CLASSICAL

Some well known examples of classical architecture include the Parthenon in Athens and the
Coliseum in Rome. One of its more distinctive themes is the simple, yet beautiful style with clean
lines and subtle accents in the form of metal decorations or carvings. It was also often built on a
grand scale, with imposing columns and large arches to demonstrate the skills of the builders.

the buildings were all built to have exact symmetry from doors to
the windows to the decorations inside & outside the building.
use of floral decorations
They often used flowers on the outside of the building as well as
human sculptures and animals.

The Doric column was first developed in Greece and it was used for great temples, including the
famous Parthenon in Athens. Simple Ionic columns were used for smaller temples and building
interiors.

main orders are Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian

A pediment is an element in classical, neoclassical and baroque architecture, and derivatives
therefrom, consisting of a gable, originally of a triangular shape, placed above the horizontal
structure of the entablature (moldings), typically supported by columns.

NEOCLASSICAL

Sculptural bas-reliefs were flattered and tended to be enframed in friezes,

tablets or panels.
it tended to emphasize its planar qualities, rather than sculptural
volumes.

Neoclassical buildings have many (although not necessarily all) of these features:

Symmetrical shape

Tall columns that rise the full height of the building

Triangular pediment
Domed roof

ROMANESQUE

Romanesque architecture is characterized by round arches

and vaults and by the substitution of piers for columns.

Typical characteristics of Romanesque

architecture:
Semi-circular
Arches
Vaulting

Thick Walls
Sculptural
Decorations

 Piers

pier: An upright support, generally square, rectangular, or composite

Columns
Plans
Arcades succession of arches
Roofs
Towers

Tower

an important feature of Romanesque churches

variety of forms: square, circular and octagonal

Church and
cathedral facades
and external
decoration
Openings

GOTHIC

1. Grand, Tall Designs, Which Swept

Upwards With Height and Grandeur
2. The Flying Buttress

3. The Pointed Arch

4. The Vaulted Ceiling

5. The Light and Airy Interior

6. The Gargoyles

7. The Emphasis Upon the Decorative Style and the Ornate

BAROQUE
I. Complicated shapes

II. Dramatic curves

3. Grand Staircase
4. High domes

5. Twisted Columns

ROCOCO
I. Elaborate Curves and Scrolls

II.

Delicate Ornamented Shapes usually in forms of shells and plants

III.

Asymmetrical

IV.

Pastel Colors

V.

Chandelier

VICTORIAN

& mirrors

Key Elements

Two to three stories. Victorian homes are usually large and imposing.

Wood or stone exterior. The majority of Victorian styles use wood siding, but the
Second Empire and Romanesque styles almost always have outer walls made of stone.

Complicated, asymmetrical shape. Unlike the boxy Greek revival style, Victorian
homes have wings and bays in many directions.

Decorative trim. Commonly called "gingerbread," Victorian homes are usually

decorated with elaborate wood or metal trim.

Textured wall surfaces. Scalloped shingles, patterned masonry or half-timbering are

commonly used to dress up Victorian siding.

Steep, multi-faceted roof or Mansard roof. Victorian homes often have steep,
imposing rooflines with many gables facing in different directions. The Second Empire
Victorian style has a flat-topped Mansard roof with windows in the side to allow for
maximum space inside the house.

One-story porch. A large, wraparound porch with ornamental spindles and brackets is
common, especially in the Queen Anne style.

Towers. Some high-end Victorian homes are embellished with a round or octagonal
tower with a steep, pointed roof.

Vibrant colors. Before the Victorian era, most houses were painted all one color, usually
white or beige. By 1887, bright earth tones like burnt sienna and mustard yellow were in
vogue.

MODERN ARCHITECTUREless is more

1. INSPIRED BY FUNCTION
2. SIMPLICITY IN FORM AND DESIGN
3. NOTHING TO HIDE
4. LOVE OF ALL THINGS LINAR
5. BOLD ROOF LINES
6. WINDOWS AS DESIGN

7. CREATIVE OPEN FLOOR PLANS

8. POST AND BEAM ARCHITECTURE
9. REVAMPED OUTDOOR SPACE
10. FOCUS ON MATERIALS
POST MODERN less is a bore
Sense of "anything goes"
Juxtaposition of styles
Thin faades
High-tech