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INTERNATIONAL IEC
STANDARD 61300-3-6
Second edition
2003-02

Fibre optic interconnecting devices

and passive components –
Basic test and measurement procedures –

Part 3-6:
Examinations and measurements –
Return loss

Dispositifs d'interconnexion et composants passifs

à fibres optiques –
Méthodes fondamentales d'essais et de mesures –

Partie 3-6:
Examens et mesures – Puissance réfléchie

 IEC 2003  Copyright - all rights reserved

No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or
mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher.

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CONTENTS
FOREWORD .......................................................................................................................... 3
1 Scope .............................................................................................................................. 5
2 Normative references ....................................................................................................... 5
3 General description .......................................................................................................... 5
3.1 Method 1 ................................................................................................................ 6
3.2 Method 2 ................................................................................................................ 6
3.3 Method 3 ................................................................................................................ 6
3.4 Method 4 ................................................................................................................ 6
3.5 Selection of reference measurement method........................................................... 6
4 Apparatus and symbols .................................................................................................... 7
4.1 Device under test (DUT).......................................................................................... 7
4.2 Method 1: measurements with OCWR ..................................................................... 7
4.3 Method 2: measurements with OTDR ...................................................................... 9
4.4 Method 3: measurements with OLCR ...................................................................... 9
4.5 Method 4: measurements with OFDR .....................................................................11
5 Procedure .......................................................................................................................12
5.1 Launch conditions ..................................................................................................12
5.2 Pre-conditioning .....................................................................................................13
5.3 DUT output port .....................................................................................................13
5.4 Method 1: measurement with OCWR......................................................................13
5.5 Method 2: measurement with OTDR .......................................................................17
5.6 Method 3: measurement with OLCR .......................................................................20
5.7 Method 4: measurements with OFDR .....................................................................20
6 Details to be specified .....................................................................................................22
6.1 Return loss measurement with OCWR ...................................................................22
6.2 Return loss measurement with OTDR.....................................................................22
6.3 Return loss measurement with OLCR .....................................................................23
6.4 Return loss measurement of with OFDR .................................................................23
6.5 Measurement procedure ........................................................................................24

Annex A (informative) Comparison of return loss detectable by four different methods ..........25

Figure 1 – Measurement set-up of return loss OCWR method ................................................. 7

Figure 2 – Measurement set-up of return loss with OTDR method ........................................... 9
Figure 3 – Measurement set-up of return loss with OLCR method ..........................................10
Figure 4 – Measurement set-up of return loss with OFDR method ..........................................11
Figure 5 – Measurement set-up of the system reflected power ...............................................14
Figure 6 – Measurement set-up of the branching device transfer coefficient ...........................14
Figure 7 – Measurement set-up of the splitting ratio of the branching device ..........................15
Figure 8 – Measurement set-up of return loss with an OCWR ................................................15
Figure 9 – Typical OTDR trace of the response to a reflection ................................................17
Figure A.1 – Comparison of detectable return loss, resolution and measurable distance
for four return loss measurement methods .............................................................................25
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61300-3-6  IEC:2003(E) –3–

INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION

___________

FIBRE OPTIC INTERCONNECTING DEVICES

AND PASSIVE COMPONENTS –
BASIC TEST AND MEASUREMENT PROCEDURES –

Part 3-6: Examinations and measurements – Return loss

FOREWORD
1) The IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of the IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, the IEC publishes International Standards. Their preparation is
entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may
participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising
with the IEC also participate in this preparation. The IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization
for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two
organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of the IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an
international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation
from all interested National Committees.
3) The documents produced have the form of recommendations for international use and are published in the form
of standards, technical specifications, technical reports or guides and they are accepted by the National
Committees in that sense.
4) In order to promote international unification, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC International
Standards transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional standards. Any
divergence between the IEC Standard and the corresponding national or regional standard shall be clearly
indicated in the latter.
5) The IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any
equipment declared to be in conformity with one of its standards.
6) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject
of patent rights. The IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

International Standard IEC 61300-3-6 has been prepared by subcommittee 86B: Fibre optic
interconnecting devices and passive components, of IEC technical committee 86: Fibre optics.

This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1997 and its
amendments 1 (1998) and 2 (1999). This edition constitutes a technical revision.

The text of this standard is based on the following documents:

FDIS Report on voting

86B/1778/FDIS 86B/1832/RVD

Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.

This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.

IEC 61300 consists of the following parts, under the general title Fibre optic interconnecting
devices and passive components – Basic test and measurement procedures:

– Part 1: General and guidance

– Part 2: Tests
– Part 3: Examinations and measurements
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–4– 61300-3-6  IEC:2003(E)

The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
2007. At this date, the publication will be

• reconfirmed;
• withdrawn;
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.

A bilingual version of this publication may be issued at a later date.

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61300-3-6  IEC:2003(E) –5–

FIBRE OPTIC INTERCONNECTING DEVICES

AND PASSIVE COMPONENTS –
BASIC TEST AND MEASUREMENT PROCEDURES –

Part 3-6: Examinations and measurements – Return loss

1 Scope

This part of IEC 61300 presents procedures for the measurement of the return loss (RL) of
a fibre optic device under test (DUT). RL, as used in this standard, is the ratio of the power (P i )
incident on, or entering, the DUT to the total power reflected (P r ) by the DUT, expressed
in decibels:

P 
RL = −10 ⋅ log r  (1)
 Pi 

Return loss is a positive number.

2 Normative references

The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For
dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of
the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

IEC 60793-2 (all parts), Optical fibres – Product specifications

IEC 61300-1, Fibre optic interconnecting devices and passive components – Basic test and
measurement procedures – Part 1: General and guidance

IEC 61300-3-1, Fibre optic interconnecting devices and passive components – Basic test and
measurement procedures – Part 3-1: Examinations and measurements – Visual examination

IEC 61300-3-39, Fibre optic interconnecting devices and passive components – Basic test and
measurement procedures – Part 3-39: Examinations and measurements – PC optical connector
reference plug selection

3 General description

Four methods will be presented for measuring optical return loss:

− measurement with an optical continuous wave reflectometer (OCWR) (method 1);

− measurement with an optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) (method 2);
− measurement with an optical low coherence reflectometry (OLCR) (method 3);
− measurement with an optical frequency domain reflectometry (OFDR) (method 4).

These four measurement methods have different characteristics and different applications in
terms of spatial resolution and detectable RL (in annex A a comparison of return loss
detectable by the four different methods is reported).