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CAPITULO 8
Ruta
de pentosa fosfatada
Glucognesis
Gluconeognesis
Fotosntesis
Metabolismo
Catabolismo
Degradacin
Anabolismo
Sntesis
Gliclisis
Es un proceso anaerbico.
Consiste en la oxidacin de una molcula de
glucosa para producir dos molculas de piruvato
y atrapar una cantidad limitada de energa en
forma de ATP.
La ruta consta de diez reacciones.
Fase preparatoria
Consume energa.
Una molcula de glucosa se convierte en
dos molculas de gliceraldehdo-3fosfatado.
Fase productiva
Produce energa.
Gliceraldehdo-3-fosfatado se convierte en
piruvato.
From McKee and McKee, Biochemistry, 5th Edition, 2011 Oxford University Press
From McKee and McKee, Biochemistry, 5th Edition, 2011 Oxford University Press
Sntesis de glucosa-6-fosfatada
Fosforilacin de fructosa-6-fosfatada
10
Oxidacin de gliceraldehdo-3-fosfatado
Reaccin #6: Oxidacin para dar 1,3bifosfoglicerato
11
12
13
Deshidratacin de 2-fosfoglicerato
14
Sntesis de piruvato
15
DESTINO DE PIRUVATO
Condiciones anaerbicas:
Condiciones aerbicas:
From McKee and McKee, Biochemistry, 5th Edition, 2011 Oxford University Press
16
17
Reciclaje de NAD+
Regulacin de glicolisis
Regulacin alostrica
18
Regulacin de glicolisis
Regulacin hormonal
Glucagn: activa la accin de la quinasa y
disminuye los niveles de fructosa-2,6bifosfatada.
Insulina: activa la accin de la fosfatasa y
aumenta los niveles de fructosa-2,6bifosfatada.
19
From McKee and McKee, Biochemistry, 5th Edition, 2011 Oxford University Press
8.2 Gluconeognesis
20
Reacciones
oxaloacetato se convierte en
fosfoenolpiruvato
Carboxiquinasa de fosfoenolpiruvato
Hidrlisis de GTP
21
Reacciones
Glucosa
1,6-bifosfatasa
6-fosfatasa
22
From McKee and McKee, Biochemistry, 5th Edition, 2011 Oxford University Press
From McKee and McKee, Biochemistry, 5th Edition, 2011 Oxford University Press
23
From McKee and McKee, Biochemistry, 5th Edition, 2011 Oxford University Press
Precursores de gluconeognesis
24
From McKee and McKee, Biochemistry, 5th Edition, 2011 Oxford University Press
From McKee and McKee, Biochemistry, 5th Edition, 2011 Oxford University Press
25
Regulacin de gluconeognesis
Disponibilidad de sustratos
Hormonalmente: cortisona e insulina
Enzimas alostricas:
Carboxilasa de piruvato
Carboxiquinasa de piruvato
Fructosa-1,6-bifosfatasa
Glucosa-6-fosfatasa
From McKee and McKee, Biochemistry, 5th Edition, 2011 Oxford University Press
26
From McKee and McKee, Biochemistry, 5th Edition, 2011 Oxford University Press
27
Funciones
28
Fase oxidativa
6-phosphogluconate
dehydrogenase
From McKee and McKee, Biochemistry, 5th Edition, 2011 Oxford University Press
29
Fase no-oxidativa
Ribosa-5-fosfatada, gliceraldehido-3-fosfatado,
fructosa-6-fosfatada.
Reacciones:
30
31
Defecto gentico.
Drogas para tratamiento de la malaria
(primaquine).
32
Fructosa
Manosa
Galactosa
Productos lcteos
33
From McKee and McKee, Biochemistry, 5th Edition, 2011 Oxford University Press
34
Glucognesis
Sntesis de glucosa-1-fosfatada
Sntesis de UDP-glucosa
Sintasa de glucgeno
Enzima ramificadora
35
From McKee and McKee, Biochemistry, 5th Edition, 2011 Oxford University Press
Branching
enzyme
From McKee and McKee, Biochemistry, 5th Edition, 2011 Oxford University Press
36
Glucogenolisis
37
From McKee
and McKee,
Biochemistry,
5th Edition,
2011 Oxford
University
Press
38
CONTROL ALOSTERICO
MODIFICACION COVALENTE
REGULACION HORMONAL
39
From McKee and McKee, Biochemistry, 5th Edition, 2011 Oxford University Press
From McKee and McKee, Biochemistry, 5th Edition, 2011 Oxford University Press
40