Jedm 2011 02

FEBRUARY 2011
Vol. 34, No. 2
Protecting
Ground
Vehicles
Also in this issue:

EW in the Middle East
ITTs advances in providing the next generation of aircraft survivability equipment

are another example of our constant commitment to the warfighter. This year, we
took our next generation of IRCM solutions beyond simulation, successfully flight
testing a fully integrated IRCM system on service aircraft in operational scenarios.
By taking aircraft survivability to the next level, ITTs IRCM joins a six-decade heritage
of force protection leadership in electronic warfare. To learn more, please visit www.es.itt.com.
Protecting lifelines with the next

generation of IR defense.
ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS
GEOSPATIAL SYSTEMS
INFORMATION SYSTEMS
ITT, the Engineered Blocks logo, and ENGINEERED FOR LIFE are registered trademarks of ITT Manufacturing Enterprises, Inc. and are used under license 2010, ITT Corporation.
February 2011 Volume 34, Issue 2
The Journal of Electronic Defense | February 2011
News
EW in the Middle East
The Monitor
15
US Army EMARSS Award Contested.
With its rich resources and increasing defense

needs, the Middle East offers both significant
challenges and opportunities for the electronic
warfare market.
Washington Report
24
SECDEF Clarifies IO Policy.
World Report
26
Jordan Acquiring Ground-Based EW System.
Features
Protecting Ground Vehicles
28
Tom Withington and John Knowles
Traditional ground vehicle protection has

focused on armor, but as threats have evolved,
so has the need for new technologies. Todays
ground vehicle market is on the brink of a new
era in self-protection.
On the cover: Photo courtesy US Army.
40
Martin Streetly
Departments
6
8
10
12
50
53
55
56
57
58
The View From Here

Conferences Calendar
Courses Calendar
From the President
EW 101
AOC News
AOC Membership Page
AOC Industry Members
Index of Advertisers
JED Quick Look
RFSimulation@Herley.com
www.Herley-MSI.com
B9 Armstrong Mall, Southwood Business Park, Farnborough, Hants, GU14 0NR, UK
the view
f ro m h e re
MIDDLE EAST
RISING
L
ater this month, the Middle East will own the spotlight, as military
customers in the region and defense companies from around the world
converge on Abu Dhabi for the IDEX/NAVDEX show. The region has been
a top military market for the past 30 years or so. Historically, many of
the countries in the region have had the money to buy fairly sophisticated aircraft, ships and tanks, but they did not have the technical
expertise or the industrial capability to maintain them, let alone to design or
build them (Israel, Turkey and, to a lesser extent, Egypt being the notable exceptions). Up through the 1990s, most countries in the region were fairly content to
award turn-key defense contracts to Western or Russian suppliers. As a result,
the global defense industry grew used to the regions dependence on foreign
military equipment and services.
In the area of electronic warfare (EW), which is very demanding from a technical perspective, the regions dependence on foreign equipment and expertise has
been acute. Most military customers in the region have focused on training their
operational forces in EW. Until recently, however, few countries in the region had
the organic ability to collect threat signals and maintain threat databases for EW
reprogramming purposes. Most of the regions military customers have historically
depended on government-to-government agreements or EW equipment suppliers
to provide threat data and EW system reprogramming. In terms of manufacturing capability, no countries in the region (again, with the exception of Israel and
Turkey) manufacture EW systems domestically and just a handful have been able
to establish electronics companies that could build components for EW systems
(usually as part of an offset agreement with the foreign prime contractor).
In the late 1990s, the regions attitude began to change. This was in part because major acquisitions, such as the UAEs F-16 Desert Falcon program and the
countrys Mirage 2000-9 acquisition, set new standards for technology exchange
and follow-on support. Countries, especially in the Gulf region, began to look
at how they could become more self-reliant in terms of EW system ownership.
This policy depended on developing expertise within the military organizations
and cultivating EW technical skills within industry. Today, when a country buys
an airborne ESM system for instance, it typically wants an organic in-country
reprogramming capability and a support package that maximizes in-country EW
work content.
Achieving this degree of self-reliance is possible because EW companies have
listened to their customers needs and (perhaps of greater significance) cashstrapped Western governments began to see the regions countries as technology
partners rather than mere customers. It should be noted that this trend is not
unique to the Middle East. However, the regions strategic importance to the world
economy, its potential for instability and its growing economic power gives many
of its governments the ability to realize strategic national security goals such as
self-reliance.
The growing self-reliance exhibited by the region today represents a beginning. Its a humble start. But it is a trend that is likely to evolve in the coming
years. John Knowles
FEBRUARY 2011 Vol. 34, No. 2
EDITORIAL STAFF
Editor: John Knowles
Managing Editor: Elaine Richardson
Senior Editor: Glenn Goodman
Assistant Editor: Jon Pasierb
Technical Editor: Ollie Holt
Contributing Writers: Dave Adamy, Barry Manz, Luca Peruzzi,
Martin Streetly, Tom Withington
Marketing & Research Coordinator: Allie Hansen
Sales Administration: Esther Biggs
EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD
Mr. Tom Arseneault

President, Electronic Solutions, BAE Systems
Mr. Roy Azevedo
Vice President, Advanced Concepts and Technology,
Raytheon Space and Airborne Systems
Mr. Chris Bernhardt
President, ITT Electronic Systems
Maj Gen Bruno Berthet
Deputy Director for International Development, DGA, French MOD
Mr. Pierre-Yves Chaltiel
Senior Vice President, Solutions for the Government Sector,
Thales Aerospace
Lt Col Dean Ebert
Warfighter Integration, Aviation Weapons Requirements Branch, HQ USMC
Mr. Gabriele Gambarara
Elettronica S.p.A.
Mr. Tony Grieco
Former Deputy for Electronic Warfare, OSD
Mr. Itzchak Gat
CEO, Elisra
CAPT John Green
Commander, EA-6B Program Office (PMA-234), NAVAIR, USN
Mr. Ron Hahn
VP, EM Spectrum Strategies, URS Corp.
Mr. Micael Johansson
Senior Vice President and Head of Business Area, Electronic Defence
Systems, Saab
Mr. Anthony Lisuzzo
Director, Intelligence and Information Warfare Directorate, CERDEC, USA
CAPT Paul Overstreet
Commander, ATAPS Program Office (PMA-272), NAVAIR, USN
Mr. Jeffrey Palombo
Senior VP and GM, Land and Self-Protection Systems Division,
Electronic Systems, Northrop Grumman Corp.
Rep. Joe Pitts (Honorary Member)
US Congress, Founding Member, EW Working Group
Mr. Kerry Rowe
President and COO, Argon ST
Wg Cdr P.J. Wallace
Military Strategic Planning 2, International Policy and Planning, UK MOD
Mr. Richard Wittstruck
Chief Engineer, PEO Intelligence, Electronic Warfare and Sensors, USA
Mr. Walter Wolf
Chairman, JED Committee, AOC
PRODUCTION STAFF
Layout & Design: Barry Senyk
Advertising Art: Carrie Marsh
Contact the Editor: (978) 509-1450, JEDeditor@naylor.com
Contact the Sales Manager:
(800) 369-6220, ext. 3407, or (352) 333-3407
sales@crows.org
Subscription Information: Please contact Glorianne ONeilin
at (703) 549-1600 or e-mail oneilin@crows.org.
The Journal of Electronic Defense
is published for the AOC by
Naylor, LLC
5950 NW 1st Place
Gainesville, FL 32607
Phone: (800) 369-6220 Fax: (352) 331-3525
www.naylor.com
2011 Association of Old Crows/Naylor, LLC. All rights reserved. The
contents of this publication may not be reproduced by any means, in
whole or in part, without the prior written authorization of the publisher.
Editorial: The articles and editorials appearing in this magazine do not
represent an official AOC position, except for the official notices printed
in the Association News section or unless specifically identified as an
AOC position.
PUBLISHED FEBRUARY 2011/JED-M0211/5291
c ale ndar
c o nfe re n c e s
FEBRUARY
&
trade s h ows
MARCH
EW Modeling and Simulation

March 16-18
Las Vegas, NV
www.crows.org
Aero India 2011

February 9-13
Bangalore, India
www.aeroindia.in
Avalon 2011
March 1-6
Geelong, Victoria, Australia
www.airshow.net.au
Low Probability of Intercept

Conference
February 15-17
Monterey, CA
www.crows.org
Joint Electronic Attack Conference:

AEA Operations Supporting
Land, Sea & Air
March 14-15
Las Vegas, NV
www.crows.org
IDEX
February 20-24
Abu Dhabi, UAE
www.idexuae.ae
Dixie Crow Symposium

March 20-24
Warner Robins, GA
www.dixiecrow.org
APRIL
FiestaCrow 2011
April 11-14
San Antonio, TX
www.crows.org
LAAD Defence and Security 2011
April 12-15
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
www.laadexpo.com
MAY
IDEF 2011
May 10-13
Istanbul, Turkey
www.idef11.com
IMDEX Asia 2011
May 18-20
Singapore
www.imdexasia.com
AOC/Shephard EW 2011
May 24-27
Berlin, Germany
www.shephard.co.uk
8
JUNE
International Microwave Show
June 5-10
Baltimore, MD
http://ims2011.org
InfowarCon Europe 2011
June 13-16
Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany
www.crows.org
Paris Air Show
June 20-26
Paris-Le Bourget, France
www.paris-air-show.com
JULY
2nd RF EW Conference
July 5
Shrivenham, UK
www.craneld.ac.uk
AUGUST
MAKS 2011
August 16-21
Zhukovsky, Russia
www.airshow.ru a
AOC events noted in red. For more

information, visit www.crows.org.
510618_crane.indd 1
12/21/10 11:50:26 AM
A
U
S
A
it
43$ *OD All rights reserved.
5
#
CREW Duke
th
To find out more, visit www.srcinc.com/CREWDuke.
4PXIFOZPVSFJOUIFFME ZPVSCFTUQSPUFDUJPOJTSJHIUUIFSFXJUIZPV
t *OOPWBUJPOXPSUIZPGUIF"SNZT5PQ(SFBUFTU*OWFOUJPOT"XBSE
t .PTUXJEFMZFMEFE$3&8TZTUFN
t )JHISFMJBCJMJUZBOEPQUJNBMQFSGPSNBODF
t 4JNQMFPQFSBUJPOXJUINJOJNBMQPXFSSFRVJSFNFOUT
The IED threat is always there. And with CREW Duke, so is

your protection against it. Invented by SRC and manufactured
by SRCTec, this is a tactically superior, state-of-the-art
jamming system that gives you:
te
is
in
IED protection that

goes wherever you go.
c ale ndar
c o u r s e s
FEBRUARY
&
s e m i n a r s
MARCH
ELINT and Modern Signals

February 8-11
Monterey, CA
www.crows.org
SURVIAC ESAMS Training

March 1-4
Dayton, OH
www.bahdayton.com/esams
Digital Radio Frequency Memory

(DRFM) Technology
February 22-24
Atlanta, GA
www.pe.gatech.edu
Electro-Optic and IR Sensors

March 7-11
Swindon, Wiltshire, UK
www.craneld.ac.uk
IR/Visible Signature Suppression

March 22-24
Atlanta, GA
www.pe.gatech.edu
Introduction to Radar and EW
March 22-25
Alexandria, VA
www.crows.org
Modeling & Simulation of RF Electronic
Warfare Systems
March 22-25
Atlanta, GA
www.pe.gatech.edu
EW Modeling & Simulation

March 14-15
Las Vegas, NV
www.crows.org
Introduction to Intelligence,
Surveillance, Reconnaissance (ISR)
Concepts, Systems, and Test &
Evaluation
March 29-April 1
Atlanta, GA
www.pe.gatech.edu
APRIL
Fundamental Principles of EW
April 4-7
Alexandria, VA
www.crows.org
Basic RF Electronic Warfare Concepts
April 19-21
Atlanta, GA
www.pe.gatech.edu
Applied 21st Century Electronic
Warfare
April 19-21
Warner Robins, GA
www.crows.org
10
Essentials of Electronic Warfare

April 26-29
Crane, IN
www.crows.org
Directed Infrared Countermeasures
(DIRCM) Principles Course
April 28-29
Alexandria, VA
www.crows.org
MAY
Aircraft Combat Survivability Short
Course
May 17-20
Monterey, CA
www.bahdayton.com/jaspsc
JUNE
An Introduction to Command and
Control Concepts, Systems, and
Test & Evaluation
June 14-16
Atlanta, GA
www.pe.gatech.edu a
AOC courses are noted in red. For more

info or to register, visit www.crows.org.
490190_Emhiser.indd 1
9/1/10 9:58:07 AM
message
f ro m the p re s i d e nt
EW QRC AND
RETROFITS
FALSE
URGENCIES?
12
ontinued reliance on electronic warfare (EW) Quick Reaction Capability

(QRC) solutions and retrofits of worn-out systems continues to comprise
a very large share of EW programs around the globe. While these programs are essential to address immediate, rapidly evolving needs, either
because of something new an adversary is doing or to deal with the cost
of sustainment and affordability, is this really the best EW can provide?
I contend the answer is no, and the reason why is us and not technology.
Reflecting on this decades-long approach, it would appear that for the most part,
EW programs have been created in reaction to something an adversary has done
through the electromagnetic spectrum, such as emergence of radio frequency improvised explosive devices (RF IEDs), use of digital RF memories (DRFMs), increased
Integrated Air Defense diversity and density, wireless/mobile communications, etc.
No one can argue the value of EW QRC and retrofit programs. But they have become
the standard instead of the exception. Has this come at the price of innovation in
EW capability?
While EW systems may embody innovative technology, our community has never
developed a truly disruptive EW capability that has changed the battlefield in the
same way as tanks, planes and satellites. Why? Is it because we have evolved EW in
a piecemeal fashion, innovating too often through QRCs and retrofit programs? Is
this false sense of urgency to address yesterdays and todays EW crises preventing
the EW community from planning for the future of really developing something
that is more than a QRC response to a specific threat? Should the true urgency be to
develop EW capabilities that put teeth into an enduring (versus reactive) spectrum
of options for our national and military leaders? What is needed to make these options a reality?
Enduring EW options wont come from reactions or retrofits; they will only emerge
from a true sense of urgency that is focused by coherent EW doctrine, effective EW
policy and robust EW organization that is consistent from the highest levels of national leadership right down to the fight itself. A truly strategic plan for EW is needed to chart the course toward the goal of innovative, enduring sovereign options
that provide control of the electromagnetic environment. QRC and retrofits provide
rear-view mirror options. The true urgency has to be to focus the vision through
the windshield and chart the course with unique and distinct EW doctrine, policy
and organizations. Walter Wolf
Association of Old Crows

1000 North Payne Street, Suite 200
Alexandria, VA 22314-1652
Phone: (703) 549-1600
Fax: (703) 549-2589
PRESIDENT
Walter Wolf
VICE PRESIDENT
Laurie Buckhout
SECRETARY
Jesse Judge Bourque
TREASURER
David Hime
AT LARGE DIRECTORS
Michael Mick Riley
William Buck Clemons
Steven Umbaugh
Cliff Moody
Linda Palmer
Paul Westcott
Robert Elder
David Hime
Tony Lisuzzo
REGIONAL DIRECTORS
Southern: Wes Heidenreich
Central: Judith Westerheide
Northeastern: Nino Amoroso
Mountain-Western: Jesse Judge Bourque
Mid-Atlantic: Bill Tanner
Pacific: Joe JJ Johnson
International I: Robert Andrews
International II: Gerry Whitford
APPOINTED DIRECTORS
Robert Giesler
Jim Lovelace
Donato DAngelantonio
Thomas Metz
IMMEDIATE PAST PRESIDENT
Chris Glaze
AOC STAFF
Don Richetti
Executive Director
richetti@crows.org
Norman Balchunas
Director, Operations
balchunas@crows.org
Mike Dolim
Director of Education
dolim@crows.org
Carole H. Vann
Director of Administration
vann@crows.org
Shelley Frost
Director of Convention and Meeting Services
frost@crows.org
Kent Barker
Conferences Director/FSO
barker@crows.org
Glorianne ONeilin
Director of Membership Operations
oneilin@crows.org
Joel Harding
Director, IO Institute
harding@crows.org
Stew Taylor
Marketing and Exhibits Manager
taylor@crows.org
Jackie Kelly Lee
Conference Manager
kellylee@crows.org
Tanya Miller
Member and Chapter Support Manager
tmiller@crows.org
Jennifer Bahler
Registrar
bahler@crows.org
Keith Jordan
IT Manager
jordan@crows.org
Tasha Miller
Membership Assistant
tashamiller@crows.org
Electronic Warfare
The most important thing we build is trust
Electronic Warfare
Cobham's RF front-end products and technologies enable
our customers to provide the warfighter with advanced
Electronic Warfare (EW) capabilities in the digital battle
space: Electronic Support (ES), Electronic Attack (EA), and
Electronic Protection (EP).
Protection Surveillance Attack Battle Management
for ElectroMagnetic Spectrum Dominance
Pictured collage incorporates images courtesy of the U.S. DoD
Capabilities
RF Front-End Subsystems
Antenna Radomes
Active RF Components
Antennas/Arrays
Passive RF Components
Integrated Microwave
Assemblies
RF Receivers & Tuners
For further infomation on Cobham capabilities, please

contact us at sensorsales@cobham.com
www.cobham.com
*Others try, we succeed.

COMINT systems
from Rohde & Schwarz.
J
J
J
J
Comprehensive portfolio:
C4I-capable SIGINT solutions, from individual
components to complete system integration.
Over 75 years of market success:
project experience with all key partners worldwide.
In-house development and production:
attractive pricing and high flexibility.
Open interfaces:
perfect system integration.
www.rohde-schwarz.com/ad/Columbus/jed
Spain, 1493:
A group of Spanish nobles
claimed that anyone could
have discovered the New World.
So Columbus asked them to
make an egg stand upright.
No one could except him.
t he
monitor
news
US ARMY EMARSS AWARD CONTESTED

The US Government Accountability Office (GAO) could rule in
March on protests filed in late December by the three losing bidders
in the US Armys manned aerial
Enhanced Medium-Altitude Reconnaissance and Surveillance System
(EMARSS)
competition,
Defense
News and Flight Global reported. L-3
Communications, Lockheed Martin
and Northrop Grumman contested
the Armys selection of Boeing (St.
Louis, MO) on November 30 to deliver
US NAVY SCOPES JAMMER TECH

DEMO PHASE
Naval Air Systems Command (NAVAIR) released a request for information
(RFI) from industry seeking an estimate
of the level of effort required for a Technology Demonstration (TD) phase for
the Next-Generation Jammer (NGJ) program, a planned follow-on to the ongoing Technology Maturation (TM) phase.
The NGJ programs aim is to develop a
replacement for the venerable ALQ-99
external jamming pods currently used
on the Navys EA-6B Prowler and new EA18G Growler replacement aircraft.
four engineering and manufacturing development aircraft, with an

option for two more, as well as further options for six low-rate initial
production aircraft. Boeings initial
$88 million contract has a potential
total value of $323 million over 42
months. The Army could ultimately
buy more than 30 aircraft.
The Army specified the small
Hawker Beechcraft (Wichita, KS)
King Air 350ER twin-engine turboprop business aircraft (similar to the
NAVAIR awarded $42 million TM contracts last July to BAE Systems, ITT/
Boeing, Northrop Grumman and Raytheon that run until April 2012. Each
company is developing a system-level
concept demonstrator design and maturing critical technologies required to
support that design.
The planned TD phase will follow
Milestone A approval by DOD officials.
It will encompass fabrication and flight
test of a concept demonstrator by at
least two of the contractors, design
of a full-up system with a Technology
Readiness Level of 6, and a Preliminary
MARSS platform in the photo above)

as the EMARSS platform. It will be
outfitted by the winning contractor
with a suite of sensors, communications equipment and two operator
workstations. Its main sensor will be
a communications-intelligence (COMINT) payload, complemented by an
EO/IR camera providing day/night
full-motion video of areas on the
ground. EMARSS will provide direct
overhead support to Army brigade
combat teams. G. Goodman
Design Review of a final NGJ design.

Responses to the RFI from the industry
competitors were due January 18. The
NAVAIR point of contact is Mary Dodds,
e-mail mary.dodds@navy.mil, (301)
757-7083 G. Goodman
US ARMY EYES NEW SIGINT, HUMINT

VEHICLES
The Armys Communications-Electronic Research, Development and Engineering Centers (CERDEC) Intelligence
and Information Warfare Directorate
(I2WD) (Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD)
released an RFI last month to deter-
15
t h e
m o n i t o r
n e w s
mine the potential capability and sources for the design, fabrication, test and
delivery of Vigilant Pursuit systems in
a very short time period. The RFI identified two types of Vigilant Pursuit
systems: a Signals-Intelligence (SIGINT)
Tactical Pursuit Vehicle and a Human
Intelligence (HUMINT) Tactical Pursuit
Vehicle, which it said would be issued to
Multi-Functional Teams. Each system
would be housed on a Government-Furnished Mine-Resistant Ambush-Protected (MRAP)-All Terrain Vehicle (M-ATV).
Potential sources must be able to deliver
11 systems in six months or less.
The RFI said the SIGINT vehicle
must have the following types of
capabilities:
Cooperative and collaborative
operations with the HUMINT vehicle.
Secure communications for reporting,
situational awareness and off-board
analysis with three enterprise
domains (SIPR, NIPR, and NSAnet),
such as R3G node, VSAT, AN/PRC-117
and COMSEC equipment.
Collection and location of legacy and
modern communications.
Netted geo-location linked to the

HUMINT vehicle.
Connectivity to the Distributed
Common Ground System-Army
enterprise.
Manpack operations, including STG,
survey and collection operations.
A Counter Radio-Controlled IED
Electronic Warfare (CREW) system.
On board computing and storage.
The HUMINT vehicle must have the
following types of capabilities:
Cooperative and collaborative
operations with the SIGINT vehicle.
Secure communications for reporting,
situational awareness, and off-board
analysis with two enterprise domains
(SIPR and NIPRnet), such as R3G
node, VSAT, AN/PRC-117 and COMSEC
equipment.
Netted geo-location source linked to
the SIGINT vehicle.
CI and DOMEX reporting.
DOCEX and CELLEX.
Biometrics, CHARCS, HIIDE
capabilities.
Sense Through the Wall system.
360-degree Camera.
Manpack operations with HUMINT

systems.
A CREW system.
On board computing and storage.
Responses to the RFI were due by
February 3. The Solicitation Number is
W15P7T-11-R-H247; the point of contact
is Michael Gruen, email michael.gruen@
us.army.mil. JED Staff
USAF SEEKS RF INTERFERENCE

DETECTION INFO
The US Air Forces Space and Missile Systems Center (Los Angeles AFB,
CA) has issued a request for information to gather data about available
RF Interference (RFI) Detection Systems for use in supporting space system ground segments. The Air Force
is seeking systems with the capability to detect and identify individual
interference signals, record the data
and locate the direction of the interference source. It is interested in off
the shelf systems that can be operated in stationary mode using power
from a satellite ground station or
from a vehicle.
16
468322_grintek.indd 1
3/1/10 10:32:14 AM
t h e
m o n i t o r
n e w s
According to the request for information, the system should provide coverage for the following bands: SGLS Bands
(1755 MHz to 1850 MHz and 2025 MHz to
2110 MHz) and 2200 MHz-2290 MHz; Defense Satellite Communications System
(DSCS) X-Band (7 GHz to 8.5 GHz); GPS
L Band; Commercial SATCOM Bands; and
Land Mobile Radio (LMR) Band (100 MHz
to 420 MHz).
The Air Force will use the responses
from industry to assess the availability
of systems that meet its requirement.
Responses are due by February 15. The
point of contact is CAPT Ryan Goodwin,

(310) 653-1455, ryan.goodwin@losangeles.af.mil. JED Staff
IN BRIEF
Mercury Computer Systems Inc.
(Chelmsford, MA) has acquired LNX Corp.
(Salem, MA) for $31 million. Mercury
has been expanding its presence in the
EW market via programs such as JCREW
3.3 (as a subcontractor to ITT Electronic
Systems) and the Navys Surface EW Improvement Program (as a subcontractor to
Lockheed Martin), as well as in the SIGINT
Weve condensed
a l l t h e p owe r,
performance
and function of
our rack-mounted
amplifier systems
into a highly
18
compact package
Comtech, the industrys leader for solid
state, broadband, high power amplier
systems, oers a new line of compact
integrated systems for frequencies up to
6 GHz and beyond. These systems combine RF
and microwave components, such as LNAs,
High Power Switches, Limiters, Directional
Couplers, and Detectors, into a highly compact
package. These units can be congured to your
Model BME25869-35
2500-6000MHz
35 Watt Power Amplier System
exact needs and are ideally suited for many

defense applications. Contact us today with
your requirements and specs...well meet
your needs and exceed your expectations.
Comtech...Simply More.
"AYLIS2OAD-ELVILLE.9s4EL
&AX sWWWCOMTECHPSTCOM
491551_Comtech.indd 1
8/23/10 8:31:03 AM
ONR ISSUES EW TECHNOLOGY

SOLICITATION
The Office of Naval Research
(ONR) in Arlington, VA, has released
a Broad Agency Announcement
(BAA) for research into W-Band (75100 GHz) receiver technologies. The
ONR Discover and Invention effort,
simply titled, Electronics Technology (ONRBAA11-009), solicits proposals for efforts that will advance
and demonstrate science and technology for next-generation electronics and devices under the following
focus area: Low Noise, InterferenceTolerant W-Band Receiver Component and Chain Development.
As solid-state device technologies, such as Gallium Nitride
(GaN)-based High Electron Mobility
Transistors (HEMTs), have matured,
they have enabled development of
high-data-rate
communications
systems, active sensors and (eventually) electronic attack systems
that operate in the 75- to 110-GHz
frequency range. This is driving a
need to develop new receiver technologies that can also operate across
those frequencies. The frequency
band of interest is 75-110 GHz with
a minimum instantaneous bandwidth of 4 GHz, according to the
BAA. Preferred solutions will be
operable over the entire frequency
band of interest. Highly survivable
RF electronics approaches that minimize overall noise figure and maximize dynamic range will be shown
special consideration.
ONR plans to award up to three
study contracts valued at no
more than $1.5 million each for
the three-year research program.
White papers are due by April 7,
with follow-on invitations for selected oral proposals on May 19.
Following this, full proposals must
be submitted by June 30. Contracts
will be awarded in January 2012.
The technical point of contact is
Dr. Paul A. Maki (ONR Code 312), email paul.maki@navy.mil. The full
BAA is available at the ONR Website, www.onr.navy.mil. JED Staff
401)*45*$"5&%"11-*$"5*0/4
+"..*/(
$0..6/*$"5*0/4
$04*5&."/"(&.&/5
3&26*3&
401)*45*$"5&%40-65*0/4
.03&108&3
(3&"5&3#"/%8*%5)
-&44-044
4."--&31"$,"(&4
108&3$0.#*/&34%*7*%&34
):#3*%$061-&34
):#3*%+6/$5*0/4
%*3&$5*0/"-$061-&34
%&4*(/&%50.&&55)&.045453*/(&/5
01&3"5*/($0/%*5*0/4
8FSMBUPOF *OD
3PVUF
10#PY
#SFXTUFS /:
5
'
TBMFT!XFSMBUPOFDPN
XXXXFSMBU POFDPN
t h e
m o n i t o r
n e w s
ITT Corp. (White Plains, NY) has announced plans to separate into three
independent publicly traded companies. ITT Defense will be led by its
current president, David Melcher, who
will serve as CEO. At this time it is not
clear if the reorganization will have a
significant effect on the operations of
ITT Electronic Systems (where most of
the companys EW and SIGINT business
resides). According to an ITT official,
details will be worked out over the
coming year.
AAI Corp. (Hunt Valley, MD), a division of Textron Defense Systems, has
been separated into three distinct operating units. AAI Test and Training,
which includes the companys EW and
SIGINT business, will be led by Bob Peters. AAI Logistics and Technical Services will be headed by Diane Giuliani,
and AAI Unmanned Aircraft Systems
will be led by Steven Reid. Each will
be promoted to senior vice presidents
and general managers of their businesses, reporting to Fred Strader, Textron Systems president and CEO. All
three business units will continue to
be operated out of the companys Hunt
Valley, MD, facility.
Esterline Corp. (Bellevue, WA) has

acquired Eclipse Electronic Systems
(Richardson, TX) for $120 million.
Eclipse, which was started in 1993,
designs and manufactures ELINT and
COMINT receivers for a variety of SIGINT
programs.
Raytheon Company (Waltham, MA)

has acquired Applied Signal Technology Inc. (Sunnyvale, CA) for $490 million. Raytheon will integrate AppSigs
operations, including its SIGINT receiver product line, into its Space and
Airborne Systems business.
Niitek (Dulles, VA), a subsidiary of

Chemring plc in the UK, has won a $38.4
million contract from the US Army for
64 Husky Mine Detection Systems in
support of counter IED operations in
Afghanistan. Deliveries will be made
through October 2011.
market. LNX, which was partly owned by

Elettronica S.p.A., has also seen growing
sales in the EW and SIGINT market.
CORRECTION
The December 2010 JED incorrectly
listed Northrop Grummans products in
the EW Simulator Survey. The following
information is complete and up-to-date:
Manufacturer:
Northrop Grumman Amherst Systems
Buffalo, NY
(800) 631-0610
http://www.es.northropgrumman.com/
solutions/ceesim/index.html
Model: Combat Electromagnetic Environment SIMulator (CEESIM)
Purpose: RWR/Jammer/ELINT/COMINT
Testing and Training.
Freq/Spectrum: 0.002 to 42 GHz.
(Corrected information continues on page 22)
20
XJSFMFTTEFTJHO
EFWFMPQNFOU
POFTPVSDF
UIFDIBMMFOHF
%FGFOTF .FEJDBMBOE$POTVNFS&MFDUSPOJDT
JOEVTUSJFTOFFEDVTUPNXJSFMFTTTPMVUJPOT
GPSOJDIFFOWJSPONFOUT5IJTPGUFOSFRVJSFT
NVMUJQMFFOHJOFFSJOHEJTDJQMJOFTUPNFFU
QSPEVDUSFRVJSFNFOUT GPSDJOHNBOZ
DPNQBOJFTUPVTFNVMUJQMFQSPWJEFSTUPSFBDI
BTPMVUJPO
UIFTPMVUJPO
5FMJHZQSPWJEFTBDPNQMFUFSBOHFPGXJSFMFTT
EFWFMPQNFOUTFSWJDFTGPSEFNBOEJOHQSPEVDU
BQQMJDBUJPOT'SPNDVTUPNXJSFMFTTEFWJDFTUP
TPGUXBSFBOEDIJQTFUTVQQPSU PVSFYQFSUJTF
QSPWJEFTZPVXJUIBTJOHMFTPVSDFBOEBO
FMFHBOUMZQFSGFDUTPMVUJPO
t 4FDVSJUZDFOUSJDBQQT 5ZQF 81" FUD
t "EIPDNFTIOFUXPSLTPMVUJPOT
t $VTUPNSPBNJOHBMHPSJUINT
t 4NBMMGPSNGBDUPSFNCFEEFEXJSFMFTTTPMVUJPOT
t 8JSFMFTTEFWJDFESJWFSTBOEmSNXBSF
t -PXQPXFSQPSUBCMFNFEJDBMEFWJDFT
XXXUFMJHZDPN
512802_Teligy.indd 1
t 8JSFMFTTJOUFSPQFSBCJMJUZDPNQMJBODFUFTUJOH
1/19/11 11:35:56 AM
t h e
m o n i t o r
n e w s
RF Out: Direct, Antenna Coupled or

Radiated.
Number of Signals: From 128 to 8,192
active emitters.
Simultaneous Signals: up to 8,192.
Signal Dynamics: Angle of Arrival (AOA)
modeling including all combinations of
Frequency Difference of Arrival (FDOA)/
Differential Doppler, Phase, Amplitude,
and Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA).
Full 6 DOF dynamic motion for System
Under Test and all threat signals.
Programmable: Full emitter fidelity
including latest advanced threats. All
emitter signal parameters are user
programmable including frequency,
CW/PRI, pulse width, ERP, transmit
scan (type, motion, antenna), intrapulse modulation (frequency, phase,
amplitude), high fidelity intrapulse
modulation (<8 nsec cell size, simultaneous freq/amp, phase/amp, or
I/Q).
Power (W): Standard AC power for US or
international applications.
Size: Standard 19 rack(s). Portable versions in 3U or 9U high chassis.
Weight: Maximum 800 lbs per rack bay.

Portable version from 60 to 120 lbs.
Features: Number of RF channels:
1 to 64. Number of AOA ports: >128.
Simultaneous multi-sut stimulation,
automated
calibration/fault
test,
communication signal simulation,
input/playback of recorded signals.
interfaces: time synchronization, external control, nav, high power amplifier, signal measurement system, ECM
feedback.
Model: Real-time IREO Scene Simulator
(RISS)
Purpose: Infrared image generation and
dynamic sensor effects emulation for
use in laboratory and installed systems
test facilities.
Freq/Spectrum: Programmable to simulate any EO/IR sub-band within 0.320
m to 14 m.
RF Out: Digital Video Interface (DVI)
and sensor specific formats.
Number of Signals: Programmable for
any combination of wave band, frame
size, frame rate, and pixel clock.
Simultaneous Signals: Up to 20 simultaneous outputs with different combinations of wave band, frame size, frame
rate, and sensor effects at each output.
Signal Dynamics: Dynamic spectral,
spatial, and per-pixel output that takes
into account: Full dynamic motion of
ownship and all target signatures; dynamic, per-pixel atmosphere and sky effects simulation; and dynamic spectral
signature modeling.
Programmable: Programmable MODTRAN based atmosphere and sky model;
trajectory scripts; and temperature, material and elevation grid terrain model.
Power (W): Power requirements vary
with frame rate, frame size and number
of sensors simulated.
Size: 8U spaces in a standard 19-inch
rack per simulated sensor.
Weight: Weight depends on the size and
number of COTS computers used.
Features: Can be configured to stimulate multiple sensors simultaneously.
Real-time, low latency image generation. 32-bit floating point radiance and
image calculation precision. a
22
AOCs 2nd Annual
Low Probability of Intercept (LPI)

RADAR & Counter-LPI Technology Conference
Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA | February 15-17, 2011
Sessions include:
+ New LPI Radar technology and waveform design concepts
+ Non-cooperative intercept receiver design
+ Electronic attack considerations
REGISTRATION
IS OPEN!
SIGN-UP TO
DAY AT CR
OWS.ORG
Who Should Attend?

Engineers, academia, SIGINT systems manufacturers, training and
technical services providers and ELINT software producers.
BROUGHT TO YOU BY:
Sessions cover the latest developments in LPI emitter technology, waveform

design and the intercept receivers and processing techniques for counter-LPI.
Registration form, agenda, schedule of events

and hotel information are available online.
SPONSORED BY:
Visit crows.org for more information.
AOC_Ad_2011.indd 1
1/21/11 9:03:29 AM
washing t on
repor t
SECDEF CLARIFIES IO POLICY
24
Secretary of Defense Robert Gates issued has issued a memo

to the DOD leadership that clarifies the role of strategic communication (SC) and information operations (IO) within the
DOD. The memo creates a new definition for IO that will have
significant implications for electronic warfare (EW) in the
future.
In the memo, Gates explains the pressures that led him to
order an SC and IO Front-End Assessment (FEA) last year that
addressed questions relating to the role and mission, definitions, management, resources, training and education of these
two areas. The FEA resulted in several decisions, including
realignment of IO organizational responsibilities within the
Office of the Secretary of Defense and reorganizing joint force
IO development and management within the Joint Staff.
For the EW community, the most significant decision regards
reorganizing US Strategic Commands Joint IO Warfighting Center (JIOWC) located in San Antonio, TX, which also includes the
Joint EW Division (formerly the Joint EW Center). With the exception of the Joint EW Division, the JIOWCs functions will be
aligned with the Joint Staff. The Joint EW Division will remain
assigned to US Strategic Command. This creates an opportunity for the Joint EW Division to evolve into a more robust EW
organization providing support across the DOD.
The memo also establishes a new definition of IO: The integrated employment, during military operations, of information-related capabilities in concert with other lines of operation
to influence, disrupt, corrupt, or usurp the decision-making
of adversaries and potential adversaries while protecting our
own. The previous definition of IO, the memo states, lacks
reference to the information environment and places too much
emphasis on the core capabilities. This has led to excessive
focus on the capabilities and confuses the distinction
between them and IO as an integrating staff function.
Successful IO, the memo continues, requires the
identification of information-related capabilities most
likely to achieve desired effects and not simply the
employment of a capability. Modifying the definition
also will effect a needed change to the existing notion that the core capabilities must be overseen by
one entity. Capability integration does not necessitate
ownership.
This language is significant for EW at the Joint level
because, from an organizational perspective, it formally
pulls EW out from under IO. It also provides the oppor-
tunity to evolve joint EW in a more coherent and comprehensive

manner than is possible when focusing on the specific needs of
IO. This effectively sets the stage for US Strategic Command to
develop new plans for the Joint EW Directorate, which could be
announced in the coming months. J. Knowles
DHS SEEKS IED JAMMER INFO

The Department of Homeland Security is planning to acquire
IED jammers for use by public safety bomb disposal teams. In
support of this acquisition, the US Navys Naval Surface Warfare Center-Dahlgren (VA) has issued a request for information
(RFI) on behalf of DHS to gather data about available radiocontrolled improvised explosive device (RCIED) jammers. The
US government has said in the past that it expects terrorist
organizations to eventually mount an IED campaign in the US.
According to DHS officials, federal regulations severely limit
state and local governments from operating any type of jamming device. (See DHS Tech Gaps Include IED Priorities, JED,
November 2010, p. 22 for more.) Should a terrorist IED bombing
campaign occur, first responders would be dependent on bomb
disposal teams that are authorized to operate IED jammers and
equipped with systems that minimize RF interference in the
surrounding environment. DHS is equipping bomb disposal
teams to address these needs.
Via the RFI, DHS is asking for information about dismounted and vehicle-mounted jammers that operate across the RF
spectrum. The dismounted version, not to exceed 30 lbs, will
be the common component for both variants, with the ability
to plug in to the vehicular mount. (The vehicular version can
weigh up to 120 lbs, including the antennas.)
The jammer is expected to be used primarily by bomb
disposal teams, typically in conjunction with explosive ordnance device (EOD) robots. The EOD technician must be able
to operate the jammer remotely at distances up to 10 meters,
and the countermeasures system cannot interfere with the
robots communications and commands or any other friendly
communications.
DHS also wants a system that can function in stand-by and
operationally ready modes. If equipped with a receiver, the
RFI states, the device must provide sufficient sensitivity and
bandwidth resolution to adequately discriminate and resolve
threat signals.
Responses are due by February 11. The point of contact is
Nicole Williams, (540) 653-7038, e-mail nicole.a.williams@
navy.mil. J. Knowles a
world
repor t
JORDAN ACQUIRING GROUND-BASED EW SYSTEM
26
DRS Defense Solutions, LLC (Bethesda, MD) has won a $37.1 million Foreign
Military Sales contract from US Army
Communications-Electronics Command
(Ft. Monmouth, NJ) to manufacture
turn-key mobile tactical Electronic Warfare Battalion systems for the Jordanian
Armed Forces.
Under the contract, DRS will supply
two ground-based EW Company configurations, each consisting of an EW
operations center (with four operator
workstations and a communications
link to an existing Jordanian Battalion
Headquarters), six VHF/UHF communications electronic support (ES) systems, and two team-portable VHF/UHF
communications electronic attack (EA)
systems, with the requisite hardware,
software, vehicles and shelters.
Each of the six ES systems in a company configuration will operate from
vehicle-mounted shelters and will intercept, monitor, locate and analyze tactical, single-channel, push-to-talk (PTT)
radio communications operating from
30 MHz to 3 GHz. Each ES system will
also incorporate a wideband directionfinding capability with an accuracy of
2 degrees RMS. Emitter location will
be performed by networking multiple
DF systems and plotting locations on a
digital map.
Each of the two EA systems in a
company configuration will be operated as mobile units (within the vehicle-mounted shelters) and as remote
units (transported by two soldiers).
Either configuration will be capable of
jamming PTT communications from 30
MHz to 3 GHz and operate in automatic, semiautomatic or manual modes.
Both the ES and EA systems will be
able to handle up to 24 simultaneous
ITALIAN AF AWARDS DIRCM CONTRACT

The Italian MODs General Directorate
of Air Armaments has awarded a 25.4
million contract to Elettronica S.p.A.
(Rome, Italy) to supply ELT/572 directed
infrared countermeasures (DIRCM) systems. The ELT/572, a joint development
program between Elettronica and Israels
El-Op (an Elbit Systems subsidiary), will
be installed on the Italian Air Forces
transport and new helicopter fleets to
protect the aircraft against man-portable
air defense system (MANPADS) threats.
The three-year contract covers the
system development, aircraft integration and ground testing of double-turret ELT/572 DIRCM systems. Elettronica
will design installation configurations
for the Italian Air Forces C-27J and C130J transport aircraft and AW-101
CSAR helicopters. The double-turret
ELT/572 DIRCM system is designed to
provide 360-degree protection against
MANPADS, even in engagement condi-
tions where the missile threat comes

from above the aircraft, such as in high
mountains and narrow valleys.
In addition to theses activities, the
contract includes the delivery of five
double-turret ELT/572 DIRCM systems
that will be integrated with Cassidians
AAR-60 MILDS II missile warning system, which is already in service with the
Air Force. The system will be tested and
certified on the various aircraft types
under a separate contract to be signed
with the platform providers. According
to informed sources, the quantity of
ELT/572 systems to be acquired by the
Italian Air Force is expected to cover at
least half of the operational aircraft in
the C-27J, C-130 and AH-101 fleets.
In December, Elettronica and El-Op completed the development and flight testing
qualification of a single-turret configuration in Israel, with Italian Air Force representatives observing. L. Peruzzi
targets, including conventional radios

and LPI radios capable of up to 500
hops per second.
DRS designed the systems using commercial-off-the-shelf hardware and software requiring little or no development.
The companys Intelligence, Communications and Avionics Solutions (ICAS)
business unit (formerly DRS Codem) in
Merrimack, NH, will perform the work.
G. Goodman and J. Knowles
IN BRIEF
Thales (Crawley, Sussex, UK) has
been awarded a contract from
the Netherlands MODs Defence
Materiel Organization to supply four
Advanced Processing Extensions
(APX) radar ESM systems. The APX
systems will be fitted to a pair of
M-Class (Karel Doorman-Class) frigates in service with the Dutch Navy
and another pair of M-Class frigates
in service with the Belgian Navy.
The Chilean and Portuguese navies
each operate a pair of M-Class frigates, as well.
Elisra Electronic Systems (Bene
Beraq, Israel) has won a $29 million
contract to supply integrated EW
suites and missile warning systems
for installation on CN-235 transport
aircraft of the Republic of Korea Air
Force. The recent contract follows
previous South Korean orders to
equip C-130 transports and F/A-50
fighters with Elisras EW equipment.
The Afghan National Army, acting via US Army Foreign Military
Sale channels, is seeking man-pack
COMINT systems for its military intelligence companies. Afghanistans
Army has requirement for up to
169 hand-held DF antennas and 242
wideband COMINT receivers capable
of collecting signals between 530
kHz and 3 GHz. a
28
n the land warfare arena, the

measure-countermeasure game has
evolved just as it has in the air
and at sea. The traditional solution for protecting ground vehicles
from main battle tanks (MBTs)
and armored personnel carriers (APCs) to
light tactical vehicles has always been
based on armor. As ground threats have
evolved in terms of range, accuracy and
lethality, however, vehicles can no longer
rely on armor alone to provide adequate
By Tom Withington and John Knowles
THE COMPLEX THREAT

Throughout the Cold War, NATO and
Warsaw Pact nations fielded increasingly lethal weapons designed to attack ground vehicles. This includes
everything from basic rocket propelled
grenades (RPGs) to fire and forget top-
APS TECHNOLOGY
Because of the variety of threat
technologies used against ground vehicles and their effectiveness against
many types of armor, ground forces
have started to show more interest in
APS solutions, which can defeat a wide
range of threats. An APS typically uses
one or more sensors to detect and track
incoming threats. Some systems use a
radar to detect an incoming threat and
then hand it off to an optronic sensor
for precision tracking. Others may use a
passive missile warner that hands off to
a radar for tracking. The sensor information is usually fed to a central processing
unit that manages the countermeasures
subsystem and activates the counter-
APS SOLUTIONS
Current APS developments reflect
subtle changes regarding vehicle protection in todays tactical environment.
While the imperative during the Cold
War was to outfit comparatively heavy
MBTs, APCs and Infantry Fighting Vehicles (IFVs) with equipment designed
to offer protection in relatively open
terrain, this consideration has been
supplemented by the requirement to
safeguard vehicles operating in the urban environment. Therefore, APS equipment must be able to defeat an incoming
threat, such as an anti-vehicle missile
or RPG, without presenting a high risk
of collateral damage from shrapnel emanating from the neutralized munition or
the countermeasure itself.
Moreover, APS engineering efforts
are placing an emphasis on protecting
lighter platforms such as wheeled APCs,
reconnaissance, logistics and liaison
vehicles. System mass thus becomes an
important consideration to ensure that
vehicle weight does not significantly increase, and that maneuverability is not
compromised (i.e., protection systems
should not protrude excessively from a
self-protection. Today, the ground vehicle market is on the brink of a new era in
self-protection, and many ground forces
are including active protection system
(APS) requirements in their manned
vehicle programs. The growing number
of APS solutions including some that
are designed into the vehicles themselves reflects this trend. The result is
an expanding menu of sophisticated survivability options (including advanced
armor, vehicle designs with minimized
profiles, and APS) that can be tailored
for each vehicle type.
attack anti-tank guided munitions (ATGMs) designed to fly over a target and
then fire down into the lightly armored
turret of a tank or the roof of an APC.
Some rounds, such as kinetic energy
penetrators, use velocity (up to 3,200
feet per second) to penetrate armor.
Others, such as explosively formed penetrators (EFPs) generate molten metals
(copper and tantalum) to pierce armor.
measures at the optimal moment. The

type of countermeasure employed can
vary from obscurant smokes to grenades
and explosive charges. Reaction time is
important. Threat engagements usually
run just a few seconds or less, either because the shooter is close to the vehicle
or the threat itself travels at high velocity. The faster the APS can respond, the
more effective it can be against a wider
variety of threats. Another feature that
is beginning to appear in some APS systems is the ability to locate the shooters position. This enables the vehicle
or other ground or airborne platforms
in the area (if connected to the battle
network) to immediately return fire on
the shooter.
APS weight and size are considerations on any vehicle type. Many systems weigh in at between 500 and 1,500
lbs, and developers are focusing on developing smaller, light-weight solutions
for tactical vehicles.
29
vehicles roof to ensure that it can travel

beneath bridges). Furthermore, whereas
the impetus regarding Cold War-era APS
design had been placed on protecting
the frontal arc of an MBT, from where
threats to the vehicle were expected to
originate, todays systems must provide
full protection around a vehicle, and
against top-attack munitions.
GERMAN APS SOLUTIONS

Germany has been a center of excellence for European APS design, and the
BIRD ELECTRONIC
ADVANCED SOLUTIONS
SY
STE
MS
TX RX SYSTEMS
X-COM SYSTEMS
countrys Federal Ministry of Defense is

directing a number of APS programs and
evaluations. In development since 1993,
the AWISS initiative, being led by Diehl
BGT Defense, has developed a protection
system designed to intercept an incoming projectile at ranges from 32 feet to
246 feet with a 6.6-lb. grenade; a process
that takes 0.355 seconds. The grenade
launch occurs once the AWISS vehiclemounted Ka-band radar, which provides
enveloping 360-degree and -30-degree
to +90-degree azimuth coverage around
X-COM SYSTEMS PROVIDES A POWERFUL CAPABILITY TO

CAPTURE, STORE, ANALYZE AND CREATE COMPLEX RF SIGNALS.
30
5$'$5:$9()250'(9(/230(17
-$00(5'(9(/230(17
&203/(;5)6,*1$/$1$/<6,6
6,*1$/&5($7,21
6,*1$//,%5$5,(6
(/(&7521,&:$5)$5(
,('&2817(50($685(6
6859(,//$1&(
ZZZ[FRPV\VWHPVFRP
%6XQULVH9DOOH\'U5HVWRQ9$

503233_XCom.indd 1
1/3/11 12:55:18 PM
the vehicle, detects the incoming projectile. The grenade launcher, which
contains up to four canisters and can
handle simultaneous attacks, is slewed
towards the threat at a speed of 600 degrees per second.
Tests of AWISS in 2006, during which
it was mounted on a German Army Leopard-2 MBT, illustrated its ability to intercept and destroy an incoming MBDA
MILAN anti-tank missile. AWISS does
impose a weight penalty on the vehicle of around 882 lbs, and protrudes
32 inches above the vehicles roof, and
a similar length below. Research and
development work on AWISS is continuing and production is expected to commence in 2014.
AWISS has acted as the baseline for
a further APS development by Diehl BGT
Defense, notably the AVEPS (Active Vehicle Protection System) unveiled in 2008.
This also uses a Ka-band radar providing
similar surrounding and azimuth coverage to AWISS, to detect an incoming
projectile. Neutralization is performed
by firing a blast grenade weighing 3kg
from a recoilless launcher that covers the
same azimuth arc as the radar. The entire system has a reaction time of around
0.355 seconds and can defeat an RPG at a
range of 164 feet (50 m), while a kinetic
energy munition can be defeated at up
to 1,968 feet (600 m). AVEPS has been
designed in two versions; the 1,102-lb
standard variant, which includes a single sensor package, and two launchers.
Meanwhile, the 771-lb AVEPS-Light uses
a single launcher. This product has been
earmarked to equip the German Armys
Dingo-II wheeled armored vehicles and
overall AVEPS development is being financed by Germanys BWB defense procurement agency.
AVEPS technology is being used in a
follow-on system known and the Mutual
Active Protection System (MAPS). Developed between Diehl and Israel Military
Industries (IMI), the MAPS was demonstrated on a FUCHS transport vehicle in
live-fire tests held at the Federal Armed
Forces Technical Center in Meppen,
Germany last November. According to
a statement from Diehl, the MAPS defeated incoming anti-tank rockets and
guided missiles, including advanced
models with tandem warheads at safe
IMAgine.
Innovative
Multifunction
Adaptable
Integrated Microwave Assemblies
A full range of high-performance

IMAs good enough to be called Narda.
It should come as no surprise to you that Narda Integrated Microwave Assemblies
are redefining the state-of-the-art. Our Ultimate MIC, for example, uses our
proprietary MMC (multilayer microwave circuitry) technology to deliver higher
and higher performance in smaller and smaller footprints.
When you come to Narda, you know youll get what you need when you need it.
Whether youre looking for high performance in a small footprint or low-cost,
high-volume production - with Narda, the possibilities are as limitless as your
IMAgination. To see for yourself call 631-231-1700 or visit www.nardamicrowave.com.
narda
microwave-east
an
L3
communications company
435 Moreland Road, Hauppauge, NY 11788

Tel: 631.231.1700 Fax: 631.231.1711
e-mail: nardaeast@L-3com.com
No one goes to greater lengths

for smaller wavelengths.
www.nardamicrowave.com
distances from the defended vehicle. In

addition to defending the vehicle, the
MAPS sensors also detect and locate the
shooters location, enabling lethal fire
to be directed at the shooter.
Other German APS BWB-funded initiatives include the Multifunction Self Protection System (MUSS), which is being
developed by Cassidian (formerly EADS
Defense and Security), Krauss Maffei
Wegmann (KMW) and Rheinmetall. MUSS
uses a vehicle-mounted missile and laser
warning system, the former of which is
based on the Cassidian AN/AAR-60 Missile Launch Detection System (MILDS), a
passive UV missile warner that was originally developed for airborne applications.
When used in MUSS, the AN/AAR-60 is
designated as P-MILDS. This provides
warning of incoming missiles along with
Cassidians Common Optic-electronic Laser Detection System (COLDS) operating
in the 0.45- to1.65-m part of the spectrum. These sensors, which are mounted
in four quadrants on the roof of an MBT
(each providing 90 degrees of coverage),
determine the nature of the threat to
the vehicle (i.e., whether it is being il-
luminated by a laser rangefinder or designator, or if it is being tracked by an

incoming missile).
Once the MUSS has determined the
threat, it transmits this information to
a central defensive aid suite computer
connected to a combined controller and
display; the latter two components are
mounted inside the vehicle. The computer then triggers the launch of countermeasures, from dispensers, which
include a total of 16 launchers mounted
in two groupings, each containing eight
launchers. These countermeasures can
include either an electronic infrared
(IR) jamming signal directed at the missile generated by a Sagem Dfence Scurit EIREL IR jamming system; or via
the launch of multispectral decoy countermeasures, including chaff, smoke and
IR flares. The launch of combined salvoes of different decoys is possible with
MUSS, which provides 360-degree coverage around the vehicle; it can engage up
to four incoming threats simultaneously
with a response time of around 1.5 seconds. The MUSS weighs 352 lbs, and the
system is currently being installed on
the German Armys Puma IFVs. Eventually it could migrate onto other vehicles,
such as the forces Fennek Armored Reconnaissance Vehicles. Furthermore,
MUSS has been selected to equip the
AMX-10RC armored wheeled reconnaissance vehicles of the French Army.
MUSS and AWISS are joined by the
Rapid Obscuring System (ROSY), developed by Rheinmetall and intended for use
on light vehicles. Using 1.57-inch smoke
canisters, ROSY can create a smokescreen
measuring around 969 square feet, at a
range of up to 105 feet from the vehicle, in 0.53 seconds. Each ROSY system
includes four launchers, each equipped
with three smoke canister tubes. The
smoke canisters mask the vehicle against
laser, electro-optical and televisionguided projectiles. Along with deploying
smoke, ROSY can be configured to launch
Chlorobenzalmalononitrile (CS) gas grenades for use in riot control.
One of the newest German-based solutions that is gaining a lot of interest
is the Advanced Modular Armor Protection Active Defense System (AMAP-ADS)
offered by ADS GmbH, a joint venture
32
A Clean Sweep
If your RADAR, EW, or SIGINT system requires the cleanest signals, ITT Microwave Systems
has the solutions. We deliver premium RF and digital subsystems by integrating our
proprietary technologies within densely populated custom and standard packages. Our
expertise is in frequencies through 20 GHz and includes FPGA-based Direct Digital
Synthesis (DDS) LO synthesizers and waveform generators, as well as software
controlled, wideband RF/digital tuners and upconverters.
Visit our website for more information.
510280_ITT.indd 1
ITT Microwave Systems

978-441-0200
ittmicrowave.com
12/16/10 4:44:16 PM
formed in 2007 between IBD Deisenroth

Engineering in Lohmar and Rheinmetall Chempro in Bonn. Also known as the
AAC in Sweden and the Shark in France
(in cooperation with Thales), the AMAPADS represents what the company calls
a fourth generation armor technology.
The system uses an array of overlapping
sensor-countermeasure units to detect
and track incoming threats travelling at
speeds up to 1,800 meters per second.
The sensors feed the target information to a central processor which then
activates the countermeasure device

an explosive charge that is thought
to deliver a short-range shock wave or
pressure wave that disables the incoming round before it can hit the vehicle
(company officials have declined to describe exactly how it works). Because
the sensor-countermeasure units overlap, protection is maintained even if
one countermeasure unit has fired and
a second threat is launched at the same
location on the vehicle. The AMAP-ADS
has been demonstrated on a variety of
Microwave Signal Sources from Herley General Microwave
Your time-trusted
source
34
Fast (1 usec)
Indirect
Synthesizer
Herley General Microwave
announces the NEW Model S2676, the
latest addition to its product line of high
performance Microwave Signal Sources.
Wide Frequency Range
2 to 19 GHz
High Resolution
10 kHz
Fast Settling Time
1 usec, max.
Low Phase Noise
-103 dBc@10kHz Offset
Low Power Consumption
30 Watts, max.
Small Size
6" x 6" x 1.1"
The Model S2576 is a cost effective solution for todays

demanding Electronic Warfare, Simulator and Test Systems.
Other Catalog & Custom Microwave Signal

Sources from Herley General Microwave include:
Digitally Tuned Oscillators (DTO)
Frequency Locked Oscillators (FLO)
Voltage Controlled Oscillators (VCO)
Proven Microwave
Performance
www.herley.com
Herley New York 227A Michael Drive, Syosset, NY 11791
Telephone: 516-802-0900 FAX: 516-802-0897 E-mail: sales@herleyny.com
476891_Herley.indd 1
4/28/10 1:56:19 PM
heavy (BAE Systems SEP and Patrias

AMV) and light (IVECOs LMV) vehicles.
Depending on the host platform, the
system can weigh anywhere from 140 kg
to 500 kg and can be installed in conformal panels or in modular units fitted
around the top of the vehicle.
OTHER EUROPEAN DEVELOPMENTS

Outside of Germany, European APS
solutions include the Land Electronic
Defense System (LEDS), which has been
developed by Swedens Saab and Denel
(Pty) Ltd of South Africa. So far, the
baseline LEDS-50 has been acquired
by the Landmacht (Royal Netherlands
Army) and installed on their CV9035NL
IFVs. This system warns a crew whether
their vehicle is being illuminated by a
laser rangefinder or designator. The
LEDS-50 was supplemented in 2004 with
the LEDS-100, which teams the LEDS50 with two High Speed Directional
Launchers, each of which contains six
tubes for launching smoke grenades to
form a smoke screen up to 164 ft from
the vehicle to shield it from the laser
threat. The Royal Jordanian Army has
shown an interest in equipping its M60
MBTs with the LEDS-100.
The LEDS-150 adds the Denel Dynamics Mongoose-1 interceptor munition to
the LEDS-100 design to engage guided
missiles and RPGs at a range of up to 65
feet, while the LEDS-200 variant includes
a foam generation system affixed to the
roof of a vehicle to defeat top-attack
munitions. Upon detection, the foam is
discharged to alter the vehicles physical
shape and thus spoof the weapon. One of
the added benefits is that the foam can
also be manually discharged to act as an
extinguishing agent should the vehicle
catch fire. This can be useful in urban
operations against forces that use incendiary weapons, including simple Molotov
cocktails. The most complete solution in
the LEDS product line is the LEDS-300,
which can engage incoming munitions
at a range of up to 492 feet with the
Mongoose interceptor. The LEDS-300 is
expected to be installed on the 264 Armored Modular Vehicles being delivered
to the South African Army.
Italys Oto Melara has designed and
developed the Scudo (Shield), an APS
that uses an X-band radar to detect an
incoming threat. Electro-optical (EO)

sensors also equip Scudo to watch the
immediate locale around a vehicle, with
the radar detecting incoming munitions
at a distance. Once an incoming round is
detected by the radar, a proximity-fused
rocket projectile is fired to destroy the
munition in mid-air. At shorter range
the rounds are detected by the EO sensors and explosive tiles containing
tungsten balls are detonated to destroy
it. Typically, the rocket has a range of
around 5,000 feet, with the tiles being
effective at between 15-32 feet.
Toward the end of 2009, the company
concluded a series of tests on a static version of the system, during which it was
exposed to fire from a various anti-vehicle weapons to evaluate its sensors and
active defense mechanism. A key focus
of the tests was to verify the products
capabilities to detonate its rocket warhead and tiles while at the same time
minimizing collateral damage to the
protected vehicle. Given that Scudo is an
active system using both explosives and
projectiles, the company has performed
significant work ensuring that the prod-
uct is not activated accidentally; by a

passing vehicle, for instance.
Scudo has already been displayed outfitting an Iveco Dardo Infantry Fighting
Vehicle, and the product has also been
earmarked for the Iveco Centauro tank
destroyer, of which the Italian Army operates around 200 and 300, respectively.
However, Italian defense budget cuts
may delay these procurement plans.
While the French Army is acquiring
MUSS for its AMX-10RC vehicles (as discussed above), French defense contractor Thales is developing the Cerberus-II
laser warning countermeasure system.
Cerberus uses the Goodrich Aerospace
AN/VVR-3 laser warning receiver with
four IR detector arrays covering the
front and rear of the vehicle. Two extra arrays can be added to the vehicles
sides to ensure 360-degree protection.
The sensors detect laser illumination,
alerting the crew to whether they are
being targeted by single-pulse laser
rangefinders, multi-pulse target designation lasers or overhead laser illumination from top-attack munitions.
Once detected, launch tubes disperse
canisters to generate 180 degrees of

smoke coverage around the vehicle
in two seconds. Although Thales has
completed the integration of the Cerberus-II countermeasures dispenser
and laser warning receiver, production
is yet to commence.
ISRAELI KNOW-HOW
Away from Europe, several Israeli APS
initiatives are ongoing. The Israeli Ministry of Defense is funding the development of the Armored Shield Protection
or ASPRO-A system (also known as the
Trophy-II), which is being led by Rafael
Advanced Defense Systems and Israeli
Aerospace Industries. ASPRO-A offers
360-degree coverage around a vehicle
via four flat-panel radar sensors. Once
these detect an incoming projectile, the
system launches an interceptor towards
the threat that is effective at a range
of 32-98 feet. The interceptor explodes,
sending fragments into the path of the
munition. ASPRO-A, which is now in
full-rate production, has been selected
for installation on the Israeli Armys
Merkava-IV MBTs
36
Finding product details on EW/SIGINT

organizations is easy as
N
O
ONL W
INE
123!
Check out the EW/SIGINT Online Resource
Guide at www.ewsigint.net
1. Log on to the EW/SIGINT Online Resource Guide.
2. Click on the product or service category you need.
3. Start searching, or use the new RFP Automator
to quickly get in touch with multiple vendors in
a specic product/service category with project
specications, schedules and contact information.
CrossPromo_Ad.indd 1
Our interactive resource is available 24 hours a day,

365 days a year. Best of all, this service is FREE!
From IR countermeasures to radar

warning receivers, we have the
suppliers you need to get the job
done right the first time.
1/21/11 9:17:54 AM
In late 2010, it was reported that ASPRO-A equipped Merkava-IV tanks would
deploy to Israels border with the Gaza
Strip, following a successful ASPRO-A
test the preceding day, during which
the subsystem successfully intercepted
and destroyed an incoming anti-tank
missile. According to the Jerusalem
Post, the test had planned to include a
live missile and a crewed tank; however
written protests by several families of
bereaved soldiers to the Israeli Defense
Forces (IDF) Chief of Staff, General Gabi
Ashkenazi, led to the use of a practice

missile round instead. The decision to
deploy ASPRO-A equipped Merkava-IVs
was prompted by a December 6 attack
on a similar tank that was not equipped
with the system. In this engagement,
a 9M113 Kornet (NATO reporting name
AT-14 Spriggan) anti-tank missile was
launched from inside the Gaza Strip. The
missile penetrated the tanks hull but
luckily failed to cause any injuries.
ASPRO-A-L (Trophy Light) has been
designed as the lightweight alterna-
Detect. Deceive. Defeat.
38
Integrated RF/Digital Solutions

for EW Applications
LNX products integrate the latest in high-speed digital design
and microwave technology to enhance your EW, ECM, C-IED,
SIGINT and Communications system performance.
Detect...Digital Receiver and IFM solutions

Wideband tuning receivers > 1 GHz
Small form factor IFMs with < 100 nsec throughput
Deceive...DRFM solutions
ASIC and assemblies 1.2 GHz IBW
Defeat...Microwave Components &

Integrated Microwave Assemblies
Custom and standard products
Parameter
Capability
FREQUENCY
Up to 60 GHz
US DEVELOPMENTS
SWITCHING
< 5 nsec
ISOLATION
> 80 dB
The DODs interest in active protection systems stretches back decades

and includes programs such as FullSpectrum Active Protection (FSAP) and
its related Full Spectrum Active Protection Close-In Shield (FCLAS) effort, as
well as the Integrated Army Active Protection System (IAAPS) and its derivative Close-In Countermeasures (CICM)
program. However, these efforts have
mostly been limited to the labs and the
test range. With the DOD owning the
worlds largest fleet of military ground
For more about

LNX products visit
www.mc.com/lnx
Seamless Integration
of RF/Digital Signals
513989_LNX.indd 1
tive to ASPRO-A. The A-L variant has

a combined weight of 1,102 lbs, as opposed to the 1,763 lbs of the ASPRO-A.
This is achieved by reducing the size of
the countermeasures launcher. Further
weight reductions may also occur via
the development of the ASPRO-U-L (Trophy Ultralight), which has already been
exhibited on a Rafael Wolf multi-role armored vehicle.
Other Israeli APS efforts include Iron
Fist, designed to defeat shaped charges
and RPGs. Developed by Israel Military
Industries (IMI) to answer a requirement from the countrys Directorate
for Defense Research and Development,
Iron Fist uses an Elisra Tandir IR detector, which computes the flight characteristics of an incoming threat. It then
determines the trajectory of the fin-stabilized inceptor round, which impacts
and explodes on the munition without
detonating its warhead, thus reducing
the danger of collateral damage. With
a detection-to-destruction time of one
second, Iron Fist can intercept single or
multiple threats.
The acquisition of Iron First for the
IDFs Namer heavy infantry fighting
vehicles began in June 2009 as a parallel procurement to the ASPRO-A equipment being procured for the Merkava-IV
MBTs. Iron Fist has also provided the
baseline for the development of IMIs
Bright Arrow vehicle protection system,
which teams the product with a remotecontrolled overhead weapons station to
provide an integrated protection package. A lightweight version of Iron First
that uses a single launcher, rather than
the usual two systems, is also under
development.
1/19/11 11:46:48 AM
detonating it minimizing damage to

the vehicle and any dismounted troops
near the vehicle. The Iron Curtain is
a DARPA-funded effort. The system is
mounted on the roof and hood of the
host vehicle and works along the same
principle as the AMAD-APS. It uses a
C-band radar to sense incoming rounds
and an optronic sensor to track and cue
an explosive charge that fires down at
the threat, rendering it ineffective.
The APS evaluations are scheduled to
continue through this year.
While the APS live fire test and
evaluation program provides a look at
what types of solutions are currently
available, the DOD is still pushing toward an objective capability that not
only defends the vehicle from optronically guided ATGMs but also punishes
the attacker. Last month, the US Army
issued a request for information from
companies that could work with the
Armys Armament Research Development and Engineering Center (ARDEC)
to integrate four government-furnished components into what it terms
an autonomous threat defeat system
(TDS). The nine-month effort calls for
READY FOR SERVICE

The efforts of US, European and Israeli manufacturers to develop APS for
both MBTs and IFVs in response to pressing national requirements are indicative
of the emerging practice of ensuring
that all vehicles likely to encounter attack from a wide spectrum of weapons,
from advanced anti-tank missiles down
to RPGs, have a robust level of active
protection. Experiences in Iraq, Afghanistan and Israel have underscored the
reality that almost any military vehicle
can be considered a target. Therefore,
companies are developing APS products
that offer protection to vehicles of all
weights and sizes without decreasing
mobility.
As the current generation of APS
solutions is fielded, it is not clear if a
single technology or system will emerge
as the preferred approach over the next
decade. New technologies are sure to
evolve and industry will focus on reducing system size, weight and price. The
era of the APS is just beginning. a
vehicles, it has been cautious about

buying APS technology before it is
mature. The combination of expensive
system prices, a traditional commitment to armor technologies and a limited number of combat losses to ATGMs
and RPGs has enabled the US to wait a
bit longer than other countries.
It was not until Operation Iraqi Freedom that the US Army began to look
more closely at APS solutions to protect
its increasingly lighter (and more easily
deployable) vehicles. In 2006 and 2007,
the DODs Office of Force Transformation evaluated multiple active protection solutions from around the world
including an early version of the Trophy system from Rafael and Raytheons
Quick Kill APS for possible rapid deployment on Stryker vehicles headed
for Iraq. In 2007, the DOD (at the Armys
behest) opted for the Quick Kill system,
which was still in development. This
decision generated some controversy
at the time. Unfortunately, Quick Kill
was tied to the ill-fated Future Combat
System, which was cancelled in 2009.
Under the follow-on Brigade Combat
Team Modernization (BCTM) effort, active protection remains an important
requirement for the Army.
Last year, the DOD began a series of
field demonstrations via its Active Protection Systems Live Fire Test and Evaluation program. Under this effort, the
DOD is taking a look at the performance
of seven systems, including Quick Kill,
LEDS-150, Trophy, Iron Fist and AMAPADS. The program will also evaluate
Textrons Tactical RPG Airbag Protection System (TRAPS) and ARTIS LLCs
Iron Curtain system. The TRAPS uses
a radar to detect incoming RPGs and
then deploys a commercially derived
air bag to defeat the threat without
the contractor to integrate an IR sensor that will perform threat detection,

a target acquisition system, an ATGMdefeat component (most likely a directed IR jammer to defeat the ATGMs
optical sensor) and a remote weapon
system to return fire on the shooters
location. The contractor will develop
the cueing functions between the IR
sensor and the ATGM defeat device and
the remote weapon system, as well as
the fire-control functions. Ultimately,
the Army wants to test the TDS against
ATGMs in live-fire evaluations.
39
Despite market challenges, the

region offers many opportunities
for EW manufacturers
By Martin Streetly
SAUDI ARABIA
40
For an English author, the Middle East

conjures up memories of empire and
an enduring fascination with both an
alien culture and landscape. For todays defense electronics marketer,
the region is equally interesting. On
the one hand, its oil wealth holds out
the prospect of valuable export opportunities in times of fiscal austerity for
many other regions. On the other, the
heady mixture of radical Islam, terrorist activity, Irans supposed nuclear
ambitions and the festering sore that is
the Israel-Palestine relationship make
doing business in the area something
of a minefield. Despite such problems,
the region continues to provide opportunities for electronic warfare (EW)
manufacturers.
Before looking at specifics, it is
perhaps wise to define what is meant
by the term Middle East. This article will cover the Maghreb countries
of North Africa (specifically Algeria,
Libya, Mauritania, Morocco and Tunisia), Egypt, the Gulf States (Bahrain,
Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi
Arabia and the United Arab Emirates
[UAE]), Israel, Jordan, Syria and Turkey. Again, it is deemed wise to divide
the coverage between air, land and sea
and while being by no means comprehensive, it is hoped that the foregoing will give a flavor of ongoing EW
activity in this fascinating region of
the world.
In terms of air activity, the big hitters are undoubtedly Saudi Arabia and
Israel, with the former making use of
its vast oil wealth to make itself the
Arabian superpower. In terms of inservice equipment, the Royal Saudi
Air Force (RSAF) already boasts Selex
Galileos Praetorian integrated Defensive Aids Suite (DAS) and pod-mounted
Sky Shadow radar jammer for use on its
Eurofighter Typhoon and Tornado Interdiction and Strike fleets, together with
variants of the type-specific Tactical
EW System (TEWS) aboard its F-15C/D/S
aircraft. Looking to the future, the

country has embarked on both a drive
for national participation in future EW
programs and a truly enormous procurement initiative that includes requests
for no less than 84 F-15SA combat aircraft, 36 Block III AH-64D and 36 AH-6i
attack helicopters, 72 UH-60M transport
helicopters and (possibly) up to six P-8A
maritime patrol aircraft. Some idea of
the EW potential of these procurements
can be gained from the accompanying
requests for 20 AN/APR-48A radio frequency interferometers, 171 AN/APR-39

Radar Warning Receivers (RWR), 171
AN/AVR-2B laser warners, 171 AN/AAR57(V)3/5 missile warners and 318 Coun-
termeasures Dispensing Systems (CMDS)

for use on the helicopter component of
this procurement alone.
Elsewhere in the Saudi air domain,
the RSAF operates a pair of signals intelligence (SIGINT) configured E-3 aircraft
with which to keep an eye on its neighbors. Here, the countrys RE-3A Tactical
Airborne Surveillance System platform
is undergoing an upgrade at L-3s Greenville, Texas, facility which according to
Defense Security Cooperation Agency
AIRBORNE EW PROGRAMS
This said, America does not dominate the Middle Eastern air EW market, with manufacturers in Denmark,
France, Italy, Sweden and the United
Kingdom having notched successes in
the region. In order, Danish contractor Termas EW Management System
(DSCA) documentation involves the

introduction of new communications
radios, new encryption provisions, an
enhanced navigation system, a groundbased equipment trainer and a mission
scenario generator. JED believes that
aerial surveillance (with an emphasis on
SIGINT capability) will be a major Saudi
preoccupation over the coming years as
it struggles to contain the activities of
the Yemen-based Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula organization. In this
context, Saudi Arabia has already procured a Saab 2000 airborne early warning aircraft, which is likely to be used to
detect low and slow aerial targets flying
over the countrys border with Yemen.
Within the Arab world, American
largesse is not just restricted to Saudi
Arabia, with 2009-2010 DSCA documentation identifying potential sales
of 72 AH-64Ds, eight KC-130J tankertransports, 22 CH-47D/F transport helicopters, one C-130J-30 and one C-17
transport aircraft and 84 F-16IQ and

Block 50/52 fighters to Egypt, Iraq,
Kuwait, Morocco, Oman and the UAE.
Supporting these, the documentation
specifically identifies potential sales
of 84 AN/ALQ-144(V)3 infra-red jammers, 96 AN/APR-39A(V)1/4, 14 AN/
APR-39B(V)2, six AN/ALR-56M and 30
AN/ALR-93 RWRs, five AN/AAR-47(V),
seven AN/AAR-54(V) and 70 AN/AAR57(V)3/5 missile approach warners, 79
AN/ALE-47 CMDSs, either 50 AIDEWS
or 50 ACES DASs (together with 12 additional ACES suites), 35 AN/ALE-50
towed decoys, 70 AN/ALQ-136(V)5 radar
jammers and one AN/AAQ-24(V) directed infrared countermeasures system;
a haul that if consummated (and here,
for instance, the latest information on
the proposed F-16IQ sale suggest that it
may drop to six from 18) would gladden
the heart of even the hardest company
accountant.
is installed aboard the UAEs F-16E/F

fighters (which are also equipped with
Northrop Grummans Falcon Edge integrated DAS), while for its part, the
French arm of the Thales conglomerate
is teamed with fellow French contractor MBDA France and Italys Elettronica
on the Integrated Mission EW Suite
(IMEWS) that equips the UAEs Mirage
2000-9 fighters. Looking to the future,
Thales can expand its presence in the
sector if Iraq opts to acquire 12 exFrench Air Force Mirage 2000s and the
UAE consummates its long-running,
on-off procurement of up to 60 Rafale
multi-role combat aircraft. Such acquisitions would be expected to bring the
Thales/MBDA Integrated Countermeasures Suite (ICMS) and the same consortiums Spectre DAS with them.
Aside from its already noted participation in the IMEWS program, Italys
Elettronica is known to have been a long
time supplier of airborne EW equipment
into the region and most recently, has
been appointed EW prime on the UAEs
Dash 8 Q300 maritime patrol aircraft
program. Here, the company is reported
to be supplying its ELT/800H(V)2 electronic support (ES) system and to be integrating the platforms self-protection
suite. The package is said to include a
company RWR and suite controller and
a variant of Saabs Compact Integrated
DAS (CIDAS) system that includes its
MAW-300 missile warner, LWS-310 laser
warner and BOP-L CMDS.
41
Already noted in the Saudi context, the UK arm of Selex

Galileo has also supplied Kuwait with its Helicopter Integrated DAS (HIDAS) suite for use on the countrys AH-64 battlefield attack helicopters and perhaps more importantly, is
42
Whenyouwantyourworkto
havepurposeandmeaning.
DiscoveryourDestiny
Specializingin:
SpectrumWarfare
CyberWarfare
IrregularWarfare
www.STAR3.com
EqualOpportunityEmployerM/F/D/V
492347_Tri.indd 1
11/19/10 8:47:22 AM
supplying its Aircraft Gateway Processor (AGP) as a standard

avionics fit aboard all new/remanufactured Block II and III
AH-64 helicopters. The roughly 3.6 kg AGP provides situational awareness, a prioritized threat picture, optimized countermeasures responses, centralized mode control of all onboard
self-protection sub-systems, centralized built-in test, alarm
audio, centralized distribution of navigational data and recording of data from all the onboard EW systems. Again, AGP
is known to be compatible with Lot 13 AH-64 software (introduced during March 2010) and has been procured by Saudi
Arabia and the UAE, as well as the United States (US) Army.
AGPs significance lies in the fact that it is sensor/effector
agnostic and as a standard item, allows any future Apache
customer to integrate any sensor/effector fit into a unified
DAS capability.
Elsewhere in the region, any Omani procurement of the
Eurofighter Typhoon can be expected to bring with it the
Praetorian DAS and it is perhaps worth noting that US industry appears to be continuing to support Egypts fleet of
Beechcraft 1900 SIGINT aircraft. Another significant air related consideration may be Saabs success in integrating its
Integrated DAS (IDAS) into Malaysian Su-30MKM multi-role
fighters. Such melding of western EW equipment with Russian aeronautical hardware (a road also being followed by
Elettronica with its ELT/568(V)2 radar jammer) would seem
to point to a lucrative line of business upgrading the Russian legacy combat aircraft that remain a feature of many
Middle Eastern air forces. As a final air-related point, it is
worth noting that Kuwait has adapted a naval ES/electronic
intelligence (ELINT) system (ITT Electronic Systems 2- to 18GHz band AR 900) for installation in a TCOM Model 71M airborne early warning aerostat that it acquired during 2003 and
which is believed to remain in service.
POWER DIVIDERS/
COMBINERS
2-way through
16-way in N,
SMA, BNC, TNC
and 7/16 DIN
connector styles
from 0.4 to 18.0 GHz.
DC BLOCKS
Aviation
Micr
Mi
c owave Radio
Ea
artth St
Statio
on
Mobi
Mo
bile
le Satellite
In
Inst
nstru
ume
ment
ntat
a io
at
ion
n
Rada
Ra
darr
L, S,
S, C, X, an
and
d Ku Bands
Tele
leme
metr
try
y
ATTENUATORS
Most available in
1 dB increments
from 0 - 40dB.
Power ratings
from 2 to 150
Watts.
INTEGRATED ASSEMBLIES
Available in N,
BNC, TNC, SMA &
7/16 DIN
configurations .
Power ratings to
500 watts (2.5

kW peak).
Let MECA
create an
integrated
assembly with
any of our
standard RF/Microwave
products on 19 panels, shelves
or enclosures.
459 East Main Street
RF LOADS
DIRECTIONAL & HYBRID

COUPLERS
Average power
handling from
50W to 1kW.
Standard
coupling values
of 3, 6, 10, 20, 30 and 40 dB.
Pow ratings
Power
from 1 to 500
w
watts and
ffrequency
rang
ranges up to
18 GHz.
BIAS TEES
CIRCULATORS & ISOLATORS
Covering
bands from 0.5
2.5 GHz and
0.7 to 2.7 GHz
in 7/16 DIN,
SMA, N, BNC & TNC configurations
with RF power ratings to
300 watts (3 kW peak).
In both N &
SMA-Female
connectors with
average power
ratings
r
from 2 to
250 watts. Popular frequency
bands between 0.7 - 18.0 GHz.
Denville, NJ 07834
To learn more, please call 866-444-6322 or visit our website at www.e-MECA.com
NAVAL EW
Information Assurance
and Security
Maintaining Secure And Reliable
Pathways For Sharing Information
In A Cloud Computing Environment
44
April 4-6, 2011 | Washington, D.C.

Featured Speakers:
Colonel Joseph Puett, Commander
JITC
Colonel Frederick Henry, Deputy Commander for Operations
NETCOM / 9th Signal Command
Colonel Michael Jones, Deputy Director, Cyber Emerging Technologies, CIO / G6
US Army
Richard White, Director of Information Operations, 67th Network Warfare Wing US Cyber Command
US Air Force
Robert Butler, Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Cyber Policy
OSD
Richard Moore, Chief, Information Assurance, Security and Intelligence Directorate
DARPA
Testimonials:
I was concerned that I would leave this conference with more gestures than answers due to its
unclassied format. This concern was put to bed from the rst day with relevant and correct
briengs. Excellent conference.
US Army Intelligence Command
It never fails that one of these events exposes you to new viewpoints and concepts, no matter
your experience level.
OSD Policy and Plans
For More Information, Please Contact:

David Drey E: ddrey@marcusevansch.com | T : 312 540 3000 ext. 6583
512000_Marcus.indd 1
2/1/11 9:26:47 AM
The European EW base has been

equally successful in the Middle Eastern
naval arena, with both the French and
UK arms of Thales being particularly
prominent. Here, Thales UK-supplied ES
and radar jamming systems continue
in service with the navies of Algeria,
Bahrain, Egypt, Morocco, Oman, Qatar,
Tunisia and Turkey, while Thales France
sourced systems serve aboard Kuwaiti,
Omani, Qatari and Saudi Arabian vessels.
For its part, a variant of Elettronicas
SEAL ES architecture has been selected
for the UAEs Baynunah class corvette
program (Baynunah class ships are also
fitted with Rheinmetalls MASS decoy
launcher, DRS Technologies ZS-4015E
V/UHF communications intercept system and Saabs NLWS-310 laser warner),
while French contractor Sagem Dfense
Scurit Dagaie decoy launchers can be
found on warships operated by Bahrain,
Kuwait, Morocco and Qatar. Again, Esterline Technologies UK subsidiary Wallop Defence Systems Barricade series
decoy launchers are in service aboard
Algerian, Bahraini and Omani warships.
For its part, US penetration of the region appears to center on Saudi Arabia
and systems that form part of the equipment fit aboard US Navy warships that
have been transferred to allied nations.
Beyond the currently serving systems, JED has identified new and potential naval programs in Algeria, Morocco,
Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the UAE.
In order, Algeria has a requirement for
four new frigates, with sources suggesting possible candidates as the FrancoItalian Fregate Multi-Mission (Fregate
Europea Multi-Missione in Italian
FREMM) and Russian Steregushchiy-Class
frigates or (as an alternative) off-theshelf acquisition of a number of ex Royal Brunei Navy corvettes. For its part,
Morocco is acquiring three Dutch-built
Ship Integrated Geometrical Modularity Approach (SIGMA) class frigates together with a single FREMM class vessel.
Here, sources suggest that EW provision
aboard the SIGMA ships will include
Thales Vigile ES and Scorpion radar
jamming systems, while the FREMM unit
will be equipped with a Thales France ES
architecture and Sagems New Generation Decoy System (NGDS).
Open to Great Britain, Canada, Australia

and US personnel who hold clearances
Come for one conference,

stay for both
Joint Advanced Electronic
Attack Conference
AEA Operations Supporting Land,
Sea and Air
March 14-15, 2011
Training in the Contested

EMS Battlespace
March 16-18, 2011
Hosted at the Weapons School at Nellis AFB,

the conference examines Joint AEAs role in
counter-insurgency operations and the challenges
of operating in a contested electro-magnetic (EM)
spectrum across the range of military operations.
Industry and coalition partners participate in

an assessment of the current state of training in
complex spectrum-contested environments and
outline opportunities and solutions for the 21st
century.
Sessions include:
+ Contested EM Environment
+ Non-Kinetic Effects Integration
+ Joint AEA Support to Combat Operations
Topics covered:
+ Opportunities to Train with Coalition Partners
+ Tools of Live/Virtual/Constructive (LVC)
Constructs
+ LVC Training Solutions for Coalition
Warghters
+ US-Only Sessions
t Identifying Challenges of Training in All
Five Domains
t Determining LVC Training Alternatives
Nellis Air Force Base

and Las Vegas, NV
BROUGHT TO YOU BY:
Related course:
EW Modeling & Simulation Course
Las Vegas, NV, March 14-15
Registration form, agenda, schedule of events

and hotel information are available online.
Visit crows.org for more information.
SAVE
on regis
tr
when you ation
sign-up
for both
events
46
Turning to Oman, Thales has scored a

major success with its Vigile ES system,
which has been selected for installation
aboard the countrys Al Bushra class patrol vessels (Vigile 200), Dhofar class fast
attack craft (Vigile 200) and Khareef and
Qahir class corvettes (Vigile 400). Of these,
the Khareef class (three of which are building, with the first-of-class being expected
to be delivered during 2011) also benefits
from a MASS-2L installation. For its part,
the Qatari Navy has a requirement for a
new 45-meter patrol craft which may
(or may not) benefit from EW provision,
while Saudi Arabia is looking to replace
its Medina-Class frigates. If consummated,
this will be a big-ticket program that will
involve up to six ships with sources suggesting the Franco-Italian FREMM or one
of the two American Littoral Combat Ship
designs as being potential candidates for
such a buy.
Last but by no means least (and aside
from its Baynunah-Class corvettes), the
UAE Navy has embarked on its Abu Dhabi-Class corvette and Falaj 2-Class strike
craft programs, with sources suggesting
that both will be equipped with variants of Elettronicas Seal ES architecture
(Seal-H for the Abu Dhabi Class and SealL for the Falaj 2 vessels) and MASS decoy
launchers. Of these various ship classes
(and as this is being written), one Abu
Dhabi-Class corvette is being built (with
an option for a second pending), with a
pair of Falaj 2-Class strike craft scheduled for first delivery during 2012.
GROUND EW
While identifying Middle Eastern
air and naval EW activity is relatively
easy, finding hard information concerning ground applications is much more
difficult. Indeed (and outside Turkey),
the author has only been able to firmly
identify two relevant programs, namely
Egypts acquisition of six 0.5- to 18-GHz
band, shelter-mounted, ITT Electronic
Systems ES-3000 ES/ELINT systems and
a Jordanian order for what is termed as
an Electronic Warfare Battalion System
(EWBS) that was announced in late December. Here, DRS Defense Solutions has
been awarded a $37.1 million Foreign
Military Sales contract covering the
supply of two EWBS architectures for
the Jordanian military. Each turn-key
EWBS is described as comprising an EW

operations center, two electronic attack
systems and six ES/surveillance systems and is intended (as its designation
suggests) for use at Battalion level (see
related article in World Report). At the
time of this writing, no delivery date for
this architecture had been ascertained.
Elsewhere, the author is aware that
variants of Thales UKs 0.4 to 18 GHz
band Corvus III ELINT system have been
supplied to at least one unidentified
Middle Eastern customer while the Turkish contractor Aselsan produces a range
of COMINT and communications jamming
systems (including the 20 to 1,000 MHz
band DFINT-3A2 direction-finder and intelligence system, the V/UHF band DFINT3T2 direction-finder and the V/UHF band
JAMINT-3 and the 1 to 30 MHz band JAMINT-4S communications jammer) that
JED believes have been supplied to the
Turkish military. Just as interestingly,
Tehran-based IRAN Electronics Industries is known to have developed two
ground-based communications jammers
(designated as the HJS-1000 and the VJS200 and covering the 2 to 30 MHz and 2
to 500 MHz bands respectively). Again,
IRAN Electronics is also billed as manufacturing a 40 mm naval chaff decoy
under the designation CCC 40 and it is
possible that the Iranians have managed
to keep operable some of the EW equipment (such as the AN/ALQ-119 jammer
and the Ibex SIGINT aircraft) that the
US supplied to the country prior to the
fall of the Shah in 1979.
There can be no doubt that there is

a ready market for radio frequency surveillance equipment as Middle Eastern
rulers and governments struggle with
the religious radicalization of their populations, calls for more democratic rule
and the rise of terrorism and insurgency
aimed at toppling existing regimes. It is
not rocket science therefore to forecast a
significant market for cellular telephone
monitoring and locating equipment and
technological fixes for controlling the
Internet throughout the region.
As a final thought on EW in the Middle
East, readers should be aware of a growing trend toward industrial participation
rather than merely passive equipment
purchase. Here, Saudi Arabia is looking to
develop its defense manufacturing base,
both as a means of maintaining sovereignty and as a way of soaking up the
energies of its young people in order to
prevent their radicalization. Again, Turkey (with its already developed defense
electronics industry) requires industrial
participation/offset as a standard part of
many of its offshore defense purchases.
As before, it is not hard to see that such
requirements can only increase with time
and that industrial/technology transfer/
training packages could form a significant revenue stream in the not too distant future.
While by no means all encompassing,
it is hoped that the foregoing will have
given the reader some insights into EW
activity in this difficult but enormously
important region of the world. a
47
508398_Mercury.indd 1
1/25/11 1:20:38 PM
The AOC Electronic Warfare

Pavilion at DSEi 2011
DSEi in London, UK, is the worlds largest fully integrated defence and security
exhibition, with land, naval, air and security platforms all on show. The AOC
are hosting an Electronic Warfare Pavilion at DSEi 2011, allowing companies to
showcase their capabilities to the worlds defence community.
FOR FURTHER DETAILS CONTACT:
Preferential space rates starting at 2,700

Inclusive package with furniture and electrics
Use of lounge and meeting room
Free access to seminars and workshops
Don Richetti
T +1 (703) 549 1600
E richetti@crows.org
DSEI03_Ad.indd 1
Doug Schlam
T +1 (203) 275 8014
E doug.schlam@clarionevents.com
1/26/11 3:15:12 PM
Dixie Crow Symposium 36

Electronic Warfare Shaping Americas Defense
March 20-24, 2011
Robins AFB Museum of Aviation, Warner Robins, GA
Join us for the 36th Annual Dixie Crow Symposium, March 20-24, at the Museum of Aviation in
Warner Robins, GA. Registration is FREE, if postmarked by March 4. After March 4, fees apply.
TAKE ADVANTAGE OF SPONSORSHIP PACKAGES
Support the Dixie Crow Scholarship fund through this years sponsorship packages, listed below.
And if your company wants to provide additional sponsorship dollars directly to the scholarship fund,
please send a check with your registration made out to: Dixie Crow Education Foundation.
The Educational Foundation tax ID is: 52-1496399 501(c)(3).
Platinum ($5,000)
Gold ($2,500)
Silver ($1,000)
Bronze ($500)
Banner displayed in exhibit

hall (company provides)
Logo on sign near stage in
exhibit hall
Logo on sign in Hospitality
suite
Logo in Symposium
brochure
Logo on sign at golf
tournament
Golf hole sign
Logo on webpage
Logo on sign near stage in

exhibit hall
suite
Logo in Symposium
brochure
tournament
Golf hole sign
Logo on webpage

suite
Logo in Symposium
brochure
tournament
Golf hole sign
Logo on webpage
Logo in Symposium
brochure
tournament
Golf hole sign
Logo on webpage
Golf Hole sign only $100
DIXIE CROW SYMPOSIUM 36 20 24 March 2011

LATE FEES WILL BE ASSESSED IF FORM IS POSTMARKED AFTER 4 MARCH 2011
Name (Last, First):
Street:
Name to appear on badge:
Guests Name for badge (Limit One Per Registrant):
Email Address (Optional):
Company/Organization:
State:
Business Telephone:
Cell Phone (for Speakers):
City:
Title/Rank:
Zip:
Must be fi lled in if you want E-Mail confi rmation of our receipt of registration material or if you are using credit card to pay.
Registration for the exhibits/symposium is Free; however, we request that you select the boxes below that apply.
CONTRACTOR/CIVILIAN
GOVERNMENT/MILITARY
GOLF REGISTRATION ONLY
LATE FEE (Assessed After 4 March 2011/Not assessed to Speakers)
$25.00
GOLF TOURNAMENT (21 March): (Refer to Registration Brochure For Tournament Details)
$50.00/person
Preferred Tee Time: Morning (8am) Afternoon (12:30) (Your tee-time is determined by order of arrival of registration form)
Identify golfers on your team. Check the box of each golfer you are paying for with this registration.
Name:
Handicap:
Name:
BANQUETS
Handicap:
Name:
Handicap:
Name:
Handicap:
Number
SPORTS BAR-B-QUE: (Monday Night at The Landings Country Club, March 21)
$15.00/each
SYMPOSIUM DINNER BANQUET: (Wednesday Night at Museum, March 23)
$35.00/each
Make Checks Payable To: The Dixie Crow Chapter:
TOTAL FEES DUE:
Credit Card Number:
(U.S. Funds Only)

Exp. Date:
Visa
MasterCard
American Express
SECURITY PROCEDURES
VISIT REQUEST INFORMATION: If you plan to attend any of the classified events (see brochure for details) you must have your security manager submit a Visit Request
via JPAS to SMO: RX1MFPTK6, Purpose: Meeting, POC: DIXIE CROW SYMPOSIUM, PHONE: Chuck DeBoe (478) 929-1454. If your company does not have access to JPAS,
your security manager must fax a Visit Request letter to (478) 926-7894 or mail the form to the address listed below. See the Dixie Crow website for the blank Visit Request.
Refund Policy: Cancellations must be postmarked 14 days prior to the symposium to receive a refund. Direct registration questions to Nikki Davis via aoc.dixiecrows@gmail.com
Mail To: The Dixie Crow Chapter, Attn: Registration Chairman, P.O. Box 1331, Warner Robins, Georgia 31099-1311
WWW.DIXIECROW.ORG
FOR DIXIE CROW REGISTRATION STAFF ONLY
DATE RECEIVED:
GOLF INFO PROCESSED:
PROCESSED BY:
TOTAL FEES PAID:
CHECK NUMBER:
CLEARANCE PROCESSED:
CONFIRMATION SENT:
DEPOSIT NUMBER:
16th Conference & Exhibition

25-27 May 2011
Estrel Convention Center
Berlin, Germany
*2
*1
she
Fr
ONLIN
d.
har
ee
c o.
uk
en
/ev
ts
ne
ntr y
R E GIS
R
TE
*3
exhibit
io
The global electronic warfare conference & exhibition

Covering land, air and maritime EW
Partner and Supporting Organisations as of 14 Oct 2010
In Collaboration with:
COMINT Day Partner:
*1 Courtesy of armasuisse ISSYS Self Protection Solution from RUAG

*2 Courtesy of Lockheed Martin
*3 Courtesy of BAE Systems
Official Media:
Media Partners:
shephard.co.uk/events
EW 101
ES vs. SIGINT Part 2
Antenna and Range

Considerations
ANTENNA ISSUES
50
Antennas can be characterized as directional or nondirectional. This is, of course, a great over-simplification.
Antennas, such as whips and dipoles, are sometimes (incorrectly) described as omni-directional. This is not true, as both
antenna types have nulls in their coverage. However, both
types, if vertically oriented, provide 360 degrees of azimuthal
coverage. There are also circular arrays of directional antennas that provide full azimuthal coverage. Directional antennas (including but not limited to parabolic dishes, phased
arrays or log periodic antennas) restrict their coverage to a
reduced angular sector.
Angular coverage has a significant impact on the probability of intercepting a hostile signal at an unknown direction of arrival. As shown in Figure 1, a 360-degree coverage
antenna (or array of antennas) looks in all directions all of

VHF
6&$1
VHF
6&$1

VHF
6&$1
VHF
6&$1

DQ
PH
RIWL

WD
WRQ

UJ
HW

3HUFHQWDJHRIWLPHDQWHQQDLVRQWDUJHW
his month, we will deal with some technical differences between ES and SIGINT systems dictated
by mission and environment considerations. These
differences have to do with the anticipated intercept geometry, the different types of information
taken from intercepted hostile signals, and time
criticality of intercepts.
'ZHOORQ6LJQDO$QJOHRI$UULYDOPVHF
By Dave Adamy
G%%HDPZLGWKLQ'HJUHHV
Figure 2: The percentage of angular space within the antenna beam

varies inversely with the beamwidth, as does the dwell time at the
signals angle of arrival.
the time, so it will input any new signal to a receiver as soon

as it occurs. The directional antenna, on the other hand,
must be scanned to the direction of arrival of a new signal
before it can be received. If a hostile signal is present for a
limited time, the probability of intercept is a function of the
antenna beam width and the scan rate of the antenna. For an
intercept to occur, the antenna must
be moved to place the signals direc&RYHUDJHE\
tion of arrival into the antenna beam
1%DQWHQQD
coverage area.
(PLWWHUGZHOOLQDQWHQQD
As shown in Figure 2, the beamwidth
%:63
determines the percentage of possible
angles of arrival covered by the anten%: $QWHQQDEHDPZLGWK
63 $QWHQQD6FDQ3HULRG
na. To use this part of the figure, draw
a line straight up from the beamwidth
to the black line, then draw right to the
black ordinate value. This considers only
one search dimension (e.g., azimuthal
(PLWWHUGZHOOLQDQWHQQD
search); a two-dimensional search is

significantly more difficult. In the same
&RYHUDJHE\
DQWHQQD
figure, the amount of time that a scanning antenna will dwell on the signals
angle of arrival (also in azimuth only)
is shown as a function of beam width
)L
$ G
OLN
GL O
KL
LG
I OO L
K I
for various circular scan periods. To use
Figure 1: A 360-degree antenna, like a dipole or whip, provides 100 percent coverage of all
this part of the figure, draw straight up
azimuths of arrival, while a narrow-beam antenna must be scanned to the correct direction
from the beam width to the green line
of arrival.
E W101
INTERCEPT RANGE CONSIDERATIONS

*DLQLQG%IRU(FLHQF\

G%%HDPZLGWKLQ'HJUHHV
)LJXUH 7KH JDLQ RI D QDUURZ EHDP DQWHQQD YDULHV LQYHUVHO\ ZLWK LWV EHDPZLGWK
Figure 3: The gain of a narrow-beam antenna varies inversely with its beamwidth.
for the selected scan period, then draw left to the green ordinate value. It should be noted that a frequency search must be
made during the time the antenna is pointed at each possible
angle of arrival. The narrower the antenna beam, the slower
the receiving antenna must be scanned to allow for frequency
search. Thus, the longer it will take to find a signal of interest
at unknown frequency and angle of arrival. Frequency search
will be discussed next month.
Normally, SIGINT intercepts are less time critical. Thus, a
delay in intercept caused by scanning a narrow beam antenna
is likely to be acceptable. However, because ES systems must
typically intercept a hostile signal within a small number of
seconds, a wide coverage antenna or array of antennas is usually required.
As shown in Figure 3, there is a trade-off of the half power
(3 dB) beamwidth of an antenna and the antenna gain. This
figure is for a 55-percent efficient parabolic dish antenna, but
this trade-off applies to all types of narrow beam antennas.
The receiving antenna gain is an important consideration in
the range at which a hostile signal can be intercepted, as discussed below.
This means that wide-coverage (hence low-gain) antennas are almost always required for ES systems, while narrowbeam (hence high-gain) antennas may be the best solution for
SIGINT systems.
RI = Anti-log
{[ERPT 32 -20 log(F) + GR S] / 20}
Where: RI = the intercept range in km
ERPT = the effective radiated power of the target
emitter in dBm
F = the frequency of the transmitted signal
GR = the gain of the receiving antenna in the
direction of the target emitter
S = the sensitivity of the receiver system in dBm
Communication signals will propagate in the line-of-sight or

2-ray modes, depending on the link distance, antenna heights
and frequency. If propagation is in the 2-ray mode, the intercept range is given by the formula:
RI = Anti-log {[ERPT 120 + 20 log(hT) + 20 log (hR) +
GR S] / 40}
Where: RI = the intercept range in km
ERPT = the effective radiated power of the target
emitter in dBm
hT = the height of the transmitting antenna in meters
hR = the height of the receiving antenna in meters
GR = the gain of the receiving antenna in the
direction of the target emitter
S = the sensitivity of the receiver system in dBm
As you can see from these formulas, the intercept range is

always impacted by the receiving antenna gain and the sensitivity of the receiving system. Note that the sensitivity is the
required signal strength for a successful intercept. The more
sensitivity the receiving system has,
the lower this number will be. For example, a high-sensitivity receiver might
have a sensitivity of -120 dBm, while
(53
a low-sensitivity receiver could have a
+267,/(
5$1*(
(0,77(5
sensitivity of -50 dBm.
The effective radiated power (ERP)
5(&(,9(5
of
the
target emitter is the amount of
*$,1
6<67(0
power it transmits in the direction of
the intercepting receiver. Tactical com6(16,7,9,7<
munication threats will usually have
360-degree antennas with fairly constant
gain vs. azimuth; the ERP is the sum of
Figure 4: The range at which a receiving system can intercept a hostile emitter signal is a function
the transmitter power (in dBm) and the
of antenna gain and receiver system sensitivity.
Figure 4 shows an intercept situation for either an ES or SIGINT system. Note that the range
at which a receiving system can intercept a hostile signal depends on the effective radiated power of the target signal, the applicable propagation
mode, the receiving antenna gain in the direction
of the emitter, and the sensitivity of the receiving
system. Propagation modes are discussed in detail
in the EW 101 columns in the July, August and
September 2007 editions of JED.
Radar and data link signals typically propagate
in the line-of-sight mode. In this mode, the intercept range is given by the formula:
51
E W101
while an ELINT system would be specified to intercept side lobe transmissions
$9(5$*(
from target radar emitters. This means
6,'(/2%(
6,'(
that an ES system will often require less
*$,1
/2%(6
sensitivity and/or receiving antenna
gain than an ELINT system.
%25(6,*+7
SIGINT systems are generally as*$,1
sumed to require greater intercept
range than ES systems however, as
with all generalities, this depends on
0$,1/2%(
the specific mission and situation. If
we accept that SIGINT systems require
greater intercept range, the receivFigure 5: Radar ESM systems are often characterized as receiving signals from the boresight of
threat radar antennas, while ELINT systems are often characterized as receiving average side lobe
ing antenna gain and/or the sensitivlevel signals.
ity must be greater than required for
ES
systems.
Narrow-beam
antennas have higher gain, but
antenna gain (in dB). However, radar threats are expected to
provide reduced probability of intercept (in a short time
have narrow-beam antennas. As shown in Figure 5, the narrowperiod). Thus, they are more appropriate for SIGINT applicabeam antenna has a main lobe and side lobes. The side lobes are
tions. Full-coverage antennas, while they provide less gain,
shown simplified in that they are all the same strength actual
can provide significantly better probability of intercept in
antenna side lobes vary. However, the drawing is realistic in
a short time period, so are generally most appropriate for
that the nulls between the lobes are much narrower than the
ES systems.
lobes. This means that an intercept receiver pointed at the radar
threat emitter away from the direction of the main beam can be
expected to encounter an ERP at the average side lobe level. This
Whats Next
level is usually stated as: S/L = -N dB, where N is the number of
Next month, we will continue our discussion of the technical
dB that the average side lobe level is below the boresight gain.
differences between ES and SIGINT, with coverage of receiver
Although not always true, it is fairly common for an ES sysand data collection issues. For your comments and suggestions,
tem to be specified to receive the main lobe of a radar threat
Dave Adamy can be reached at dave@lynxpub.com. a
S
IE
T AC R OW
The Billy Mitchell Chapter Invites You to Attend

the 2011 Mountain-Western Region
Technical Symposium
You are invited to join us
April 11th through April 14th, 2011
in San Antonio during our fabulous Fiesta week!
EW/IO in a Cyber World
AN T
ONI
O,
TI
IA
ON
O F OL
D
S
OW
CR
eld in conjunction with the National Collegiate Cyber Defense Competition (NCCDC)
(8-10 April), and the Congressional Cyber Security Caucus Summit (9 April),
FiestaCrow 2011 will bring together renowned cyber/IO policy makers and technical
experts, providing you the opportunity to meet and hear senior officials such as Mr. Howard
Schmidt, White House Cyber Policy Coordinator; Mr. Robert Butler, Deputy
Assistant Secretary of Defense for Space and Cyber Policy; Major General
Richard Webber, Commander, 24th Air Force; and Major General Bradley
Heithold, Commander, Air Force Intelligence, Surveillance & Reconnaissance
Agency. FC11 is co-sponsored by the Air Force ISR Agency and 24th Air Force.
ASS
O
Y
LL
TE
BI
52
I TC
H
H E LL C
For additional Information, go to our website at www.FiestaCrow.com
FiestaCrow_Ad.indd 1
1/21/11 9:44:56 AM
association news
FINAL REPORT: AOCS FIRST ANNUAL REPROGRAMMING CONFERENCE
Zeta Associates, provided a terrific opening presentation
on an industry perspective of reprogramming and current
industry COIs. He set the stage with a look at how similar
industries address very similar issues. Introducing the concept of Co-opetition to the audience, he challenging them
from the get-go that business as usual was not acceptable.
Session 2s keynote speaker was Mr. Steve Hayden from
USD(I). Mr Haydens presentation on intelligence mission
data highlighted DOD efforts to harmonize the data process and address the issues of not only volume but also the
breadth of 21st century data requirements. Session 3 started with a keynote address from Mr. Jim Detjen, DIA Chief
Scientist, on the changing face of scientific and technical
intelligence and an emphasis on its exponential growth.
In Session 1 conference attendees heard from representatives of each of the services reprogramming managers
as well as a joint perspective presented by both the Joint
Electronic Warfare Directorate and the Air-Land-Sea Application Center. Common themes of the presenters included
challenges presented by the multitude of different systems,
maintaining legacy systems viability and the speed (or
lack) of the reprogramming process.
Session 2 was dedicated to discussions of data itself.
From the NASIC conference in July, the need for more standardized data and their harmonization were identified as a
critical issue for both the intel and operations communities.
Presentations in this session highlighted key topics and issues within acquisition, data management and spectrum
growth. Various data management systems including the
Next Generation EWIR System (NGES), the EWIR data base
(EWIRDB), and E-Space highlighted the growing complexity
and the need for data compatibility of automated systems
to assist with data management. One of the more unique
perspectives presented was the issue of maintaining system
firmware applications and how that process must align with
mission data management.
As EW systems continue to evolve in a 21st century cyber
environment, so too are the requirements and diversity of
systems that use mission data. With the stage set for Session 3 by Mr. Detjen, presenters addressed key issues from
the perspectives of non-traditional data users. All the services and organizations use their own organic from of rapid
reprogramming. While there seem to be many similarities,
the subtle differences only highlight the growing importance
The AOC conducted its 1st Annual EW Reprogramming

Conference Dec 15th and 16th at the Shades of Green in
Orlando, FL. Chaired by Mr. Craig Harm, the conference was
a long overdue look at the current EW reprogramming process, its participants and what will be needed to make the
process viable in the 21st Century.
The conferences theme was Information Age EW Reprogramming A 21st Century Data Revolution. While previous AOC conferences have addressed reprogramming as one
of the topics, this conference was dedicated to modernizing
the reprogramming process. Three sessions outlined the
discussions: 1) Perspectives of the various participants, 2)
Data and it harmonization throughout the process, and 3)
Systems that require reprogramming.
The significance of the conference was not only in the
topic itself, but in how the need for the conference arose.
In July 2009 the AOC conducted its first Intelligence and
Electronic Warfare conference at the National Air and Space
Intelligence Center on Wright-Patterson Air Force Base,
Ohio. Titled Operationalizing Intelligence for Electronic
Warfare in the 21st Century, the conferences principle
objective was to foster a better integration of Intelligence
and Electronic Warfare. One of that conferences principal
outcomes was the identification of EW databases and the
multiple reprogramming languages now required as an immediate issue. This EW Reprogramming conference was a
direct response to meet a specific request from operators,
intelligence analysts and industry to address the issue of
EW reprogramming data.
Seven specific objectives were identified for the reprogramming conference: 1) Provide a fluid and substantive
interactive environment for the entirety of the EW Reprogramming Community; 2) Develop a foundational understanding of 21st Century EW reprogramming requirements;
3) Develop a foundation for Data Cross-Compatibility; 4)
Gain a broader understanding of systems dependent on reprogramming data; 5) Integrate 21st Century information
age culture into reprogramming systems; 6) Understand the
needs and time-lines of reprogramming data users; and 7)
Form an ad hoc community of interest (COI) of all participants in the EW reprogramming process.
The conference was organized around three sessions:
User perspectives, Data harmonization, and System requirements. Session 1s keynote speaker, Dr. Randall Janka of
53
of data harmonization. The convergence of cyber and EW is

magnifying the need for scalable and configurable automated processes. Reprogramming on the fly and downloadable
data is driving requirements for a more hands-off approach
to the reprogramming process. The increasing use and prominence of modeling and simulation is creating an entirely new
user community dependent on current and validate mission
data to maintain the viability of their systems.
By far the most tangible outcome of the conference occurred in Session 4. As was demonstrated by the diverse and
broad range of participants in the EW reprogramming community, there is a specified and requested need for a multidiscipline, cross function, distributed, ad hoc COI whose
purpose is to affect and influence reprogramming. Mr. Walter Wolf, AOC President, opened this session with a pledge
that the AOC will take a leading role in helping bring this
COI to a reality. The basic objective of the COI would be to
provide a mechanism for people and organizations affected
by reprogramming to come together and share thoughts and
concepts on reprogramming. A panel of the keynote speakers helped shape discussions for the content of a COI. Conference attendees were then able to conduct an interactive
54
FIESTACROW 2011:
EL CUERVO VIEJO XIV
NOMINATIONS
FiestaCrow 2011 symposium organizers are also
seeking nominations for El Cuervo Viejo XIV (The Old
Crow, the Fourteenth), an honorary title bestowed by
the symposium upon an AOC member, nominated by
his/her peers, as one who best personifies the spirit
of the international Old Crows.
The person selected will debut on the AOC float during the internationally renowned San Antonio Texas
Cavaliers River Parade on Monday evening, April 11,
2011, in conjunction with the biennial AOC MountainWestern Region EW Technical Symposium, EW/IO in a
CYBER WORLD, April 11-14, 2011 (www.fiestacrow.com).
Written nominations for El Cuervo Viejo XIV, including biographical data and reasons the AOC member
is nominated, must be received no later than February
28 2011. The Symposium Call for Papers has also been
extended to February 28. Visit www.fiestacrow.com
for more information.
The nominee must be available to attend the FiestaCrow 2011 symposium. The selection committee
will treat all nominations confidentially, including
no response to the nominator. Nominations should be
sent to: El Cuervo Viejo Committee; c/o Milton V. Driggers, ECV XII; 21903 Somerton Lane; San Antonio, TX
78260; mdriggers@satx.rr.com.
working group to white-board a scope for the COI; i.e., to

outline a purpose, determine areas of interest, set expectations, brainstorm membership, etc. The AOC will act as an
executive secretariat to facilitate the COI and its activities.
More about the formulation of this COI will be available in
the coming months.
After 2 days of a very productive and informative
conference, a foundation was laid for an AOC-facilitated
Joint/Coalition Electronic Warfare Integrated Reprogramming Group. Attendees were able to baseline their
understanding of the challenges of EW Reprogramming in
the Information Age and then interact in an open forum
to begin the process of developing and documenting 21st
Century EW reprogramming mission data requirements.
Data standardization, sharing and access issues and solutions were a critical element of discussions and the
conference promoted a shared understanding through
discussions by process participants of their perspectives
and roles, their data needs and access, and the systems
that use reprogramming data. We look forward to the formulation of the EW Reprogramming COI and next years
subsequent conference.
OLD CROWS LOSE

A FOUNDING MEMBER
Walter J. Portune of Dayton, Ohio passed away January 1, 2011 at age 90. Portune was a founding member of
the AOC following his career as an Army Air Force officer
and as a division director in radar and electronic countermeasures research at Wright-Patterson AFB, OH.
Portune graduated from the University of Cincinnati, where he was captain of the varsity baseball team,
and also attended MIT and Harvard. He was a veteran
of World War II and was later involved in early stealth
technology research.
He is survived by his sons, Dr. Richard Portune and Buzz
Portune; daughters, Mary Kay Noble and Leslie Fisher; 11
grandchildren and one great-granddaughter.
Services were held January 6 at Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception Church in Dayton. Contributions in
Portunes memory may be made to Hospice of Dayton.
DONT FORGET: AOC AWARD

NOMINATIONS DUE APRIL 1
Ensure your colleagues receive credit for their hard
work by nominating them for AOC individual and unit
awards. Download the nomination form at
www.crows.org.
AOC Member Page
Member
Benefit Spotlight:
Aardvark Roost Announces Conference
AOC Store
The Aardvark Roost, the AOCs South Africa chapter, has announced dates for a fall conference. This years event will take
place September 13-14 at CSIRs Convention Center in Pretoria,
South Africa. Visit www.crows.org for more information as it
becomes available.
The AOC Store features everything from

AOC-logoed merchandise to keep your member
affiliation front and center, to critical books like
the Essentials of Electronic Warfare, Practical Communications Theory and the History of Electronic
Warfare. Visit www.crows.org and click the
AOC Store button on the right side of
the homepage to see all the items
currently available.
Dixie Crows Assist Habitat for Humanity
Chesapeake Roost Christmas Party
The Dixie Crow Chapter of the AOC assisted Habitat for Humanity by providing lunch for 25 attendees to their Homebuyer
Education Workshop at the Warner Robins Housing Authority
Office on Saturday, January 8.
The workshop sessions included the following topics:
Homeowner Education: Down-Payment Assistance Programs,
Choosing a Mortgage, Foreclosure Prevention, The Lending
Process
Financial Preparation: Credit and Budget
Home and Yard Maintenance
Being a Good Neighbor
The following Dixie Crow Members were present to assist
Mark Leslein: Jim Hundley, Greg Carter, Danielle Hoke, Marsha
Leslein and Lisa Frug. The Dixie Crows have committed to assisting Habitat for Humanity with their efforts a minimum of
once a quarter as requirements dictate.
55
Join the AOC
AOC MEMBERSHIP APPLICATION
FIRST _________________________ MIDDLE ______LAST ______________________________ RANK/TITLE ______

MAILING ADDRESS _________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
CITY ______________________________STATE ___________ZIP CODE _____________ COUNTRY _______________
TELEPHONE _____________________________________FAX (OPTIONAL) ___________________________________
EMAIL ____________________________________________________________________________________________
PAYMENT INFORMATION (Make checks payable to: Association of Old Crows)

1yr $45
3yr $115
LIFE $500
STUDENT $15
RETIRED $15
AOC EDUCATIONAL FOUNDATION DONATIONS $ __________________________________________________

Payment (US dollars only) Check One:
Check enclosed
Visa
MasterCard
American Express
Credit Card Number_______________________________________________Expiration Date ______________________

Please Sign _________________________________________________________________ Date ______________________
Recruited By ____________________________________________________________________________
Check here if you would like to be a part of the Information Operations Institute (IOI): The IO Institute is a
department of the Association of Old Crows chartered by the AOC Board of Directors to give members of the
IO community an opportunity to exchange ideas and keep informed about current and discrete developments
in the field of Information Operations.
EMPLOYER TYPE
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
Army
Navy
Coast Guard
Marines
Air Force
DoD Civilian
Government
Non-DoD
R Industry
R Education
R Other
PRINCIPAL JOB
FUNCTION
R Management, Corp.
R Management,
General
R Engineering R&D
R Operations
R Marketing
R Data Processing
R Procurement
R Production
R Engineering Support
R Training
R Testing
R Other
PRODUCT/SERVICE/
APPLICATION
R EW
R Avionics
R Intelligence
R Cyberspace
R Computers
R Electronics
R Electro-Optics
R Communications
R Test/Diag.
R Logistics
R Spectrum Mgmt.
R Consultant
R Components
R Space Applications
R Radar
R Directed Energy
R IO
R Other
Association of Old Crows
1000 North Payne Street, Suite 200 Alexandria, VA 22314 Phone: 703-549-1600 Fax: 703-549-2589 www.crows.org
AOCMembership_HALFPG_EditorialAd.indd 1
1/4/11 1:42:42 PM
AOC Industry and Institute/University Members

SUSTAINING
Agilent Technologies
Applied Research Associates
Inc.
Argon ST
BAE SYSTEMS
The Boeing Company
Chemring Group Plc
DRS Defense Solutions
Electronic Warfare
Associates, Inc.
Elettronica, SpA
General Dynamics
ITT
Northrop Grumman
Corporation
Raytheon Company
Rockwell Collins
Saab
TASC
Thales Communications
Thales Aerospace Division
INSTITUTE/UNIVERSITY
Georgia Tech Research
Institute
Mercer Engineering
Research Center
National EW Research and
Simulation Center
GROUP
56
453 EWS/EDW Research

AAI Corporation
Advanced Concepts
Advanced Testing
Technologies Inc
Aeronix
Aethercomm, Inc.
Air Scan Inc.
Akon, Inc.
Alion Science and
Technology
Alpha Design Technologies
Pvt. Ltd.
American Systems
AMPEX Data Systems
Anaren Microwave, Inc.
Anatech Electronics
Annapolis Micro
Systems, Inc.
Anritsu
Applied Geo Technologies
Applied Signal Technology
ARINC, Inc.
Aselsan A.S.
ATDI
ATK Missile Systems
Company
Avalon Electronics, Inc.
Azure Summit Technologies,
Inc.
Bharat Electronics Ltd.
Blackhawk Management
Corporation
Booz & Allen Hamilton
CACI International
CAP Wireless, Inc.
Ceralta Technologies Inc.
Clausewitz Technology
Cobham DES M/A-Com
Comtech PST
CPI
Crane Aerospace &
Electronics Group
CSIR
CSP Associates
Cubic Defense
Curtiss-Wright Controls
Embedded Computing
CyberVillage
Networkers Inc.
David H. Pollock
Consultants, Inc.
dB Control
Defence R&D Canada
Defense Research
Associates Inc.
Delta Microwave
Dynetics, Inc.
EADS Deutschland GmbH,
Defense Electronics
Elcom Technologies, Inc.
Electro-Metrics
Elisra Electronic
Systems, Ltd
EM Research Inc.
Empower RF Systems
EMS Technologies Inc.
ESL Defence Limited

Esterline Defense Group
ET Industries
e2v
EW Simulation
Technology Ltd
EWA-Australia Pty Ltd.
GBL Systems
Gigatronics Inc.
Honeywell International
Huber + Suhner
Hutchins & Associates, Inc.
Impact Science &
Technology
Innovationszentrum Fur
Telekommunikation
-stechnik GmbH (IZT)
Integrated Microwave
Technologies, LLC
ITCN, Inc.
iVeia, LLC
Jabil Circuit
JB Management, Inc.
JT3, LLC
Keragis Corporation
KMIC Technology
KOR Electronics, Inc.
L-3 Communications
L-3 Communications-Applied
Signal & Image Technology
L-3 Communications
Cincinnati Electronics
L-3 Communications/
Randtron Antenna
Systems
Lockheed Martin
Lockheed Martin Aculight
Corporation
Logos Microwave
Longmont Machining
Lorch Microwave
LNX
LS telcom AG
MacAulay-Brown
Mass Consultants
MC Countermeasures, Inc.
MegaPhase
Mercury Computer Systems
Micro-Coax, Inc.
Microsemi Corporation
Micro Systems
MiKES Microwave Electronic
Systems Inc.
Milso AB
MITEQ, Inc.
The MITRE Corporation
MRSL
Multiconsult Srl
My-konsult
New World Solutions, Inc.
Nova Defence
Nurad Technologies, Inc
Ophir RF Inc.
Orion International
Technologies
Overlook Systems
Technology
Overwatch Systems Ltd.
Phoenix International
Systems, Inc.
Plath, GmbH
Protium Technologies, Inc.
QUALCOMM
Queued Solutions, L.L.C.
Rafael-Electronic
Systems Div.
Research Associates
of Syracuse, Inc.
Rheinmetall Air Defence AG
Rising Edge Technologies
Rohde & Schwarz
GmbH & Co. KG
RUAG Holding
Science Applications
International Corporation
Scientific Research
Corporation
SELEX Galileo
SELEX Galileo Inc.
Shephard Group
Siemens Schweiz AG
Sierra Nevada Corporation
Sivers IMA AB
Soneticom, Inc.
SOS International
Southern Marketing
Associates, Inc.
SpecPro-Inc.
SprayCool
SRCTec, Inc.
SRI International
Strategic Influence
Alternatives, Inc.
Subsidium
Sunshine Aero Industries
SURVICE Engineering Co.
Symetrics Industries, LLC
Sypris Data Systems
Syracuse Research
Corporation
Systematic Software
Engineering
Systems & Processes
Engineering Corp.
SystemWare Inc.
Tactical Technologies Inc.
Tadiran Electronic
Systems Ltd.
TCI International
Tech Resources, Inc.
Technical Information
Products & Services LLC
(TIPS)
TECOM Industries
TEK Microsystems, Inc.
Tektronix, Inc.
Tektronix Component
Solutions
Teledyne Technologies
Teligy
Teleplan AS
TERASYS Technologies, LLC
TERMA A/S
Thales Components Corp.
Thales Homeland Security
Times Microwave Systems
TINEX AS
TMD Technologies
TRAK Microwave
TRIASYS Technologies Corp.
Tri Star Engineering
TRU Corporation
Ultra Electronics Avalon
Systems
Ultra Electronics Telemus
Wavepoint Research, Inc.
Werlatone Inc.
Wideband Systems, Inc.
X-Com Systems
ZETA Associates
BECOME An Industry OR INSTITUTE/UNIVERSITY MEMBER

Sign up now to become an industry or institute/university member and receive a discount on exhibit space at the
AOC National Convention in Washington, DC. Exhibit space is selling quickly. For more information on industry
membership visit our website at www.crows.org or contact Glorianne ONeilin at oneilin@crows.org or (703) 549-1600.
AOC INDUSTRY OR INSTITUTE/UNIVERSITY MEMBER BENEFITS

Opportunity to designate key employees for AOC membership
Reduced rates for exhibit space at the AOC National Convention
Free organization narrative annually in the Journal of Electronic Defense (JED)
Names of industry members will appear in each issue of JED
Sponsored members receive discount for courses, and technical symposia
Strengthened industry/association/government coalition
Nonpartisan government relations
Highly ethical forum for free exchange of information
INDUSTRY FEE SCHEDULE
Expanded participation in professional activities
(Company size determines fee except for
Valuable professional contacts.
sustaining members)
MEMBER TYPE
SUSTAINING (ANY SIZE)
INSTITUTE/UNIVERSITY
LARGE (400+ Employees)
MEDIUM (50-399 Employees)
SMALL (10-49 Employees)
CONSULTANT (1-9 Employees)
ANNUAL FEE
$3,000
$1,500
$1,500
$1,000
$500
$300
SPONSORED MEMBERS
30
25
22
15
10
5
Index
of ad ve r tise r s
JED, The Journal of Electronic Defense

(ISSN 0192-429X), is published monthly
by Naylor, LLC, for the Association of
Old Crows, 1000 N. Payne St., Ste. 200,
Alexandria, VA 22314-1652.
POSTMASTER:
Send address changes to
JED, The Journal of Electronic Defense,
c/o Association of Old Crows,
1000 N. Payne St., Ste. 300,
Alexandria, VA 22314-1652.
Subscription Information:
Glorianne ONeilin
(703) 549-1600
oneilin@crows.org
JED Sales
Offices
AKON, Inc. ................................................. www.akoninc.com ........................................................ 35

ATK Defense Electronics Systems
Woodland Hills .................................... www.atk.com ..........................................................11, 21
BAE Systems .............................................. www.baesystems.com ........................58, inside back cover
Cobham Sensor Systems............................ www.cobham.com ......................................................... 13
Comtech PST Corp. .................................... www.comtechpst.com ................................................... 18
Crane Aerospace & Electronics.................. www.craneae.com/electronics .........................................8
DRS Defense Solutions .............................. www.DRS-DefenseSolutions.com ............ outside back cover
Emhiser Research ..................................... www.emhiser.com......................................................... 10
Empower RF Systems, Inc. ........................ www.empowerrf.com..................................................... 37
EW Simulation Technology Ltd ................. www.ewst.co.uk .............................................................5
EWA, Inc. ................................................... www.ewa.com .............................................................. 23
Grintek Ewation ........................................ www.gew.co.za ............................................................. 16
Herley Industries ...................................... www.herley.com ........................................................... 34
ITT Electronic Systems.............................. www.es.itt.com ..................................... inside front cover
ITT Microwave Systems ............................. www.ittmicrowave.com ................................................. 32
Naylor, LLC Florida

5950 NW 1st Place
Gainesville, FL 32607
Toll Free (US): (800) 369-6220
Fax: +1 (352) 331-3525
Sales Manager:
Melissa Zawada
Direct: +1 (352) 333-3407
melissaz@naylor.com
Project Manager:
Megan Sapp
Direct: +1 (352) 333-3473
msapp@naylor.com
Advertising Sales Representatives:
Shaun Greyling
Direct: +1 (352) 333-3385
sgreylin@naylor.com
Erik Henson
Direct: +1 (352) 333-3443
ehenson@naylor.com
Chris Zabel
Direct: +1 (352) 333-3420
czabel@naylor.com
Naylor Canada
100 Sutherland Ave.
Winnipeg, MB Canada R2W 3C7
Toll Free (US): (800) 665-2456
Fax: +1 (204) 947-2047
KOR Electronics ......................................... www.korelectronics.com .................................................3

L-3 Narda Microwave East......................... www.nardamicrowave.com ............................................ 31
LNX Corporation ....................................... www.lnxcorp.com ......................................................... 38
Lorch Microwave ....................................... www.lorch.com ............................................................. 33
Marcus Evans Inc ...................................... www.marcusevansdefense.com/t&e ...............................44
MECA Electronics, Inc. .............................. www.e-meca.com .......................................................... 43
Mercury Computer Systems, Inc. .............. www.mc.com ................................................................ 47
PLATH GmbH ............................................. www.plath.de .................................................................7
Rohde & Schwarz ....................................... www.rohde-schwarz.com ............................................... 14
SRC, Inc. .................................................... www.srcinc.com .............................................................9
Symetrics Industries, Inc. ........................ www.symetrics.com ...................................................... 25
Teligy......................................................... www.teligy.com ............................................................ 20
Tri Star Engineering Incs ......................... www.star3.com ............................................................. 42
Ultra Electronics TCS ................................ www.ultra-tcs.com........................................................ 27
Werlatone, Inc. .......................................... www.werlatone.com ...................................................... 19
X-Com Systems .......................................... www.xcomsystems.com ................................................. 30
Periodicals postage paid at Alexandria,

VA, and additional mailing ofces.
Subscriptions: JED, The Journal of
Electronic Defense, is sent to AOC
members and subscribers only.
Subscription rates for paid subscribers
are $160 per year in the US, $240 per
year elsewhere; single copies and back
issues (if available) $12 each in the US;
$25 elsewhere.
Aethercomm .............................................. www.aethercomm.com .................................................. 17
57
JED
quick look
Details
Page #
Lockheed Martin, EMARSS competition contested ...............................15
Active-protection systems for ground vehicles ................................... 29
MBDA, IMEWS for UAE Mirage ............................................................41
ADS GmbH, Advanced Modular Armor Protection Active Defense System

(AMAP-ADS) ............................................................................... 34
Mercury Computer, acquisition of LNX ............................................... 18

Middle East EW................................................................................. 40
Algeria, new frigates ........................................................................ 44
Morocco, EW for frigates ................................................................... 44
AOC EW reprogramming conference.....................................................53
Next Generation Jammer, RFI .............................................................15
Applied Signal Technology, acquisition by Raytheon .......................... 20
Niitek, US Army counter IED contract ................................................ 20
Aselsan, COMINT and comms jamming ............................................... 46
Northrop Grumman, EMARSS competition contested ............................15
Boeing, EMARSS competition .............................................................15
Northrop Grumman, Falcon Edge ........................................................41
Boeing, Next Generation Jammer ........................................................15
Northrop Grumman, Next Generation Jammer......................................15
Cassidian, Multifunction Self Protection System (MUSS) ......................32

Denel (Pty) Ltd, Land Electronic Defense System (LEDS) ..................... 34
DHS, IED jammer RFI ........................................................................ 22
Diehl BGT Defense, AVEPS vehicle protection ...................................... 30
DRS Defense Solutions, EW contract from Jordan ........................... 26, 46
Page #
AAI, separation into three units ....................................................... 20
Afghanistan, manpack COMINT .........................................................26
58
Details
ONR, BAA for W-Band receiver technology.......................................... 18

Oto Melara, Scudo APS ...................................................................... 36
Rafael, Trophy II .............................................................................. 36
Raytheon, acquisition of Applied Signal Technology ........................... 20
Eclipse Electronics, acquisition by Esterline ....................................... 20
Raytheon, Next Generation Jammer....................................................15
Elettronica, IMEWS for UAE Mirage .....................................................41
Raytheon, Quick Kill APS ...................................................................39
Elettronica, Italian MOD DIRCM contract .............................................26
Rheinmetall, MASS launcher for UAE Navy ......................................... 44
Elettronica, SEAL ES for UAE Navy ..................................................... 44
Rheinmetall, MUSS ............................................................................32
Elisra, Korean Air Force EW contract ...................................................26
Royal Saudi Air Force, Praetorian Integrated Defensive Aids Suite ....... 40
Elisra, Tandir IR detector .................................................................. 38
Royal Saudi Air Force, Tactical EW System for F-15s ............................ 40
El-Op, DIRCM program with Elettronica ...............................................26
Saab, Land Electronic Defense System (LEDS) ..................................... 34
EMARSS competition contested ..........................................................15

ES vs. SIGINT, part 2 ......................................................................... 50
Esterline, acquisition of Eclipse Electronics........................................ 20
FiestaCrow 2011, El Cuervo Viejo XIV Nominations .............................. 54
Sagem Dfense Scurit, Dagaie decoy ............................................... 44

Sagem Dfense Scurit, EIREL IR jamming .........................................32
Saudi Arabia, Saab 2000 airborne early warning .................................41
Goodrich Aerospace, AN/VVR-3 laser warning receiver ........................ 36
Selex Galileo, HIDAS for Kuwait......................................................... 42
Ground vehicle self-protection .......................................................... 28
Selex Galileo, Praetorian for Saudi Air Force ....................................... 40
IMI, Iron Fist APS............................................................................. 38
Textron, Tactical RPG Airbag Protection System (TRAPS) .....................39
IO, DOD policy clarification memo ..................................................... 22
Thales, Cerberus-II .......................................................................... 36
Israeli Ministry of Defense, Armored Shield Protection (ASPRO-A) ....... 36
Thales, IMEWS for UAE Mirage ............................................................41
ITT, ELINT systems ...................................................................... 42, 46
Thales, Naval EW for Middle East ....................................................... 44
ITT, Next Generation Jammer .............................................................15
Thales, Netherlands MOD ESM contract................................................26
ITT, separation into three companies ................................................. 20

Joint EW Division ............................................................................. 22
Joint IO Warfighting Center (JIOWC) .................................................. 22
Jordan, Electronic Warfare Battalion System ...................................... 46
Thales, Vigile ES and Scorpion .......................................................... 44

UAE, EW market ................................................................................41
US Air Force, RF Interference RFI .......................................................16
Krauss Maffei Wegmann, MUSS ...........................................................32
US Army, SIGINT/HUMINT vehicle RFI.................................................16
L-3 Communications, EMARSS competition contested ...........................15
US Secretary of Defense Robert Gates, new IO policy ........................... 22
L-3, upgrade for Saudi RE-3A Tactical Airborne Surveillance System..... 40
Wallop Defence, decoy launchers for Middle East ................................ 44
LNX Corp, acquisition by Mercury Computer ....................................... 20
Walter Portune, obituary .................................................................. 54
With more than 50 years of electronic warfare experience,

BAE SYSTEMS is pleased to sponsor the JED Quick Look.
WERE AS SERIOUS
ABOUT PROTECTING HIM
AS HE IS ABOUT PROTECTING US.
Our fighting men and women deserve

the worlds most advanced defense and
security technology. BAE Systems delivers
enhanced survivability solutions including
body armor, armored vehicles, life-saving
countermeasures, and situational awareness
systems to protect those who protect us.
Theyre some of the many ways we provide
advantage in the real world.
www.baesystems.com
Falcon
0XOWLFKDQQHO'LJLWDO
5HFHLYHU6\VWHP
Raising the Bar
in RF Performance
and SWAP
$SSOLFDWLRQV
:LUHOHVV6HDUFK ,QWHUFHSW
F
&20,17')7KHDWHU1HW&HQWULF
Geolocation
8SWR5)FKDQQHOVHDFK
FRYHULQJ0+]WR*+]
&KDQQHOVDUHVFDODEOH
QW
UHFRQJXUDEOHSKDVHFRKHUHQW
DQGRULQGHSHQGHQWO\WXQDEOH
6WDWHRIWKHDUW9+)8+)
SHUIRUPDQFHDQGSDFNDJHGHQVLW\
8(,$FKDVVLVXWLOL]LQJ*LJ(
DQG9LWDLQWHUIDFHVWDQGDUGV
)HDWXULQJFXWWLQJHGJH
'56(YHUHVW7HFKQRORJ\
To learn more about Falcon

visit www.drs-ds.com or email marketing@drs-ds.com
A product of DRS Signal Solutions.
<RXU0LVVLRQOur Commitment

Jedm 2011 02

Transféré par

Informations du document

Titre original

Copyright

Formats disponibles

Partager ce document

Partager ou intégrer le document

Options de partage

Avez-vous trouvé ce document utile ?

Ce contenu est-il inapproprié ?

Droits d'auteur :

Formats disponibles

Jedm 2011 02

Transféré par

Droits d'auteur :

Formats disponibles

FEBRUARY 2011

Vol. 34, No. 2

Also in this issue:

ITTs advances in providing the next generation of aircraft survivability equipment

Protecting lifelines with the next

February 2011 Volume 34, Issue 2

The Journal of Electronic Defense | February 2011

EW in the Middle East

With its rich resources and increasing defense

Tom Withington and John Knowles

Traditional ground vehicle protection has

On the cover: Photo courtesy US Army.

The View From Here

FEBRUARY 2011 Vol. 34, No. 2

EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD

Mr. Tom Arseneault

PUBLISHED FEBRUARY 2011/JED-M0211/5291

EW Modeling and Simulation

Aero India 2011

Low Probability of Intercept

Joint Electronic Attack Conference:

Dixie Crow Symposium

AOC events noted in red. For more

43$ *OD All rights reserved.

To find out more, visit www.srcinc.com/CREWDuke.

The IED threat is always there. And with CREW Duke, so is

IED protection that

ELINT and Modern Signals

SURVIAC ESAMS Training

Digital Radio Frequency Memory

Electro-Optic and IR Sensors

IR/Visible Signature Suppression

EW Modeling & Simulation

The Journal of Electronic Defense | February 2011

Essentials of Electronic Warfare

AOC courses are noted in red. For more

The Journal of Electronic Defense | February 2011

ontinued reliance on electronic warfare (EW) Quick Reaction Capability

Association of Old Crows

The most important thing we build is trust

Pictured collage incorporates images courtesy of the U.S. DoD

RF Receivers & Tuners

For further infomation on Cobham capabilities, please

*Others try, we succeed.

US ARMY EMARSS AWARD CONTESTED

US NAVY SCOPES JAMMER TECH

four engineering and manufacturing development aircraft, with an

MARSS platform in the photo above)

Design Review of a final NGJ design.

US ARMY EYES NEW SIGINT, HUMINT

Netted geo-location linked to the

Manpack operations with HUMINT

USAF SEEKS RF INTERFERENCE

The Journal of Electronic Defense | February 2011

point of contact is CAPT Ryan Goodwin,

exact needs and are ideally suited for many

ONR ISSUES EW TECHNOLOGY

Esterline Corp. (Bellevue, WA) has

Raytheon Company (Waltham, MA)

Niitek (Dulles, VA), a subsidiary of

market. LNX, which was partly owned by

The Journal of Electronic Defense | February 2011

RF Out: Direct, Antenna Coupled or

43$ *OD All rights reserved.