FORMULE TRIGONOMETRICE

0
sin x
cos x
tg x
ctg x

CI

C II

C III

+
+
+
+

2
1
0
|
0

+
-

0
-1
0
|

+
+

0
1
0
|

sin x
tgx=
cos x
cos x
ctgx=
sin x
1
tgx=
ctx
1
ctgx=
tgx
1
secx=
cos x
1
cosecx=
sin x

sin
cos
tg
ctg

6
1
2

3
2
3
3
3

2
2
2
2

3
3

C IV

+
-

0
1
0
|

Formula fundamentala:

sin x =cosx
2

cos x =sinx
2

tg x =ctgx
2

ctgx x =tgx
2

3
2
1
2

3
2
-1
0
|
0

sin 2 x+cos 2 x=1

Formule provenite din formula fundamentala:

cos 2 x=1- sin 2 x
sin 2 x
tg 2 x=
1 sin 2 x
1 sin 2 x
ctg 2 x=
sin 2 x

tg 2 x
sin x=
1 + tg 2 x
1
cos 2 x=
1 + tg 2 x
1
ctg 2 x= 2
tg x

sin 2 x=1- cos 2 x

1 cos 2 x
tg 2 x=
cos 2 x
cos 2 x
ctg 2 x=
1 cos 2 x

Funcii trigonometrice:
f:
f:
f:
f:

[-1,1], f(x) = sinx

[-1,1], f(x) = cosx

\ + k / k Z , f(x) =tgx
2

\ {k / k Z } , f(x)= ctgx

Formule trignometrice

1
1 + ctg 2 x

ctg 2 x
1 + ctg 2 x
1
tg 2 x=
ctg 2 x

cos 2 x=

f:[-1,1] , f(x)= arcsin x

f:[-1,1] , f(x)= arccos x

f: ; , f(x)= arctg x
2 2
f: (0; ) , f(x)= arcctg x

Paritatea si imparitatea functiilor trigonometrice:

x , arcsin(sinx)=x
2 2

x , arccos(cosx)=x
2 2

x ; arctg(tgx)=x
2 2
x (0; ) arcctg(ctgx)=x

sin 2 x=

sin(-x) = - sinx
cos(-x) = cosx
tg(-x) = - tgx
ctg(-x) = - ctgx

x [-1, 1] sin(arcsinx)=x
x [-1, 1] cos(arccosx)=x
x tg(arctgx)=x
x ctg(arcctgx)=x
1

arcsin(-x)= -arcsin x
arccos(-x)= -arccos x
arctg(-x)= -arctg x
arcctg(-x)= -arcctg x
Periodicitatea functiilor
trigonometrice:
sin(x+2k ) = sinx
cos(x+2k ) = cosx
tg(x+k ) = tgx
ctg(x+k ) = ctgx,
k Z

Reducerea la primul cadran:

x C II :
sinx=sin( - x)
cosx= - cos( - x)
tgx = - tg( - x)
ctgx = - ctg( - x)

Deplasarea in punctul diametral opus:

x C III :
sinx = - sin(x - )
cosx = - cos(x -
)
tgx = tg(x - )

sin(x+y) = sinxcosy + cosxsiny

cos(x+y) = cosxcosy sinxsiny
tgx + tgy
tg(x+y) =
1 tgxtgy
ctgx ctgy 1
ctg(x+y) =
ctx + ctgy

x C IV :
sinx = - sin(2 - x)
cosx = cos(2 - x)
tgx = - tg(2 - x)
ctgx = - ctg (2 - x)

sin(x-y) = sinxcosy cosxsiny

cos(x-y) = cosxcosy + sinxsiny
tgx tgy
tg(x-y) =
1 + tgxtgy
ctgxctgy 1
ctg(x-y) =
ctgx ctgy

x 1 cos x
=
2
2
x 1 + cos x
cos 2 =
2
2
x 1 cos x
tg 2 =
2 1 + cos x
x 1 + cos x
ctg 2 =
2 1 cos x

x
2
x
cosx+1 = 2cos 2
2

cosx-1 = - 2sin 2

cos( x + y ) + cos( x y )
2
sin( x + y ) + sin( x y )
sinx cosy =
2
cos( x y ) cos( x + y )
sinx siny =
2

cosx cosy =

sin3x = 3sinx 4sin 3 x

cos3x = - 3cosx + 4cos 3 x
3tgx tg 3 x
tg3x =
1 3tg 2 x

x y
1 m xy

Transformarea sumelor in produse:

x+ y
x y
cos
2
2
x+ y
x y
sinx-siny = 2cos
sin
2
2
x+ y
x y
cosx+cosy = 2cos
cos
2
2
x+ y
x y
cosx-cosy = - 2sin
sin
2
2
sin( x + y )
sin( x y )
; tgx-tgy =
tgx+tgy =
Functiile
trigonometrice:
cos x cos y
cos x cos y

sinx+siny = 2sin

sinx = a, a [-1, 1] x = (-1) k arcsin a + k , k Z

cosx = a, a [-1, 1] x = arccos a + 2k , k Z
tgx = a, a R x = arctg a + k , k Z
ctgx = a, a R x = arcctg a+ k , k Z
sinx = sina, a R x = (-1) k a + k , k Z
cosx = cosa, a R x = a + 2k , k Z

tgx = tga, a R\ + k / k Z x = a+k , k Z

2

ctgx = ctgx, a R\ {k / k Z } x = a+k , k Z

Formule trignometrice

ctg 2 x 1
2ctgx

ctg 3 x 3ctgx
ctg3x =
3ctg 2 x 1

Transformarea produselor in sume:

Ecuatii trigonometrice:

sin2x = 2sinxcosx
cos2x = cos 2 x-sin 2 x =
=2cos 2 x 1 =
= 1 2sin 2 x
2tgx
tg2x =
1 tg 2 x
ctg2x =

sin 2

arctg x arctg y = arctg

x :
sin(x - ) =sin(x+ ) = - sinx
cos(x - ) = cos(x+ ) = - cosx
tg(x - ) = tg(x+ ) = tgx
ctg(x - ) = ctg(x+ ) = ctgx

arcsin x +arccos x =
arctg x +arcctg x =

sinx = 0 x = k , k Z

cosx = 0 x = + k , k Z
2
tgx = 0 x = k , k Z

ctgx = 0 x = + k , k Z
2

Substitutia
universala:
x

2
2t
sinx =
1+ t2
1 t2
cosx =
1+ t2
2t
tgx =
1 t2
1 t2
ctgx =
2t

t = tg