Attacttirten lernpi;

#25
Tr.
v tnyar

ry1

lengwdr

September 1992

T TI'
ln
I nrs tssue
T

Covcr: "1ir Mrrtu,c"

E.L.F. Ncrvs
L.ctters

to

h)'

['atrick V,ttne
.1.

f'I

4.

Fronr tlrc h{orta/e Va.littircu,t

The Subscript f)ot: A Neu, Irlrrz

An Atlunaic Dictionary
Publications of I ntercst

b,y
L,isage

h-1,

I\trick

\Y/1,nnr

Arrleu [?. Sntitlt

bl, (.ar/ F. I-!ostcrter et

[\rrich

\Y'ynrtt

5.
(;.
ai.

Editor's Mruings
Jr s,'es jusr r fer',, issucs ago that sonrc corrcspondcnts decricd the Jrredotttinance
I of colr,,nn, and suhscquent lack of articles and lcttels in thesc peees. Thc
appcarance ol Saurort DeJ-cated has ccrtair-rlv revcrsed the sittt:ttion; revie'"r, alrcl
analvsis of the rvealtl-r of nerv linquistic m:rte rial firrced our regular columns ortt oi
lasr issr.rc, and the publicarion of this issue's,{ duuaic Dictionanthzts firrced out our

colunrns oncc lgain. We'll sce the rcturn of our collrrnns nert issue.
Ncverrhcles.s, lrre do havc x 1,sn' gilngh, lctter cottcertring Adunaic vcrbs. an
articlc os a pcl,ly-irttcst ed teltta Lrsagc, itld a rypricallv cxcnrpr|;111' Qtren-v:r trauslatiorr fl'crrn T/u Si/marillioa by Patrick'!7ynnc. This translation u,ls thc irtspiratirin
firr this issuc's covcr ilrt b1, Patrick V/r'nne . rvhich itt turtt s,:rvcd as thc lrasis fbr Pat's
sturrnirrs color illustration that appcarcd on thc- b:rck cttver ttf L{'1'thlora #69.
I invitc cvcryonc to spcnd sollrc tinrc pcrusingiltcAdttnnic Dictiortrtt't'. Parrick
\flynnc has incorporatccl nranv fiscinating obs.:rvations aboLrt Ar'lLrnaic into thc
cntries, especially conccrninS; relationships benveett Adunaic lnd the Elverr
tonqucs, ."r,hich mal<c fcrr sonre vcry illLrminatine reading.
Fin;rlly, bc surc to note thc annouttccment oithe next ElFcon on thc facinq
paee, and plcase consider attendirlg.

Carl F. Hgste trcr.

tlv di ffcren t vie'r.r, is plop,runded by Profissor Pott. u'hen he says:'Roots,

ir sh.rrrld h. obscrved. as such, lack the stanrp of rvords, and thcretirre thcir
real value in the currenc), ofspeech. There is no inu'ald ttecessitv udry thcl'should
flrst hai,c entered into the reality oflansuagc, naked and firrrlless: it suffices, that,
i.rnpronor.l)ced, thev fluttercd bcfblc thc soul like small images, continuallt'
clothed in thc rnouth, now rvith tltis, txrvv r,r'ith tl-rat Form, and sttrrendcrec{ to thc
air to he draficd off in hundrcd-firld cascs ;rnd combittations."'

I
A

sl

igh

l!'lax Miiller, Lecftn'cs ott tlrc Science o.f Lttrtguttga, Vol. ll. (L<>ndon:
Longrn:rns, Creen aud Co., 1877), p.90.

September 1992

17ry: r,fs::y!

i?:

Pfg.!

E.L.E lVews
L..L.f . lvleeilngs

Third Annual Colloquium on the Languages of Middle-earth

producingl.ltanna, 'The Bo.rk', the ultinrate refrerence
rvork on the inve ntcd laneuages,rFJ. R. R. Tolkien's Middlc-earth. rhe Elvish
Linglristic Fellorvship u,ill spons.rr the Third Anlrual Colloquium on tfre
Languages of .l\4iddle-carrh, otr January l6-18, 1991. This u'ill bc an
opportunity fbr eve rvone rvho is interested irr this antbitious proiect to help
Prrrsrrant

t<.r

its eoal of

in nraking it

a lealiry.
Each program participant rvill present otle or ntore n()llograpbs on
End<irean linguistics. Thesc n'ronographs will be collectcd together in a
l,r,.rsclcaf n,rtebook, r-listributed to irll Colloquium prrrticipants, artd revieu'ed
:rnd revised until they provide r deflnitive source of refcrencc nraterial, fi'onr
wbich l.I'antia rvill be conrpilcd. All nrembcrs rvill receive a cop,v ,rf the
proccedings and all upclates to it r.rntil I.l'anna is pLrblished. So even if vou
attend onlv one year, you rvill bc ablc to sta\r abreast of the project (and
participatc by nail if vou like) itr larer ycars.
An atre ndins menrbership i.s $ 175. This pricc docs not include roon and
board, but again thi.s vear the hosts, Bill Weldcn and Jo Alida Wilcox, have
agreed to provide roonr and board free ofcharge to all attendees. N{embcrship
fees rvill go torvard thc ct'rsts of holdins our nrcctings and ptblishing I.Panna.
Ifyou are interested in being one ofthe project authors, and are rvilling

Io r,l,rite sevcral mor-rographs and attend thc annual nree f ilrgs over the next f-erv
years (as r'"'ell as attcndine most Mythcons, u'here *'e will hold a second
important rneetingl each vear), wc r,r.ould bc excitcd about having vou loitt us.

To reqister, or firr more infbrmation, contuct BilI Welden, 9(ri Lundy Lane,
Los Altcrs, CA 94024-5934; phonc #: G15) 948-924j.

San Francisco Bay area

l-4 ptn on thc sccond Sr-rnday of o'cry month

ofArdcn Sn.rith, l 0 1 5 Solano Avc., Albany, CA947 06. For morc
infbrrration call Arden at (510) 527-3859.
E.L.F. rncetines arc hcld fiom

at tlrc lrorne

'W'ashington,

D.C. area

E.L.F. rneetings are l-re ld from 2-5 pm on the sccond Sundar' oieve ry month
at thc home of Carl H<istetter, 2509 Ambling Circle, Crofion, N,{D ll I 14.
Fnr more irrfbrmation call Carl at (4 10) 721-5690.

Page

\11!

lengtuar

#25

Srcplember

!992

Letters to VT
. Eli Bar-Iithalom
'fhc crccllcnt anelysis of Aclunaic gramnlru bl. Patrick

H'tifa, Isrnel

t*'-yntre ancl Carl F.

Htrste tte I' irt Vinl,ar Tettgtunr #21+ rricd
ald ye 11' succcssfu lll,'- t. recottcilc t6c
vcrbs in the knou'n Adunaic corPus."r,irh Professor Toll<ien's notcs oll thc vcrbrtl
sr-stern ctf that laliguagc. In particrrlar, the vcrb-typre '"vith nriddle-cotrsotrant
lcclrrplication (.c.2. azaggara'nrade u'rr'', ltikalkba'fbll') t'cle attributed to tlrc
Past Continuous. Rcccntly, holvcvcr, ir distant rnclnorv of anotltcr possiblc
rncaning of this fcaturc calnc to nrv mind, anrl I u'tluld be intclested to ktrolv thc
Quenclili's thoughts on this m:rttcr.
Dr. Clrdc S. Kilbv. in his l-olhien d' Tl,c Silm,rilLot ('Wl'rcaton, lllir.rois:

Harold Sharv Publishers, 1976; pp.2:l-24), conurents on thc nanrclhalhbetb.

savins th:rt thc root is KATAB 'fill' (so far'. so goodl), and that thc leduplication oI
thc nr id.llc co nson:ur t n'tcztr-rs it ttcn:if catio n:' thc g'crtr/l flllen'. Thc refe rence thcrc
is to a pcrsonal cot-nniunication frou Tolhicn l"rinrself.

This mcthod of intcnsiflcation is u,ell kuou,n in the Sernitic tonsues. For

eralnple, Ar;tbic tt,tz,tr,t 'look'vs. n/tzzari 'compille (root NaZaR): 'to colnpare'
is

strrirrger than f ust 'lool<ing'; qat/hnn 'corne'vs. qar/r./rtmtt 'delive r' (root t]aDi\4).

In Hcbrcr.r,, thc rcduplicrrtion is acconrpanicd bv a c-liffcrcnr vocalization

the s.c.
binyrm Pi'el : slnblnr' 'brcak'vs. sl.,ibber'brctl< fbrcibly to pieces' (both rransirivc;
roor sH-B-R).
if this analog.r-, as u'ell as Dr. Kilby's iniirrn.ration (l read lris book lon{: aso),
is rcliable , thcn Adunaic,4r-Pharazonaznggarnaualaiyadantyl-re translated'ArPhirrazon nradc a gre(tt u)ltr upon the Valar' (inste:rd of 'rvas vvarring'), and
Anadune zintn hihallaba as 'Anadune the belovcd fcll g"cn$i (P\(/ ct CFH stated
the curiousness of application of thc continuativc prist to tl'ris sentence).
It mav [rc. therefble. that the scurantic inrp.li621lon of continu:rtiveness is
sir.rrply diflerent be trvccn Adunaic and E.nglish, and lcfcrs rnore t() d-te bttensity <>l
rhe action than to its lc-ngth in tirrrc. Again, it's \vorth lcncnlbcring that thc
Serlitic finrily (Adunrric's closcst :rnalog in our rvorld) do.'s nc',t, as a rule,
distingui.sh continuativencss (in the Enslish scnsc) except bv clauscs rvith auxiliary
velbs.

Or

r'',har do you think?

Note: rltis is ,t reuised Jirnt o.f'an arricle origittrlb, sent to./ulian

I n fcnrct d itc u ssio t t grot 4,.

Bralf

eld's TolhLarry

l['arrick attt/ I think -yorr are rcrtainly outo sontething here; u,e'/l extttninc this itt a
.futrrrr issue. Lihe vou, I re,u/ Dr. Kilb.y\ boo/; rndt,y leitrs agt; btrt uttlihe 1,ott I /tatl
conpletrll,forgorten his discussiott of Adunaic KALAB. Tltanh yott fitr mnnrtgin.q to
rentenber t/tis extrernell' obsu.re ht c'eryt illrrrniit,zting referetu'e.

-CFHj

September

1992

l/inyar Teugwlr

#25

Page 5

Frorn the Mortale Valin6reva

by Patrick \fynne
issue's covel :lrt by Patricl< W1.nne is arr illustr;rrion from thc .l\'lortnle
l'alintireun, Par's Quenv:l trartrslation of the chapter "Thc Darkening of Valinor'"

This

lronThe Silnmrillion. Thc fbllou,ing is an cxccrpr fronr th:rt n'ork, rvith

an

acconrpiruying English tr:utslirtiotr.

Melhdro tier, hannidro i Melhor mere linna

Lytire ostorondonnar formenya Endoresse; ar Orome ar Tulkas
forntenna l.endier orntenen so ntaPien, nan ilruieho niue runya ku
nydre os so Telerion ltrestar pelk, mi aulie erunte i analende
Helkarahse. Alanna i tiris tanteformenye rinassenAmdno; rtan y'tme
tdre rnira, an nimbe i roitieho so Melleor nande ar a*nne ntuilenen
btlta hyarntenna. An ndro e aalaina ar turne enhanta fana ehar
t antl, tiaaina, ue Valar ilye turnier; nan tunne tdnya rdto aAnne

re Manwe ltLire os

sollo tennoio.

W/h." Manwe heard about the u'ays of Melkor, he understood

\/V thar Melkor wished to depart to [his] former fbrtresses in
northern Middle-earth; and Orom and Tulkas went northward in
haste in order to seize him, but they did not find track nor tale about
him beyond the beaches of the Teleri, in the unpeopled desert that
approached the Grinding lce. Afterward the watch doubled'on the
northern borders of Aman; but that was no use, for before they
pursued hirn Melkor turned back and departed in secrecy far au'ay
to the south. For he was indeed of the Valar and could reshape [his]
form or walk unclad, as could all the Valar; but that power soorl
departed from him forever.

l/inyar Tengutar #25

Paee (r

September 1992

The Subscript Dot: A IVew Tehta Usage

by Arden R. Smith

flcspirc such w'onclcrfirl lineuistic trclsurcs as thc Appcncliccs to Z',e Booh o.f
lJ Lttst Trt/es, rh Etymoto{icsin Tlrc Lost Roac/, and the "Appcndix ott Runcs"
it The Treasort (:lsertgarul, dlc Hisrur"1, of A,liddle-a,trth scrics clid not givc us vcry
rrrrrclr rrerl, totgu)ar nratclial

until the ptrblicarion of Satu'on DeJinrct/.Irt rhis

ne'"r,

volurrrc. rvc havc not onlv thc lonq-awairctl rctrguar vcrsions of Elcssar's lcttcr t.r
Srrnrrvise in Enelish ancl Sindarin (pp. l -i0-31 ). bLrr also ru'o diflcrcnr vcrsiotts of
Edn,in Lowdllanl s nranusclipt peec of Old Enelish rvrittcn itr "NLilrtenrircart

Script" (pp.3l9-21).

I l.ropc to bc ablc to cx;rtnitrc thesc rtervlv prublished

urorc cxtensivcly in the ttclr futurc. but Christophcr Tolkien has
alrcedy donc nrost t f the work in enalvz.ing the usc of tl-rc Flanori:rn lcttcrs in T'cxts
I and II of Lorvdharn's Olcl Enr{lish rnanuscript (scc SD:322-27).
In thc notcs otr Tcxt II (pp. 3l(t-ZZ), Christopher Tolkien discusses hovv the
usa{c o f thc t crtgtu a r in t he,,\dr.r na ic n,tntx Z igur (= Sa uron) irnd the Qucrtya narnc
ciocurrrcr-rts

Tarcalion (= Ar-Ph:rraz-irn) diffcrs frorrr thc usasc irt tl'rc surror-rndine L)ld E.nslish
tcxt. Thc abcrrant firrrns in qucstiott are given thtrs:

linc

l;rdl,r

ZigtTr

lo l;r7;
fto) Zigure
line I I )rqZigiir (sic;Tcxt II ,rcrualll't',,,. )iafr)
/,
line B
1>1@e> Tarcalion
linc

Afier remarking

or.r

the unusual use of )ar lirr z, Christophcr Tolkicn stares:

Tlre othcr consonants in Zigilr.and in Tarca/irrn, alc llot difftrcnt

fiom those uscd ro rcprcscnt thc Old Englishl but thc usc of thc diacritics

InZigilr(e).=i, .n=il. /

= r,andasubscript, =lottg
vorvcl, as in tl-rc rcst of thc tcxt; Lrut in onc citsc ol Zigil.r a singlc dot is
placcd undcr r, in thc other not.In Tarca/iorz single dots arc pl,rcccl undcr
rend rr; fl' prcsumably rcprcsents lio (bu i,r,itl.r - = i), but thcrc is no
represent;rtion clf tl-rc nvo occr.lnences of a in thc namc.

isnrystcrious.

Wl-rat exactlv is "r-n"-ste rious" about the usc of tl-re diacritics? The il placemcnt
abovc the prcccdine conson2lrt has bce n secn often cnough, especially in Qucnya
tcrts.Tlrc te/ttarrhentsclves('t =e,.=i,1=o, a= lr) are:rlsonosurplisc,bcinq

idcntical ro rhosc used in thc Ring-inscription. The - fbr i in Tarcalion covld

a glide rather thirn a full vor,r,el; dte - te/tta is ofrcn
used as a sign fol a fblleru,ing-/. The onrission of ilte rcl.,tn fbr a is also a conurolr
()ccuncnce, :rs Tolkicn u'rires in Appendix E rc Thc Lord of rhc Rir.g (lll:399,
lirotnote I ):
sinrpr[v nrcan that the i should be

Septernber 1992

Vinynr Tengunr #25

Page 7

I n QLrcnl':r in u4rich rz u,as ve rv frcclucttt, its vowcl sign r.vrrs ofictt ourirrcd
altogcthcr. Thus firr cttlntn'lat'nyt'c/nr could trc,uvrittett. This rvor-rld
rr,rrur,rllv bc rcad x cahua, sirtcc r/rt'as I)ot in Quclrva a possiblc irritial
conrbin:rtion, llrtcl rzz trcvcr occurrcd fin.rll1,. A pos.sil>lc rcadinq rvas
L'nlinrir, but no such r,r,orcl existccl.

Thc vowel-lcngthcr)iItg diacritic;, howcvcr,

d<rcs tt.rt:tpprcar

in rtrtv othcr

pulrlislrcd tcngturrrinscrtption,tl-roughitcouldhrtvetl-rclottgcurrierlasit.sorir:in.
Irt etry casc. its lirrtction hcrc is clcar ancl b"t- tl() Illcalls "tnvstcriotts".
This lcar.cs us lvith thc subscript dot; [-ttrt is its Fr.rnctiorr really a nrystcry? In
yrTnAiz, Tarcnlion thc lettcrs ;: rrnd c; arc e,rch firllowcd [r1,an irnplicit a. Thc
lctters r: and r:r hrrvc ra vor,vel firllorvirtg thcnt, utd this is rvhat the sul:rscript clor
irrdicarcs. Thc subscript dt,t shoulcl thcrcfirrc zrppcar utrclcr thc rr irr l;5i' Z;gA,
irr linc I I , as it docs in line 5, sincc rhe irrte ndcd rc,rding is nt'tr'Zigfira. This coulcl
show that thc usc olr rhc subscriprt dof rvas optiollal, thar there was no likclihood
of rhc r,vord lrcins intcrfrrcrcd rc * Zigiirn (cf . clm l<'>r calnta r.vithout a sul;script
dot), or elsc this coulc{ havc bc'en atr unintended ornissiort on Tolkicn's p:rrt.
Until this year. there werd no putrlished exanrples of this application of the
subscript dot. but llow we huvc not only thc exaurplc's tn Sam'on Defeated, [.'ut also
a coulrlc of cxenrfrles in the exhibition catalog,./.R.R. Tolkien: Life and Legend. ,4n
E.rhibition ro Comrnetnurat( th( Canteniry oJ-tlte Birth of-J.R.R. Tolhien (1892I97i) (Oxl:ord: Bodle ian Librery, 1992). On p.77 we find a photr> ofr pagc, datcd
thc captiorl
l4 Deccrltrcr I !)60. conrainine Iclril's hera]d]cl dcvice along
"r,ith
11 11.r;

This is

.1;_ix;:, e_*:e;'

fr'61=5
t'ith

Menelluh irildeo Ondolhdello

no vorvel at the end of

Menelluin, sincc thc pcncilled caption bclorv thc clcvicc t'eads "ldril's f)cvice Thc
'Cornflor,r'cr'pattcrn Mcnclluin". We also flncl, on p. 13), sonrc doodles of
clet'tr|y

scomerric lrarrelns with a Qrreny:r inscliption y(,-E)(FJ(j . I bclicvc th.rt rhis

should bc intcrpreted x calnm /terrJa,r, tlcsl.rirc th[ ficr rh.rt in rlrc nornral Qr-rcrrya
mode 'oJ denotes All and
clenotes alevert rl'ithout thc trasal cliaclitic. I supposc
;rs
rlrat tlrJrr.rcaning of the phrasc is'a lieht in thc evc', widt hendas hcing lel'evc'
in the so-callcd "short locativc" casc of thc Plotz declcnsion. Iu anv event. this
phrasc slrows that the subscript dot can even be uscd in an unarnbiguous case lil<c
clm = cahna.

Wherr vvriting a (]ucnya text with a consi.stently dcnoted lly the tehta &, :il-rc
use oithc subscript dot vvould be .superfluous. It is fbL this reason that we have not
seerr its usc rrntil tl-ris vear; all previouslv publishcd (]ucnya teltgu,.trtexts (i.e. thc
varit'rus renderings <-ri"Caladricl's Larnent" in part or in full) har,e made usc of the
n-tehta. Now'thar u,e havc in.scriptions that omit *'te t-te/tta, rve have inscriptions

that allolv thc inrplementation oithe subscript dot, trsed to indicate syllable-final
consonallts, not firllowed b1, 3ny 1a)11,s1.
Acknotulu/gnu'ttt

\'V'l;i/t,axtninin.q the To/kian nutnrrscript-r irt the IJolleian rhis Auqrst,

- (.ltrl Hostttter. Prtrith Viytntt, attr/ [^s,tu' txutn('ft)uj t'xtrnp/es of tl.'t

(,'ltristoplir' (|ikott
sulrstipt ,lor. (.'redir gocs to (.'hris Oilsott.for bcittg t/te f rst to intcrprat its .Titttrtioti
-Ai?S

Page

V'inyar Tengutar #25

September 1992

An Adunaic Dictionary
cornpiled by Carl F. Hostette,

",',d

P"triik

\X/r,nne

flris diction:rrv irrc,rrpor:rtes all thc Adunuic uratcri,rl cttrretrtlr- publishcd.

I including rh:rr in Zrr Lorrl oJ't/tc Rilgs and latcr rvritinqs as n'cll as Strrron
Dcfeated. For thc post-/arRvocelrulery we rrc inclc[>tec{ to thc latc Taunr Satttoski,

n,lrosc rrrriclc Arlrinrrit: The Lattgrage oJ- the Aiiltn,:ttirearts (The A'lit/rJla-anrt/.,
Library. Issuc One. Scnttttotr, PA: Ezcllohar Books, Jan. l9U0) .rnd rcvisccl
Adff naic qlossarv in Lendtrj t t ti D,ut i an # I (N'{ilrv,rr-rkcc, \W I: Atrg. I 98 I ) proved

particulally r-rseful.
This dicrionar-v obscn-es the fbllowing c()tlvelttlolts:
Aclrrrraic rvords arc in bold ir.;Jics: batan: bascs,rre irt bold stnall caps: NAKH.
'Words irr othcr languagcs (nrostll'Elvish) arc in ialics: knttett; roots/b;rscs in srnall
caps: lSAlLAl). Adunaic bascs are listed in a scparate sectiott at thc end of thc

dictionary.
For those rvords lbr which Tolkicn providcs contplete paradigrrrs, the oblitltrc
c,rsc firrnrs rre not .qivcn individual cnrries. uttlcss a) thei- occur in onc oi thc
Aclunaic Fraqnrcnts, b) they lrc firund as:rIr cletltcrtt in cotttpourtds, or c) Tolkicrr
rncnrions them separateh.' in a grarnmatical cliscrrssion. In othcr itrstanccs thc
Norur. sg. firrm only is listecl, rvith rcfcrcuce to tltc ;tagc rvhcrc tltc firll dcclcnsiorr
is firund.

Probable Eldarin cosnates of Adunaic fornrs are lr()tcd at the cnd of thc
cntries, enclosed in squarc trrackets.
Paqe rcfcrerrces arc to Saunn Defcated uiless otherw'ise troted.
-f indicatcs a fornr fbund only as part o{ta ccrnrpound. Onlv compounds in
ivhich thr constitrrent clcnrcnts can be distinguishcd u.'ith a firir degrcc of cct'trrittrl'
havc lrecn so divided.
< and > bcfi;rc a forrn in rhc crrtries dcn..-,tc cti'n11v[oo'6'11 derivation fiorn ;rtrd
t.r rhat firlnr, r'cspccrivcl\'.
<< and >> before a lt-rrrrr in thc cntric.s clcnotc Tolkictt's nr:rnuscript entcrtdarions fi-on'r and to that firrrn, rcspectivell,.
Thosc inte restcd in ArlLrnaic granr mar arc re fcrrcd *'t "Verbs, Syntax! I{ooray!":
A Prelintinary ,4sse-xmenr of,4dmt,zic Gr,zrutnr.trl'rv thc prrcse nt aurhors. in l'T #24,

pp. l4-38.

Abbreviations
adj. = xdjc6111,e
adv. = advcrb

lllasc. = nr;rscttlinc
neut. = Ileuter

col1. = couylon

Nortt't. = Norn:rl casc

Obi. = Objective case

(g.'ndcr)

dat. = dativc
fern. = fcnrinine
ip. = frontispiece of Snuron DeJiated.
tl-rc facsimile nts. of AF3
scn. = genitive

pl. = plural
Posrpos. = posrposirion
sg. = singular

Srrbj. = 5nlt|..,ive case

Seprymber

i992

V:ryg languay

A
'i'a-'it', prononrinal prclix. irr a.yadda.
|p.,247
-z Srrbj. srrfllx in rvcak treut. sg. lrouns.
430

-a Srrbj. suflh in nerrt. pl. nouns. 4.i0

a}Zr'strength, cndurancc, fldelin,'; for
declcnsion sce 431-2 f Cf. ntlR 'cn-

#25

Page 9

Adunaim'Thc Ac'lunei (iVcn olr \X,-.)'.

't[re pcoplc of thc West'r < adfin.
240, i 2, 426. 433 n.6
1

AdiAniitrt'thc Nicn of

Vu''cstcrncsse' (<<

Adinii).lSu \l l
adihti'dre Wcst'. 4-15 rr.l4
adino'ofNcsr' , gen.,tf adfin.

,- -

-,,

tn

binm-

AAllrlO. .) | |
Agan' l) cadt', nrasc. aqentivc person ifi-

catictn <tF agan 'dcath'. zi2(i

clure'> Il()l{(iN > Quotouu,ie 'enclurance, lasting qualiry' l-R:i5J]. agan 'dearlt' in Agatm1lo. aganniili.
Cf . Agan. {{,
'ij
'i'
abir' giti in Zen'rutbiir, Zenn'abir. Agnrtrtttlo'l)c;rtlr-slrad,trt: < dgan n
'i abar 'c.ift' in Abnrzkyart.
iz,7/6, Subj. se. ofunrecorded tzZlrr.
1

Abarzti.yan 'the l-antl

ziyan

(<<

ofCift' =-l'abar+

Zen'nabir >> L'6niyan).

J78 \12. J88 s\11

iAbat *'Arda, rhc Earth' in ArAbattririh. The indepcndcnr fbrnr

n-t,ty 6e

i; A

ban. wirh ! Abat resulti

Cf . uilu'darl<'. Subi. sg. 'l-uil16 in

agannulo 'death-shadc'iu AFl, rcplaced byr{gannZliin AF3. fp.,147

agawtiili'death-shadc' < agan + nil6

(>>

Agaufil|).

312

ns Agtthtctrlt'rl're shadorw river frrrn

fr'.rrn tlre usrral assirnilati<tnoFnt>

tt

in corrrptrsition, i.e. 'Altarrt,Lrih

>

a.s Amiiu-tharti >

Anrdtthiini'rhc realnr of Aman' (cf.
a20). It1-:222

Abattirile ,

Abrnziu *'Stcad{:rst, Faithful'l = Q

rhe

fens', thc rivcr Gre1.'flood in Eriador':

- S Gu'atltld < gzt'ntlt 'shadorv'+ /a
'fcnland' (Li]':261, 26-i). LIT:26.1
AglarrAma'castle of thc sea', ship of ArPharazdn. I n the A ka l1,z bllr its nanrc
isQA/carondrts, with the sarne me rn-

ing (S:zzil). .172, 3{t5 S14

lTntt nui:. V' irh -i a bra- c<> tnparc abfrr
'strength, endurance. fidelity'. 252, Ahallnbt 'the Downfulleu', namc of

Nhtncnor < KALAB 'firll'; = Q

290 n.66

ad'u>. rolr';rrds', a postpo.sition;

in

Gimlad lCf. olcl Eld. allative sufllx

-din * t,ul > Q rzr'thithcr' LI{:3ti9 ].

postl,rositit>rt: in

ahltisatla, azulada. 429

adfin 'wcst, rvcstlvard' in'nAduu.

Adina- i (m). Anad fin|, ArAdinmhltor. In ziladfu t.. etc. I Cf . N,
S diut 'wcsr') fp., 240, 247,251. 312,
'1.i')

n.

375, 3e6 555

Alea llnb4th' the

Dovvnfallcrr,'Shc-thar-

of N(rrrrcntir (<<
Ahallabi ) < KALAB'f'all'r = Q
is-fullen', nanrc'

12,)

ada 'vt, toq'.rrds', :r

Atrzlatrtii. Changcd to Aballab|tlt.

lt

i-Aka llabv t/t'Shc- rhar-harh-fallen',

q.v. t'p., 247,3].2, i9(r !s55

ahallabi 'fell in ruin'< KATAB'Fall' (>>

hihallaba).311

tahbds'chasrn' in ahltasada. tCF. Q

I4

Ad finfr i' the Nradun ians'. Cf.'nAdfinAi.

429.438
Adinii'thc i\'{cn of Wcsterncssc' (>>

Adturiim).3(,1,3u8

Atalttnte. Nso ahallab?r/r. Also irr

\li

a hsn'narr<>w path, ravine ' <

row, conflncd' i"R:3,iltl.

AK'nnr'-

jl1

ale/fisada'Chasnr-into, into Chasrn';

also

ahhas-ada. fp.. 247,

31

I'}age

10

llgn, ll1g:yat

nlzltahti'Iai . ICl. Ka\"lie clou,n' LR:3(r.],

Q hakrtinett 'rvcrc lving' in thc
'lioiviendni Scrrtence' \'"1 # l4 p.il

jlz

#25

September 1992

lCi. N za'rvitlr.

t1.r,.

ll".

plcfix al-.

gcnirivc sign" LI{:i74;

gerritivc
-a(n) ttt3l il fp., 247.
Dtrr.

"also usccl

as a

4Ji n.l4

AlbarSg.<>f Albarim, R:rtncr's namc firr

Elvcs.

2ll

-atr. -('a.)nStl'>i. sg. suflix in c()m. noun.s.

430. 1.)6

rt.64

Albarinr Rautcr's rtanrc firr' 'ch.'cs' (<< ani'h<>nt,l. htrnran being'; fbr declensiort scc +.i-. ql(r, qJ+ n.l l. +.tMirim), Subj. pl. ,tf Albar. Rcplaced by htheladim, q.v. 221 n.(r4 rln-ndilil'ol Wcst . h'.. l4Amin ''H<>lv Spirit'. namc of Manq'e Anaduni'Anadutre, Nuntenor,
(tlx> Arnin. AMAN). in 'nAnmu.
Westcrncssc'. fenr. pcrsonification

Atniit-tlta ni,
Amirr-thiltt i,
AmattltAni. anAmdn. Cf. nt7no
'spi

rit'. Also calle.l Ma nauF, g.v. In

y.rc-Lorr/ o.f.tltr Rirrgs Aclunaic texts,

Atuirt rcfers solcly to lv'lanrv. Ljse
t>f Attutrt as a Q narne firr thc land of
rhe \,'alar did nor alise until 1951;
scc cspcciallv SD: j76 S2. l-lL:-l jU \i0.

ICf. iVAN'hoh.spirit (one rvho has

n,,t been born ol n'ho has passcd
rhroirsh cleath )' > Qnt an u' departcd
spirrt' . fulanu,rl.R:i71 ] 3i7, 435 n.1 I
Andn-tltfrui' Landof Arnan'. i.e. *'Land
of Manrvd'I .source of -4nzat-tbani,

Amatthini. Scc Amin.

Arnattltint 'thc Land of Cift'

435 n.14

Athanat?

; >>

Zeun'abar).

3(r I ,

stz
Antdt-thfui 'Lrrnd of Arnan, thc

(<<
37li

realnr

of,,\nr:rrt', i.c. "thc rcalnr oFlr4anrn

'

\tlso Andttltini); < Arnfrn-thini.

Sec Amin. 420,135 n.l4
AnzattltAni 'Land of Anran, tlre land o1]
A.rnin'. i.c. *'Land of N4anw6' (also

Amnnbdni); < Anran-tltini.

Amin. 3ul3 \23, 391 SS4(r-7,

See
435

n.14

antmE. anntT'nrothcr' lC[. Q aruil,

i tlttnc' nr(\th(r' Ll{:3+til qj4 u. I I
an Adicctivallgenitiv'r1 prefix'of in az-

adrin, anadini, anAmin, annimruzTr. Also in elided fbnn '2.

of

ztdj.

anadinl

Also

Anadini.

Fp.,

240, 247, 361. 426, q28, 433 n.6

anadutti 1. As adjective: 'western' < rrn

+

adiini. 2. As noun:

'\(/esternesse'

(>> anadiine) lCf . Qandtina'r.r''est,

srrnse

t'1. 311. 426. 431 n.14

anArndn 'of Am,rn'. i.e. *'of lvl:rnrvd'.

4i5 n.l4
Auda16hE'Lons Serpcnr', ship of

Tarkalionl adaptation uf Q
Andalrikl.

And\ft

-150, 460

'rhe land of

QAnddr?.

Gifi'. adaptation of

3+-t

Atdfini|"rWestcrn',

have n itr

Nhme nor;

ada;rtation of QAn&ini?. 341

an7'a ti'rrrrrlc', fi'rrr. rroutr < con. ani.
4J4 n.1

an-uimruzTr *'t>f Elendil';

armhnruzTr.

ani',t

See

also
Nitnntz7t . tp.,747

male, nlatt , tlrasc. n()ur.l < corn.

ani.

431 n.11

Aphan uzir'? -fi'iencl', father

r>f

Nimntzir

(Elcndi[); = QAruardil

(<<

Arbazitt). is9 \2(;

*Qr,reen', prcfix in n,rrtres c,f

thc Iiings and Quccns oFNrinlcnor.
in Ar-Pharaz6n. Ar-Zintra ltil, crc.
Ecluivalcnt to Q lzr-. Also uscd in
fhe sense *'ro1,xl' in thc name o[rhe

i.Ar-'liine,

Ar-Mhra lith lCf . S preflx Ar( a ) Arauir, etc.)

< aratt'king' ; L.:4261.
cirv

irr roval nantes (Aruedui,

Septerlle1

1992

V!ryq lryglyqr;+t5

Ar-Abnttirilt *'(liins) Pillar of Arch'.

ninctecnth rulcr o{: N[rrnenor (cf.

fi ri h' p rllar'

r-rl rda n i n (i<> r

cl. Xlcnclrnitt' Pill:rr ol:

:=

Ta

Colclcn';

Page

cf

in a

11

p/;aruz'gold'. Thc lirrrn

v'nsTzr-Cnlion. Also

arp/tarazon.Ar-P/tarazbn.

I,

t 2,

i(il. 419. 4jj n.(r, 437 n.l4

Hcavcn'-1.15. rvith full firrms Ar-Pharazonun Sul-tj. ss. of' .4r-

Q zzr'pillar'
t\1 eucltn

inda

302.

hI ettalru i ndo 31 5).

Pbaraztut. fp., )47..i1 2, 428, 429

Ar-Sakaltltir' "'1King) Lord of the

Li-t':lll
Coasrs', t\\'entl'-sccond rulcr of
Ar-Adinakb,ir '(King) Lold of thc
Ni'rmenor: = (l TnrFa/assiort, <
\(est', nvcntieth rulcr of'Ntintenor;
'shorc, linc of surf (s:Jss).
= Q'l'a r-Htru ilncu. U1':212
Jtlassc
t

Arbazitt

'?-frie

nd',

Fztrher <ti

Ninrruzirt

(Elcrrdil); = () Amnrdil

Li-l-:22.1

zlrt'Kine' tcf. Q. S aran'king') 42')

Apbartuzir)..1(r5, 182 Sl(r, 389 \l(r Arin *'L<trd', A nltrlrc of Morgoth (<<
Klterfr ) ; als<> in A rin-M u lh hir. Cp.
Ar-Belzagar .'1 King) Shining Su,ord',
Arlt'k:rtg' . 357, 3(t7
eighteentl-r nrlcr oi Nirnrenor; = Q
(>>

apparcntly Front kn lS:.1(r0 and makil 'srvord'

T'n r- Ca I tna c i /,

'shine'

l.R:371. LI'l':122

Artin-Mulkh?r *'Lord of t)arkne.ss',

nilnlc ()f Nlorgorlt. .t(r-. .lfiq

Ar-Zimra h i l"' (]ueen) Jervel-darrghter',
it Tltc Drututtirtg rf'Anatlini thc
(

Ar-Gitilzir *'(King) Sprav of Stars',

rwcnry-third rulcr of Nrinrcuttr; =

Qucen of Ar-Pharaz-irn' = Q ZarIlien or Tar-l\[irie /. j7 t. j87 \\4lJ

*'
1.11;.i6-), trscd sttbst,trrt ivcll' as'sil- Ar-Z imrap bel (Quccn) J cu'el -wo man',
it rhe Akalltb1th and Tltc Line of
ver stars'? 1n T/te Drou,nirtg o.f
Elros rlte Quecn oiAr-Pharaziin; =
Anarlini and Lowdhrtnt\ Reporr,
Gimilzbr is the Ac'lunaic nanlc of
Q Tar-Miriel. Jtlz Sqg; S:2(r9-70,

T,u - Tr/mt nrt r < telerun a' <',isilver'

d/rz-,'Srrr-firanr'. flrst king oi

Nimcnor

Ar-Inziladin '(l(ing) Florvcr of the

Wcst', nvenry-firurth ruler <;f
N (rnrerrtrn =

QN iln

r I ld t? (U- l'

U-1':221

Ar-Zimratlt 6z

(S:-127). U't :22-l

:227).

tlrotrslr Inz-iladtn took as his Qro-val

nttrnc Tar-Paltu t ti r'Llc rvho looks
afar'. U l':12.1

tr-rdc'.

=Q

*'

(Kine)

Jc,uvcl-ivfi,rlri-

twcnty-flrst ruler ofNr,inrcnor;

Tar-Hostantir, < /tostrt 'l:argt

nunrbcr' (l-tt:-l{r.1) lr.td m ire'jewel'

(LR:373). U t-:222
Asdi'?". frrrn'r spokcn

as

azda (< ASAD).

421

Ar-Minalith -'Royal Hcavenly Ciry', -it DuaI sufllx. [CF. ele nrcnt (ltlt in Q
du;ils cin,at'2 ships', rnrirynt 'her
city of thc Ndnrcntircans, = Q
Armenelos (S:261).

In

Aclunaic.

nanres ol: citics wcre pcrsonified

as

firrrirrine. so rltat -6tb i.s probablv a

-th. 2s7-8, 292 n.75.
J(r3. JUI S2l
fcrrr. srrfllxr cf.

Ar- P/ta raz6n'King Pharaz.on', according to l/re Line of'E/ros the n^,cntyflfih and last rulcr of Nr-inrenor. In

Tlte Silmarillioz glosscd as 'thc

tr.vo harrds' L,:4271 430.431

-atDua.l sulfix. 42ti, 429,430

Atltindti 'Land of Gifi',

narnc of

Nrin.renor. Als o Atlt an a tE. C|. tban

'realnr, land'. -t05,375, J7{t \12

AtltarmtE'thc Land of Cifi', narne oF
Nunrcnor. Also AthdnEti. (>>
Anra ttltAt t t). C|. tlt rtni' r calm, lantl'.

12. -l7ri

Wnyar Tangutar #25

I'age 12

attd 'fxher' iiso attfi lCf. Q

atto,

Auradi 'Varda' lCf . *Bararl,i 'spousc of

Manu,e, Queen of Stars'(.

RAR{'I'H). rvhence EN Berethil.
Elbereth ; Q Vtrda eitl-rcr dcrives

hypocoristic fornr of nttzr' f'arhcr' ].

4i4

n.1 I

attii'tA*ter';

also

ntti.

431 n.l1

Aualdi*Pou,ers', in DA

September 1992

I a general ternr

fl'trrrr, orw'as influenccd

'l.rfw, sublime'

ncomplssing botlt Cods and E,lves;

sec i54. (<< Balii ) lCl. (1 \'ala

-au

I R:-li0l. 344, 35)-54

-ayFent. suflix, variant of

'Power, Cod',

pl. \hlar or \hli

N4asc. sLrffix,

6y,- bar,ida

l.

428

variant of z ; becarnc

-6. 438

438
Auaft'g<tddcss'. lCf. Q L/afir'(]uee n oi
dre Valar', fbm. fbrm of Vala S:3t31 ayadda'it wcr.rt'

azagdra

428

t.R:351

'r,r.as

(..

/;

lrecarne -2.

yadda) Fp.,247

warring' (<< azagrara).

Fp., 247. 312

Auallini 'Haven of the Gods' (also
Aaalhri).land of the Aval6im. i.e. azagrira'lvas u,arring, ll,as rvaging rvar'

tlre Valar; adapted fronr

har.en of the Eldar in

241 , 257-8, -305, i6r

QAual lrin d.

Tol

Eressda.

Aaallond7 'the Haven of the Gods',

land of thc Avalii (Balii), i.e. Cods

Aua

(<< azgaranddu; >>

:)t:
/tzar' sea in Azntb4l

azagara) . 3l

pharaz [r) ' dte

operr sea'). More often azra, q.v.
(<<

105

and Elvesl adapration oi (]

azda'?',spoken forn of Asdi.

At,alloude). 344

azgara- wage war ; cited as an cxarnplc

oFthe class of Derivative verbs. J'he
original meaning may have beerr

i' g<tds, Powers' (also Aual6 i ) t = Q

Valar. (>> Auahim).3a1, il l, 3i7,

16

J87

S1

auahi-men'Polve rs on'in AFl , <Aaaldi

+ ptrsrposition 'l'men (>> aualAi-sil.
-31

421

*'wicld a weapon or 'put to

the

srvord' < 'lzagar'srvord' (q.u.); cf.

N4AK 'srvold,

fieht with a sword,

Q makil 'sword', rn,thta'wicld a \reapon, fieht'; N m.tethit

cleavc' >

aualdi-si'Powcrs on' in AFl, < Aualdi +

t si (<< aaal\i-men ). 311
aaaliiyada'asainst Powers' in AF3, <
Aua16i + -yada.i.e. postposition a/a
'torvards' vvith regular dcvelopment
o[Ybcnvcen I and a following vowel;

'to fight' L.ll:37 1. 439

azgaranidu. 'rvas rvaging rvar' (>>
azagrdra). J1 l. 312
Azra 'seA in Azrabtl, Azrab0lo,
Azrabildhin, azra-zdin. AznrbEl.

For declension see 431. Nso aztr.

cf. 434 n.8. tp.. 247

Aualdim 'the Powers, eods' (also

30r.429.431.43J n14
Aaal|irn), Subj. form ol Aaahi '. = azra-ziirt 'sca-larrds, sc. maritinrc rcgions'. 429, 43i n.\4
Q Valar (<< Aual6i). 24 . iuz S2t,
jtti s35, iB7 S1
Azrabil'the Friend of the Sea'; = Q
*'Tirose r.r,ho see the Gods
Earendil (r> Azrub\l). ii9. 388 \s
lAaahiri I
*'sorr of Earertdtl' in Indilzar
and Elves', the Faithful in Nrirnnor. Azrabilo
*'P
owcrs. Gods and Elves',
Azrabih, narne of Elros, first king
cF.Aaa ki
of Nimcnor; Probably <Azrnbtl +
and Q paLrntiri 'thosc that watch
1

frrrnr a[ar' 5:346) 347

gcnitive inflexion -a (q.u.) used as a

patronyrrric (>> Azrabil6bht). 365

Septernber 1992

Wnyrtr Tcnguar #25

AzrabtlLhin "cltild of Earcnclil' in bauibn

h t di lzar

Azrab|t 6h h, trartte

r.r,h

ich

replaccd Indilzar Azrabtlo. Prob-

airly < scnitivc Azraltil6 *'oi

Earcrrclil' + thin'cl:irlcl'. J82 S2(,
azrE *Sc.ts', Subj. pl. <>i azra in AFI: in
AF.] and thc dcclension on pe. 4jl

rhc Subj. pl. f,rrm is an7yn. 3ll

Azrubvl'Sct-lover , < ozru Obi. <',F azr,t
'sca + stcnr bel-'Iove. dcvotion'; =
Q Enr,:nrlil. (<< Azrabtl).l4l, io5,

j6,i. JttS \fl, 417, 4)9.1t33 n.6

-i'azill 'easi in azilada.

azfrhda 'casrward, easnr,:rrds' ='l'azul

'r,vinds (rvcrc)' (.<<

i b?l 'lt'ver' in Azrabtl. Azrubel lcf. Q

tne/-'k ve (as fl-icnd)' l.lt:-3721. 427
6c/- A stem nreltring 'krvc. devotion'
(<< rri-)..i05
-'slri ni rrg' in Ar- Belztg,zr.
i'1rrl

batlt l.'cxpression, saving. u,ord' in sZrbttb 'assent', soltEtlntmd 'rvirh asserrt'. 2. 'saycr' in

t1,.. 247

rouch

a r it ltT # 2 4, 5 1 6)
or llcg:ltivc frrrrticlc. 250,2')0 n.6l
Baki'Powcrs'. irr I)A I a gcneral tet'ttr
t

cnconrp:rssitre both Gods end Elves:

sec 3i4 (>> Auaki \ lCF. PQ b,ilA

'Porvcr. God', pl. *b,x1-1 L.l\t35ol.

3'i

-l

ba tile'slips'

izindu-btt/t'trtc-

prof.hct'. < BITH ICf. Npclr

'word' LlL:jo(,] 4:7
h urd da' l't eavy, verl' l rcaw' (< < tztt ntda) .
saycr,

nrc!'l pcrhaps optativc auxiliarv (cf.

Aduu,ti c G rtr mn

bauEb).lp.,

l{-

buruda-'bcw,v' (<< burttdan ); cr-ne ndcd

*t buroda. -\l)
huru.dan 'he;rw-is' (>> lturttrJa). 312

ada. Fp.,24i, 312

Ba'?' in Bi leitabdalftl *'Don't

Page 13

. lp.. 217

bnn7tb 'rvifc'; firr dcclcnsion see

4-37.

137

bar'lt rd' in bdrun-arhurc, 'nBari.

F<>r

declcnsion in tl-re earl1, grarnrnar see

4iti-9; firr rhc llnal-frrrnr clccle trsiott
scc 4-18 lCi. N bratttton 'krrd' .
BAItAD, Ll{:35 1 l. 251, 428. 429. 437,
1-J8. 1i3e

birun-adiin6'tl're Lord o[Vcst' < barrnl

5rrlr;. trf bar + adiltto. .\ll
batdrt'roa.d, path'; fbr dcclcnsion see
,4.i|-4i2.4i5 n.1(, LCf. L)N Dara
'bc,rrcrr trac,k, pathu,av.EN bi)rt <
llA'l''trcad' LR:J51 I. fi., 247, -312,
4i1,432,4.11 n.l6

bauib *'winds' (>> bauiba ). 312

dZira'Etrdt' (<< hamii). lCf. N

r./ar

'lrrnd' l l{,.i-6. S z/rir"land' (i.e. drv

l;trtrl .ts ol,posr:d ro sca) S:jr.-1. llr..
'l'rcne,rr Ir, rr nd.'r'. a p.lst pttsit ior r
irr the firr,rl gl'arrunar, in ugnrdalad

dalail l.

'shirdorv unde r'. 2. 'under'', a prep()sirion in thc carly eranrrnar, in dalad

ugrtts' undcr shacl.r'uv' (nourt in dative) [C1. EN r./rzl'dou'n'< l)A-l"fall
dorvn' Ll{:3541. fir., 247. 3l I
LDalud dimran) In thc A tcxt, a srcat

waterfnll on N4cnclkernen 'Skr-carth'. Thc sccond vvord nrighr be

dimron. In the f'rnal text the narnc
bcc:rnre Oshiil-hiillash 'Falling \i/r.

tcr', the rvatcrfnll on Ellor Esh(rizel.

Sec Eshil dimzor, Esbil htila, 6shiil-

hiila.

tg

n.4g

ditr.r'gl<>rtn' < r dfru,'r < DAV/AR. 4li

*ddu'r'gloortr'; older ft>rn > cltur.423
dolgu'dark' (noun), u,ith an cvil scnse

lCl.N doll'dark,
NI)LiL,

l.lL:,17(r,

duskr,. obscure' <

latc

r/, 'nishtfill,

I)^^^
r df)L

rl;-

l/in-ynr 7-cngu,ar #25

| /i
f T

evcning' < lX)-1. lX) Ll{:-154]. 3()6

'slrould. so-as Ito j' in du-pltnrsi
'should sush' in Al-.3: pcrhaps :rn
airxiliary indicating rhe strtrj unctivc
rrro<rcl (cf. Arhmaic Grizrurnnrin VT
f 24,516). In AI-I the firrm is zar,
q.r'. fp., 247

dtfiburlnnt 'fcll' (<< udfil)ttnin '. >>

dultdant). 3tz
dubdatn'firll' (<< d u bbudarn).

fp., 21t,

:i 12

&ilgj 'black' in AF3, probablv

p'1.

oi

du/gttirtAIrZ ICf. N l?r"tlark. sonrble'< D().]. I)O l.li.:Ji4, doll 'dark,

dtrsky, obscttre' < NDL-,1., LR:.37(r].
t1..247
dulgu'l',lack' in AF2, prob. ss. ol dulgt

in AF3..lll
du-phursa'should gush. so-as-to-qrrsh'
(<< nai pburr"usim). fp., )17

Septe

mber 1992

latable u'ay somc blcnd or schcnre

of

colours" (200). l9U-200, 2lu it.4[J

Tluh.'dttn' or *'or)ce' in

AF} (>> tAid|)

ill
scen b-v Ramcr (<<

Ihnberii I A rvorl.l

Gyiinyiirii). Enrberii is said to

be

'jrrst:r narne'; scc Ellor.I7U, 100, 21,1

n.2ll,2l7-9 n.4fi

E?\'Ranrer's namc firr thc Solar Systcm

(<< An, Nol El, all struck t-lrt inrrnediatell,). I Cf. Ez, narnc of Ildvatirr

in "thc

my-stic savings

of

the

Noldoli", = Q Enu'the Alnrighry

Creator r,r,ho dr,l,ells without the

world' l.l'2:i4il. 204. 2to n.57
IEnebiil

Ramcr's uamc firr the planet

Satrrrn (<< Sltomoni). 105, 22 1 n.(r0

En-heladim R,rnrer's nanrc firr ,r race t>f
"elvish" bcings du,clling on E,llor
Eshhrizel and Earth, having bearrti-

"hurnanc" firrnrs. though "rhcir

truc types... arc inr.isiblc. unless
thcy embody themse]ves Lry thcir
ou.n r,vill, entering into their or+.u
u'orks bccausc oitheir love firr the nr"
fi.rl

E
Eledii'Elves' , narne of this lolk "in their
own ronf]ue of old" (35s): apparcltth'an ancient loarnl,ord < prirnitive Elvish cledi'an Elf' rvhcnce Q

Elda, pl. Eld,zr (1.:281). Cf.

Enhe la dim, Nint ri, Nim h". 3 8, 397 5

.),401,4

lElhr l'?' in Ellor Esltilrizel. ln

n f<>or-

rx)tc on p. l(X) Ranrcr sav s rb.ar Ellor

tutd Emberii (q.v.) arc "just nanres".
Hou,ever, the B text n'xcs of Ellor:
"Ranrcr said that it was qucer ho',v
rhc svllrr[rlc eroppcd up: firsr irr
Tolkien's Eldar, Eldalic, thcn in
Lervis's Elc{il, and then in his Ellor.
Hc tlrought it mighrbc ltr-r 'clvish' or
i(cladian rvord." (222) I 98-200, 21s
n.48

lElhr Esbilrizell Aworld seen b), Rarner,

oftcn called sinply Ellor. Eshirizel
is "a title, signifyint in an untrans-

()t)6-7). 'Skctch l'cquatc.s rhenr n'ith

thc Eldar: "There rve rc'Enkcladinr'

once on earth, but rhat rvas not thcir
narrre in tlris worlcl: itwas E/edai (in
Nrinrenrircan E1zlaf " (3.1;). Thc first
elcnrent nrav bc EN'Solar Systcm'.
Nso B the lad im. (< < Alb ar h n). 1 e,).
206-7.221 n.64. .10i, 397

Ephal' tir' : cf. zpltal-zpltalah. fp., 247,

312
Ep hal ab'

far

aw\; k

< Ap

ltale h) :

ct'. ep b a

l-

Ephalab. fp.,247
Epbaleh'far alvay' (>> ?pltalale). ltz
Zphal-Apltalah 'fhr far arvay'on fp.. given
as Epltal Epltalah

on 247. tp.

Eru'C<td' (< ?IR 'onc, alonc') in Erzbini, Ertfiin. ZnthTnim. ann,6: = Q

Eru (.<< Erz). Also Eru. 3,\7 \1.

4il

Septerrrber

1992

\/in-yrtr

Tengu,ar#2j

Elrr'God' in Enrbhfi, Erultil, Erultht

enrvi : = Q Ell ('> Eru). 3ql. .\5-.
Eru-hhi'scrvirnts of Cod'. rhe Porvcrs
(<< Eru-bini). 187 St
Er u- bfu fi 'servan ts,r FCod', the Porvcls:
',tls<>

lEsbil hulii I Erncnc{cd rc Eshil leiili;.

q.v. l llt rr.+li

lEsltilrizel

3fi7 S I

Ent-btni >> Eru-bhi). 3+t,

] A title "siunilving in an

untranslatrrblc way sonrc l'rlentl or

sclrernc

of colours", rn Ellor

Eslnirizel. I 98, 2fx)

ezertrli'st raight' (>> izindi).

j57, Ju7 sl

Erultil'rhc

firr.rn. (>> Eru/titt). -i41

Er ulfi t' chtldrcn of C od', Nitmentircan.s

6> Erubin). [Cl. Qhini'childrcn'

in Eruhbti 'Childrcu of F.nr'S:.J22;

S /iin 'childr-e n' in Eruchiru ''children of Cod' l.B:.i5a j -tt8. 3u7 Sl

Enrbin' clilclren of Clotl', Nt'ttncndreatrs
(<< Entltht). i67 \l

enrlin' Clildren

of Clod', Nrinren6rcans

,-

rr

'
\>> et'ilr)tiltnr). -rt

t
I

irubTnittt 'Chilclren ,rf

Nrinrcnrireatts t Su.bi.

r>f

Clod',

Eru/tin

(<<

entbht). fp.,247, 218

Aruu6'fron't Eru, IE,ru]-fir)r.n', "the srcrcd nanre Enr w;-l't a strfllxed cle-

mcnt nrc:iniug'fi-onr"'; cf. tlte

irost;rtrsition

-o.

(<< ertn6'). ip..247,

219

enn,6 'of God', genirive ,tf Ent ; cf.

qcnitive sg. inflexion 6. \>> Enruo).
-lt
lEshil r/irnzor ] ln thc A tcxt, rrlrcrn;rtc
1

ru,rnrc

firr thc glcat n'atcrfall

lv'lencll<en'rcn.

In the final tcxt

of

this

trccrrrrc Os biil- ha I lash'Falling V'arcr', thcrvaterlallon Ellor E.shtiriz.e l.

Sec Esbil hiila. Oshiil-hiila. ) 18 n.48
lEsbil hila ] in thr A tcxt, rtltcrnarc

neurc

fitr thc glcat

rvarerfall

t-tf

halii). I n thc
rcxt this irec;rrne Os ltiil- hii llas lt

N'lcnclke nrcn (<< Esbil

fi rrerl

'Falling'Wate r', the u'rtcrfill on Ellor

EslrLirizcl. Sce Eshil dintzor, Osbiil-

hiili;.218 n.48

.11

children oi Cod'.

Nrinretroreaus: pcrhaps an Eldarin

Paee 15

gimil'stars. thc

srers

of hcavcn. all thc

stars ro [;e sceu', collectivc pl. noun

rvirlr .ss. firrrn, in Gimilhlticl,

Gin i bitir, Gimil*gar. Gim ilzor
<

cIlvlIL. Declincd likc

[[i bi I (q.v.).

but u,ith no clual and prl.. Thc se. is

ghnli or ignil,9.v. ICI. c;tL-'shinc
(rvhite or pale). > Ngi/'star'.

'starlight' l.lt:-35til.

Ginilhltirl "Strrr-l'.

1127.

Qilnu

428, 431

\'()unger srtrl ol-

Accordins to dtc Etyntologias, in Noldorin the base SYAI)

'shcar thlough. clcirvr' (whcnce
Q
/5,nndo'clc,rvcr') w,,rs "lost orving to
codesccnce r.vith KHAI l". thc larter
base not dclincci or givcn clscrvhe rc
but possibl-v connccrcd rvith Ad.
C irrrilz6r.

-hbid. u-t':zz3
Ghnibtiir'Star-kindlcr, kindlcr of :rll
rlre st,rrs of hc:rven' < gintil + i n itlrt
= S Gi/rl:,onid. 4zs

Ginilzagar *'Su,ord of thc Stars oi

Hc,rvcn', stcond son of TarCalrnacil. < ginil + lzagar. Cp. Q
Elemmtl,'il *'Star-s*,ord'. Eli of
Cortdolin U-i':45.

Lj-l-:227

Ghnilzir *'Sprav of Stars', nanre of

Elt'os ('Srar-Foarn') first kine oi
N(nrcnor, < ginil + fzlr. Also
Gin ilzor. (<< Indilzar) Se c also r4rGhnilzdr. J80 S20, 4-13 n.(r

Gimlad'Srarrvards', a nanre
Nfmcnor, < gitnli

j7s \12

ol:

atl ; = QElmnd.

1A
rTt^^d5L ru

l'inyar Tengtuar #25

gin t I i' srar. t ( fr,rrt icuh r') str r' it G h nlad,

gimlu-nifrr r ss. derivcd f ronr col-

Erulti l. Inra lti l. ICf . KH IL'firllorv'

> (7 Hildi 'follorvers, nrort:rl nrcn'
Ll{: j(r4 rrr'sons' 101 ,5 -cltilin Elucl,il
'FIcir ,.r1r Elu (Thineol)' S:-i::].

lcctivc pl. gimil 'trll tlte star.s', q.r'.

For dcclcnsion sce :i-31 . Also cf-. particulrr pl. ghnli. 4'tt, 42IJ, 4i1
3'ililf stlrrs, scrcr,tl sl,trs. s()n)c stArs.

particul:rl pl. of sg. gitnli'srx'; also

gi m Ii. Cp. collectivc pl. gi m il' all rbe
stars'.417, 118,4.11
gimlu'sr',tr. a (particul,rr) star'. Obj. of
gim li, in gin l r rtt itir.,l2ti, 4i I
gim lu- nitlr'kindlel oia (particular) star'
<

gitnht+ nit7r. Cp. Girnilnitir.42E

Gortnok R;lnrcl-'s ttame fi>r thc planet

N4ars, callecl "rcd". Iu the A text

firr l\4ars is Elvish

Kdrilt 'rcd', possiblv cogtratc 'with
Ranrcr'.s tt,rure

Gorrn-. The final -aA appcars t<, be

a nrascrrliue cndine: for a and I as
mascLrlinc vou'cl and conson,rtrt cf.
427. Sce tis't Ziugil. 205
lGyiinydrii ] Arvorld secrt bv Ranter (>>

Bnberii).214

'iltht ^'clild' in Azrab0l6biu.

'i ltin'childrent',

lttr 'hc'. nrasc.

I R:3851. 43.i-4 n.7

proach' (>> tnrchhfi ). )ll

buzrzat 'cars, tlre rwo cirrs (of one irerson)'. Subj. dual <:'f lttaun.428.430
ltuzun'ear", fbl dcclension sce 430, 4j5
n.1 5. 428. 430. 4-15 n.1 5

I
-i Alfix uscd finally to r.nark finrale
gcnder (scx), as zrgT'fenrale bcar,
slrc-bcar' ICf. Q fcm. sufflx -i in rdri

'quecn t.l{:i{i(r. heri'ladv' LR:3('41.

43s n.l3
-7

P[. sulfix, < origin,rl 77 lCf . Spokerr

pl. -1, Book Q pl. -;1. 42e

ibal'l'

N lto 'he' ytl. hrin

lnutehhi 'he-canre' (ri'ith prononr. prefix ia-'hc'): cf. NAKI-I 'conrc, ;rp-

] Rarncr's narne firr rhc

plarrct Saturn (rr Sltomoril
n.(r{)

pronon-rin:rl prclix (<

'he';
Q(?) sri

Il n.48

oi ibin. in Eruhin.

FILi), in ltunchhfi. Also ru-, q.r,. lCf.

n.28. p.2l 5 n.33, p.217-

Eneleiil ). 12

p''1.

ETUDIII.

[Gyiiriicltill
>>

September 1992

,son of Ulbar, nran ofNrirrrcnor.

U'l': 194

bazad scvttt. tp., l1t.

. t'
t
DAilA
S(vtn . 4:,, .4:6
'shc',
fenr. prononrinal prefix, in
tlilti-AhrtllabEtlt, ltihalba, hihallaba
lcf. Q(?) ,i'she'; N ir'she' pl. lrin
I.lt:3u51. 4).247

ltiAkallabetb

1..

nkalla.b7th).

fp.,247

ltilealbn 'she

flll'

(<<

oncc'. fir., )17. 312

Vddn'l<L norv is, is no1 ', now (is)'. Sutrf
oF 1do. 247, 3t

rgzrrrT'star-shapcd fiqurc', lcss

oficn'star':

firrmcd fi-on.r collcctivc pI. gimil.

Cf. perticrrlar pl. ignil. 4zi
igtntl'xtrs, sevcral stars, sornc srars',
sg.

bi-Aha llabE tlt'Shc--that-hath-l,rllcn'

als,,

Itlo It(\\\' ()r l(): I]()w i cl. taulo l|rclt,

ltikalhba). fir.,312

hihal lnba'shc-ltll doq,n' (<< ahnllabi

).

247.312

j'hil *'ltcir, firllorver, son or datrghtet'',

or as p',1. 'cl.rildrcn', in Ar-Zimraltil,

;rarticular pI. of igntil. +2i

suffix in masc., fcnr., and
conr. nouns.430
i Imrn '?' tn hnraltil. hnrnz6r.
Imraltil'?-son', pritrce of Dol funroth
at thc tinrc of thc War of the Rinq.
-rizr Subj. pl.

Septernber 1992

Vinyrtr Tengu.,ar #25

Thc nanrcs of the Lords of Dol

Anrrorh-6a /tdor,,4trge liru tt r,
'Lclral,il-appcrr to be Elvish in

firrnr, lrr-rt Zrr'rrlr/contain.s the sillrc

irriti:rl clcrrrcrrt x Ad. Imrazir; y>er-

hnrahil is intcndcd

tny.s

as

*'f-lcir

Il:ll, 113
':-firanr',
Imrtz6r
called "thc
Nilrncntile;rtr", f.:rthcr of Calador
of Inrr.rz.t)r''. t.i't':24(r, 24ti:

-ii

436

Indilzar-'Spray of Stars', narne of Elros,

filst liine of Nrimenor r rcplaced irv
363

iinzil 'flou'er' in Ar-Inziladiln,

Inzi I bttlt, Roiltinzi l.

Inzilb|rlt'Flou'et-?', u'ifi oi Cinrilz6r.

Tlrc final elen.rcnt lnighr l'\e bEth
sat'ing. rvordl sayer',
though the nreanins intcndcd is
()Dsctilc. u |:ji-)
'exp-rr-cssion,

rrl- A stenr nrcaning'love, devotion' (>>

lrtl-1 [Cf . Q irr'desire', irit na'l<welv,
desirable' l.R:i61 l. i0i
'ilshtar *'crystals' in Tehel-Isltnzr. 222
n.67

ight' (< < ezend i). Nso glosscd

'risht'
(rvith a qucry) on f-p. lcl.
as

izi ndi' str

ISI > lsila. isq,z'.rise'1- l-l;l-3t);

IS >

istirna'Invirtg knorvlcdqc, q,ise,

le arned' t.l{: j6 t I . lp.. 247
iziu du Ol>j. fo rnr of ad i. iz indi' str';ight,
right', used sulrstantivcly as 'truth'
irr tlre cornporrncl izindu - bvt/t' trtcr
I
,
s;r\/(r. Pr()Pnct . 4l-- '

izindu-b?tlt'truc-sayer, prophct',
|

Declcrt.sion chart givcs Nornr. pl.

firrrn. r.rr?. izr?n7 lti. i.rs). 411
zcr"Z'su'ccthcart. bckrvcd', < ZIR 'lovc,
dcsirc'. For declen.sion see 4Ju.
izrti See izrA. 424

izr7fi

izrt.

Scc

421

flrst lord of Dol Amroth. LI'l':248

Subj. sq. suflix in fcrn. notrns. '1.10,

Girnilz6r.

Pase 17

<

, -.t

Etnail + 0efD. 4: /
izrai'sweetIrcart, bclovcd': olcler

K
ileadar'city' in leadar-lAi lCf. KAI'
'shalrc' > N

ca

d u, o r, car/wa

r'shtpcly.

rcltrli (* rrhnr)'frrshion' l.ll3(ril.

aj5 n.l4
leadar-ki 'city firlk'. 4i5 n.l4
hado

;vtt1 so . fp..

l-i-. jl

haiu- '?', fbln.r produced by fbrtifica-

tion (:\-infixiou) of a base KI'W,

yiclrline hEut, bAn. 124
halab'f.tll down', citccl as an cxarnplc of
the class of Triconsonantal vcrbs; <
KALAB 'flll' lC{. '|ALA l 'to slopc,

lcan,

tip' > Atalztttc l.ll390l

KF.l.

go, rull , KYL,L'run ollt, conre to an

cnd', LR:i631. 4-r.l

hali'wonttn' [Cf. W'estron /eali 'iolly,

say' Ill:4141.

,1,14 n.11

halkba'f-cll' < KAIAB.

429

leamdt'ctrrh' (>> dairn) lCf. Klrtr,t'soil,

cartlr' > Q /cy'l Lll:3(ri; Q kem e n' rhc
carth as a flat floor l'tcncath nrcnel,
thc hclvcns' S:3(r01. -3t t
han 'hoId' , citetl as an cxamplc olr the
class of' Bicons<;nantal vcrtis. 439

harab'ltorsc' (of either sex), Nornr. pl.

haib; < KAI{AB. Scc harbi, harbi.
4-lzr

n.l

harbi 'rnarc', fcrrr. fornr <

(t

c<tn-t.

harab

Ilorsc . +J4 n. l1

harbi'stdli':tn', nrasc. firrrn < c<tnt. harab

'ltor:c . +.i{ n.I l, .ij5 rr.l.t
(also izray) > izr7 (q.v.) with
harTb i\orn. pl. ol' harnb'horse'. 434
rrrorroplrthongization <>l ai > A. 424
n.l I
izray Scc izrai.424
: tlst, kailta. q.v. 217
lzfrtha',rll
rz# Nornr. pl. ttl izrE 'swccthcurt. l)chatlta'all'.
pI. leatlii. Nx: hatba. fp.
lovcd', . izrii < izr?yl < izrai + yi.
fbrrr-r

V'inlnr

Page 18
hatlii'rt|l' , pl.

o1'

Tenguay#25

katba. j|).

Conrlucrttr'. Subj. su.

hatlntphazginun. 419
ha th up ltrtz-ga n ut' rhc Cottqueror',
Subi. sg. <>f batltupbazgirt. 12')
Ieauy- '?'. firrnr prodrrccd by firrtifica-

tion (A-inflxion) of a base l(UY,

viclding h6y, h6i.424
lehr'?' < haiu-, q.v.424
t.
RCtu ! < ktlllu-, q.\'. +:4

hbiu'

cr ow' <

ltlti

tu ;

p'tl.

l.R:,1611.126

u' Olde r ftrnr > ltlti u'crovv' . 4)6

hbiu Oldcr firrn > kho 'crow' . 426
lzltiui Hisr,r'ic:rllv c.trtcct 7lr. ,ri hlto
hha

'crou,', thoush the firrnr actually

rrscd rvas

hhdi.426

hhiuii(td PI. of hlt'iu'crou". 42(r

Klteri "'Lctrd, a nalr'le of N,{or.qorh (>>
4rin1. lCt. Qhe nt. ON [/,o2,' maslcl- < l\Hh K rulc. goYcill. P()\\css
I R:-1641. i7r) S l

hltibil'sprinz'; fbl declension

see 4.10

lPcrhaps a borrr u'ing bascd on ntis-

irrterprctaritrn

ni/a.

of Khvzdul liibil-

narne of the rivcr Silvcrlode or

r(illl(said to be
Q te/ap-'silvcr) acruallt, mean.'silver' not'spring'
its sprinss, in rvhich

c<rnrrccted r.vith

('l-l:174);,rlso cf. Kt t. 'go, run (cspc-

cially of r,r,ater)' l.l{:j(ri end Q

kapaliudrt'.spring of vu,:rter' < KAI'A
'leap. spline' L'l'l:2571. 430
hlt d' cr t tw' < - hlt,\ut : pl. h lt6 i (see h h iui)

Cl. hlfiu. LCf Q horko < K(ll{KA

'crorv'Ll{:3(r2].426

sce ha

rqr-.

a't ta

hulab, hulabba. hula.bbi. hulibbu,

hulnmba, hulb7. ktilltE. leulbt '?'.
varianrs < KULUB'r()ots , q.r,. 4J5
hullfi ' r r'rr'tt s (a defl n i tc n rr nrber-, rf roots
of plants)', particrrlar pl. rr,run derivcd firnr collcctive pl. ."r'irh sq.
lornt httlult 'roors, edible r.csctables
that are root.s not fiuits'; < KtlLtlB.
4.t

hltaun ( m). Sce

hlro tcf . Q kttrho < I{ARKA 'crou"

*

'?'

hoy

hat/tupbazgau ':r

September l992

hulbo, leulbii. hulib. hulib, hulibba.

hul i bbi,

lz u

l ibbu,

leu.l

imba. hulln b,

hullah. hullilt. hulhb. kullib. hullob.

Itullib. hulhb, hlob. bulilb' ?'. variants < I(tiL[JB 'roots', q.v. 42i
It t tl r lt' r <', t'tt s, ecii ble ve{:ctables thar a re
r(x)ts not fnrits', collectivc pl. noun
u'ith ss. firrnt, < KULUB. Cf. par-

ticrrlar pl. hulbT'ro<tts. a dcfinite

number oiroots of plants)'.4.iI
b ba, huh tb b i. hul un lta' ?',r,ariau ts
< KULUB 'roots', q.v.125

hu hr

L
! Li i' frtlk' in hndnr- k i ICf . (l /lr' pcoplc'
l.l{:-i(r91. 435 n.l4
Iokbt bct'tt \<< rokrillrrr)LLf. rrx)t 1rp'bcntl, loop' S:-itil l. fjr., 2,i7
l6ni 'nigbt. fair nighr, a niqht of st,rrs'
("rvith no conttotatirttrs ofrgloonr or

fear"), an "Avallonian kran" fronr

"ltime (xcnt /tini-)" lCf. Q ltirne

'nicht, nvilight' LR:is4-5i. 4l+

sg.

mi'wirlt', n posti'rt-rsitiort, in sai-bEtbnti'with assent . Cf. instrurnerrral

Btt hitab&tba! *'D<>n't

touch mcl'; scc Ba. 250

irrflexiorr -ntnin carly granrmar ICf.

Q -me in lcnexrc 'u,ith lcave, try
leave' SI):24(r. 31(): sirtonc 'in this

bb6i 'crc,ws' (historic,alll, hltiuT),

hh6.4Zr,

bitablaltE'?'
h6i'?':

sce hattry-. 421

holab, kolib, hblub'?' ,vlr.iltnts < KULUB

I()t)ts . q-\'. +j)

placc'lll:24i-6).42t
-zra lnstrunrental sg. casc cndinq in
c:rrly version of the granrrnar (also

-rttii ), in biruma, sob?thumd'r'tsserrr-with';

,tqglr

ptl.

rt i tt:rtetl

'with'.

-maht. lrt origilr an

prtst Io.5i 1 i,.,s' rttcrttt

Sce ma.

itttl

,tt.)8

tnaitt Pl.,rf instnrttrcntal -rila'rvith'

Itiruntain. l'JS

in

' manau'spirtt'; older firrnr litlx> ntarmu,

rmanau,-, mannu) > nunfi witll

rrorr,rpl'rthonqiz.arton

mfuto.424
nurrxala Also rntanaw42'+

Manau4

r>f

au > o. Sce

see

'tnattrltt.

*' Holv Spirit', probably

<

(onc'wlto has n,rt beetr trorn or u,ho

has;rassed tl.rr ough dcath)' > Qruarut
'tlelr.r rt ctl .sPi ri r' . ll I n t t r u t l,R:.i- I : r lsr r

r<rot

nin-

'zttod, blcsscd, un-

S:,1(r I and glos s <tf tlI anub' ts

'Blcssed Bcing' t.:2tt.)l .i41
nfind 'spirit'; firr tlcclcnsion sce 4ill.
Tlrc firrnrs mart6.Norn. pl. marfi)
n,ith slrort a also occur lC[. Qnnttu
'dcpartcd spirit' LR:371 l. 124, 43s

rr,irrcd'

mano 'spirir' ; scc min6. 124

mtznii N<>rnt pl. of ntand 'spirit', <

nmnoyi < rnAnAil + yi. See ntin6.

Paee 19

'<'tn',

a postpositiort, in aualoimenlCf . Q izea'1rhsc, 5pot' t.lt:37J ].

tnenel'tltc heuverrs, Hcavcn' tn MettelTfi bal. Menel-tubel, X[enel-tibil,
hlenelrynld; = Qrucncl. -ioi

imen

X[enel-Tfibil *'thc Pillar oi Llcavcn'

6 > M enil- Ti6af . -;6.t. .lr,s, .l s-t 5:2,
iBti \20

Mencl-tibel*
.|\[enel- tii

,nturau, oldcr tblm ctF ntan6'spirit't

= Q fuIanu,d. N'lanrvi is also callcd
Antrirt. q.v. fClf. N'lAtl- 'lroll' spirit

cf.

#2j

l/inyrtr'Tangwar

Septernber 1992

rhc Pillar of I-ieavcn' (>>

i l). 302,

-]

53. .i75

Mencl-tibil *'the Pillar oi Heavcn'

(>>

Menel-Tdrih). -lol. -lo5

Menel4tild *' thc Pillar of Heavcn'; = Q
Ifettcl4rilla. (>> Menel-tiibel ) ICl.

'l'\'tll. 'stand up (straight)' > Q

t.yu lrna' ntast' i.ltJ95] . 34('

i menilr'Hcavcn' in Menil-Tibal. 3it,
-1131

5\t7, j8S S20

LIenil-Tilbal *'thc Pillal of H!-:rvcrt' (>>

Minul-Ti|rib). J7 r , i8i S27, ,i88 S20
nfih'l-tirby bor," < MIYI'snrall'+ nresc.
-t?. +J /

ntinal 'hexerr, sky' it minal-tarih,

Il( innl-z id a r. Obj.
Ti rih

t=

Qru enc l.

n t irz

ul in M tu ull. n renil,

Sec mene

mhtil. 2t 8 n.48, 41 4. 429

minal-tdrik 'hcavcnly pillar. sc. a Pillar
in the sky, ..rr rnaclc of cloud'. q29

Mina l-zidar'Poisc in Heaven',,r planct

sccn try Ranrer. 199.200,218 n..ill
maniyi Scc man6i. 424
minil'skr-, thc hcavcns' < MINIL; = Q
lVIArim Rnrner's namc fbr 'elves' (>>
tnenel.241
Albaritn). See B r helad im. 221 n.61t ntinu l' her: en' in Minul-Tdrih. Obi. <>F
MAbho 'T),.r,r,', a nnrnc olr l\4orgoth
mtual. 211, )49.42,)
(<< Meleha). 34t
.LIinul-Tarih'Pillar of Hcaven'; = Q
Meleho'Tvran t', i.e. Morgoth, firr "such
4:4

was his n2rnrc alnong

thc

Ndnrendreens" 4l I n.5 (>> Xleleho)

lcf Q fulelhur'He

rvho ariscs

it'r

N'liqht' S:i 1 ; earlier &[rlla < lr,{ll--lK,

r'",lrerrcc also Q ru,ti/e'lusr', nilha
'sreccly' l-l{:i731. J98 9. 401-4. 411
tr.1

J\[ertelni

rt,

hlcnclnLindrr,

fu[crtclmi rtr/0. ]l(ene lr),il l,z. Also

M inul-Tiri h. 24 t, 249. 129.i8{i S20,
3e2 \\S49-50

irnit"irn *'crvstals' in Teleel-fuIirhn, tpparently Subj. pl. of a noun tarrr

'crr.'stal' lCf . Qrti re' jtwcl, prccious
thins, treasure' LI{:i731. 207

Vinyar Tcngtuar #25

P3ge 20

nfi th'bitby girl. nraid-child,

littlt eirl' < rt?rtrr'<tn rrs' irr AF2 (<< rtVnum i

NIIYI 'srnall' + lcnr. afllx -tb. For

dcclcrrsion sec ,i.lfi.

Cl. m7k.

127,

437. 438

niyit'(.infant) trvins' < MIYI

+

'srn:rll'.

L,'

,rf D:rrkness', a nrtrne of

Jvlor:goth. For the sccond elenrent
ci. Klteru *'L.ord'. -litl

Mulhltir'Lord

N
t'r

nr|.

suffix in Cotnnron Iroullsi

-nn. Comparc nrasc. Subj. se.

-rz SLrbi. sg.

-tm, fent. -in lCl. Q subject nouns

rnarkccl bv -2. c.g. ltcrt'scrr' in ueatt
'the sca rvas loud rvith
Ji/asuncro

l. 4-lt)
'nabAr' oF gift' in Zen'nabhr.
sr-rrf- N{O:221

the Anadunians'. 429

nai 'ntis.hr' , perhaps an auxiliarv incli-

cirting tl'rc subjunctivc rrtoocl. (>>

du-) lCf . Q rai 'bc it that, rn:rybc'
-l

II

nilo'slndetw', Subi.

sg. olrunrecorded
nfihr. in Agannhl|. lp..247
'rt4ntftrt'trf-,futt:tn' (i.c. I\l:rrtrvc). 4Ji
r

n.14

'unntin 'of Anran' (i.e. Nlanwij), in

Zen'nantin.
i tAna

dfine'of- Anadunc'. 428

nardil'soldier'l pcrhnps coqnate rvith

naru'nttlc' . For dcclcnsion

see

4j8.

Nafilea 'thc Eaglcs'. 25 t

nttru 'n:..\r\, rnalc', s:rid io be "chiefly
arch,ric": pcrhaps cognatc rvith
nardii'st>ldier'. For dcclcnsit-rn sce

$7 lcf. Q na''nran'
n.1
,

.r

I. 437
I

nI
r
I
a..
nrt/tn
oIa ttte
L0rcs . i.) I

torvrrrds' I Cf . int]cctcd prepositiorrs

irr Q, e.q. nti'in' > rnir and ninrta

'into'

I.R:.)731.

ff.. 24;

rt7rnnn 'orr-us'in Al'-I (>> rt7tnt\:7 <"lrtZ

'wc + postpos. 'l'rrz 'on' + |-m

[,tv*/

(=

t:
] 'Moon'l firrrn d.'scended fronr

Niluin
"F,rr

rl-re

-1

"latcr languase". Ct. 4ts:

actual d,rilv spcechcs ofrrl're

lNrirnenr.ireanl Exiles seem in

to

fict

have changed ilnd diverqcd

quickly otr thc rvcstern shores.

Of

thesc ch,rnged and dir.crgcnt firrnrs

rvc lt;rvc onl-v a fcq, cchocs..." Cf.
also

zr2ti,

'nAdiinai'of

R:(,01.

'on' lCl. (] za'upon'lvl(l:2lzli. j12

nEnud'ot.r u.s' in AFj (<< n?utt)', ? < 't, n?
'\!c + I)()stpos. 'i-rrrr 'orr' + nrl ':r.>,

Njul, Uir, Yr. 3(t6

; -t
lulo nt\rtil} , )lrDl. \q. (\l iltllt
19.r.) ilr
uriyat n7l6 'sun ,rncl nroon'. 426,

\tAdfin 'of thc Wcst'.25I

'i

>>

tftnud)'.? <-inF '."vc'+ posrpos. trrrr

nlen ()n l.

'olr in 'nabir, 'n"4diln, etc. Elided

forrn of genitival/adjccrival prcfix

istl

September 1992

LR:3751.

.''l-1.1

Nilu'Tltc il'lan in the l\'loon', m:rsc.

firrnr of neut. nlltr )41, 42o
ttTlu'rtxton' firr dcclcnsion sec 4-Jl.
,Also M/z'Mootr'. -10(r, 431
Ninnr'F-lves, the Shinine Oncs'. pl. oi
nimir. Also Nimir. \<< Nimri) lCf
Q ntu,r'pale' Iv'lC.:21-3-4, N nitnrcd
.

'prrllor' Ll{:373] zrt,i,

-3UB

\5

rinir'Elt-

. For dcclcnsion see 4,16.

Nimrt'ilte Shining Oncs'; n:rrnc giverr
ro the Elvcs "f<rr rhcy rverc cxceeding lair to look upon, :uld itir rverc

all the u,orks of their tongues and

lrrrnds."

(:rs) 1'> Nimtr). -158,.lt3u

s1

N imriye' Nin-rian tongue', i.e. Quenva

or "Avallonian". 414

Il the phrase "thc towers of

Nirr-rro.l-r"; thc first elcnrcm Nintr-

Nimroth

probably =

Ninri 'Elvcs'.

Ninndrt\.364,

38 I

\2-3

(>>

Septembe

nirnru-

1992

'Elf, Obi.

l/inyar Tcngt,ttr #2i

nimir; in tut- nilphrAt 'futhcr and rnothcr'

ol:

dtal of rttrylti,"parcnt .

tt.intruzTr, ll./intruziin, NimruzTr.

,\

36

the phr,rsc "thc tolvers o1:

Nirrrrirn": thc first elcmcut N/rzr-

= Nimri'Elves'.

Nimroth:).3u1 S2j
nain * Elf-fiiend'.

(<<

ri Arhazh r
= Q Ele ndi l (> > Nin truzir:). i(ii, -i8')

Nim

\26
N inr u.nr' Elf

(!

son

-lrric nc{', i n an - n i mr

Elcndil.

250, 290 n.(r0,

Als<>

jll9

uiir

Nitnrttzir.

S2(r

niph'foci': cl. nuplt. 426,437

nirltil'sirl". firr declension sec 4i6 Cf
Nf.'fH 'r'otrng' > (] zr.ri,r '\'oun!.1
f

name <rlthc soddcss

lVcs-sa

'vourh LR:J7tr-;1. 427.

nitltli

Ol>i. ol

)li,
.

;N nitlr

436

nitltil'girl' in "latcr, but

still prc-exilic, texts' , as opposetl to

Ol">i. uithul- or nitltlu- in thc older
tonguc. 4.i2

nitltlu ()bj. 'tf rtitbil'girl'; cp. Obi.

nithu l- (nitlthr-) orr declension charr

y-t. 436. 4)2

a.s
1-14

a pair,

n.ll

Ninrirt ln

;rrobablr,

Paee 21

d 'fiorn': a postpositiorr, as in Ertni

'fronr Eru' [C1. Q /.ro, N a 'fionr'
j. 429
inflcxion (in earlv vcrsiotr
trf qrnnrnrar): pl.6tn [Ci. Sprokcn Q
g.ss. inflcxion -a, Book Q -r) I 43ti
Drr Genirivc pl. inflcxion (in elrlt, r.crsion o1:Ad. srrmurar); sg. ; iCf. Q
u.pl. inflexiort -an; Q"old paltitive"
-ott < .ta + pl. nt t.R:,](il1. 438
l-lt:-](,0

(ierritivc

sg.

Iosltlil-hullashl 'Falline Water',

qrcat

on Ellor Eshririz.cl (<<

Oshiil-hiila ). Scc Dnlud dirnnut,

vu'arcrfall

Esltil climzor, Eshil hrila. 199, 200

*'Fallins \,X"arcr'r in thc B

LOsltiil-hula I
tcxt nanlc of thc grc,rt rl,aterf:rll on
Errrl>crii (tr on Ellor Eshririz-cl).
Errrcrrdcd rc Oshul-lziilli;sh in flnal

rext. Sce Drtlud dintran, Esltil

dirnzor, Eshil hiila.21u n.48

i ririr'kitdler' in Ghnilniiir. girnlu-

ruifir. 428
lN/e7l I 'Moctn'l tirrm desccndcd fiorn pz?'hand' (pl. pnil .*pn3n < PA3. Also
Mlu tn a "l:rtcr languagc". See also
p,i. 416. 12(t
*pa.ia'hztnt|, o]dcr firrrn > pa. 42(>
l{il. U;r, Yr. 30(t
Trrll/o sl )a(1c . )u l)J. ()l n u I u ilr dga rrl t trt o. pni Pl. of pZ 'hand'. 42ri
.)I:

nulu 'ilte dark.

pbarnz

Ll

j 'the opcr-r sca' (>> azar'sea').

.shade' (rvith an evil

i05
se rrsc): Sr.rbj. nill6 in trgamitl| lCf .
'gold' in Ar-Pltarazht.
1tltaraz i:l
Q nulla 'dark, dusky, obsculc'
Ill:i92

LI{:3761. i0(,
Niimendr Adaptation ol Q Nilruenor.

pharnz I t)' iltc

open se2r + stcrn irl- 'love. dcv<;-

tiorr';

343

Nintendr?'Wcste rnessc , adaptation of

Qi\himndrt;.3+3

nfipb'l:ool' fbr c{ccle nsion scc 438. Sce

als<>

Pharniir *'Sca-lovct'',

rt-tplt. 437, 438

nupl)Ar'p^rcnr' dtal nuplrfut ICf. NO,

()rr-O'beger' l-l{:37u1. 134 n.l l

42(>:

<

- Q Eareulil.

Enrenc{ed to

AzrubEl < Az4r'sea' and t[r.: stern

bel-. -tos
pltazan 'princc': fbr declcnsion see 437,
'ipltel *'wcrttrtn' in Ar-Zinu'apbel. =
Q
-(i )cl.

Vinyar Tangutar #25

Pase 22

p/ntrrusint 'fl<lv' (<< phurusam

September 1992

>>

isni-b?tb '.rssenr (pr<,b. < bvtlt'snting,

pltursd 'guslr. to gush' in dtt-pltursa (<<

sAi-batb-ma'n,ith asscrlr' (..

rvrrrd'). in srti-b?tb-md. llr.. J+-

phursa).311

plturnrint).

sob?tbutna). Cl. ;'rost1'ros. -ma. t\t.

4)., 247

phurusant 'fl,l1v' (>> p/.rr rntsitn). .ll1

piilt'l>readt' firr declcnsion see 4il-1.

lCi

Q pusrdlt('bkr'"r'iug' lr.1(.:21i]

R
1-t7.

SAPAD).421
saJpan' wise-nran, rvizard' s1-rol<en firrnr

Q.fil,use.

raba'd<>g': firr clcclcnsion sce 4:i7.4i'i

l.

ajtt

Sapda'i.

fbrnr of rab6,

q.v. 43fi
rnb?'l'',ircl't' . cont. raba'rlog' + fcur. i)
4,l4 n.l l, 4jtl

rrtbi PI. <tf rnbn'dog'. 437. 1-3t'i

spoken

> s/lpiltAil, spoken as saJpdn (<

SAPFIAD'undcrstand').

saJpin.

0r ra h-'6rertk'

rdhi-nant 'benr-ere' (>> hbll'1. tCf- Q

ra

ika'

cr<><>ke

d, bcnt, lvronq' LI{:38.}

312

ir6tb'foan' in Rithhtzil. [Cf. R()Sr

'distil, drip' > N ririsr 'rain' in
Celebros'Silvel Rain, Silvcr Foan.r'
t.l{:384l

421

c1.v. 360

,tttrt'rro' Lll.i49l.

-sr Alternatc firrm of dat. -s in crrly

vcrsion of qramntar. 4-lll

iS/tomonil Rar.ner's name firr the planet

Saturrr (<< GyiiriichilA. Replaced
l'>v Enchiil. 12 ln.(ro
j's/'on' in aval|i-si 'Porvers on' in AFI;
cithcr rr postpositiort, or d:rt. pl. c:r.sc
cnc{ing (see dat. sg. -r, -se, pl. -sim )
iCF Q loc. sg. -rr'/ '.rt, orr, in' irr
liltnessa 'on the hour' RS:J14. short
loc. pl. -is in cirytrtis, /assrr' on Plotz
dcclcnsion chart. 1,7# 6 p. l4).

Ritltinzil'Florver of thc Foanr'. ship of

Azrab\l (Ealcndil); = Q l/iuga hit[. -simPl. ol'dat.
Also callccl Vingalore, Wingal|tE,

421

saptltAn'\\,isc-nran, r.vizard' (< r sapltdin

< SAPHAD'understand'), spokcn as

bo' dr>g' (rrrale) < earlict ra bau (c<tnt.

satta'two' lCf. Q
rabn + ntasc. u). 434 n. l I, 438
428
m lehhatfi 'br ctke assundcr' (>> u ra lt/ta ta
Sdkkdnt(' rcnt' 24(r,
N4C:22J1. i11. J12

sabda (< SAPAD).

sapbd7n'tvise-nra n. ',r,iz-arcl' olde r fbrrn

ra

,, yuralttarn) tcf. Q

421
*

rrt batt' d<>g' (rnalc), earlier

>> urahtn

of Sapda (<

of sttpthirt. 421
'isc[a1*'c.rast, s]rorc' in.4r-5a hahb|r,

4)6.4.)t-)

n.1

sabda '?'. spoken fornr

-s, -sr

in carlv vcrsion of

qrurnrnar. 43fl

+sib?th 'rsscr)r. (prob. < &?rf 'vryirrg,

ruhh'shovt'.4)6
S
-s Dativc sg. case cndinq (in early versiorr of gremrrlar) in ugrus', pl. -sim.
Scc ,rlternate -sa. ICl. Q dativc -r in
-ylr'to whonr'l\4(l:215, short loc. sg.
-s in c it'l,,zs,rz.\'Jc.r or.l Plotz declensi.rn
chirrt. \/T # 6 p. 141. a3s

rvorcl ), rr sooetll u rntt \> > T stt k oetlt ).

sd bEth mfi 'assent-rvith', instrunrental
lr)llLxl()n oI lsooetlt \>> sat-oetl|-

nra).

Jtl

siila 'ttrntp', trorrorved < Q hydla

"Nirnrien"

111,A

lA.

<

t,l

sultmt 'nvtst' , borrowed < Q tyrrltnrt

"Nirrrrian" kytthuna. 4l')

<

Vinynr Tcngttar #2)

Septernber 1992

Pase 23

trrtdo tlten {()nccJ. ()ncc . Ll. ldo tltt\\'

a-'lrc' (.3U or ?lJ),inubnllaba, urchhil,

t ra litttttt, urahta, usapltda. x$nptba.
Cl'. lttr-.411, iJ-l--i rr.-ri AfHx uscd finalll' to rnark ualc settcicr (sex), as in learbi'sta]lion' <
lzarnb'ht>rse' fCf-. Q masc. suflix -z

-l'A'thrtt', dctttonstrauve sterll

lcf.

l l{:.i,991. tp.,217

tamar'st't'titlt'; firr declension sec 4.16

[Ct'.QTarnar, a rtatrc oiAule in the
Losr Tales < TAI\,{A 'srnclt, firrge'
I.l'l:2501 4-16
tarik' plllar' in n inn l - t1rik. M imrl- tirik.
r

Miuul-Tarile fcf. Q tira 'l<>Fw'

l.R:Jtj'). tarnra'pillar' S:3{i4]. 241,
24e.429
fi ri hnt' Lw* o ?t I la rs', Norrn,

as

in

'rrastcr

y'teru

LR:J(r4j 4-15

v.s.

irrl

n.li

udilbanim'fell' (>> dubbudant) lCf.

DLlll'lic, lic hcarr'. loour,

han.q or.ct'

oppre.sivelv (.rf clouds)' l.R:.15

d

tal

<>[

tiri h.

'lady'

5 ].

al:
zrg'r"rr'shadow, dall<' (in an evil sense), in

430

lTarhnliott ) = Q Tar-Cnlion. 34(,

Teleel "'land' in Tekel-Islttar, TehelMirim. 20i. )22 n.67
Tehel-Ishtar*'land of crvstals', in the A
tcrt narne of a world secn b)' R.tt-t.t,
enrcnc{ecl rc Te he l-11[i rin. 2)). rt.67 :
207

Te/tcl-Mirhn *'land of crystals', a rvorld

sccrr b1' Ramer (<< Tehel-Ishtar).
See'i' nt

irim.

207

: 22) n.67

-rlr Affrx "ofien met ir-r fenrinincs", as

nfitb'6lrbv eirl' < I,IIYI'snra]l'. 4:7
i tltin/'lttnd in Ama ttbini.

thdni 'r,:a.ln. lanc.l' in Amin-thani,

ugru-da lad. ugn

di-.

tt gnrs. fp.,

247,

30('

ug"uda- 'ovcrshadou", cited rts an exarrrplc of a Dcrivativc verl-t: < ugru

'shadorv. darl<'. 4,t')

ugru-dakd'sh,rdorv bcneath, shadorn

rrrrdcr', < tlgnt+ posrpos. dalad. fp.,
:4./
ugrus 'Itt>rror, shrrdoq,', dativc sg. of
ttgru fctll<twing preposition dalad
unclct'. Jl I
IUir' ] 'Sun'. firrtrr .lcsccttd.d ll',rrrr Uli
in a "lirtcr lansuase". Sec Nil, Njul,
!l

Yr. 306

Aminbani,
Amit-tbani,
An rrttth,h i. Also THANI, tltir ti. 420,

u.kallnbn 'fell' (rvith pronon. prcfix rr'hc'), < KALAB'[rll'. +:')

{-t)

ukl6b. uhliib, ulehntba'?'. r':rriants

n. | 4

i tb6n*'rntltitudc,

Zinratltht,

large nunrbcr'

inr4r-

hosttz.

i tb6r*'-t>ne,lorci' in,4r-Sa baltltbr,

-(i )on

l)

I titbal*'pillar' in LIetrcl-Til.bnl, Mertil-

T,nbal[Ci. N /o6o'cover, rttof ovcr',

tobas

'r<tothg' LR:5021. 363,

37 |

trubel *ptllar' in Menel-tuhel. 3Q2

itubil*'pillar' in Menel-tilh;l. -Jo2, 30\

<

KULUB 'roots', c1.v. 425

-zr Subj. sg. suffix in masc. nouns. 4i0.
436

unahhha 'he-carne' (r.vith prononr. prrcllx z- 'he'), < NAKH 'conre, npploach' (<< yaddn << unehhi <<

hwrchbi).
un e h h

ii'

he - c

aLr

fp., 247, 312

r

e' (u,i tl-r

p ro r-ro n

r. ;', ref ix

u-' he' ) ;cl. NAXH'conte, approach'

(<< hunehlefi : >> u.nnhhba). 311.

ll2

l/iny,zr Tangu,ar #25

Paqe 24

September 1992

urahltata'brokc assundcr'' (wirlr

w.

prorronr. prefir z-'hc') (.<< mhhltatfi

WiilgiIot?'ltc Fo:rur-fl.,rl e r'', Ear. rrdil's

: >> uraltta) . 31)
slripr: adapration of Q Wittg'lita (>>
ura/tta 'broke assurtder' (r,r,ith pfononr.
'he')
(.. trahbnta ; >>
ViugalotE). 342, 3i6 n.1
prrctix rryurulttant)._312
ir?'srrrr'; scc Ur7. 4)6
urgt'iet'nalc bcar', . rrrzg'trcar' + fctn.
iya- *'thcr,' (u,ith ner.rt. su[>ject) in
/fsutnx -/. 4-:)) n. l .)
yalealubim. yanfrhhin.
0,,i'Tl-r.- Ladl of the Sun'. fem. pr'rsonyadda *'wcnr' irr AF2 (.<< rtnahhha: >>
:rlizcd firrnr of'neut. zTrZ '.sun'. Sec

1ri

unahhbn).3t2

q [t,

t.ir;. LTri n ki. IJr tucn

yndda r'wcnr' irr .AF2 (>> alndda). 3lz
'the Sun' l.'f i:2rl; (lR 'bc hot' >
Q
yahalubim 'lrhcy] lc,rn over', *'lthcyl
LTritt 'rbe Fiery', narle .rf the Surr
arc filling' (rvith pronorrr. prcfix
ICl.

l.l1:45.11.42('

{.7ri'Sun'. Sce Ur7. .10(,

Urid' nx>untains' ICf. ()R()'l''heighr,

>N

nrcrutrtain'
LR:i791. 2t

orutl'tt'tout.ttltin'

iirinTl(uu,)at'sun aud moon , dual oi

crrrrrgrrrnd Fr<trn Cfi'Sun' + A/ii7
'Moorr'. Sec ilriyat. tfilo. 428

iriyat'snn and u-toon', actually dtral of

Un'Su"'

orrlr'. rvith Ml7'Nl,rttn'

urrdersto<rd; cf . irinTlfutu)ltt. 428
unrg'beer'. 426

uruh 'orc, goblin'; lor dcclcnsion scc

$6 lCf. OROK > Q orko'soblin',
Dor. tuth, Dan. urc LR:i79]. 43(r
usap/tda'be un derstood' (r.r,ith ;rronon'r.

prcfix z- 'h"'),

SAPHAD'utrdcr-

stand'. Rerrrod clled lorn of rcaptlta.

Cf ..sapltlan. 421
usflptbd. 'hc understood' (rvith prolrom.

prcfix a- 'h"'),

-i1a-'thcv'), < KALAB'fall'.

prr)ilcll . if I
C)r-ir:inal
forrn olr pl. inflcxion (also
17
, air.
I
l,)
rl5 il) Erelr, ntntroJt lLI.
.yr. .yr,

PQ pl. suffix -7 as in *bal-i'Ytiar'

l.R:3i01. 424. 429

,Jro tttt tn lozayan.
Yozayan'CiFr-land. Land of Gifr', <'l'y6
+ ziyan. Also Y6ziyan. (<<

Attarziyin).

fp., 241. 247, 38s Sr 2

[7r'] 'Sun', lbrrn ticsccrrdctl lr.rrrr Uri irr

:r "later language". Scc Nil. NTil
Uir.306
'iyzt- 'dtey' (rvith m:rsc. subject) in
yur"alttam.

ytrabtnn'thev rent, brokc'.

SAPHAD'untlcr-

fp.. 247

stand'. Often rerrrodclled to

usapbda. Cf. sapiltttn <'sapbdau.

zaltntltttn'hunrblec{'. tp., 21i.

4:l

zadan'ltouse': for declcnsion

'i35 n.l

V
l'h t ga I o t?' ilt c Foar

r r

- fl

shipr adapration

:;t

yanfihlthn 'ltheyl arc at hrrnci',.'ltlrc.u-l

are cornins' (rvith pronom. prefix
iya- 'they'), < NAKH 'cornc, aL)-

i.

3I

sec 430,

4-30

zadnat Norrn. durl of zadan'hotsc'.

orvcr',

of Q

rr

rcnd

l'.s

l,/ingrlor.

llingiltiti: (<< Wingal6ti). l5ti n.l

1-)0.431

izagar *'svvcrrd' in Ar-Belzagar,

Gintilzagtr. Probrrbly related to the
vcrb nzgard-'waqc war .

Septernber

t222

I!11ryT,:nqunr #)5

zZirr'larrds' (<'ztiyirt. pl.

Zigfirur t'Wizard', Subj. ol Zigfi r, nanc

ol- zi.vnn).in
trf Sauron. lp., 247.250. ll I
tzrd-zAi,t. N*, :iitt.41.i, .11'). .1.i5
n.l4
!zhnrn *'icrvcl' tn Ar-Zitnraphel, ArZimratltirt 1= Qtnrrc. -tnir.
zrirr'r-cerning' < ZIR 'lovc, dcsilc'. 4fj
zZira 'longins. longirrg (is)'. Subi. of Zingil Rantcr's n:Intc firr the planet
\rcnus, celled "cl.rtrd-blight". Pcrzlr''r'earning' . Sec zaint. fp., )4i
haps firrnr the sarnc b;rsc as zzzl
zaira'?'. < ZIR'loi.c, desire'; probably
'fcnrale ' plus a fcnrininc sr.rfllx (lol i
irr error lor zaira, sincc in thc flnal
anc-l /us fe'rnirrine vorvcl rrnd cons,r:lranrnrar ai > 7 and znira wttuld >
*z?ra.423
rrrrnr cft u12;). Scc Gonnok. 2t\5
'?',
Zamht
an old womAn in tlrc selvicc zitti 'ientalc' fbr declension sec 4.17.
zir *'fr"iend' or -'fiie nds'? (< ZIR 'lovc,
,rf Erendis. (lT:194
'l'zrin *'lover, friend' in Arltazirt,
clesire'). Thc statcurent "Thus llasc
ZIR'lovc, <iesire' produccs both z7r"
Nirtntzirt.
rurd zir" implics a sernantic distinczayan 'land' it Abarziyan, Yozayan.
tion bcnveen these nvo fblms, 1.erAIso ziyan : pl. zi irt . See 'i' zen. 12)
hap.s sg. and pl. 42,)
'zayln'lands', oldcr firrnr <t[ zu4in,pl. ot
z7r *'fiicnd. lover' (< ZIR'lovc. dcsirc'),
znytlil larr(] . 4:J
in art-nimrttzir, Ap/tanuzir.
z?'at' fCf. Q locative inflcction -sse'at,
NimnaVr, Pltara.iir. Also air lCf.
on. in'1. 429
'i'zen'land. realnt' in Zen'nabir,
(] srrflix -srr'fiicnd', serno' fricnd'
Zem t

itbir, Zen'nam,in. Probably

cogrratc widt ziyan.

Zen'nabkr'rl'tc Land of Gift' <'lzen+ 'n

+ 'i'ahir (<< Zenn'abir;

Abarziyan. i78 S12,385

z7r'Zr'thc trelovcd, bcloved', < ZIR'love,

ocsil'c . tp., :+'
'1'z6r *'t-oam, spray' in Ar-Gimilzir,

Ginilzor, hnrazbr.

S47

bir' rbc Land of G ifi'

+ 1'abir (<< Amnrthin|;

Zeun'a

l.R:ls5l. fp.. 423

<

1' zen + i t

aa-r7

Zenitab,ir. i78 \\12

Zen'nrtntin 'Land of Anin' (i.e. of -i3u
Manrvd), thc Blessed Rcrlnu . f:at,
+ 'n + Antirt. iBO Sl6, -185 S47

izidar'poise' in Minal-zidar.

199, 200.

2l U n.48

zigfir'wiz-:;rd', firr declension scc 4i7.

Givcn its use as a nunre t,f Saurotr
(cf . Zigilr), this word probabll,has
:rn

'nursc'; firr dcclcrtsion see 438.

>>

cvil senscl colrtrast sapiltdn'w'iz-

ard', lit. *'hc u,ho understauds'

<

SAPI{AD'understand'. 437
Zigfir'Wizard', naurc of Sauron. Also
Zigitr. As cornnlon noun, scc zr.11z7l'.
17, 2i0, 257 -8. 345, 353, 36-l

Bases

u-'he'.

Sce

t?u, iHLJ. 4)3-4

?lR 'onc, alonc'. 4-12

l?tJ > rr- 'he'. Sce t-lLI,

iHU.

n.7

43-t-4 n.7

AK(A)[AB(A) Cited (rvith (A)KALBA) as

stlnclarc{ arrangenrcnt of basic sterr-r
in triconsonantals. 4 1 fi

(A)r$LBA cited (w,ith RrlR)tAB(A))

as

standard arrangement oF basic stcnr

in tricons<>rtanrals. 4l u
AMAN > Antti.tt. nanre oiManrvi. 420

ANAK, ANKA < NAKA.422

ASAD > Asdi, azda.4Zt

Vinyar Tangutar #25

Page 26
ATLA Citcd (rvith TAL(A))

ilrrangcnlcnt

as standard

rtf [tesic stcltr

in

ts'I.JLllB > hulu6'roots, editrlc vcqctublc.s

that arc roots nor fiuits' ,112, 423,

triconsonantals. 4I8

425, 430

BITH'say'.41(r
DA "Formative prefix" in DA-GMIL,
DA.KLUB. DA-NKA.422
DA-GMIL < GIMIL.422
DA,KLUB < KULUB.422
DA-NKA < NAKA 422
DA\7AR > diur 'sloorn'.423
GAIMAL. GEI\,IIL, GIN4'L, GIMAL,
GIMEL, Variants < GIMIL. 425, 434

n.l0
GIMIL> girnil'stars.

September 1992

KLILUBU Probal.rly

a disallorved
KULI.JB. 422
KL:Y > hau.y- > kQ,. h6i.424

"Nimrian base"
MIYI'small'.427

NIMIR'shine'. 416
-NKA < NAKA.422

'he'. See t?u, t3li. 4,\3-4 n.7

r Base of pronominal stem for'she '. 4.15
> ltu.-

IGIML, IGMEL, IGMIL VariaIIts

>

SAPHAD'understand'. 41(t. 421

TAL(A) Cited (rvith ATLA) as standard

arrar)genlcnt.rt b,rsic stcnr in

biconsonantals.4IB

THANI > tbini 'realm'.

KATAB'fill'.416
.?'

heu,,

h?u. 424

-KLLIB, KUL'B, KULAB, KULBA,

KULBI, KULBU, KULIB Variants
KULIJB. 422,423,425

<

420

of plonominal ste m firr'he'. 4J5

UKLUB. UKULB, UKULBA Variants <
KULUB. 422,125
UKULBU Probablv a disallowed forrn <
er

KARAB > harab 'holse'.4l5

4I i
KIV By fbrtification , leaiu, ,

pA 'hand'.4t6
SAPAD > Sapda.421
PA3

<

GIMIL. 422,42i

KIRIB

lv{FlNF.l.. 414

NAK- < NAKA. 422

NAKA'?' 422,423.430
NAKH 'come , appr{rach'. 416
NAKI, NAKI' < NAKA.42.]

the stals ofheaven,

< GIMIL. 422, 423.421

<

MINIL 'heaven, skv', cognate n'ith

all the stars to be seen'. 425

GIMILLA. GIMLA, GIMLI. GIMLU,
GIMMIL, GIMUL, GMIL Variants

tHtJ

firrrl

Base

KULUB.422
YI Pl. inflexion. 424

ZIR'love, desire'.

423

l/i n1'zr Tengtt,,ar #25

Septernber 1992

Page 27

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Bihliograph ical Abbrcviarions

H 'l lr Hobbir
I Tha Fellotuship oft/te Ring
lI Tltc Ttuo Tcuuers
III Tl,t Rnttnr of rfu lr'irtq
Road Goes Euer Ort
R I'/.rt
S 'l'lte Silm,trillion
UT Lhqfinisl.ted Talcs
L Tha Ltrters of'J.R.R. Tolkien
\1(. I/,t' tlloustcr.r atul tlt (.ririts
I"'l'1

Ll'2

7'l,t Rook of Lost'l'ale;, I\trt One

'l
hr Rook of Lost'l-alet, Part Tiuo

\,'irr1,:v

l'g11*'rr

is

pndural

by

LB Tltt La.ys of Belarianl

SM 'l lr Shaping of Alildk-etrth
LR Tha Lost Road
TI

R.S

The Rarunt o.f-tl,e Shadou,

Thc Treason oJ'Iseny,arr/

Vr'R

lir<,

\\hr

of tlte Ritry

SD Srturon Dtfeatad
QL Tlte Qenya Lexicort, App. LTl & 2
GL Tl,t Gtutmish Lexicott, App. LTl C 2
Er Tlr Er.ynologits, inLR

t/'t aditu'ott

au Applc

tr!,u'innJt Il

parsoruil cotttpurrr

AIironfr \Ybri 5.0 dttl ,4/&u Pagr'fuIt*tr 4.2.

\af is yr iu tln,,4lohr (;dnnntd Postsnipt t.tpel,nc, nutl printtd on mt

usitrc a LaCir Sih'crsutlt rr.tnno',

NEL'Si/untnitt'2 fufultl

')() Iina

frirth1.