Lab 1: Computer Hardware and operating System

Lab 1: Computer Hardware and Operating System

Objective
This lab will introduce the different parts of a computer, the operating system, MS DOS
commands and Windows commands and shortcuts to perform different tasks.

Description
Components of a computer system

Hardware
Software
Data
Users

Computer Harware
Input devices: Those parts of the computer that translate data into a form the computer can
process.
Output devices: Those parts of the computer that provide results of computation to the person
using the compute
Software
Software is any program that runs on a computer
Data
Data is the useful information that stored and processed in the computer.
Users
Those person who uses od operates the computers are called users.
Operating systems:
An operating system (OS) is a software program that manages the hardware and software
resources of a computer.
performs basic tasks, such as controlling and allocating memory,
prioritizing the processing of instructions
controlling input and output devices

facilitating networking
managing files
Examples of operating Systems for personal computers include Microsoft
Windows, Mac OS (and Darwin), UNIX, and Linux.

MS DOS Commands:
Starting DOS Shell

Click start
Go to run
Type cmd.exe
Hit Enter

Examples
DOS commands:
Open DOS shell by the procedure mentioned above.
If someone wants to view the content of the current directory then he will
simply type dir and press enter. All the files and folders in the current
directory will be displayed.
Similarly to create a directory or folder in the current drive or directory, one
should type
md directory_name and press enter. A new directory will
be created in the current drive or directory.
Keyboard shortcuts for Windows:
There are many shortcuts of Windows that are very helpful.
First of all click on Computer icon visible on desktop. Now press Alt and
F4 from the keyboard simultaneously. This command will quit that windows
explorer.
Similarly to open a new Windows explorer Screen press window logo and E
simultaneously from the keyboard.

Lab Tasks:
Implement following commands and write the behavior of
the command and attach print of screen where required
Some common DOS Commands
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dir
md directory name
del
dir directory name
rd directory name"
copy c:\windows\winhelp.exe c:\sana
format drive_name
Time
ipconfig
netstat
Ping
dir /s windows
cd windows
cd\
ver

Some basic Keyboard short cuts

F1

CTRL+ESC

ALT+TAB

ALT+F4

SHIFT+DELETE

Windows Logo+L

CTRL+SHIFT+ESC

Windows Logo+R

Windows Logo+M

Windows Logo+F1

Windows Logo+E

Windows Logo+F

Windows Logo+D

Windows Logo+TAB

Windows Logo+Break

TAB

ENTER

F6