dollars is to Earn Dollars!
Which two tips in Warm Up, Exercise 1 are mentioned in the
Reading dialogue? # ____ # _____
3. Read the dialogue again. Match the words in blue with the
these definitions:
mean
Example: - stingy, not generous, not nice = _______
a. careful with money

___________

b. to pay out much money _________ ________

c. old, but valuable

___________

d. a T-shirt or a blouse

______

e. low-priced items

_____________

f. a big group of people

___________

g. to find out about

__________ ______

h. a group of flowers

______________

i. the first night of a film

_______ ________________

Skills Builder: Reading for Specific Information:

Read to get the general idea of the text.
Read True/False statements. First guess if theyre
T or F using the pictures to help you.
Find the important words and expressions. Ex. frugal
Locate the places in the text that give the answers to the
questions. Read them carefully to check your guesses.
When you are not sure, guess the possible right answer.

Brad: Let me pay for your lunch, Jean.

Jean: You always have a bit of extra money, but we earn the
same monthly salary! What is your secret, Brad?
Brad: Im frugal: I dont spend money on unnecessary things.
Jean: So, you save your money for important things
Brad: Right! I see that you are wearing designer jeans. You
dont need to buy expensive jeans with a brand name if
you want to save money! I can get you a pair of
comforttable jeans, or a pair of sunglasses that are
half-price!
Jean: Really?
Brad: Yeah. You didnt have to fork out money for that white,
cotton blouse or that pair of silver earrings. To look cool,
you dont have to pay much money for a new top, or for
fantasy costume jewelry. People think its real metal.
Jean: I need a bit of information and advice about these
things!
Brad: Look at this vintage, leather, Hard-Rock-Cafe jacket.
Its valuable, but it only cost me $10.
Jean: How do you find so many cheap things? I need a bit of
paper to write on to take some notes.
Brad: I always look for bargains at used clothing stores and in
small shops away from the crowd. And at special fairs, I
check out things like: a bottle of perfume or after-shave
lotion, a packet of peanuts, or a box of chocolates.
Jean: These are great, money-saving tips!
Brad: Dont buy a packet of sweets as a present; make a
cake. Dont buy a bouquet of roses; go to your garden
to get the flowers. Dont buy a can of lemonade, make
some lemonade or orange juice in the kitchen. Look for
sales with discounts of more than 50% (fifty percent) off
the regular prices. You can find things at very low prices
in places like La Baha in Guayaquil, or online.
Jean: What else do you advise me to do? Tell me more!
Brad: Dont go to a film premier at the cinema. Have a bit of
fun at home with your friends. Wait to see them on TV,
Netflix, or on DVD. I can give you some of my DVDs!
Jean: Thanks, Brad. You are very generous!
Brad: I thought my father was mean and nasty when he
bought me an old, used car, but we saved lots of money!
Its in good condition. Its better than my uncles new car!
Jean: Speaking of your car, Brad, I have a class in 15 minutes
at the university. Can you take me there?
Brad: Sure. Lets go!
Jean: Good! With a bit of luck, Im going to get to class on
time!
5. Word Builder Fill in the blanks with these partial quantities,
called Partitives: a bit of *, a bottle of, a pair of, a box of,
a bouquet of, a packet of, a can of
1. a _bit of__ advice/money/information/paper/fun/luck/water
2. a ____________ jeans/sunglasses/earrings/socks/trousers
3. a _______________ perfume/after-shave/lemonade/juice
4. a _______________ sweets/peanuts/biscuits/crisps
5. a. ______________ shoes/chocolates/matches/markers
6. a _______________ cola/lemonade/beans
7. a ____________________ flowers/roses
NOTE:* a bit of is used with all uncountable nouns. See a list of partitives online: https://www.englishclub.com/vocabulary/nouns-uncountable-partitive-list.htm

Speaking

Writing

6. In Exercise 5, look at the Partitive words and the word

examples that follow them. Replace some in the exercise
below with the correct Partitive. The Partitives in red in the
dialogue, To Save Dollars is to Earn Dollars! can help you.

10. Imagine that you want to sell something here.

Write an advertisement (ad.) for it using a few descriptive
adjectives in the correct order (opinion, size/age, color,
material, make/type), followed by the item (a noun).

I got some advice from a friend about how to save money. He

told me he can get some sunglasses for me for half-price,
so Ill have some extra money to get some perfume for my
mother for her birthday. Maybe Ill have enough money to get
food to eat and drink, too, like some sweets, some peanuts,
and some cola. With some luck, I can buy my mother some
flowers!
7. In pairs: Read these two ads. Select one advert.
Is it a good value? Tell what you think. Why/Why not?

T-shirt Its a medium, cotton, Hard-Rock-Cafe T-shirt, $1 used,

but in good condition. Text me: Whats App +59399887766554

After-Shave Lotion:

(similar to cologne)
-nearly-full, Old Spice After-Shave
-starting at $3

11. Bring an item to class. Try to sell it.

Text offers to: +59391122334455

8. To describe an item in English, a list of adjectives go in this order: (They are followed by the noun they describe.)
Opinion

Size or Age

Color

Material

Make or Type

interesting
boring
easy
difficult
expensive
cheap
nice
nasty
generous
mean

small
medium
large
extra-large (XL)
big
new/old
young/old
3-year-old
nearly-new
size-39

blue
red
orange
yellow
green
black
brown
grey/gray
purple
silver

cotton
polyester
wool
leather
denim
metal
silver
gold
plastic
wood

Calvin Klein
Old Navy
Nike
Casio
Toyota
mens / womens
football / soccer
casual / formal
running
role-playing (game)

9. Think of an item to describe. Write that noun at the end on the right, under the X. Then choose an adjective from each column
above, and write each descriptor in the correct order.
Example:
-an
expensive,

extra-large,

black,

leather,

Harley-Davidson,

X
jacket

1. -a _________________ _________________ _______________ __________ _________________ ______________

2. -a _________________ _________________ _______________ __________ _________________ ______________
3. -a _________________ _________________ _______________ __________ _________________ ______________

LESSON 2 My favorite shop

Warm Up
1. Look at the shop in this photo. It probably sells which of the
following things? Circle.
costumes
computers

DVDs
magazines

comics
masks

food
games

2. Read the Platform 9 and the Magical Barrier reviews to

see if you would you like to visit the shops. Why, or why not?

5. In the first review, find six examples of the present perfect.

6. Use the cues to make sentences in the Present Perfect.
a. Geo/find/all the DVDs/at Platform 9
Ex. Geo has found all the
DVDs at Platform 9 .
b. Janice/buy/some great presents there.
c. Janice/see/famous people/a couple of times/in the
shop.
d. Geo/not buy/a book with JK Rollings signature.
e. Janice/be/to the shop/many times.
f. Janice/spend a lot of money there.
7. Look at the Sentence Builder, and complete the sentences
below with the correct form of the Present Perfect with ever or
never.
Sentence Builder: ever/never
Have you ever visited Platform 9 ?
I have never left without a bargain.
Ex.
a. My dad has never bought (buy) clothes in a second-hand
shop.
b. ________________ (you/sell) anything?
c. I _________ (visit) an open-air market.
d. ____________________(you and your friends/spend) all
day in a shopping mall?
e. My parents ________________ (give) me expensive
presents.
f. __________________(you/be) to a designer shop?

8. Look at the Sentence Builder below. Which word, already or

yet, is used in:
a) affirmative sentences?
b) questions/negative sentences?.

3. Read the reviews again. Which of the reviewers, Geo, or

Janice:
a. is into reading books?
__________________________
b. has a family who likes fantasy?
__________________________
c. has met someone famous in the shop?
__________________________
Present Perfect (2)
4. Read the present perfect sentences from the text. Underline
the correct words in the rule below.
Good examples:
a. I have always found great presents here.
b. I have bought
c. I have seen famous people in here a couple of times.
Rule: Correct it by underlining.
We use the present perfect when
-we know /
-we do not know or care about / exactly
when the past action happened.

Sentence Builder already / yet

They have already ordered it.
Have you been to Platform 9 yet?
I havent been there yet.
9. Work in Pairs. Use the cues to make dialogues with
already or yet.
Ex. A: visit Platform 9
B: found a job
A: Have you visited Platform 9
yet?
B: No, I havent. But I have already
found a job.
1. A: buy a Valentines Day
present.
B: save some money to buy it.
2. A: do your homework.
B: read some grammar books.
3. A: buy a cellphone.
B: choose one.
4. A: go to see Civil War.
B: plan to go on Saturday.

10. Listen to two dialogs. Correct the mistakes in the

following sentences.
1. Jake has seen Hugh Grant. ____________________
____________________________________________
2. Colin has been to the Alps._____________________
____________________________________________
3. Sara has climbed Ben Nevis. ___________________
4. ___________________________________________
5. Amy has seen Brad Pitt and George Clooney on the
telly. _______________________________________
_____________________________________________

11. Work in pairs. Use the cues to make dialogues

A starts:
1. become a parent
2. volunteer work toward
an important cause
3. serve your country
4. find a dream job

B answers:
1. got a lot of niblings
2. teach the Bible in my
community
3. be part of the Red Cross
4. find a career

B starts:
1. buy used clothes
2. be physical fit
3. start my own business
4. teach adults

A answers:
1. buy used books
2. be healthy
3. sell catalogs clothes
4. teach children

11. Use the cues to write true sentences about your life. Use the present perfect and already or yet.
pass my driving test

be abroad

have a girlfriend/boyfriend

read Otelo

watch the news today

LESSON 3 Language Review

1. Complete the sentences using the present perfect.
Ex: Marlon has played video games seven times! (play)
1. __________________ the handbag that she bought in
Guayaquil. (she / lose)
2. Someone ____________ my English book. (steal)
3. Ms. Prraga is a little worried, because she
__________________ any money. (not / save)
4. Daniel _____________ much money because, he a frugal
person. (not / spend)
5. ________________ an Ecuadorian feature-length film?
(we / see)
2. Choose the correct adverb in parenthesis. Rewrite the sentences and put it in the correct place.
1. Have you bought a bouquet of roses to your wife? (ever /
never)
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
2. Has she found money in a taxi? (ever / never)
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
3. Negative: My family has won the lottery.(ever/never)
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
4. Carlos and Bryan have found a new job in the shopping
center. (already / yet)
________________________________________________
________________________________________________

choose a future working place

finish my English project

see (a new film, etc.)

drive a car

5. I havent forgotten my first love. (already / yet)

________________________________________________
________________________________________________
6. Have they finished their new project? (already / yet)
________________________________________________
________________________________________________
3. Complete the dialogue between Mauricio and Mary. Use the
word in parenthesis.
Mauricio: Hi, Mary! Long time no see!
Mary:
I have ____________in Quito for 3 years.
(be) I have ___________ finished my
career there. (already / yet)
Mauricio: Wow! I havent finished my career
_________ (already / yet)
I have _________ so hard in a bookshop
(work) because, my family hasnt had
enough money to help me. Have you
_______ worked in a bookshop to earn
money? (never / ever).
Mary:
I have ____________ it, (never / ever / do)
but, I have saved money by buying in
Charity shops and looking for good prices
online, because my family _______(have)
spent a lot of money on my career.
Mauricio: OK, Mary, I have to buy some fruit,
poultry and vegetables. Do you want to
come along with me?
Mary:
Sure!
4. Put the following words in order to make sentences.
1.
lost / I / my / have / wallet / money. / fork out / to / have / I / and
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
2.
she / shop / womans / a / in / bought / has / small blouse / a
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________

UNIT

2 MONEY MATTERS

Objective:

UNIT

3 WERE RELATED

Objective: Talk and read about relatives, generations, as well as the styles that each one prefers, and
listen to passages about them; express agreement or disagreement; write ones opinion; more using
the Present Perfect tense.

Topic Talk

/s/

/z/

/ z/

Vocabulary, Families
1. Look at the photo to answer the questions.

Listening
Family descriptions.
3. Listen to the following videos, and answer the questions
according the information in them.
1.- How many generations do you see in the photo above?
2.- How often do you get together with your extended family?
How often do you get together with your nuclear family?
3.- Using the words below, to try to tell the names of the
types of relatives pointing to them in the photo.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bj01pRLjjNI

Ex. They are cousins.

Relatives:
aunts / uncles, cousins, nephews / nieces,
grandparents,
parents,
mother-in-laws
/ father-in-laws, step mothers / step fathers,
half-brothers / half-sisters?
* Possibly
1. Joe and Linda Brower are Roberts __________

Pronunciation, Plural Endings

Pronunciation Practice Exercises for Final s
Voiceless sounds
take /s/

Voiced sound
take /z/

These sounds
take / z/

These sounds are

voiceless:
/f/ /h/ /k/ /p/ /t/

These sounds are

voiced:
/b/ /d/ /g/ /j/ /l/ /m/ /n/
/ng/ /r/ /v/ /w/
+ all vowel sounds

/s/ /ks/ /z/ //

Examples
laughs / lfs/
talks / tks/

Examples
rubs / rbz
sings / sngz

Examples
kisses / kIsiz
boxes / bksz

2. Scarlet is 35, so she is the oldest ___________

3. Sarah is the only child.

True

False

4. Sarah hates cooking cakes with her mother and

grandmother.

True

False

5. Harriet is _____________ and she has _______

children.

Pronunciation, Plural Endings

2. Say the following words out loud and then put them in the
correct columns according to the sound of the plural or third
person s:
boys damages graduates lessons minutes
products hates lives paints closes faces
hours loves things girls.

6. Mary and Phil Smith have two ____________ .

Listening

Speaking Exchange with a Partner,

4. Talk about families.
Student A: Comparing the
people in the two photos, ask
your partner which ones look
happier, and why.
Student B: Share your thoughts
with your partner. Then tell your
teacher your conclusions about
the two families. Next, describe
for your partner your family, and
each member.

LESSON 1 Generational Differences

Reading

____________________________________ Modern
technology has made it simple to discover our old
friends and also discover new people to network with.
This is a benefit to both individuals and businesses.
Many businesses have embraced the social networking
technology to interact with their customers. Users of
social networks can share information with friends, live
chat with them and interact in all sorts of ways.

1. Read the following blog and then complete the comprehension activities.

Modern Technology: Advantages

and Disadvantages
Posted by: Karehka Ramey in Techucation November 6, 2012
8

Ex. Easy Access to Information It has become very

easy to get access to relevant information at any time,
anywhere. This has been possible because of modern
technologies like broadband internet. Lots of data is
being published and indexed online, sites like Wikipedia
and YouTube have great original content which can be
used in research or entertainment. With smart gadgets
like the iPad, iPhone, and Galaxy Tablet, users can
easily have access to information because these smart
gadgets use the internet, and this simplifies the way we
get information.

Disadvantages Of Modern Technology:

____________________________________ Social
isolation is on the increase, people are spending more
time playing video games, learning how to use new
modern technologies, using social networks and they
neglect their real life. Technology has replaced our old
way of interacting. If a user can easily interact with
100 friends online, they will feel no need to going out
to make real friends which at a later stage leads to
loneliness.

___________________________________ Modern
transportation technology makes it very easy to travel
long distances. Transportation technology has evolved
with years. In the past, it used to be slow and
expensive to move long distances. Nowadays, one can
cover a 10 miles distance within a few minutes or hours
using electric trains or airplanes.

________________________________ Modern
technology has simplified our lives. If you compare
the type of housing we used to have in 1900 and the
architecture of houses today, the difference is very big.
New architectural technology has improved the types of
housed we build nowadays. People with money can
afford town floating housed and glass homes. Most of
the items in our house are now automated; for example,
doors use fingerprints which guarantee security; and
remote webcams monitor what goes on at your home.
_____________________________________ Modern
technology has played a big role in changing the
Entertainment Industry. Home entertainment has
improved with the invention of video games and
advance music and visual systems like smart
televisions which can connect live to the internet so that
a user can share what theyre watching with friends.
Easy access and storage of music, services like iTunes
allow users to purchase and download music on their
iPods at a small cost.

_________________________________ Modern
technology has replaced many humans; robots are
doing the jobs which used to be done by humans. Many
packing firms have employed robots to increase production and efficiency, which is bad news to employees
because they get replaced by a robot.
Last updated on 11th-04-2013
Adapted from
http://www.useoftechnology.com/modern-technology-advantages-disadvantages/

Reading Comprehension
Activities
A. What is the main idea of the author?

1. To explain how technology affects peoples lives.

2. To express pros and cons of modern technology.
3. To give advice on the use of technology.

B. Find the header of each paragraph. (There are two extra

options.)

1. Increased Loneliness
2. Improved Housing and Lifestyle
3. Efficiency and Productivity
4. Social Networking
5. Job Loss
6. The Convenience of Traveling
7. Improved Communication
8. Easy Access to Information
9. Improved Entertainment

Writing: Sentence Builders

Contrast Linkers/ Connectors
To contrast ideas, we use some linkers such as:
but
However,

although/even though
Nevertheless,

However is more formal than but. But cannot be used at the

beginning of a sentence in formal writing, instead use:
However followed by a comma.

Word Builder
Compounds
A compound noun is a noun that is made up of two or more
words. There are three forms for compound nouns:
1. open (or spaced) has a space between the two
words, eg. tennis shoe
2. hyphenated has a hyphen between words e.g.
six-pack
3. closed (or solid) has no space or hyphen between
the words, e.g. bedroom
Stress is important in compound nouns. They tend to have
more stress on the first word. For instance, in the compound
noun golf ball, the first word is stressed more since it is
considered as a single noun, so it has a single main stress:
on the first word. Nevertheless, as adjectives and nouns are
always stressed, in pink ball, both words are equally
stressed. It helps us to differentiate if somebody says a
GREEN HOUSE (a house which is painted green), or a
GREENhouse (a building made of glass for growing plants
inside).

I had the tickets for the concert. I couldnt go.x

I had the tickets for the concert, but I couldnt go.
I had the tickets for the concert. However, I couldnt go

NOTE: although / even though can be used interchangeably.

It was raining. I went swimming.
Although it was raining, I went swimming.
I went swimming although it was raining.

I liked the red dress. I bought the black one.

Even though I liked the red dress, I bought the black one.
I bought the black dress even though I liked the red one.

https://www.englishclub.com/grammar/nouns-compound.htm
Compound Nouns
Adverb/Adjective
Verb +
+ Noun
Noun

Noun +
Noun

Noun + Verb

homepage broadband

breakfast

network

video
game

upload / download

washing
machine

fingerprint

airplane

cellphone,
smartphone,

swimvideo
ming pool conference-ing

mobile device / /
mobile phone

Complete the following Closed Compound Nouns.

site

line

phone
cams

1. Lots of data is being published and indexed online. Users

need to discern the junk from the high-quality information.
______________________________________________

_______________________________________________

Time For Practice

print

Sentence transformation: Combine the following ideas using a

Contrast Linker/Connector.

2. Technology is very helpful. Humans get replaced by it at

work.

blackboard

on___________
smart_________
lap___________
up___________
web__________

Time For Practice

off____________
air____________
home__________
finger__________
farm___________

page
land

top
planes

load

3. Modern and expensive technology simplifies our lives. Just

rich people can afford it.
_______________________________________________

LESSON 2 Crossing Generations

Grammar

Stalin (born 1935)

I was born in 1935. My mother had me at home. At that
time it was common to give birth at home. My mother
had seven children. My father died when I was 5 years
old. My older brother left home and went to the World
War II. I have always worked hard. I just attended the
elementary school until second grade. However, I learnt
to read. I have read a lot about History and Politics. I
enjoy communicating with friends and relatives through
internet.
My granddaughter, Kathy, was born in 1993. She is a
lovely and happy girl. She loves technology. She has
taught me how to use the internet. She has grown up
surrounded by luxury and freedom. We have always
been very close.

Warm Up
1. What do you know about your parents and grandparents
childhood and youth?
And their:
home?
job?
Hobbies?
free time?
Ex.
My grandparents lived in the country. They were very poor
and had thirteen children. My parents...
2. Read the profiles and answer the questions.
1. What is the relationship between Stalin and Kathy?
2. What do Stalin and Kathy like about each other?
3. Is it easy for you to communicate with your parents and
grandparents? Why, or why not?
4. Listen to the following speech about Secrets to Communicating Across Generations.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=khD5Vkyrhdo
Will you put this good counsel into practice?

Present Perfect
5. Read the sentences below. Underline the correct words in
the Rule below. Find five more example sentences of present
perfect in the text.
Good Examples:
1. She has taught me how to use the internet.
2. She has grown up surrounded by luxury and freedom.

Rule
We use the present perfect tense to talk about
situations that started in the past and
continue to now. / are no longer true.

Kathy
My grandpa has had an interesting life. He has lived
amazing facts in history. He experienced the World War
II, the arriving to the moon, the evolution of
communication, the internet era. Hes in touch with his
friends and relatives who are abroad through the web.
His life has changed tremendously.
Hes never been into music, sports or fashionable stuff.
Hes interested into news and technology. He has always
told me amazing stories about his life. I have always
shared my secrets with him.

Warm Up
Present Perfect vs. Simple Past
6. Read the following sentences. Match them with the best
meaning. Circle a. or b...
1. He has always told me amazing stories about his life.
a. He told me amazing stories when I was a child.
b. He told me amazing stories when I was a child and
continues to tell me them.
2. He has never been into music, sports or fashionable stuff.
a. He was not into music, sports or fashionable stuff
when he was young, but he is now.
b. He was not into music, sports or fashionable stuff
when he was young and he isnt now.

7. Complete the sentences below about the Reading on the

previous page. Use present perfect and always or never.
1. Stalin has always been interested in History. (be)
2. Stalin _____________________ hard. (work)
3. Kathy ______________________ technology. (love)
4. Stalin __________________ into music. (be)
5. They _________________a close relationship. (have)
6. Kathy ______________________ into poverty. (be)
8. Look at the Sentence Builder, and complete the rules below
with for and since.
SENTENCE BUILDER

9. Pair Work. Make dialogues in present perfect. Use the cues

for or since.
Ex.
1. You live in Portoviejo / I was born
A: How long have you lived in Portoviejo?
B: I have lived in Portoviejo since I was born.
2. You have a laptop / last month
3. Your sister studies abroad / 2014
4. Your grandparents live in Quito / eight years
5. Your parents have a car / five months
10. Pair work. Use the prompts to respond to the sentences.
1. I love your house!
(Oh, I have it / for years)
A: I love your house!
B: Oh, Ive had it for years
2. Is he your boyfriend?
(No, I / have anything with him / never)
3. Oh, you have a vegetable garden!
(Yes, I / have it /for many years

for /since

4. How was your Statistics exam?

(Excellent, I / be a mathematician / always)

They have worked at home since 2014.

5. Do you like broccoli?

(No, I / hate it / always)

They have worked at home for two years.

11. Pair Work. Use the cues to make true sentences about
yourself in present perfect. Use the corresponding time
expressions in the box.

1. We use ___________ with a period of time, for

example: half an hour, three years, a few days

Ex. Ive been married for six years.

2. We use ____________ with the time when the

action started, for example: last month, June 20th, I
met you, I left school.

live in Portoviejo / be interested in /

have a car / study at the university
Remember these expressions:
already, ever, never, all my life,
so far, till now, up to now

LESSON 3 Teenagers Conflicts

Warm Up
1. Look at the boy and read his thoughts. Comment with a friend about this situation.

Dont waste your

time with that girl.
Her family will
never accept you

I work every
single day to
give you what
you need, and
I only request
good grades

You never make your

bed, and your bedroom
is always a mess!

When are you

going to do your
homework? Stop
chatting with your
friends!

You eat
whatever you
want, but you
never go
shopping

2. Work in Pairs. Answer the following questions. Share your

ideas and experiences.
1. What is normal for parents and teenagers to do or say?

5. Look at the photos. Guess the answers to the questions.

2. Do you talk to your parents? Who do you have a better

relationship with, Mom or Dad? Why?
3. Where do you like to talk to your parents when you
have important things to tell them?
4. Is it bad to be angry? Why?
5. What things do you usually agree or disagree about
with your parents?
3. Which of the things below are useful or not useful when you
are having a discussion or argument with your parents?
a. speak loudly or shout
b. give reasons for your opinions or suggestions
c. find a quiet place
d. speak quietly
e. interrupt people
f. be patient
g. think before talking
h. give people time to speak
i. leave the room
j. make positive suggestions or offer to do things
k. get angry

1. Where are the people?

2. What is the relationship between them?
3. What is the girl doing while the woman talks?
4. Are they having an argument?
5. hat are the woman and the girl arguing about?
6. What positive suggestions can you make?

Word Builder
COLLOCATIONS
A collocation is two or more words that often go together.
These combinations just sound right to native English
speakers, who use them all the time. On the other hand, other
combinations may be unnatural and just sound wrong.

Listening And Speaking

natural English...

4. Visit this link and watch the video. Take notes to answer the
questions below.
www.hrmvideo.com/catalog/solving-conflicts-with-parents-teachers--peers

unnatural English...

the fast train

fast food

the quick train

quick food

a quick shower
a quick meal

a fast shower
a fast meal

Tell me who you go with and Ill tell you who you are.
For more information and practices about it, you can visit
www.englishclub.com/vocabulary/collocations.htm

6. Complete each of the following sentences using the correct

collocation.
1. My sons teacher says he doesnt _______ attention
in classes.

a. give
b. pay
c. have

2. I _________ a bad cold and had to stay in bed.

a. What is a conflict?
b. What should you avoid when someone is
arguing with you?

a. met
b. suffered
c. caught

3. How much time do you _____ doing revision?

c. Pretending that everything is OK can help

us to solve our problems. Do you agree or
disagree with this statement? Why?

d. What things should you do to deal with a

person who is arguing?

4. Im afraid Lucas is not here. Can I _____ a message?

a. spend
b. give
c. do

a. take
b. make
c. do

SOME COMMON COLLOCATIONS:

At home
My younger sister makes too much noise.
John spends too long time watching TV.
My daughter always leaves her bed in a
mess.
I want to go out with friends this Saturday.
I cant get bad marks at school.
I forgot to do my homework.

LESSON 4 Language Review

1. For further practice, check the next link and fill the blanks
about the woman.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3Hwwj9QG-SM
Complete:
In my family there are five people, they are _____________,
Mother, ________________ , ________________ and
I. My ____________ is younger, he is 27 years old and I
____________________ 31.
My _______________ is older, shes 33 years old. Shes two
years older than me. Most of family lives in ______________
and I live in Greece, my ______________ lives in Singapore,
but all of us grew up in ___________________. In my family,
I also have one ______________, unfortunately, my other
________________ passed away.
Also, in my extensive family I have six ________________,
one ______________, six ___________________ and one
________________.
Because I live far away, I usually see my family about twice
a year for special occasions like Christmas, a birthday or a
somebodys weeding.
2. Adjectives and Prepositions. Complete the sentences
with the correct prepositions.
in on at about with from
1. Mum was angry ______ Matthew for getting another bad
mark.
2. This town is very different _____ the place where I live.
3. Are you nervous _________ your driving test?
4. He was much surprised ____ the news he heard.
5. Im quite good ____ maths.
6. Were interested ________ the flat on the top floor.
7. My husband is keen ______ science fiction movies.

GIVING OPINIONS
1. I agree with you about that.
2. I disagree with that.
3. Im sorry, I dont agree with you.
4. What do you think?
5. Personally, I think that color is better than the
other one.
6. Do you think it is OK?
7. No, I dont think so.
8. I really think it is a bit unfair.
9. You are right.
10. In my opinion, 12:30 p.m. is too late.

3.- Present perfect and past simple. Complete the dialogue

with the correct tenses.
1. I _____________ my bedroom yesterday. (paint)
2. He ____________ Louiss new apartment so far.
(not see)
3. Mum __________ already ________ the balcony.
(sweep)
4. They __________ those houses last year. (build)
5. When ______ you ___________ to this area? (move)
6. How long _________ you ____________ here? (live)
7. _________ you __________ the rent yet? (pay)
8. Marys grandma _____ never _____ a dishwasher
(have)
4. For or since? Circle the correct alternative.
1. Film stars have lived in Hollywood for / since it became the
movie capital of America.
2. Humans dont live / havent lived in caves for thousands
of years.
3. Architects have supported environmentally friendly housing
for / since the last 20 years.
4. We have had the option of solar heating since / for
the 1980s.
5. Town planners havent been keen on high-rise flats for /
since more than 20 years.
6. Properties in this area are / have been expensive since they
filmed Notting Hill here.
5. Opinions. Complete the sentences with the expressions
below. There is one extra expression.
in my opinion anyway what do you think
personally I agree with you I think
1. __________, people should not drive their cars so much.
2. __________________, I share the opinion of Mr. Smith.
3. My idea about the TV shows is that they should be more
educational for the children. ______________________ about
that?
4. _____________________________ they are doing it well; I
dont find nothing wrong with them.

UNIT

MUSIC

Objective: Listen to, talk and read about music; write to a magazine; learn more grammar about may,
have to / not have to, must / must not and can / cant

Topic Talk
Styles

Vocabulary
1. Match the style music with the correct description.
1. Blues
2. Country and Western
3. Heavy Metal
4. Hip- hop
5. Jazz
6. Pop
7. Punk
8. Reggae
9. Rock
10. Soul
11. Techno
12. Folk
13. New Age

a) music by known composers that has become part of the folk tradition of
a country or region.
b) music of general appeal to teenagers
c) a popular style of music expressing deep emotion that was created by
African-Americans
d) a style of music that evolved from southern African-American secular
songs
e) Hip hop music, also referred to as rap or rap music, is a style of popular
music which
f) music originating in New Orleans around the beginning of the 20th
century
g) a style and genre of largely string-accompanied American popular music
of the Southeast and cowboys
h) genre of rock music that developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s,
largely in the U.K. and the U.S..
i) popular music, originally from Jamaica, that combines native styles with
elements of rock and soul10. Soul
j) a type of gentle melodic, popular music originating in the U.S. in the late
1980s
k) Rock music is a genre of popular music that originated as rock and roll
in the U.S. in the 1950s.
l) is a form of electronic dance music
m) is a rock music genre that developed between 1974 and 1976 in the
U.K, the U.S., and Australia

Instruments
2. Match the words with the pictures.

violin, bagpipes,
keyboard,

guitar, cello,
drums,
trumpet, clarinet

3. Complete the sentences with a music style.

1. Im really into / Im not really into ______________
2. I just love listening to _____________
3. I cant stand __________
4. Im crazy about / Im not crazy about ___________

Grammar
7. Fill In The Blank With Must Or Mustnt
She Is Ill, So She _______ See The Doctor.
You ______ Throw Trash On The Street

Pronunciation

It Is Raining. You _____ Take Your Umbrella

4. Listen the words and underlined the main stress.

You _______ Make Noisy In The Hospital.

violin, bagpipes, cello,

keyboard, guitar, trumpet,

This Is A Secret. You ______ Tell Anybody

drums,
clarinet

Speaking

Pronunciation
7. Read the descriptions and choose the correct job.
BUS - DRIVER HAIRDRESSER

5. Work in Pairs. Talk about your interests in music using the

vocabulary.

TEACHER

Listening
6. Listen the conversation and circle the right answer.
1. What kinds of music does this radio station play?

a) Rhythm and Blues

b) Heavy Hetal

c) Latin

You have to like talking to people.

You have to stand up for a long time.
You must work inside.
You have be good with your hands.
You have to sweep the floor.

2. What is the disk jockeys first name?

a) Harold

b) Harvey

c) Harry
3. Listeners can win ___________ by saying the name of
the song.

a) music CDs

b) concert tickets

c) money
4. The mans phone number is ___________.

a) 693-3019

b) 693-1390

c) 693-1319
5. To win, listeners must know the name of the song and
________ it was recorded.

a) where

b) when

c) how many times.

You have to be supportive.

You have to speak to many people.
You mustnt be late for work.
You have to be well prepared.

You must have good eyesight.

You have to sit down.
You dont have to speak.
You have to use your hands and feet.
You have to pick up people up at the stop.

LESSON 1 My band
Warm Up
1. Look at the pictures (a-c). Does anyone look familiar? Do
you recognize them?
Do you know about how the groups began? Match the groups
with the photos.
1 ____

2 ____

Your songs are perhaps one of the most valuable assets that
youll ever own. A song can go on to live and generate money
long after your career is over, and even long after your time on
the face of this earth, too. Compose songs with reliable people
you trust, discuss song writing splits with co-writers and producers before leaving each writing session if possible, and never
enter into an agreement that you do not understand with a
music placement company or publisher.
Remember that marketing starts long before your first song is
ever written
So, dont wait until your songs are written and recorded to
think about the marketing and how youre going to get them
out there to the world. Think about marketing from the start.
Have a strong vision, pay attention to the world around you,
and strive to connect with the most important people in the
world: your fans! With persistence and luck you can succeed.
2. What do you think about the tips in the article? Do you have
a band, and if not, would you like to be part of one?

3 ____
a) AC/DC
b) Bruno Mars
c) Guns and Roses

have to / have not to, can / cant

3. Read the next sentences (1-4) and match the words in bold
with (a-d)what they mean.
a) I have to play with my own style
b) I can start marketing my songs before writing them
c) I dont have to give boring performances

2. Read the text and choose among the options about how to
start a band.
a) Record your songs like a pro
b) Sell you music in every mall
c) Perform like no one else
d) Treat your music as the treasure they are
e) Be original
f) Sell you music out before creating it.

Reading
With so many blog posts and books about how to succeed in
the music business, its easy to get confused about what and
what not to do. So lets take it back to the essentials:
Have amazing songs that convey your unique sound and style.
Nothing will be more important to the success and longevity of
your career than having well-crafted, original songs that stand
out from the rest of the pack. No matter if youre self-writing or
co-writing songs with other professionals, your career might be
short-lived or nonexistent if you sound exactly like everyone
else in the flooded marketplace.
Deliver unforgettable, standout live performances
Consider hiring a professional sound and light man, having
dancers joining you up on stage, using interesting instruments,
projecting a film on a screen, or engaging with your fans by
allowing them to text in requests real-time while youre performing. And dont forget about throwing those amazing after
parties, too. Whatever you do, just be amazing!
Strive to create quality recordings
Whether you record your music yourself or you outsource the
services of a professional producer and engineer, always aim
to produce the highest quality tracks you possibly can. Dont
accept that sharp note on that vocal scream in the last chorus,
that cheesy drum or keyboard sound that is an important part
of the track, or that slightly out-of-tune guitar thats noticeable
on the solo.
Treat your songs like the valuable pieces of property that they
are

d) I cant record my songs with bad technology

1. ____ means its necessary.
2. ____ means its not possible.
3. ____ its not necessary.
4. ____ its possible.
4. Complete the sentence with the correct form of: have to,
have not to, can, cant
When you start a band, you ________ have some good musicians. You also _________ chose different styles to perform.
You _________ give outstanding performances where everyone gets crazy . A good band __________ plays well. You
__________ make your own music, you can record all your
songs if you want to. Music sounds best when its made with
passion, but you ___________ play it with your heart.

5. Works in Pairs. Use the words in the table describe the life
of musicians.
create music
go to a conservatory
wear torn jeans
sing in reality shows
get a good manager

LESSON 2 Festivals

3. Look at the Sentence Builder. How do we say these sentences in Spanish in Ecuador?

Warm Up

Sentence Builder, Verbs + Adjectives

1. In Pairs. Talk about our Ecuador culture by answering the

questions.

What music festivals are there in Ecuador? Have you ever

been to one? Would you like to go to one? What bands would
you like to see live?

Reading
2. Read the article. Which of the festivals
a. is in the capital city?
b. is not near river?
c. has a big dance tent?
d. has fewer foreigners?
e. is usually very hot?
f. is quite similar to a British festival?

QuitoFest
QuitoFest is an international festival of independent
musicians and bands in Quito, Ecuador. It is a free event
consisting of several days of outdoor concerts where
various musical genres are interpreted: Rock, Hip Hop,
Ska, Heavy Metal, Hardcore, Punk, and Reggae. It is also
a festival that is free of alcohol and drugs.
QuitoFest began in 2003, since our Ecuadorian Capital
did not have its own festival, so the Municipality, jointly
with the Ministry of Education and Culture, launched the
first QuitoFest in Carolina Park in the northern part of
the City. It was created with the idea of providing a wider
repertoire of musical entertainment during the Quito
Festival. Since 2005, the QuitoFest had been held in
Itchimbia, now a park, but since 2013, it has been held in
the new Bicentennial Park located in Quitos Old Airport
grounds.
Quitos youth have responded massively to QuitoFest,
and every year it gains more popularity on a national
and international level. It offers its attendants bands from
Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Brazil, Venezuela, Mexico,
United States, Panama, France, Ecuador, and other
countries.

1. The variety of music there is great.

2. It looks fantastic.
3. It never feels commercial.

Language Choice
4. Work in Pairs. Ask and answer the questions.
1. What new CDs do you think sound good?
2. What kind of music at parties sounds good to you?
3. When you listen music at home, how do you feel?
4. What singers look great to you?

Vocabulary
5. Look at the Word Builder. When do you do these things?
Ex. I turn the volume down when I hear Punk Rock.
Word Builder, Multi-Part Verbs in bold:
1. I turn the volume down when I hear a song I dont like.
2. When I listen to Ballads, I turn the volume up.
3. I turn on the radio when Im studying.
4. I turn off my cell phone music when Im at school.

Grammar
Fill in the blank with must or mustnt.
1. She is ill, so she ________ see the doctor.
2. You ____________ throw trash on the street.
3. It is raining. You _________ take your umbrella
4. This is a secret. You _____________ tell anybody.
5. You ______________ make noisy in the hospital.

Reading
Read the descriptions and choose the correct job.
You have to like talking to people.
You have to stand up for a long
time.
You must work inside.
You have to be good with your
hands.
You have to sweep the floor.
A:
__________________________

bus driver
hairdresser
teacher

You must have good eyesight.

You have to sit down.
You dont have to speak.
You have to use your hands and feet.
You have to pick up people up at the
stop.
A: __________________________
You have to be supportive.
You have to speak to many people.
You mustnt be late for work.
You have to be well-prepared.
A: __________________________

LESSON 3 Speaking Workshop 3

Vocabulary (for Phone Conversation in Exercise 2)
1. Read the vocabulary and definitions.

book

Ill ring them up (call) and book two

tickets for tomorrow.

box office

Ring (call) the box office and buy a

ticket.

express

The express boat takes fifteen minutes.

stop

There is a subway (tube) stop opposite

the arena.

ticket

I havent got a ticket for the concert.

transport

Please tell me about the transport.

underground

It is fastest to travel on the underground.

3. Look at the photo and the ad from the Apollo Coliseum in

Bogot. Next, listen to the audio and complete the gaps
(Ad)
Apollo Solidarity Concert: 1 11 June at
2
_________ p.m..
Tickets: from 3 $ _________ to $ 50.
Tickets available from:
Website: www. apolloshows.com.co.
http://www.gobiernobogota.gov.co/prensa/93-noticias/970-medidas-de-seguridad-para-concierto-de-one-direction
Box Office: Tel. 4________________ (twenty-four
hours a day & 5 _________________ days a week)
Transport: bus, call taxis (companies in the area)
and express taxis 6 $_______ return from Bogot.
Restaurant and cafes: 7 _______________ food,
the Bandeja Paisa, arepas, Buuelos, plantain
chips and empanadas. Drinks: sodas and some
8
__________ juices.

Listening
2. Follow the dialogue in this phone conversation
(Phone rings)
A: Good morning. The Apollo Coliseum. Can I help you?
B: Ohyes. Id like information about the Solidarity
concert, please. Its in June, right?
A: The Solidarity concert? Yes. Thats right. Its on
Saturday the eleventh of June at seven p.m.
B: I see. And how much are the tickets?
A: Tickets for the Solidarity concert: standing area:
twenty dollars; lower bleachers: thirty dollars; higher
bleachers: fifty dollars.
B: Thanks. And how can I buy the tickets?
A: Well. You can book on our website:
www. apolloshows.com.co or you can get tickets by
phone, too from our box office. The phone number is
57-3332378966. You can phone twenty-four hours a
day, seven days a week.
B: Yes. And how can I get to the coliseum?
A: Well, there are buses twenty-four hours a day. Or you
can call up taxi. There are a few companies in the
area. There are express cab services that cost more.
B: How much are the express cabs?
A: Tickets from Bogot are twenty dollars return.
B: Of. Thanks. One more question. What about food and
drinks at the Apollo coliseum?
A: Well. There are a lot of cafes and restaurants at the
coliseum. For example you can get Colombian food:
the Bandeja Paisa, arepas, Buuelos, plantain chips
and empanadas. Drinks: sodas and some tropical
juices.
B: Ok. Thanks a lot.
A: Not at all.

Pronunciation
4. Unstressed Function Words
1. Underline the unstressed words:
1. Its on Saturday the eleventh of June at 7 p.m...
2. And how can I buy the tickets?
3. And how can I get to the coliseum?
4. Well, there are buses twenty-four hours a day.
5. There are a lot of cafes and restaurant at the
coliseum.
5. Listen again and repeat the sentences above.
6. Listen to a conversation about a concert. Which short
answers (a/b) do you hear?
A: Hey look. Theres a Metallica concert next month at
the Apollo Coliseum. Im really into Metallica.
B: Mmm, Im not. Im not a Heavy Metal person.
A: I am. I love Heavy Metal. Hey, there is a Manas
concert, too. I really like Mana.
B: Me, too. But I dont like their latest record.
A: I do. I think its great. But I dont like their last track.
B: Me neither.

Talk Builder, Agreeing and Disagreeing

Agreeing

Disagreeing

1 Im into Metallica.

a. Me, too.

b. Im not.

2 I really like Mana.

a. Me, too.

b. I dont.

3 Im not a heavy metal

person.

a. Me, neither.

b. I am.

4 I dont like Manas latest

CD.

a. Me, neither.

b. I do.

7. Write replies to these statements with your opinions. Use

expressions from Talk Builder. In 7 and 8, add your own ones.
1. A: Im not into jazz.
B:

5. A: I really hate folk music.

B:

2. A:. I really like heavy

metal.
B:

6. A: I dont think Ricky

Martin is very good.
B:

3. A. I like loud music.

B.

7. A:

4. A: Im really into rap.

B:

8. A:

B:

B:

8. Work in Pairs. Say things about music, and agree or

disagree with them.
Ex.
A: I hate Heavy Metal.
B: Not me. I like it.

Opinions
A: In my opinion, reading a book is better than watching
television.
B: I agree with that, a book can develop your imagination.
A: Ive got a bicycle in my home: I think its a safe way of
transportation.
B: Yes, I agree with you. Besides, I really think more people
should ride bikes.
A: I dont think watching a soccer game on television does
any good.
B: Me, neither, I think people should practice sports instead
of watching them.
A: I sincerely believe that English is easier than Spanish.
B: I disagree with you. Spanish has more grammatical rules
and therefore is more difficult.

Skills Builder 2.
12. Practice saying the expressions. Read the Norms for
Discussion.

Speaking, Class Discussion

Norms for Discussion

Choose a secretary to make notes of the group

decisions.

Always try to speak in English.

Dont interrupt other people. Wait till they finish

speaking.

Respect other peoples ideas and ask them what

they think and feel.

13. Work in groups. One person says something and the

others agree or disagree. Give reasons.
Ex.

9. Have a discussion about music.

A: Im really into loud music. It can make you move

and lose weight.
B: I totally disagree with you. Loud music stresses

Speaking
Skills Builder 1.
10. Write notes about these things:

me out a lot!

14. Tell if you agree or disagree. Tell your opinion to the class.
Ex.

a. your favorite types of music/why you like them

I agree because soft music can inspire you.

b. your favorite singer/why you like him/her

I dont think loud music can do you any good!

UNIT

MY HEALTH

Objective: Talk and read about health issues, and listen to passages about them; write an article
about a specific topic; grammar predicting with may, and going to.

Topic Talk

1. Look at the photos of Marie and Joseph made from the

age-progression software. In which photos do they look older:
B or C ?
Why do you think they look older?

2. Click on the link to watch this video:Tips to Starting a Healthy Lifestyle! (1-7). Classify them as:
very healthy, quite healthy, or very unhealthy.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0aNNYEUARAk

have a headache, a cold,

a cough, a sore throat, a fever

have the flu, stomachaches,

earaches, toothaches, diarrhoea,
hayfever
very healthy

quite healthy

very unhealthy
feel sick, tired, depressed, dizzy,
faint, weak, depressed, faint, sick/
ill, tired, weak

3. Complete the next chart with personal information. Use the

information of the network.

Health
Ive been to the hospital 1 twice /
three times.
Ive had / never had / an illness
or an accident.
I occasionally 3 ______________.
I sometimes 4 ______________ .
I really need to 5 _______________.
I need to 6 ______________
2

sleep more / do more exercise /

watch less TV/ spend less time
on the Internet/ spend less time
texting on my mobile phone / eat
more fruit /vegetables, eat less
junk food / stop smoking, get
outdoors more

4. In groups, use this network to talk about your health.

1. Match the phrases with the pictures.

c. More cake? Of course!

a. Oh my god!!! Ive gained a kilo on

vacations.
b. Ive run kilometers!!! Give me a beer !!!

d. These cupcakes look delicious, but Im on a

diet!!!

2. Read the text and order the statements.

Womens Health /Mens Health

Men are assailed by the diseases that can affect
anyoneheart disease, stroke, diabetes, cancer,
depression. But they also have unique issues such
as prostate cancer and benign prostate
enlargement.
We tend to think of breast cancer and osteoporosis
as womens health diseases, but they also
occurinmen. Heart disease in a serious concern to
both men and women, but risk factors and
approaches to prevention are different. Women
may also have specific concerns about aging,
caregiving, emotional health issues, and skin care
So dont be an average man get on board with
protecting your health today

The average man pays less attention to his health

than the average woman. Compared to women, men
are more likely to
Drinkalcoholandusetobacco
Makeriskychoices
Notseeadoctorforregularcheckups

Women have many unique health concerns

menstrual cycles, pregnancy, birthcontrol,
menopause and thats just the beginning. A
number of healt hissues affect only women and
others are more common in women. Whats more,
men and women may have the same condition, but
different symptoms. Many diseases affect women
differently and may even require distinct treatment.

Many of the major health risk sthat men face can

be prevented with a healthy lifestyle: regular
exercise, a healthy diet, not smoking, stress
reduction, and alcohol consumption in the
moderate range (no more than two drinks a day) if
a tall. Regular checkups and screening tests can
spot disease early, when it is easiest to treat.

3. Read the text again and write W if it is about Women and M

if it is about Men

4. Read the words, and match them with their definition.

a. assailed ___

1. a procedure for critical evaluation; a means of determining the presence,

quality, or truth of something; a trial: a test of ones eyesight; subjecting a
hypothesis to a test; a test of an athletes endurance.

b. screening tests__

2. to become troubled or beset by something, E.g. questions or doubts.

c. treatment ___

3. a medical examination, especially one taken at regular intervals to verify a

normal state of health or discover a disease in its early stages

d. risky choices__

4. the use of an agent, procedure, or regimen, such as a drug, surgery, or

exercise, in an attempt to cure or mitigate a disease, condition, or injury.

e. checkups ___

5. alternatives faced which involve risk or danger

LESSON 1 Will may, and be going to

1. Read the following sentences, use will, may or be going to
for predictions.
We dont have a lot of money, so we ______________ go on
holiday next year.
_________________ you be able to find a good job when
you leave school?
He ______ help you with your homework if you ask him.
It _________________ snow later. Im not sure.
Who do you think __________ win the next world cup?
If you dont revise, you ____________ pass the exam.
_________________ Metallica play at the concert?
If I buy a camera, I ____________ be able to take some
photos when I go on holiday.

Grammar Alive: Predicting

2. Read the following paragraph, then match it with the best
prediction.

We use will, may

and be going to
for predictions.

Will is used to make

general predictions
about facts that are
always true or events
that always happ

3. What do you think will happen next?

a. He will get a hug from his mother.
b. He will run outside and play ball.
c. His stomach will hurt.
d. His feet will hurt.
Paul and Melina always have a date on Friday. Paul
picks up Melina at 7:00 p.m., and they go to at 7:30 p.m.
movie. This Friday, Paul has to work overtime and is
running late. When he gets out of the shower, it is already
7:00 p.m..
4. What will probably happen next?
a. Paul calls Melina and tells her he will be a little late.
b. Paul decides to call off the date and stays home.
c. Melina is angry that Paul is late and cancels the date.
d. Paul reads his e-mail and then leaves to pick up Melina.

LESSON 2 Health in the Future

Writing, Health in the Future
TIP:
When we write an article about a specific topic expressing our
opinion about it, we can divide it into three paragraphs.
- In the first paragraph, we write our opinion.
- In the second paragraph, we write our predictions.
We can talk about health, education, transport, housing,
the environment, and lifestyles. We can also mention
reasons and effects to justify our views.
- In the third paragraph, we repeat our opinion, using
different words. We start this paragraph with the phrase In
conclusion.
We use the future simple to make our predictions. We can list
our predictions with: also, what is more, finally. We express
our opinion with: I think, I believe, In my opinion, etc.
1. Match the sentences in the left to those in the right. Then
form sentences using so or because.

Eg. People will learn at home without a teacher because

they will not go to school.
..............
..............
..............
..............
..............
..............
..............
..............
..............
..............
..................

Education
1. People will learn at
home without a teacher.

a. They will become

unfriendly.

2. Students wont
have any friends.

b. They will not go to

school.

2. Use the beginning and ending given and the paragraph plan
to complete the article about health.

Paragraph 1:

Plan

- There will be a lot of changes in the way people take care of

their health in the next years. I believe that these changes will
affect the development of our lives.
The Environment

1. The air will be

very polluted.

a. There will be a lot of

factories and cars.

2. There will not be

enough water.

b. People will suffer

because of it.

Transportation

1. The public transport will

use unipersonal electric
cars.

a. There will be a lot of

traffic accidents.

2. People wont be
prepared enough to
drive fast cars.

b. There wont be
enough space to park.

Paragraph 2:
- Write predictions with reasons and effects on health in the
future.
Paragraph 3:
- In conclusion, I believe that life will be very difficult in the
future. However, people carefully will protect their health and
these predictions will never come true.

LESSON 3 Comparing Cultures: Healthy Food

Healthy Food Staples from Around the World

Reading
1. a. Read the text without stopping. Pay attention to content
words.
b. Complete the chart with information from the Reading.
Name of food

Chili peppers

Country of
origin:
What is it?
How is it
served?
Lets face it, American foods are loaded with fillers, binders,
trans fats, preservatives, flavor enhancers, excessive amounts
of sodium and sugar, and numerous additives. We tend to eat
on the run, eat too much and fry everything from Twinkies to
turkeys.
Luckily, we can learn a lot from the culinary styles of other
countries. Plus, the worlds healthiest foods are familiar, readily
available, affordable and delicious.
If you are looking to update your own diet, incorporate these
four dishes from around the world into your weekly diet.
1. Mexico: Mexican food is spicy, bold and full of variety. Chili
peppers, the backbone of Mexican cooking, contain capsaicina spicy compound that has been found to fight cancer,
prevent sinusitis, protect the heart, relieve congestion and
reduce inflammation. Fresh chili peppers, red or green, are a
rich source of vitamins, antioxidants and minerals including
vitamin C, vitamin A, iron, potassium and copper. Plus, the chili
pepper helps burn fat!

c. Answer these questions.

1. Why are chili peppers healthy?
2. Why does the Indian diet contain ghee?
3. Why was the pineapple called anana?
4. Why are red and purple grapes especially recognized?
2. Lets Compare Cultures!
Group Work:
In small groups talk about some famous or healthy dishes in
your country. Use the points below as a guide.
1.
2.
3.
4.

Can you translate the name into English?

What is it?
How do you prepare it?
Does it have medicinal qualities?

2. India: The Indian diet contains ghee, a clarified butter

renowned for its medicinal and rejuvenative qualities. Ghee
is a great alternative to cooking oil; it works in all kinds of recipes, adds an incomparable richness to any dish and resists
smoking at higher temperatures. In India, ghee is understood
to provide nourishment and to increase the bodys capacity
to nourish. It keeps the digestive tract lubricated and reduces
bloating while aiding in the elimination of toxins from the body.
3. The Caribbean: When the pineapple was first discovered
in the Caribbean, it was called anana or excellent fruit
because of its juiciness and vibrant tropical flavor. Since then,
we have learned that pineapples have anti- inflammatory and
digestive benefits.
Pineapples also offer antioxidants, immune support and protection against macular degeneration. Serve your pineapples
slices
plain, or throw a few slices on the grill with a sprinkling of
brown sugar for a unique summer dessert.
4. France: The French are well aware of the benefits of grapes, and those benefits are not just limited to the wine industry.
Red and purple grapes are especially recognized for reducing
the instance of cholesterol that causes heart disease, fighting
off some of the signs of aging and, according to research,
reducing the possibilities of cancers. In France as well as
Greece, grapes may be served as a dessert.

5. Its Your Turn!

Write a paragraph about a healthy Ecuadorian dish.

UNIT

THE WONDER OF NATURE

Objective: Read and talk about Nature, and listen to passages about it; write an e-mail formally; suggestions things, grammar: all, most, many, some, and no/none, conditionals, time clauses.

Topic Talk
1. Look at the photos (A.C). What other endangered animals
do you know about in Ecuador and in the world? Mention
them.

A. Amazonian manatee

B. Javan rhino

2. Work in Pairs. Listen to the interview. Fill in the facts in the

spaces below:
The Planet, Nature in One Large City
There are lots of _____________ .
Our local park is ___________ larger than Central Park in
New York City.
About _____ per cent of the city is water or green spaces.
There are _____ million private _____________ .
There are over ____________ bird species.
There are more _______ than people: _______________
.
There are ______ days with dangerous ______ pollution.

Ecological Aspects of Ecuador:

We have a lot of tropical forests and
_________________.
You can see interesting varieties of: ____,
_____________, and _______________.
My favorite animals are ______________
________________________________ .
My least favorite animals are ________.
Ecuadors climate is definitely / probably
changing. The biggest environmental issues are
_____________________ and ______________
_______.

C. Mountain gorilla

Places to Visit:
parks, green spaces, gardens, rivers, lakes, nature
reserves, tropical forests, beaches, etc.

Wildlife to See:
fish, birds, reptiles, mammals, insects, fauna
Animals
Galpagos sea turtles, sea lions, sharks, jellyfish,
parakeets, Blue-Footed Boobies, frigate birds,
guacamayas, bats, monkeys, alligators, rogue birds
(pcaros), mosquitoes, bees, , Anacondas, deer,
foxes, hippos, rats, scorpions, spiders , toads, tapirs,
ants, etc.

Environmental Issues:
habitat loss, air/water pollution, hunting, noise,
climate change, traffic, over-fishing, littering,
etc.

3. Work in groups. Use the word lists to talk about the

environment in Ecuador.

LESSON 1 Grammar Spot

An Endangered Environment
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.

Many wildlife habitats will be destroyed

If we dump all sorts of chemicals into rivers,
If we dont stop cutting down so many trees,
Soon the Earths resources will be exhausted
If everybody continues to use aerosols and CFCs,
If the sun radiation cant escape into space,
If the global temperature rises,
Well threaten our own existence
People will run out of drinking water one day
If he wants to help the planet,

(i )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
(a)
( )

if they dont use it more rationally.

we wont be able to swim in them in the future.
the hole in the ozone layer will get bigger.
see levels will rise too much.
then he will have to change his habits.
Earths temperature will increase steadily.
we will endanger our oxygen supply.
if we dont cut down on waste rapidly.
if man keeps polluting the environment.
if the human population continues to grow.

1. Do you know our planet is in danger? What are you doing to

save our planet? What will happen if we do not

2. take care of our natural resources? Discuss with the class.

3. Read the ideas in An Endangered Environment.
4. Match both parts of the sentences to complete the ideas.
Work with your partner.
Do you agree with the ideas in the article? Why, or why not?

Future Conditional
5. Looking at the example in the Reading, complete the
rule about the use of future conditional by choosing the
right word in bold.
First, the conditional form is used to talk about
things which might happen in the present /
future / past. Of course, we can / cant
know what will happen in the future, but this
describes definite / possible things, which

6. The conditional always has two clauses: one is the cause

and the other is the effect (the consequence/result). Look at
the two clauses in the examples and then complete the
grammar structure
If we recycle more,
Cause

We will save thousands of trees

we will help our planet.

Effect/Result
if we dont waste so much paper.

Effect/Result Cause
Future Conditional Grammar Rule:
In the ______________________ tense, the effect clause is the _____________ of the __________.

Practice
1. Complete the following sentences using the correct form of
verbs for future conditional.

4. Write a consequence chain. The starting and final sentence are given to you. Work on a separate piece of paper. Be
creative and use a picture to illustrate your ideas. Use at least
5 ideas.
a. If drivers _____________ (share) their cars to go to work,
there will not be (not/be) so much terrible car exhaust.
b. If the Government ____________ (fines) those who pollute
the atmosphere, some factories _____________ (stop)
polluting with so much waste.
c. We ______________________ (contribute) to our planets
recovery if we only ___________ (use) the water we need.
d. If the sea _____________ (gets) warmer, the ice at the
North and South Poles __________________ (melt).
e. There _________________ (be) flooding around the world if
sea levels ________ (rise)
2. Complete the sentences using the right verb from the list.

protect
find
do

help

not be
do not

destroy

kill
break
not find

destroy

see

3. Write an appropriate ending for the following sentences:

a. If we keep polluting our planet, ______________________
_________________________________________________
b. If we use recycled paper and glass, __________________
_________________________________________________
c. Children will be aware of the importance of recycling, ____
_________________________________________________
d. If you have a shower instead of a bath, _______________
_________________________________________________
e. If the environmental issues are taught at school, ________
_________________________________________________

1. If I want to help the planet, __________________________

_________________________________________________
2. ___________________________________ , I will save the
planet.

LESSON 2 Some North American Mammals

Warm Up
1. Which one of these two animals do you think is the most
dangerous in North America? Which ones are the most common?

Bison
The bison, which is often called the buffalo, has a big head
and curved horns. Bison live in herds, or groups of animals, in the western United States and Canada. An adult
bison can weigh up to 2000 pounds and a large bison can
eat as much as 60 pounds of grass a day!
Moose
A moose is a member of the deer family. In the spring the
male moose grows a set of antlers on its head which he
loses in the following winter. Moose can grow to be 7 feet
tall and 1500 pounds. Moose are herbivores, which mean
that they eat plants.

Vocabulary
4. In the Reading, look at the words in blue and match them
with the meaning in the box.

2. Read the article and check your guesses from Exercise 1.

3. Read the article again and answer the questions.

1. What does hibernate mean?
2. Why do bears hibernate?
3. Which animal looks like its wearing a mask?
4. What do moose eat?
5. What does herd mean?
6. Which animal builds dams?

Reading, Animals of North America

Bear
There are eight different kinds of bears in the world. Black
bears and brown bears live in many areas of North
America and polar bears live in parts of Canada and
Alaska. Many kinds of bears hibernate, or sleep in the
winter. This helps them save energy. In the winter the baby
bears, or cubs, are born.
Raccoon
The raccoon is a small mammal that looks like its wearing
a mask. It has a striped tail. Raccoons are omnivorous,
which means that they can eat many different things. They
have very dexterous paws which they can use to open
containers to get at the food inside.
Beaver
The beaver is a large rodent with a flat tail that it uses for
swimming and for balancing. The beaver is famous for its
ability to build dams in rivers and streams.

a) the young of certain animals, as the bear, lion, or

tiger. ___________
b) a barrier to obstruct the flow of water, especially one
of earth, masonry, etc., built across a stream or river.
_________
c) a relatively long, narrow band of a different color,
appearance, weave, material, or nature from the rest
of a surface or thing. ___________
d) a number of animals kept, feeding, or traveling toge
ther; drove; flock ____________________
e) skillful or adroit in the use of the hands or body.
____________________

5. Work In Pairs. Ask and answer questions about animals in

South America.

Vocabulary
6. Use the strategies in the Skill Builder and guess the meanings of the words and expressions (1-8)
1. Creepy Crawlies
a) deadly animals

b) poisonous animals

c) insects/spiders/snakes
2. cute

a) friendly

b) pretty

c) lazy
3. hind legs

a) large legs

b) front legs

c) back legs
4. venom

a) bite

b) teeth

c) poison

5. laid-back

a) dangerous

b) relaxed

c) beautiful
6. bedding

a) under a bed

b) sheets and blankets

c) room to sleep in
7. tiny

a) very big
b) very small
c) very dangerous

8. long-sleeved

a) covering the head

b) covering arms

c) covering legs
7. Look at the Sentence Builder. What does It refer to in 1?
Does it refer to anything in 2 or 3?

SENTENCE BUILDER
1. At number seven is the hippo. It looks laid-back.
2. It is four oclock and it is snowing outside.
3. It is fun to play football.

8. Write sentences with it using the cues.

1. raining / very windy
It is raining and it is very windy.
2. funny / play the guitar
3. 8th April / 2016
4. easy / learn French
5. sunny / at 6 oclock
9. Choose one of the options (a-c) below. Write notes about it.
a) domestic animals in Ecuador
b) dangerous animals in Ecuador
c) endangered animals in Ecuador

LESSON 3
Writing

But bees are not useful only for people. Many birds and small
mammals eat plants that need bee pollination. If these animals
die of hunger, their predators, the next animal in the food chain
will die, too.
Although there are other pollinating insects - like butterflies
and wasps - none of these species is a true pollinating
machine like bees.
Unfortunately, most bees are in danger at the moment.
Modern farming has changed their habitat and many flowers
have disappeared, so bees do not have enough pollen to eat.
Some bees are also killed by diseases.
Act 3. Read the sentences (1-5) from the text. Match them
with the diagrams (a-e)

Act 1. Look at the photos. What do you know about bees?

Act 2. Read the text. What have you learned about bees?
What other animals are useful to our planet? Why?

Reading, Bees
Bees are one of the most important species on our planet. It is
certainly true that all species are important but none of them
can even compare to bees. Who wants a world without honey,
flowers and chocolate? Bees first appear on earth about 150
million years ago and now there are 20,000 bee species
around the world. They pollinate about 250,000 species
around the world. They pollinate about 250,000 species of
plants. Many of these plants, like apples and cotton, are very
important to world agriculture. In addition, some important
medicine comes from plants.

1.- All species are important.

(d)
2.- Most bees are in danger.
(__)
3.- Many Birds eat berries and seeds.
(__)
4.- Some medicines come from plans.
(__)
5.- None of the Species is a true Pollinating machine.
No bees, no pollination, no plants, no animas

Act 5. Complete the sentences with the correct animals.

Rules:

elephants / birds / sharks/ bears /kangaroos

We use all, most, some, no and none of the with plural

countable and uncountable nouns.

Ex.

We use many with plural nouns only.

1. Some elephants live in India.

Act. 4 Read the rules above. Circle each of the nouns below
that do not go with <<many>>.
animals / honey / bees / water / apples /
chocolate / people / danger / insects

LESSON 4 Writing Workshop

1. Read the brochure about a nature school. What three
questions would you ask to get more information about the
courses?

2. Most ___________ are dangerous for swimmers.

3. Many________ migrate to warmer places in winter.
4. No __________________ live in tropical climates.
5. All ____________________ can jump.
Act 6. Look at the results of a class survey. Make sentences
with all, most, many, some, or none of the.

Act 3. Match following expressions with those in bold in the

formal email that have similar meanings.
I look forward to hearing from you.
I am writing for infomation about your couse
Dear Sir / Madam

Green Tree Nature School

1. All the best, Yours truly,

Wild Foods: collect, and cook plants and wild mushrooms,

catch fish and animals.
Survival: Make shelters and fires, collect water, cook wild
food.
Wood Crafts: Cut down trees and make things from wood.
Wildlife Watching: Identify different species of plants,
trees, animals and birds.

3. Hi there! ______________

Three-Day Course (June to September) for $500 (Food

included). Bring a tent.
Act 2. Read the letter. Which of your questions from Exercise
1 does Henry ask?

2. Write soon. _________________________________

4. I want to know about the course. _____________ ___
___________________________________________
Act 4. Match the words in in bold with the meanings.
Aditionally, / the rest of / more difficult than / I have some
# ______ ________ ______________ _________
1. There are some other considerations.
2. Also, how many students are there?
3. How many students other than me are there per
group?
4. Is it more complicated than the other courses?

Dear Sirs,
I am writing to ask for more information regarding your
Wild Foods course.
First, is it more complicated than the other courses?
Should one have any previous experience? I do not know a lot
about the countryside since I am from the City of Guayaquil.
Secondly, do I need to bring any special clothing? Also, how
many students are there per group?
There are some other considerations. Are snacks included
in the cost of the course? What kind of foods will we be
searching for? I am allergic to Poison Ivy and bee stings. Is
cooking equipment included in the course?
When I arrive in Baha de Carquez from Guayaquil, who will
be there to meet me?

Act 5. Work in Pairs. Write a letter asking for information

about the course at the Green Tree Nature School. Give your
letter to your partner. Then, he or she asks you the question
you wrote in your letter.
___________________
___________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________

I am looking forward to hearing from you!

Yours truly,
Henry Norton.

_____________
__________________________

LESSON 5 Writing Workshop

1. Listen to the dialogue. With Skill Builder strategies identify
the style as formal or informal. What is the relationship
between the two people?

5. Match the suggestions (1-6) in the Talk Builder with the

short questions (a-f) Then check your answers by listening to
the dialogue again.
Ex. #2. Why dont we carry on walking?

6. Work in Pairs. Make suggestions and reply with questions.

1. do something this weekend (why)
Ex.
A: Why dont we do something this weekend?
B: What do you want to do?
2. go for a walk (where?)
3. go tomorrow morning (what time?)
4. meet up somewhere (where?)
5. go for a coffee before the walk (why?)
6. meet some friends afterwards (who?)
2. Listen again. Then answer the questions.
1. Why cant she a call for help on her mobile phone?
2. What do they decide to make?
3. What food will they probably eat?

7. In Pairs: Plan to do something with your partner this

weekend.

4. Do they need to start a fire with two sticks?

5. What wild plants can they see that they can eat?
6. Why does the man say hes an expert?
3. Pronunciation. Repeat these words without pronouncing
the silent letters in blue.
answer

asthma

dangerous

battery

different

favorite

fire

sure

comfortable

environment

interesting
tired

every

poisonous

Wednesday

4. Listen and complete the suggestions (1-6) in the Talk

Builder with the words below.
can

should Lets

why

is

Talk Builder: Suggestions and short questions

Suggestions
1. I think we should
phone someone
2. We ______ carry on walking
and stop later.
3. ___________ make a shelter.
4. What _______ that over there?
5. We __________ collect wild
food, too.
6. ________ dont we start a fire?

Short Questions
a) What?
b) How?
c) Who?
d) Where?
e) Why?
f) When?

1. Write some notes about these things.

who to meet

where to go

what to do

when/how to get there

when to return home
2. Practice saying suggestions.

Lets go to the beach this weekend

3. In Pairs. Make suggestions and reject them.

A: What about going to eat out?
B: Where? I dont like food in town. Lets go to the
movies.
A: What movie? We can see the new one with Brad
Pitt.
B: Okay. Lets meet at

7. Share with the class what you decided to do.