4/30/2010

DC Biasing
Just as we learned that the BJT must be biased for
proper operation, the JFET also must be biased for
operation point (ID, VGS, VDS)

(JFET) DC Analysis

In most cases the ideal Q-point will be at the middle of

the transfer characteristic curve, which is about half of
the IDSS.
3 types of DC JFET biasing configurations :
Fixed-bias
Self-bias
Voltage-Divider Bias

Fixed-bias
+

VDD

RD
C2

C1

+RG

+
VDS
_
+ VGS
_

Vout

Use two voltage

sources: VGG, VDD
VGG is reversebiased at the Gate
Source (G-S)
terminal, thus no
current flows
through RG (IG = 0).

Vin
_

Fixed-bias.
DC analysis
All capacitors replaced with open-circuit
VDD

RD

+
VDS
_
RG

VGG

+ VGS
_

1
VGG

Fixed-bias

Fixed-bias

Example : Fixed-bias

1. Input Loop 1
By using KVL at loop 1:

Determine the following

network:

VGG + VGS = 0
VGS = - VGG
For graphical solution, use VGS = - VGG to draw the load line
For mathematical solution, replace VGS = -VGG in Shockleys Eq.
,therefore:
2
2

V
V
I D = I DSS 1 GS = I DSS 1 + GG
VGS

VGS

( off )
( off )

2. Output loop 2
VDD - IDRD - VDS = 0
VDS = VDD IDRD

VGS

ID = IDSS 1
VP

1. VGSQ
2. IDQ
3. VD
4. VG
5. VS

3. Then, plot transfer characteristic curve by using Shockleys

Equation

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Mathematical Solutions

Graphical solution for the network

VGSQ = - VGG = - 2
2

VGS
-2

I DQ = I DSS 1 = 10mA 1
VP
-8

= 10mA ( 0.75 ) = 5.625mA

VDS = VDD - I D R D = 16 - ( 5.625mA ) ( 2k )

Draw load line for:

VGSQ = - VGG = - 2
VDS = 4.75V

= 16V -11.25V = 4.75V

VD = 4.75V
VG = - 2V
VS = 0V

Self-bias

DC analysis of the self-bias configuration

Using only one voltage source

Since IG 0A, VRG = IGRG

thus VRG = 0A,

1
2

(i) Mathematical Solutions:

Replace

- VDD + IDRD + VDS + IDRS = 0

(ii) Graphical Solutions:

Defining a point on the self-bias line.

in the Shockleys Equation:

V
I D = I DSS 1 GS
VP
therefore;

VP = VGS ( off )

( I D RS )

I D = I DSS 1
VP

By using, quadratic equation and formula, choose value of ID that

relevant within the range;

VGS
0
0.3Vp
0.5Vp
Vp

ID
IDSS
IDSS/2
IDSS/4
0 mA

0 < ID IDSS

Find VGS by using

;also choose VGS that within the range;

VGS(off) < VG 0

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(ii)Graphical Solutions:
Sketching the self-bias line.

Example : Self-bias configuration

I D = I DSS 2

Determine the following for the network

1. VGSQ

VGS = -I D R S
=-

2. I DQ

I DSS R S
2

3. VD
4. VG

VDS = VDD - I D ( R S + R D )

5. Vs

VS = I D R S

(ii) Graphical Solution : Sketching the

transfer characteristics curve

Graphical Solutions:

Vgs

ID

IDSS

0.3Vp

IDSS/2

0.5Vp

IDSS/4

Vp

0 mA

(ii) Graphical Solution : Sketching

the self-bias line

Graphical Solutions: Determining the Qpoint

IDQ=2.6mA
VGSQ=-2.6V

When I D = 4mA, VGS = - 4V

When I D = 8mA, VGS = - 8V

Q-point

4/30/2010

(i) Mathematical Solutions

V
I D = I DSS 1 GS
VP

= I DSS 1

Solutions

VGSQ = - 2.6V

recall VGS = I D RS

( I D RS )

VP

IDQ = 2.6mA

ID= IS

VDS = VDD - I D ( R D + R S )

I (1k )
6 + I D (1k )
I D = 8m1 + D
= 8m

6
6

8m
2
=
36 6kI D 6kI D + 1MI D
36
2
36 I D = 0.288 96 I D + 8kI D

= 20V - 2.6mA ( 4.3k )

= 8.82V

8kI D 132 I D + 0.288 = 0

I D1 = 13.9mA
VGS = I D RS

I D21 = 2.588mA
VGS = I D RS

= 13.9mA(1k )

= 2.588mA(1k )

= 13.9V
= 2.6V
therefore; choose I D = 2.588mA and VGS = 2.6V

Redraw the circuit

Voltage-divider bias

VG =

R2
VDD
R1 + R 2

IG=0A

Sketching the network equation for the voltagedivider configuration.

VG - VGS - VRS = 0
VGS = VG - VRS
VGS = VG - I D R S

VGS = VG
V
ID = G
RS

Effect of RS on the resulting Q-point.

I D =0mA

VGS =0V

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Solutions

Example : Voltage-divider bias

Determine the following for the network

VG =

1. I DQ andVGSQ

2. VD

R2
VDD
R1 + R 2

( 270k )(16V ) V
DD
2.1M + 0.27M 2

= 1.82V

3. VS
4. VDS

VGS = VG - I D R S

5. VDG

= 1.82V - I D ( 1.5k )

When VGS = 0V, I D =

+1.82V
= 1.21mA
1.5k

When I D = 0mA, VGS = + 1.82V

Mathematical solutions

Determining the Q-point for the network

VGS = 1.82V - I D (1.5k )

IDQ=2.4mA
VGSQ=-1.8V

How to get IDS, VGS and VDS for voltagedivider bias configuration by using
mathematical solutions?

Drawing the self bias line

Exercise 3:
Determine the
following for the network
1. I DQ andVGSQ
2. VDS

VGS + I DRS - 10V = 0

VGS = 10V - I D (1.5k)

3. VD
4. VS

When I D = 0mA, VGS = 10V

When VGS = 0V, I D =

10V
= 6.67mA
1.5k

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Determining the Q-point

IDQ=6.9mA
VGSQ=-0.35V
VDS = VDD - ( VSS ) - I D ( R S + R D )
= 20 + 10 - (6.9mA)(1.8k + 1.5k)
= 7.23V

Exercise 4

Determine the required

values of R D and R S

VD = VDD - I D ( R D ) = 7.58V

VS = VD - VDS
= 7.58V - 7.23V = 0.35V

Determining VGSQ for the network.

RD =

VRD VDD VDQ 20V 12V

=
=
I DQ
I DQ
2.5mA

= 3.2k

To be continued

RS =

( VGSQ )
I DQ

( -1)
2.5mA

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= 0.4k

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