Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Management
4/1/2016
Course content
Environmental Quality and Environmental Information Systems:
Environmental indices and indicators; National and International standards relating to
wastewater, gas emissions, noise, vibrations, hazardous waste and others; Environmental
legislation; Environmental regulations such as National Environmental Act and Regulations,
Noise Control Regulations, Hazardous Waste Regulations and others.
Montreal Protocol, Basel Convention, Framework Convention on Climate change, Biodiversity Convention, and Others; Environmental organisation; Data bases and resource
material on the Internet.
Environmental economics.
Environmental Management:
Basic concepts of environmental management; Management of terrestrial and aquatic
resources; Sustainable resources and biological conservation; Environmental issues and
priorities; Environmental management approaches; Enforcement and economic aspects of
environmental control; Environmental Protection Licence Program.
Environmental Impact Assessment:
Predicting impact; procedures for environmental impact assessment; integration with
development planning procedures; impact assessment of water resources, power
production, and other relevant projects; design concepts and alternative strategies for
impact reduction; monitoring.
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Time
(in hrs)
09
12
09
Evaluation
Theory: Written examination (80%)
Case study (20%)
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Environmental Indicators
Simple measures that tell us what is happening in the
environment.
Environment is very complex
Can we record all the variables in the environment??
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Environmental Indicators
An environmental indicator is a numerical value.
It helps provide insight into the state of the environment or
human health.
Indicators are developed based on quantitative measurements
or statistics of environmental condition that are tracked over
time.
GWP
OD
Environmental indicators can be developed and used at a wide
variety of geographic scales, from local to regional to national
levels.
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Environmental Indicators
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Environmental Indicators
Subsets of environmental indicators
Physical
biological and
chemical measures
Ecological indicators
atmospheric temperature
concentration of ozone in the stratosphere
number of breeding bird pairs in an area
atmospheric PM level
Environmental Indicators
Subsets of environmental indicators
measure human activities
or anthropogenic pressures
Pressure indicators
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Environmental Indicators
Subsets of environmental indicators
track societal responses to
environmental issues.
Sociatel indicators
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Environmental Indicators
Environmental indicators can be considered as a subset of sustainable
development indicators.
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Environmental Indicators
Who uses environmental indicators?
Governments
Non-government organizations
Community groups
Research institutions
For what?
to see if environmental objectives are being met
to communicate the state of the environment to the general public and
decision makers
as a diagnostic tool through detecting trends in the environment.
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Environmental Legislation
collection of many laws and
regulations aimed at protecting the
environment from harmful actions
A common law for all states???
Sovereignty of states
Environmental Legislation
Sovereignty of states
Exploitation vs damage
- Stockholm 1972
"States have in accordance with the Charter of the United
Nations and the principles of international law, the
sovereign right to exploit their own resources pursuant
to their own environmental policies, and the
responsibility to ensure that activities within their
jurisdiction or control do not cause damage to the
environment of other States or of areas beyond the
limits of national jurisdiction" (Principle 21).
What damage ? SERIOUS SUBSTANTIAL
APPR ECIABLE - SIGNIFICANT - NO QUALIFICATION
Exploitation vs damage:sea
- Law of the Sea Convention (1982)
Art. 193: States have the sovereign right to exploit
their natural resources pursuant to their
environmental policies and in accordance with
their duty to protect and preserve the marine
environment
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8%
Assigned Amount =
total of AAUs issued
by a Party
x5
base year Emissions
A party issues a quantity of Assigned Amount Units (AAU) into its national registry that
corresponds to its established Assigned Amount
Assigned Amount
Reduce its emissions domestically before the end of the commitment period
Increase the absorption of greenhouse gases by sinks
Acquire units from other Parties through project based mechanisms and
emission trading
non-compliance
Issued AAUs =
Assigned Amount
Compliance is
fulfilled
Issued AAUs =
Assigned Amount
For Joint Implementation projects, special provisions allow Parties, under the
control of the JI Supervirory comittee, to issue ERUs before fulfilling all
eligibility requirements.
Under this procedure, requirements c and e do not have to be fulfilled.
Issued AAUs