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JOULE THIEF
DONE BY-
Certificate
Signature:
Acknowledgement
I would like to sincerely and profusely thank
Mrs. Nalini and Sowmya madam for the
valuable guidance, advice and for giving useful
suggestions and relevant ideas that facilitate an
easy and early completion of this project.
And would also like to thank my parents and
my friends for helping me with my project with
every possible help they could get me.
INDEX
INTRODUCTION
DESCRIPYION OF OPERATION
WORKING
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
DESCRIPTION OF CIRCUIT
COMPONENTS
PRINCIPLE
EXPERIMENT
BIBLIOGRAPHY
INTRODUCTION
It can use nearly all of the energy in a singlecell electric battery, even far below the voltage where
other circuits consider the battery fully discharged (or
"dead.
DESCRIPTION OF OPERATION
The circuit works by rapidly switching the
transistor.Initially, current begins to flow through the
resistor, secondary winding and base-emitter junction
which causes the transistor to begin conducting
collector current through the primary winding.
Since the two windings are connected in opposing
directions, this induces a voltage in the secondary
winding which is positive which turns the transistor on
with higher bias.
With the primary winding effectively across the
battery, the current increases at a rate proportional to
the supply voltage divided by the inductance.
Transistor switch-off takes place by different
mechanisms dependent upon supply voltage.
WORKING
The current in the coils stops increasing for any
reason, the transistor goes into the cut-off region .
The magnetic field collapses, inducing however
much voltage is necessary to make the load
conduct, or for the secondary-winding current to find
some other path
When the field is back to zero, the whole sequence
repeats; with the battery ramping-up the primarywinding current until the transistor switches on.
The transistor dissipates very little energy, even at
high oscillating frequencies, because it spends most
of its time in the fully on or fully off state, so either
voltage over or current through the transistor is
zero, thus minimizing the switching losses.
The switching frequency in the example circuit
opposite is about 50 kHz. The light-emitting diode
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
U - BATTERY
T- NPN TRASISTOR
D- LIGHT EMITTING DEVICE
R - RESISTOR
Tr- TOROID
DESCRIPTION OF CIRCUIT
COMPONENTS
BATTERY- An electric battery is a device consisting of
two or more electrochemical cell that convert stored
chemical energy into electrical energy
PRINCIPLE
The two windings are connected in opposing directions,
this induces a voltage in the secondary winding which is
positive which turns the transistor on with higher base
EXPERIMENT
REQUIREMENTS Transistor
Resistor
Toroidal inductor
LED - any color
Battery
PROCEDURE solder the 1k Resistor to either of the unsoldered
wires coming from the inductor.
Solder other end of the resistor to the base lead of
the transistor.
On the transistor used here, that is the middle lead.
Next assemble the circuit
Solder the anode of the LED (the longer leg) to the
collector lead of the transistor AND the remaining
wire from the inductor
Solder the other leg of the LED (the cathode) to the
emitter lead of the transistor.
Connect the two soldered wires coming from the
inductor to the positive (+) side of the battery
OBSERVATION