Heath Psychology

Smoking Module

Group 4
Batul, Pauline Mae
Guleng, Adrian Angelico
Gunao, Ma. Kharmela
Ochavo, Catherine
Verdeflor, Julie Ann

Module 1: The Essentials

What is a cigarette?
History of cigarette
Philippine Smoking Statistics
The Smoking Facts
Why do people smoke?
What are in the Cigarettes?
What are some of the consequences of smoking?

Module 2:

The Harmful Effect of Smoking through experiment

Module 3:

My Quit Plan

Objectives:

1.
2.
3.
4.

Recognize the magnitude of the problem on tobacco use

Describe the harmful effects of tobacco use/ smoking across population groups
Describe the benefits of smoking cessation
Advocate for helping people stop smoking and keeping smoke-free environments

Module 1: The essentials

Introduction
Smoking is the single largest preventable cause of disease and premature death. It is a prime
factor in heart disease, stroke and chronic lung disease. It can cause cancer of the lungs, larynx,
esophagus, mouth, and bladder, and contributes to cancer of the cervix, pancreas, and kidneys.
This is not only affecting the active smokers, but also the persons exposed to the passive smoke.
Among the most common smoke-related diseases are COPD, heart disease, cancer and stroke.
Smoking is also a common trigger for asthma exacerbations and can influence asthma
development. Promoting a smoke-free and alcohol-free environment is therefore an important
component of promoting healthy lifestyle among individuals and in communities.
What is a cigarette?

A cigarette is a cylindrical roll of shredded or ground tobacco that is wrapped in paper or

another substance that does not contain tobacco.

Many manufactured cigarettes also have filters on one end that are intended to trap some
of the toxic chemicals contained in cigarette smoke.

History of cigarette

The history of smoking dates back to as early as 5000 BC in shamanistic rituals. Many
ancient civilizations, such as the Babylonians, Indians and Chinese, burnt incense as a
part of religious rituals, as did the later Catholic and Orthodox Christian churches.
The smoking of tobacco, as well as various hallucinogenic drugs was used to achieve
trances and to come into contact with the spirit world.
Cannabis smoking was common in Sub-Saharan Africa through Ethiopia and the east
African coast in the Middle East before the arrival of tobacco, and was early on a
common social activity that centered around the type of water pipe called a hookah.

Philippine Smoking Statistics

Twenty-eight percent or 17.3 million Filipino adults age 15 years and older are current tobacco
smokers, according to the results of the 2009 Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS). Almost half
(48 percent or 14.6 million) of adult males and 9 percent (2.8 million) of adult females are
current smokers. Moreover, 23 percent of Filipino adults are daily tobacco smokers: 38 percent
for males and 7 percent for females.
Filipinos mainly smoke cigarettes, which include manufactured cigarettes and hand-rolled
cigarettes. Cigarettes are smoked by 47 percent of men and by 9 percent of women. On the

average, male daily smokers consume 11 cigarettes per day while female daily smokers consume
7 cigarettes per day.
Among adults who smoked 12 months before the survey, 48 percent made a quit attempt, while
only 5 percent made a quit attempt and successfully quit smoking.
More than one-third (37 percent) of adults who worked indoors or outdoors with an enclosed
area at their workplace were exposed to tobacco smoke. Among adults who used public
transportation a month prior to the survey, more than half (55 percent) were exposed to secondhand smoke, while among those who visited government buildings or offices, more than onethird (37 percent) were exposed to second-hand smoke.
The Smoking Facts
17.3M - Estimated number of Filipinos aged 15 and older who smoke, according to the 2009
Philippine Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS)
70 - Estimated number of carcinogens, or cancer-causing ingredients, contained in a cigarette
stick
13.8M - Estimated number of Filipinos aged 15 and older who smoke every day (GATS, 2009)
P326.4 - Average amount of money spent monthly on cigarettes (GATS, 2009)
10.6 - Average number of cigarettes smoked per day by daily cigarette smokers in the Philippines
(GATS, 2009)
36.9% - Percentage of Filipino adult workers who said they were exposed to tobacco smoke in
enclosed areas in their work places
0.25 - Estimated proportion of all types of cancer which can be attributed to smoking, according
to the World Health Organization
55.3% - Percentage of Filipino adult workers who said they were exposed to tobacco smoke in
public transportation
P177B - Estimated annual cost of the four leading smoking-related diseases cancer, heart
attack, stroke and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
2 of 5 - Estimated proportion of Filipino students who live in homes where other people smoke
71% - Percentage of lung cancer deaths in the world that can be attributed to tobacco

Why do people smoke?

Advertising influences
Peer pressure
Misconceptions that promote smoking behavior
Parental influences
What are in the Cigarettes?
Smoking harms nearly every organ of the body, causing many diseases and reducing the health
of smokers in general. Every eight seconds, a human life is lost to tobacco use somewhere in the
world. That translates to approximately 5 million deaths annually. Every cigarette
consumed/smoked cuts at least five (5) minutes of ones life on the average around the same
amount of time it takes to smoke a single cigarette stick. All those exposed from tobacco smoke
are subject to the many ill-effects of the chemicals in it. Each cigarette stick contains more than
4,000 chemicals. These are the same chemicals that were used for killing people in gas chambers
during World War II (hydrogen cyanide), insecticides (DDT), and fuel (Methanol and Butane).
At least 50 are known carcinogens and many are poisonous. Among these are Benzene (which
can cause leukemia), Cadmium, 9 Formaldehyde (which is commonly used as embalming fluid),
and Polonium-210. Among the most harmful to health are tar, nicotine and carbon monoxide.

There are 4000 Chemicals in cigarette, 60 of which are carcinogenic

What are some of the consequences of smoking?

Heart disease
Stroke
Emphysema

Lung, throat, stomach, and bladder

cancer

Increased risk of infections like

bronchitis and pneumonia.
Bad skin(skin tumor)
Bad breath

Reduced athletic performances

Increased risk of illnesses
Greater risk of injuries and
Slower healing time

Module 2: The Harmful Effect of Smoking through experiment

Materials:

1.

Plastic Bottle
Rubber Band
Tissue
Cigarette
Match box
Instruction:
Near the base make a hole and press fit a pen with its lid. Close the lid and then fill the
bottle almost 3 quarters with ordinary tap water.

2. Make a hole in the cap of the bottle and presses fit the filter tip of the cigarette in the hole
and then screw back the cap on the bottle.
3. Light a match stick and then light the cigarette
4. Then open the pen lid below, so that the water pours out and it will going to suck air from
the top and smoke will come inside the bottle. You can see it the white smoke trapped
inside. As the water runs out, the bottle will be filled with white smoke.
5. Remove the cap and then take two layers of filter paper or a tissue paper, tie it with the
rubber band on the mouth of the bottle.
6. Then hold the bottle and blow it out, the smoke will exit from the bottle and slowly the
smoky bottle becomes transparent.

7. All the smoke had to pass from the filter paper or issue paper like a sieve (this would be

your lungs). Now take off the filter paper and you will see the stained left by the smoke is
nicotine tar.

This is what cigarettes do to your lungs. So better quit

smoking!
Module 3: My Quit Plan

1. Set your

quit date

Start by setting your quit date

Choose a day within the next two weeks. This will give you enough time to prepare.

* 24 hours smoke free

Your first day without cigarettes is a big accomplishment!

Celebrate this milestone with a reward:

First 24-48 Hours

What to expect: Withdrawal is your body adjusting to not having nicotine. This can be
uncomfortable. You might not feel like yourself and you might feel down during this
time.

Nicotine withdrawal is not dangerous, but you may want to talk to your health care
provider about using nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), like the gum or the patch, to
help manage withdrawal.

What to do: Make time for activities that make you feel happy or relaxed to get through
the first days of quitting.

Plan an activity to keep you occupied:

1 week smoke free

Being smoke free for a week is a huge achievement! Nicotine is completely out of your
system, and the worst of the withdrawal is probably over.

Celebrate this milestone with a reward:

First Two Weeks

What to expect: Most withdrawal symptoms will fade by the time you are smokefree for
two weeks.

What to do: Make time for activities that put you in a good mood and make you feel
relaxed to get through the challenges of quitting.

Plan an activity to keep you occupied:

Plan an activity to keep you occupied:

1 month smokefree:
A whole month without cigarettes means that withdrawal is behind you and cravings are
becoming less intense.

Celebrate this milestone with a reward:

2. Reasons for quitting

Select your reasons for quitting. They will be added to your quit plan.

Be healthier

Smell Better

Save money

My loved ones

3. Identify your smoking triggers

Knowing your triggers helps you stay in control. When you first quit, you might want to
completely avoid your triggers. After staying smoke free for a while, you may find other
ways to handle your triggers.

*Select the triggers that cause you to smoke. They will be added to your quit plan.

Emotional Triggers

Feeling anxious

Feeling bored

Feeling down

Cooling off after a fight

Feeling lonely

Habitual Triggers
Talking on the phone

Finishing a meal

Drinking alcohol

Drinking coffee

Watching TV

Taking a work break

Driving

Social Triggers
Going to a bar

Going to a social event

Seeing someone else smoke

4. Prepare to fight cravings

Cravings only last a few minutes--but those minutes can be hard. Select the types of
cravings you usually have. The tips for beating these cravings will be added to your quit
plan.

Do you need to keep your hands and mouth busy?

Hold a straw in your hand and breathe through it.

Play with a coin or paperclip to keep your hands busy.

Do you smoke to relieve stress or improve your mood?

Practice deep breathing to calm down or do some pushups to blow off

steam.

Turn to friends, family, and counselors when you need someone to talk to.

Do you have trouble keeping busy and your mind occupied?

Make a list of tasks that you can accomplish when a craving hits. This list

can include chores, replying to emails, running errands, or planning your

schedule for the next day.

Do you smoke because its pleasurable and relaxing?

Treat yourself to a different pleasure. Listen to your favorite songs, plan a

movie night with friends, or save up your cigarette money for a special treat
when you reach a smoke free milestone.

Do you get irritable and anxious without cigarettes?

Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), such as patches, gum, or lozenges,

can help relieve your withdrawal symptoms. Talk to your doctor to see which
type of NRT is right for you.

Do you smoke for an energy boost?

To keep your energy level stable, get regular exercise and have healthy

snacks throughout the day.

Make sure youre getting plenty of sleep at night to help you from feeling

slow during the day.

5. Get rid of smoking reminders

Seeing reminders of smoking makes it harder to stay smoke free. Get rid of any
reminders in your home, car, and workplace before your quit day. Below is a list of
common smoking reminders and how to deal with them. This list will be added to your
quit plan.

Wash your clothing, especially the jacket you wear to take smoke breaks.

Clean your car.

Get rid of matches, ashtrays, and any cigarette butts that may be outside your home.

Put craving fighting itemslike straws, nicotine gum, or a list of choresin the places
where you kept your cigarettes, ashtrays, matches, and lighters.

The night before quit day, throw away everything that is related to smoking. Dont hide a
pack in your freezer or stash your ashtrays in the back of a cabinet.

EVERYTHING MUST GO!

6. Tell friends and family.

Quitting smoking is easier when you have support from your loved ones. Let your family
and friends know that you are quitting, or invite a friend to quit with you.

Tell Friends and Family Youre Quitting

Invite a friend to quit with you

When smokers quit -- What are the benefits over time?

20 minutes after quitting: Heart rate and blood pressure drops.

12 hours after quitting: Carbon monoxide level in blood drops to normal.
2 weeks to 3 months after quitting: Circulation improves and lung function increases.
1 to 9 months after quitting: Coughing and shortness of breath decrease; cilia (tiny
hairlike structures that move mucus out of the lungs) regain normal function in the lungs,
increasing the ability to handle mucus, clean the lungs, and reduce the risk of infection.

1 year after quitting: The excess risk of coronary heart disease is half that of a
smokers.
5 years after quitting: Stroke risk is reduced to that of a non-smoker 5 to 15 years after
quitting.
10 years after quitting: The lung cancer death rate is about half that of a person who
continues smoking. The risk of cancer of the mouth, throat, esophagus, bladder, cervix,
and pancreas decrease, too.
15 years after quitting: The risk of coronary heart disease is the same as a nonsmokers.