Project

Part of structure
Drawing ref.

Calc by

Ref

Calculations

Design of pile cap - PC4

Dia. Of pile
Offest from pile
Column width
Pile spacing (2L)
Depth of pile cap
Width of pile cap (B)
Bottom cover
Side cover
Ultimate axial load (N)
Materials
fcu
=
fy
=
m
=
m
=

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

24 N/mm2
400 N/mm2
1.25 (partial saftey factor for concrete - shear)
1.15 (partial saftey factor for steel)

Design for main reinforcement:

Effective depth of pile cap (d)

According to Truss theory:

Tension to be resisted by main reinforcement, T

According to Flexural theory:

Moment parallel to X axis
K = M / fcu b d2
Z = d(0.5 + (0.25 - K / 0.9))

BS 8110
Table 3.25

500 mm
500 mm
675 mm
1500 mm
675 mm
1500 mm
75 mm
50 mm
1500 kN

=
=

= (N x L) / (2 x d)
= 1500 x 750 / (2 x 578)
=
973.2

=
0.047
546.05 mm

578 mm

kN

562.5 kNm

Therefore Tx

Area of steel required

= T / (0.87 x fy)
= 1030130 / (0.87 x 400)
=
2961.62375 mm2
=
20 mm
=
9.4271411878
=
10 Nos
=
3141.5926535898 mm2
=
152.8888888889 mm
=
0.3102807559 % > 0.13 % OK

Dia. Of bars using for main reinforcement

No. of bars required
Provide No. of bars
Area of steel provided
Spacing of main bars
Percentage of steel

1030.1 kN

Project
Newport Station Regeneration
Part of structure
Car Park - Design of Pile Caps for Columns
Drawing ref.

Calc by
SJ

Ref

Calculations

Check for shear:

Shear stress along critical section (v)
3.4.5.2
BS 8110
Table 3.8

100 As / bv d
Design strength of concrete for shear resistance
(400 / d) (1/4)
Design shear resistance ( vc)
Critical section from face of the column (av)

3.4.5.8

Enhanced shear stress

= (N / 2) / (B x d)
= (1500 / 2) / (1500 x 578)
=
0.8650519031 N/mm2
=
0.3623520938 %
=
24 N/mm2
=
0.9120802217
=
1.66 N/mm2
= (750 - 337.5 - 0.3 x 500)
=
262.5 mm
=
7.3223259392 N/mm2

Hence, shear links are not required. However provide nominal T12 links @ 200 c/c.

3.12.5.4

Side face reinforcement:

Dia. Of bar used for side face reinforcement
Spacing of bar

=
= ( 2 x f y ) / b
=
Hence, provide side face reinforcement - 2 nos. T16 bars

16 mm
204.8 mm

Job ref
Calc sheet no

rev
/0

Date

Check by
Jul-16

Date
Nov-09

Calculations

Output

Line of critical shear

B

/5
2L

OK
> 0.13 % OK

Job ref
5074908
Calc sheet no

rev

9/ 9
Date

Check by
Jun 08

Calculations

CMN

/0
Date
Jun-08

Output

<

>

4 N/mm2

0.865

OK

OK

Project

Job re

Part of structure
Drawing ref.

Calc sheet no
Calc by

Date

BVR
Ref

Check by
Jul-16

Calculations

Outpu

Design of pile cap - PC2 (For 750x300 column)

Dia. Of pile ( )
Offest from pile
Column width in X-direction
Column width in Y-direction
Effective length of pile cap (2 Lx)
Effective length of pile cap (2 Ly)
Depth of pile cap
Bottom cover
Side cover
Ultimate axial load (N)
Reaction of each pile (N/3)

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

Y
/5

av
av

450 mm
150 mm
600 mm
600 mm
1350 mm
1350 mm
750 mm
75 mm
50 mm
3500 kN
1167 kN

2100

2Ly

2Lx
2100

Materials
fcu
=
fy
=

35 N/mm2
500 N/mm2

m
m

=
=

1.25 (partial saftey factor for concrete - shear)

1.15 (partial saftey factor for steel)

Design for main reinforcement:

Effective depth of pile cap (d)

According to Truss theory:

Effective length of pile cap (2 Lxy)
Tension to be resisted by main reinforcement, Txy

Tension to be resisted by main reinforcement, Ty

Net tension to be resisted by main reinforcement, Tx

Net tension to be resisted by main reinforcement, Ty

According to Flexural theory:
Moment parallel to X axis
K = M / fcu b d2
Z = d(0.5 + (0.25 - K / 0.9))
Moment parallel to Y axis
K = M / fcu b d2
Z = d(0.5 + (0.25 - K / 0.9))

=
=

=
=

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

637.5 mm

1509.4 mm
(2N x Lxy) / (9 x d)
2 x 3500 x 754.675 / (9 x 637.5)
920.74 kN
(2N x Ly) / (9 x d)
2 x 3500 x 675 / (9 x 637.5)
823.53 kN
2 x Txy cos 26.57
2 x 920.74 x cos 26.57
1647.1 kN
2 x Txy sin 26.57 + 823.53
1647.1 kN

700 kNm

437.5 kNm

0.023
605.63 mm

0.015
605.63 mm
Therefore Tx =
Therefore Ty =

1155.8 kN
722.39 kN

In X-direction
Area of steel required in X-direction

BS 8110-1
Table 3.25

Dia. Of bars using for main reinforcement

No. of bars required
Provide No. of bars
Area of steel provided
Spacing of main bars
Percentage of steel

= Tx / (0.87 x fy)
= 1647100 / (0.87 x 500)
= 3786.4 mm2
=
25 mm
= 7.7137
=
14 Nos
= 6872.2 mm2 OK
=
153.8 mm
=
0.44 % > 0.13 % OK

Provide
14 Nos. T2

Project

Job re

Newport Station Regeneration

507490

Part of structure

Calc sheet no

Car Park - Design of Pile Caps for Columns

Drawing ref.

Calc by

Date

SJ
Ref

Dia. Of bars using for main reinforcement

No. of bars required
Provide No. of bars
Area of steel provided
Spacing of main bars
Percentage of steel
Check for shear:
Shear stress along critical section (v)

3.4.5.8

Check by

Jun 08

Calculations

In Y-direction
Area of steel required in Y-direction

3.4.5.2
BS 8110
Table 3.8

5/ 9

100 As / bv d
Design strength of concrete for shear resistance
(400 / d) (1/4)
Design shear resistance ( vc)
Critical section from face of the column (av)
Enhanced shear stress

CMN

Outpu

= Ty / (0.87 x fy)
= 1647100 / (0.87 x 500)
= 3786.4 mm2
=
25 mm
= 7.7137
=
14 Nos
= 6872.2 mm2
OK
=
150 mm
=
0.44 % > 0.13 % OK

= (2 N/3) / (B x d)
= 2 (3500000 / 3) / (2100 x 637.5)
=
1.74 N/mm2
<
5 N/mm2
=
0.52 %
=
35 N/mm2
=
0.89
=
0.51 N/mm2
= (2/3)x1350 - 600/2 - 0.3x450
=
465 mm
=
1.4 N/mm2
< 1.74

Provide
14 Nos. T2

OK

Hence, shear links are required

Check for punching shear:
At column face:
Punching stress
Perimeter of column (u)
Punching stress

= N / (u d)
=
2400 mm
=
2.29 N/mm2

At /5 from pile face:

Punching stress
Critical perimeter (u)
Punching stress
Enhanced shear stress

= N / (u d)
= 3558.7 mm
=
1.54 N/mm2
=
1.39 N/mm2

Hence, shear links are required

3.12.5.4

Side face reinforcement:

Dia. Of bar used for side face reinforcement

16 mm

<

5 N/mm2

OK

Spacing of bar

= ( 2 x f y ) / b
=
256 mm

Hence, provide side face reinforcement - 2 nos. T16 bars

Job ref
Calc sheet no

rev
/0

Check by

Date
Nov-09

Output

750

Provide
14 Nos. T25 bars

Job ref
5074908
Calc sheet no

rev

/ 9
Check by

/0
Date

CMN

Jun-08
Output

Provide
14 Nos. T25 bars

OK

OK

Project

Job ref

Part of structure
Drawing ref.

Calc sheet no
Calc by

Date

Check by
Jul-16

Ref

Calculations

Dia. Of pile ( )
Offest from pile
Column width in X-direction
Column width in Y-direction
Pile spacing in X-direction (2 Lx)
Pile spacing in Y-direction (2 Ly)
Depth of pile cap
Bottom cover
Side cover
Ultimate axial load (N)
K'

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

450 mm
150 mm
600 mm
600 mm
1350 mm
1350 mm
750 mm
75 mm
50 mm
4300 kN
0.156

av2

av1
2100

2Lx
2100

Materials
fcu
=
fy
=
m
=
m
=

32 N/mm2
500 N/mm2
1.25 (partial saftey factor for concrete - shear)
1.15 (partial saftey factor for steel)

Design for main reinforcement:

Effective depth of pile cap (d)

Reynolds
Hand book

According to Truss theory:

Tension to be resisted by main reinforcement, Ty

Tension to be resisted by main reinforcement, Tx

According to Flexural theory:

Moment parallel to Y axis
K = M / fcu b d2
Z = d(0.5 + (0.25 - K / 0.9))

=
=

0.027
629.375 mm

Moment parallel to X axis

K = M / fcu b d2
Z = d(0.5 + (0.25 - K / 0.9))

=
=

0.03
605.625 mm

Therefore Ty
Therefore Tx

Date

No
Output

Design of pile cap - PC1

662.5 mm

= (2 N Ly)/(4 d)
= 2 x 4300 x 675 / (4 x 662.5)
= 2190.6 kN
= (2 N Lx)/(4 d)
= 2 x 4300 x 675 / (4 x 637.5)
= 2276.5 kN

806.25 kNm

806.25 kNm

=
=

1281 kN
1331.3 kN

In Y-direction
Area of steel required in Y-direction

BS 8110-1
Table 3.25

Dia. of bars for main reinforcement

No. of bars required
Provide No. of bars
Area of steel provided
Spacing of main bars
Percentage of steel

= Ty / (0.87 x fy)
= 2190570 / (0.87 x 500)
= 5035.8 mm2
=
25 mm
= 10.259
=
12 Nos
= 5890.5 mm2 OK
= 181.82 mm
=
0.37 % > 0.13 % OK

Provide
12 Nos. T25 b

Project

Job ref

Newport Station Regeneration

5074908

Part of structure

Calc sheet no

Car Park - Design of Pile Caps for Columns

Drawing ref.

Calc by
SJ

Ref

BS 8110-1
Table 3.25

3/ 9
Date
Jun 08

Check by
CMN

Calculations

In X-direction
Area of steel required in X-direction

Dia. of bars for main reinforcement

No. of bars required
Provide No. of bars
Area of steel provided
Spacing of main bars
Percentage of steel
Check for shear in Y-direction:
Shear stress along critical section (v)

Table 3.8

100 As / bv d
Design strength of concrete for shear resistance
(400 / d) (1/4)
Design shear resistance ( vc)
Critical section from face of the column (a v)

3.11.4.4.a

Enhanced shear stress = 2 d vc / av

3.4.5.2
BS 8110
Table 3.8

3.11.4.4.a

100 As / bv d
Design strength of concrete for shear resistance
(400 / d) (1/4)
Design shear resistance ( vc)
Critical section from face of the column (a v)

3.4.5.8

Enhanced shear stress = 2 d vc / av

Hence, shear links are not required.
Check for punching shear:
At column face:

Date

Jun
Output

= Tx / (0.87 x fy)
= 2276470 / (0.87 x 500)
= 5233.3 mm2
=
25 mm
= 10.661
=
14 Nos
= 6872.2 mm2 OK
= 150.00 mm
=
0.44 % > 0.13 % OK

Provide
14 Nos. T25 b

= (N / 2) / (Bx x d)
= (4300000 / 2) / (2100 x 662.5)
=
1.55 N/mm2
<
5 N/mm2

OK

=
0.42 %
=
32 N/mm2
=
0.88
=
0.45 N/mm2
= 1350/2 - 600/2 - 0.3*450
=
240 mm
=
2.5 N/mm2
> 1.55

OK

= (N / 2) / (By x d)
= (4300000 / 2) / (2100 x 637.5)
=
1.61 N/mm2
<
5 N/mm2

OK

=
0.52 %
=
32 N/mm2
=
1
=
0.55 N/mm2
= 1350/2 - 600/2 - 0.3*450
=
240 mm
=
2.93 N/mm2
> 1.61

OK

Hence, shear links are not required.

Check for shear in X-direction:
Shear stress along critical section (v)

Punching stress
Perimeter of column (u)
Punching stress

3.12.5.4

Side face reinforcement:

Dia. Of bar used for side face reinforcement
Spacing of bar

Hence, provide side face reinforcement - 2 nos. T16 bars

= N / (u d)
=
2400 mm
=
2.76 N/mm2

=
16 mm
2
= ( x fy ) / 500
=
256 mm

<

5 N/mm2

OK

Job ref
Calc sheet no

rev
/0

Date
Nov-09
Output

2Ly

12 Nos. T25 bars

Job ref
5074908
Calc sheet no

rev
/0

Date
Jun-08
Output

14 Nos. T25 bars