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Slide 1
Number of blades
Airfoil characteristics (lift, drag, angle of zero lift)
Blade planform (taper, sweep, root cut-out)
Blade twist distribution
Compressibility effects
Slide 2
Slide 3
BET Model
Slide 4
BET Model
Slide 5
BET model
The relative inflow angle:
Slide 6
BET model
The incremental lift per unit span:
The incremental drag per unit span:
Or in quantities parallel and perpendicular to the
rotor disk plane:
Slide 7
BET model
We can then calculate the Thrust:
The Torque
The Power
Remember Nb is the number of blades
Slide 8
BET model
And we can relate all three with Cl and Cd
Slide 9
Slide 10
Basic Equations
The expression for Thrust, Torque and Power are:
Slide 11
Nondimensional form
r=y/R
UT/R= y/ R=y/R=r
And the thrust, torque and power coefficients
already defined:
Slide 12
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Slide 16
Approximations
With certain assumptions and approximations it is
possible to find closed form analytical solutions.
The solutions are important because they serve to
illustrate the fundamental form of the results in
term of operational and geometric parameters of
the rotor
Lets the assume a rectangular blade c=const.
From the definition =const. too.
Slide 17
Thrust approximation
From the Steady linearized aerodynamics:
We can consider
constant without serious loss
of accuracy
Lets also assume symmetric airfoils 0=0
We can then write:
Slide 18
Untwisted Blades
For a blade with zero twist =const.= 0.
Lets also assume uniform inflow velocity, as
assumed in the momentum theory =const.
The Thrust coefficient can be written as:
Slide 19
Uniform inflow
Lets use the result from the momentum theory
So the thrust coefficient is:
Slide 20
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Slide 23
Power approximations
We have seen that the incremental power
coefficient (that is equal to the torque coefficient):
Remembering that
Slide 24
Power approximations
Therefore the total power:
Slide 25
FM for BET
Slide 26
Or
Typically
0.8.
Helicopters / Filipe Szolnoky Cunha
Slide 27
FM is maximized if
Helicopters / Filipe Szolnoky Cunha
is minimized
Slide 28
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