Vivek Vichar August 2016

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1887 Vo 1961
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165, aodo bmBg, gmobmnya-413 001.
Xy0217 - 2315949 (gm` 7 Vo 8.30)
email : vivekvichar@vkendra.org
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vivekvichar.vkendra.org
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am_H$U d {ddoH$mZX `m M[am~b _m Zoh$Zm
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{bImUmMo YwdnX Ago), `mMm AmVaamQ>r` Q>rH$moZ
d "OrdZm`m J{V_mZVo'darb `mMr lm `m JmoQ>rhr
Zoh$Zr gwnQ>nUo CbopI`m AmhoV.
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^yVH$mbmer ~_yb Agbo`m, ^maVm`m
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Q>rH$moZ _m AmYw{ZH$ Ago. Amn`m MV`nyU
d Amdoe`wV CgmheVrZo d ^maVmbm gVV
J{VnWmda nwT>o Zo`m`m CH$Q> ^mdZoZo {ddoH$mZX ho
CXmgrZ d {Z{V^Q> qhX _Zmg ~bdYH$ Ago AmfYM
R>abo Am{U `mg Amnbm Am_{ddmg naV {_imbm.
AmO`m ^maVmda `j A`j arVrZo `mMm ^md
{`mM `m XoemMm mU. gmar {dm, gmar gH$Vr `m`mVM gmR>br Amho.
_w` boI
nS>bobm {XgyZ òVmo.
dmV` Midirda {ddoH$mZXmMm ^md Ho$di
_mZ{gH$ d A`mp_H$ VamdaM MS>nUo nS>bm hmoVm
Ago Zho, Va BVa H$moU`mhr d`pVH$ ^mdmnojm
Vmo JhZ hmoVm. H$maU dmV` bT>m`m dmhm_mJo
Ae d {Z:e (qH$dm AqhgH$) - `mMrM
oaUm hmoVr. Am{U `mM~amo~a, Vo Aem MV`_`
ZdOrdZmMo _ybmoV hmoVo H$s `mZo `m`m ZVa
{Z_mU Pmbo`m gd gOZerb emImZm oaUm {Xbr.
S>m. amYmH$UZ `mZr `mMo A{Ve` gwaoI dUZ
Ho$bo Amho : _mV^y_r`m MV`mMr Vo ({ddoH$mZX)
`j_yVu hmoVo. {V`m Am`mp_H$ Amem - AmH$mjm
d `mMr n[anyVu `mMo Vo {VH$ hmoVo. Am{U hoM
Vo MV` H$s Oo Am_`m ^VOZm`m H$m`mVyZ
Am_`m Q`m`m VdkmZmVyZ, Am_`m gm_m`m`m
nyOm-mWZmVyZ `V Pmbobo AmT>iVo. âV^y_r`m
`m A_a Am`mg `mZr gwnQ>Vm d A{^`mnr
mV H$$Z {Xbr.
gm^ma : am_H$U _R>, MoZB
gX^ nwVHo$
1. Complete Works of Sister Nivedita (Calcutta :
Advaita Ashrama) Vol. I, pg. 49
2. Complete Works of Swami Vivekananda (Calcutta
: Advaita Ashrama 1955) Vol. IV, pg. 452
3. Sankari Prasad Basu Vivekananda O Samakalin
Bharatvarsha (Bengali) (Calcutta : Mandal Book
House) Vol. III pg 340
4. Selected Speeches of Subhash Chandra Bose
(Publications Divisions, Govt. of India), pg. 50
5. From C. A. Tegarts (Special Superintendent of
Police, Intelligence Branch, Calcutta) Report
on the Ramkrishna Mission, 15 May 1914, The
Original of this report is printed in Vivekanand
O Samkalin Bharatvarsha, Vol. VI P.P. 257-306.
6. Pyarelal, Mahatma Gandhi, Vol. I. Early Phase
(1965), pg. 87
7. Hindustan Standard, 17 Jan. 1963
8. Amrita Bazar Patrika, 18 Jan. 1963
Swami Vivekananda
9.
Volume, pg. IX
Centenary
dXoemgmR>r gdd AnU H$aUmao

Am{U nyUnUo {ZH$nQ> Ago bmoH$
Oohm VwmYo {ZnOVrb Vohm
qhXWmZhr gd Q>tZr hmZ hmoBb.
mUgmZrM Va Xoe hmZ ~ZV
AgVmo. Zwgm O{Zrm VwH$S>mV
H$m Amho.
H$òMo XoIrb _wbm_mUoM H$miOrnydH$ nmbZ Am{U {ejU Pmbo nm{hOo.
Memorial
***
""qhXy hUyZ _mPr Aer ^mdZm Amho H$s, _m`m Xoemda Pmbobm
A`m` `m na_odamMm An_mZ hmo`! _m`m _mV^y_rMo H$m` ho
lram_MmMo H$m` Amho! {VMr godm hr ^JdmZ lrH$UmMr godm Amho.
{ZH$> H$Vr`m d ~wr`m _m`mgma`m _wbmOdi dV`m
a$mdmMyZ _mVobm AnU H$aVm òBb Ago Xwgao H$mhr Zmhr. hUyZ
_r VoM {V`m doXrda AnU H$arV Amho. qhXwWmZbm g`m EH$mM
{eH$dUwH$sMr Amd`H$Vm Amho. Vr hUOo Am_~{bXmZ H$go
H$amdo hr hmo`. Vr {eH$dU Xo`mMm _mJ hUOo dVM Am_mnU
H$aUo! hUyZM _r hm Am_`k H$arV Amho.''
- _XZbmb qYJm
`mMr IamoIa `moJr hmo`mMr BN>m Amho `mZr mMo WmoSo>, `mMo WmoSo> MmIV
{\$a`mMr dmr H$m`_Mr gmoSy>Z {Xbr nm{hOo.
AmdmhZ
_mV^y_rMr _Jb Vmoo
dXo _mVa_ Am{U O`moVwVo

{_qbX ^mH$a g~Zrg
{n`mnojm _mVoMr H$nm _bm A{YH$ bmI_mobmMr dmQ>Vo.

"dXo _mVa_' Mo OZH$ ~{H$_M MQ>Ou `m`m
H$mimV ~Jmb_ò AZoH$ Wmoao {d^yVr hmoD$Z Jo`m.
am_H$U na_hg, BdaM {dmgmJa, `m`m nwT>`m
{nT>rVrb {ddoH$mZX, OJXreM ~mog, adtZmW Q>mJmoa
Aem AZoH$mZr Amn`m Ym{_H$, gm_m{OH$ d dkm{ZH$
{dMmamZr gmam ~Jmb hbdyZ gmoS>bm.
~{H$_MmMm H$mi hm ~Jmbr gm{h`mVrb ~moYZ
H$mi Am{U ~{H$_`wJM _mZbm OmVmo. hUyZ `m`m
gm{h`mMm ^md `m`m g_H$mbrZ g_mOYw[aUmda
Am{U nwT>`m {nT>rVrb boIH$ Am{U dmMH$mda nS>bm.
{ddoH$mZXmMo Jw$ am_H$U na_hg ho ~{H$_
MmMo g_H$mbrZ. 1884 _ò AmYmaM goZ
`m`m {ZdmgWmZr `m XmoKmMr ôQ> Pmbr hmoVr. `m
doir am_H$UmZr `mZm W>o`m damV {dMmabo,
"" Vwhmbm ~{H$_ Hw$Ur ~Zdbo?'' ~{H$_
`m eXmMm AW dmH$S>m Agmhr hmoVmo. `mda
~{H$_M hgyZ hUmbo, ""{~{Q>em`m ~wQ>m`m
R>moH$ar_wio.'' `m MoQ>o`m gwam_ògwm BJOm~b
Am{U naH$s` gmo~bMm amJ `$ hmoV hmoVm. `m
_wbmIVrZVa ~{H$_MmZr lr. am_H$UmZm nwhm ôQ>rMo

Am_U {Xbo; nU dV OmD$ Z eH$`m_wio `mZr
mg{JH$
Za| ({ddoH$mZX) Am{U BVa H$mhr {e`mZm `m`mH$S>o
nmR>db hmoV. ~{H$_Mm`m AZoH$ H$mX~`m lr. am_
H$Um`mg_moa dmM`m Jo`m hmo`m.
VU Za|bmhr AmZX_R> H$mX~arVyZ oaUm
{_imbr Ag`mMr e`Vm Amho. nwT>o OJ{g
Pmbo`m {ddoH$mZXm`m ^mfUmVyZ `j "dXo
_mVa_' ho eX qH$dm H$m` `mMm CoI Zgbm, Var
`m`m AZoH$ dMZm_YyZ Am{U ^mfUm_YyZ "dXo
_mVa_' `m H$m`mMm, VgoM AmZX_R> `m H$mX~arMm
^md {XgVmo. XoemVrb OZVo_ò dmV`mMr Midi
C^r H$a`mgmR>r gKQ>Z Am{U dMm[aH$ H$mVr hmoUo
Amd`H$ Amho, ho {ddoH$mZX OmUyZ hmoVo. "dXo _mVa_'
ho JrV "AmZX_R>' `m H$mX~ar_ò _mV^y_rgmR>r gdd
AnU H$$Z `wmgmR>r V`ma Pmbo`m g`mem`m
Vm|S>r Amho. "dXoe Am{U dY_ gajUmgmR>r ~{bXmZ
H$a`mgmR>r V`ma hm,' Ago hUUmao {ddoH$mZX
hUVmV- "g`mgr Amn`m Y_mMo ajU H$aVmV. Vo
XoemMo g{ZH$ AmhoV. nmhm... XrK Aer am gnyZ
CfH$mb hmoVmo Amho. Am_Mm ^maV Xoe {ZoVyZ OmJm
hmoVmo`. `mbm H$moU AS>dy eH$Uma Amho? AmVm Vmo
""_r Ho$bo`m H$`m`m Xm{`dmMr _bm

MmJbrM OmUrd Amho. `m KQ>ZoV qH$O\$moS> _obm
Zmhr Am{U XmoZ BJO {`m _o`m, `mMo _m _bm
dmBQ> dmQ>Vo. `wJmVa, g`m, Zde$s, {hVdmXr
AmXr AZoH$ dmnm`m Xoe^$ nH$mamZm `mZo
Hy$a {ejm {X`m hmo`m. dJ^Jmbm _mPm {damoY
hmoVm. `mgmR>rM _r H$bH$`mhZ _wP\$anyabm
Ambmo. qH$O\$moS> _am`bmM hdm hmoVm.''
- IwXram_ ~mog
AmYr AmB Am{U {V`m _wbr. ZVa ~mn Am{U `mMr _wbo.
mg{JH$
nwhm Pmono_ò OmUma Zmhr. ^maV_mVo`m d$nmV

`j _hmH$mbrM OmJV hmoVo Amho.'
"dXo _mVa_' _ò `m H$mir _hmH$mbr XJ}bm
~{H$_MmZr nm{hbo, VmoM AZw^d {ddoH$mZXmZr `m
Amn`m eXm_ò gm{JVbm Amho. {ddoH$mZXm`m
Aem CnXoem_wioM AZoH$ ~Jmbr H$m{VH$maH$mZm oaUm
{_imbr. X`mV {ddoH$mZXmMm CnXoe Am{U AmoR>mda
"dXo _mVa_' eX CmaV H$m{VH$maH$mZr H$m{VH$m`mV
dV:bm PmoHy$Z {Xbo.
_hmamQ>mV dmgwXod ~idV \$S>Ho$ `m`m CR>mdm_wio
H$m{VH$m`mbm nwhm MmbZm {_imbr. MmnoH$a ~Yy`m
~{bXmZmZVa gmdaH$amgma`m H$m{VH$maH$mZm oaUm
{Xbr.
"ho _mV^y_r VwObm _Z dmhròbo dH$d
dmH${d^dhr VwO A{nòbo& VyVo{M A{nbr Zdr H${dVm
agmbm boImVr {df` VyMr AZ` Pmbm&&'
Ago hUUm`m {dZm`H$ Xm_moXa gmdaH$amMm
qnS> {V^mdmZ boIH$mMm hmoVm, nU gma OrdZ
_mV^y{_Vr A{nV H$a`mMm gH$n Ho$`m_wio `m`m
gd boIZm_ò Xoe^$sMr, _mV^y{_Vr Agbo`m
AmXamMr ^mdZm {XgVo.
~{H$_Mm`m gm{h`mMm, {deofV AmZX_R>
H$mX~arMm ^md AZoH$ VUmda `m H$mir nS>bobm
hmoVm. {dmWu gmdaH$amZr `m doir `m H$mX~`m
dmM`m Agm`mV. H$maU "AmZX_R>' H$mX~arMr N>mn
`m`m gm{h`mVyZ H$mhr _mUmV OmUdVo. nU "dXo
_mVa_'Mo _m `mZr {ZpMVM qMVZ Ho$bo AgUma

Amho. H$maU `mM "dXo _mVa_' ZmdmMm `mMm boI
hUOo "dXo _mVa_'Mo J H$m`M Amho. gmdaH$a
H$m{VH$m`mH$So> dibo. AX_mZgma`m {R>H$mUr H$m`m
nm`m`m {ejoV AZV `mVZm ^moJ`m, Var `mMr
H$m`{V^m gXd OmJVM am{hbr. H$mamJhm`m
q^Vtdagwm `mMr H$m` O_mbm Ambr. gmdaH$amMo
gmao OrdZM H$m`_` Am{U `m`m `m OrdZmVrb
H$m`mM _ybWmZ hmoV Xoe^Vr. gmdaH$am`m gd
boIZmVyZ hr Xoe^Vr doJir H$mT>VmM òV Zmhr.
gmdaH$am`m H$m`mVrb ^mfoda gH$VMm ^md
Amho. qH$~hZm `mMo gmao boIZ gH$VMwa Amho.
_amR>r Am{U gH$V `mMo {_lU H$aVmZm `mV H${_
nUmMm bdboehr Zmhr. ^mfoMm ~moOS>nUmhr Zmhr.
eXmMo Ioi Agbo, Var H$mobmQ>m CS>m ZmhrV.
"VwOgmR>r _aU Vo OZZ VwO{dU OZZ Vo _aU'
gmYo eX {\$adyZ AJXr ghO `mZr _mV^y_
r`m ^VrMm _M gm{JVbm. ~{H$_Mm`m "dXo
_mVa_'Mr ^mfmhr gH$VYmZM Amho. {dmm,
MwaVm ho XmoKm`mhr H$m`mMo d{eQ>. `m_wio
gmdaH$amMr AOam_a "O`moVwVo' hr H${dVm "dXo
_mVa_' `m H$m`mer A{Ve` OdiMo ZmVo XmI{dVo.
"dXo _mVa_' Am{U "O`moVwVo' hr Xmohrhr
_mV^y_rMr _JbVmoo. dXo _mVa__ò gH$V A{YH$
d ~JmbrMm dmna H$_r, Va O`moVwVo_ò gH$V
H$_r, nU _amR>rMm Cn`moJ OmV {XgVmo.
AZoH$Xm An_m{ZV r ho `m Hw$Qw>~mVrb Xm[amMo YmZ H$maU AgVo.
""{~
m`mV& qhXw
WmZr
OZVoda hmoV Agbobo A`mMma _r nm{hbo
24{Q>e
& {ddogm_
H$ {dMma
AmJQ>
2016
AmhoV. S>màZo Om{b`Zdmbm ~mJoV Ho$bo`m h`m A_mZwf hmo`m.
_m`Ho$b AmoS>dmà_wioM `m h`m KS>`m. _m`m Xoe~mYdmMm
~mUoXmanUm `mbm {MaSy>Z Q>mH$m`Mm hmoVm. hUyZ 21 dfmZr _rM `mbm
{MaSy>Z Q>mH$bo. qhXwWmZmV _aUm`m OZVo`m ZmdmZo hm {VemoY KoVbm
Jobm ZgVm Va _m`m Xoem`m Zmdmbm H$bH$ bmJbm AgVm. _r _`ybm
Km~aV Zmhr. \$mer~amo~aM _mPo b bmJUma Amho.''
- gaXma CY_qgJ
d`m`m Ad`m Vo{dgm`m dfu - 1906 _ò

{ejU KoV AgVmZm _w~B`m {dhmar _m{gH$m`m
AH$mV {g Pmbobm dXo _mVa_ hm gmdaH$amMm
boI hUOo ~{H$_Mm`m "dXo _mVa_'Mm ^mdmW
gmJV Ho$bobo AmoOdr ^mfoMo qMVZ Amho. 1905
_ò ~m[agmb KQ>ZoZo dXo _mVa_ ho eX òH$
^maVr`mn`V nmoMdbo. gmdaH$amMr {dmm, `mMo
BVa ^mfmVrb nwVH$mMo dmMZ `m_wio "AmZX_R>'
Am{U "dXo _mVa_'Mo dmMZ Am{U _ZZ `mZr Ho$bobo
Agmdo. hm boI Am{U "O`moVwVo' ho H$m` `mda
"dXo _mVa_'Mm ^md Amho. `m boImV "dXo _mVa_'
`m H$m`mMm qH$dm ~{H$_MmMm CoI Zmhr; H$maU
hm boI `m H$m`m`m qH$dm ~{H$_Mm`m JmadmW
{b{hbobm Zmhr qH$dm g_rjUm_H$hr Zmhr. ^maVm`m
mMrZ nanaoMm, òWrb _hmnwfmMm Jmad H$aVmZm
^maVmVrb kmZmnmgyZ {dkmZmn`V mMrZ H$mimV
Ho$bo`m JVrMm Vo AmT>mdm KoVmV. `m boImMr
gwadmVM dXoe Am{U ^maV_mVo`m dXZmZo Amho.
""âVIS>mbm dXoe hU`mMo ^m` na_odamZo
H$moU`m bmoH$m`m bbmQ>mZm AbH$V H$a`mgmR>r amIyZ
R>odbo Amho? âV^y_r _mVWmZr _mZ`m`m n{d
A{YH$mamMm A{^foH$ OJVMmbH$mZo H$moU`m bmoH$mda
Ho$bobm Amho? d `m ^Vr`m gwYmYdb V`mMm
{X` AmdmX KoD$Z d {Vbm "ho _mVa, ho AmB' Ago
hUyZ H$moUm`m {Ohm Y` Pm`m AmhoV? Vr Y`Vm

Ho$di Am_`m {OhmZm bm^br Amho. âV^y_rbm
_mVWmZr _mZ`m`m A{YH$mamMm A{^foH$ EH$Q>m
Amhm ^maVr`mdaM OJVMmbH$mZo Ho$bm Amho d
âVIS>mbm "dXoe' hU`m`m _hX^m`mZo Amhm
^maVr`m{dZm OJmdarb H$moU`mhr bmoH$mMo bbmQ>
AbH$V Pmbobo Zmhr. Amhr gd qhXr ~mYd ho qhX
_mVoMr Iar boH$ao AmhmoV. qhX_mVm hr Am_Mr O_Xmr
Amho. qhX_mVm hr Am_Mr n[anmb{`r Amho. {V`m
XYmda Amhr dmT>bmo AmhmoV. {V`m XYmda Am_Mo
nydO dmT>bo. {V`m XYmdaM Am_Mo deO dmT>Uma
AmhoV. hr Am_Mr ^maV^y_r dmg`mMr nwVir Amho.
hr Am_Mr ^maV^y_r _y{V_V o_bVm Amho. Vr doXmV
Jm{``m_mUo "nwamUr Xodr `wd{V nwaYr' Amho. Vr
AZw^dmZo d Amho. Vr gmX`mZo VU Amho. Amhm
Vrg H$moQ>r bmoH$mda {VMr g_mZ __Vm Amho. Vr H$moQ>r
H$R>mVrb "dXo _mVa_' Mm _Owi H$bad EoHy$Z {Vbm
o_mMo âVo òVo. Aem o__`rbm "AmB' hU`mMo
_hX^m` {O`m gmXmZo Amhmg bm^bo Amho, `m
nmabm{H$H$ {MN>$sbm d Am_`m `m Eo{hH$ na_oar
Am`^y_mVobm Am_Mm gXd Um_ Agmo.''
`m boIm_ò òH$ n[aN>oXm`m eodQ>r Vwbm
Am_Mm Um_ Agmo, dXZ Agmo, VwPm OÒ`H$ma
Agmo Ago JmadmoXJma {b{hbo AmhoV. "dXo _mVa_'
Oo {ejU r_ò AmXe rdmMo JwU {dH${gV H$arV Zmhr, Vo Iao {ejU Zmhr.
mg{JH$
`m JrVmV `m_mUo òH$

nwamUr Xodr `wdVr, nwaYr, Vwbm
H$S>`m`m eodQ>r "dXo _mVa_'
Am_Mo dXZ Agmo. ho Vdko d
AWmV_mVo Vwbm Um_ Agmo, Ago
emko, Vwbm Am_Mo dXZ Agmo.
eX òVmV, VgoM `m boIm_ò
ho ^m_`r d Y__`r, Vwbm Am_Mo
òH$ n[aN>oXm`m eodQ>r ho
dXZ Agmo. ho gd_Vr d dr`dVr,
JmadXJma AmhoV. hm boI hUOo
Vwbm Am_Mo dXZ Agmo. ho
gmdaH$am`m \y$Q>> boIm_ò
dmV`{VbH$^y{fVo, Vwbm Am_Mo
_hdmMo WmZ {_imbobm boI
dXZ Agmo. lr eH$am{X{Xe Xod
Amho. `m boImV _mV^y_rMo dUZ
{OMo gajU H$aVmhoV, `m Vwbm
Amho. ^VmZm AmdmhZ Amho.
Am_Mo dXZ Agmo. lr {edVmnm{X
eybm AmhmZ Amho. ^mfo_ò
Vw`m ey`m ZaS>rMm KmoQ> KoV
`m`mZm_mUo AmoKdVonUm Amho.
AmhoV, `m Vwbm Am_Mo dXZ
`m boImV gmdaH$am`m eXmbm
Agmo.
ISJmMo VoO m Pmbo Amho. `m
dXo _mVa_! dXo _mVa_!!
boIm`m eodQ>r ~{H$_Mm_mUoM
dXo _mVa_ !!!'
gH$VMwa {deofUmMm `mZr
gmdaH$am`m `m {g
_wVnUo dmna Ho$bm Amho. "dXo
boIm_mUoM "dXo _mVa_'Mm
_mVa_'Mo eodQ>Mo H$S>do Am{U `m
^md Agbobr Xgar boIZH$Vr
boImMm hm eodQ>Mm ^mJ `mV A{Ve`
hUOo "O`moVwVo' hr H${dVm `m "dXo
gm` Amho. gmdaH$a {b{hVmV _mVa_' boImnydu VrZ df}, 1903 _ò
""ho Am`dgwYao, Vw gw^J Amhog,
{b{hbr. `m doir "dXo _mVa_' Mm
gwObm Amhog, gwdUm Amhog, gwabm
^maVm`m H$mZmH$mon`mV BVH$m gma
Amhog. Vwbm Am_Mo dXZ Agmo. ho
Pmbm ZhVm. `m_wio O`moVwVo hr
F$Vw_Vr, dgw_Vr, gwbVo d gw\${bVo,
H${dVm hm H$mhr dXo _mVa_Mm AZwdmX
Vwbm Am_Mo dXZ Agmo. ho {d{dY
Zho. `mVrb dUZ Am{U Ame` ho
{dhJ_o, {d{dY Hw$gw_o, Vwbm Am_Mo dXZ Agmo. ho "dXo _mVa_'_Yrb H$m`mgmaIoM Amho Am{U hm
{ZgJaò d {ZgJa{jVo, Vwbm Am_Mo dXZ Agmo. ho `moJm`moJhr Agy eH$Vmo. gmdaH$a ho dV dVrMo
Y_, _moj, _wVr ho gd VyM Amhog. Oo Cm_, CXmm, CV Vo VyM Amhog. d`m`m Ad`m
{dgm`m dfu gmdaH$amZr {b{hbobo ho H$m` AOam_a Vmo Amho. "dXo _mVa_' ho eX
gmdaH$am`m amo_mamo_mV {^Zbobo hmoVo. `mVrb g_{nV ^mdZoer Vo EH$$n Pmbobo hmoVo.
`m`m nwT>`m AZoH$ _hdm`m boIm_ò, nH$m_ò "dXo _mVa_' ho eX
_hdm`m WmZmda Ambo AmhoV. gmdaH$am`m darb "dXo _mVa_' `m eXm`m ^mdm_wio
gmdaH$am`m ^mdirVrb _XZbmb qYJmgma`m H$m{VH$maH$mdahr `mMm ^md nS>bm.
{`mZr AmYw{ZH$ {dkmZ Ad` A`mgmdo, naVw Vgo H$aVmZm Amnbr Am`mp_H$Vm Kmbdy Zò.

{V^mdmZ H$dr hmoVo. "O`moVwVo' hr
nyUnUo _mV^y_rda`m EH$m ^Vr`m
D$_u_YyZ C\y$VnUo Ambobr H${dVm
Amho Am{U ^mfoM gwXa boUo KoD$Z
Ambobr hr H${dVm "dXo _mVa_'`m
nmR>monmR>`m `mo`VoMr Amho. mXo{eH$
^mfo`m dMdm_wio hr _amR>r
H${dVm gnyU Xoeâ JmObr Zgob;
nU gmdaH$amMr hr H${dVm _mhrV
Zmhr, Agm {e{jV _mUyg gmnS>Uo
{daimM.
gmdaH$amZr `m H${dVoV dVVm
Xodrbm AmdmhZ Ho$bo Amho.
""O`moVwVo lr _h_Lbo {edmnXo ew^Xo, dVVo
^JdVr dm _h èmo`wVm dXo.''
"dXo _mVa_' _ò ~{H$_M hUVmV, "VyM
Am_Mo kmZ, VyM Am_Mo Mm[a`, VyM Am_Mm Y_,
VyM Am_Mo X` AZ VyM Am_Mo MV`; Va gmdaH$a
{b{hVmV,
""_moj, _wVr hr VwPrM $no VwbmM doXmVr &
dVVo ^JdVr `mo{JOZ na~ dX{V & Oo Oo Cm_
CXmm CV _h_Ywa Vo Vo& dVVo ^JdVr gd Vd
ghMmar hmoVo&&'
Y_, _moj, _wVr ho gd VyM Amhog. Oo Cm_,
CXmm, CV Vo VyM Amhog. d`m`m Ad`m {dgm`m
dfu gmdaH$amZr {b{hbobo ho H$m` AOam_a
Vmo Amho. "dXo _mVa_' ho eX gmdaH$am`m
amo_mamo_mV {^Zbobo hmoVo. `mVrb

g_{nV ^mdZoer Vo EH$$n Pmbobo
hmoVo. `m`m nwT>`m AZoH$
_hdm`m boIm_ò, nH$m_ò "dXo
_mVa_' ho eX _hdm`m WmZmda
Ambo AmhoV. gmdaH$am`m darb
"dXo _mVa_' `m eXm`m ^mdm_wio
gmdaH$am`m ^mdirVrb _XZbmb
qYJmgma`m H$m{VH$maH$mdahr `mMm
^md nS>bm.
"dXo _mVa_'Mm ^md Agm
Xoem~mhoa _mXm_ H$m_m`m $nmZo
naXoer`mZm OmUdy bmJbm. ~{H$_
Mm`m `m "dXo _mVa_' Am{U AmZX_R> H$mX~arZo
gm`m ^maVr` gm{h`mdagwm H$mhr H$mi A{Yam`
JmOdbo. ^mfoMo ~YZ `m JrVmZo Am{U H$mX~arZo
PwJm$Z {Xbo. AZoH$ ^maVr` ^mfm_ò "AmZX_R>'
`m H$mX~arMo $nmVaU Pmbo. nU `m H$mX~ar_mJo
~{H$_MmZm H$mhr oaUm {_im`m hmo`m H$m? BVH$s
draagnyU, Varhr gd _mZdr ^md^mdZmMo CH$Q>
{MU H$aUmar gm{h`H$Vr d{MVM AmT>iob. `m
AmZX_R> H$mX~argmaIo H$m|XU "dXo _mVa_'gma`m
JrVmbm bm^bo, Vr H$mX~ar "dXo _mVa_'
JrVm_mUoM EH$ Am`mp_H$ nmVir JmR>Umar H$mX~ar
Amho. AmZX_R>_Ybo `moo g`mgr nwT>`m H$mimVrb
AZoH$ Xoe^VmZm ge H$mVrMr dmQ> XmIdy bmJbo.
***
Am`wd}X d nMH$_ {M{H$gmb`, gmobmnya
{`m_ò _mVoMr gX`Vm d eyamMr ~i BN>meVr `mMm {_bm\$ Agmdm.
H|$dm
dmerV A``Z{df`H$ H$mèmim
_w~B & {ddoH$mZX H|$ H$`mHw$_mar dmer emIo`m

dVrZo gmBZmW qhXr hm`Hy$b_ò A``ZmMr emr`
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dJmVrb 180 {dmWu `mV gh^mJr Pmbo. A``ZmMr
emr` nV, _aUeVr, VmUVUmdmMo `dWmnZ,
gH$mam_H$ {dMma, OrdZ d OrdZnVrVrb ~Xb
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Am`moOZ Ho$bo. g_d`H$ hUyZ ~r. Ho$. qgJ, nr. Iwe~y e_m, gr_m OmnVr, AHw$e qgJ, e{eH$mV
qgJ `mZr H$m_ nm{hbo. `m H$mèmiogmR>r {dZm`H$ ^JV, èdV qgJ `m H$m`H$`mZr n[al_ KoVbo.
npM_ ^mJ mVmV {R>H${R>H$mUr `moJ{XZ gmOam {dbonmb} òWo nmbH$mgmR>r

H$mèmim
H$mobH$mVm & {ddoH$mZX H|$ npM_ ^mJ mVmV {R>H${R>H$mUr

OmJ{VH$ `moJ{XZ gmOam H$a`mV Ambm. H$mobH$mVm _hmZJa emIo`m
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gMmbH$, gX` d 70 {dm`mZr gh^mJ Zm|Xdbm. `mdoir mV
gh`dWm _wI S>m. AU Cnm`m`, gnH$ _wI a_oe _wm, Hw$.
_mbVr, g[aVm ghJb, _{Zf nmSo>, ew^mJr Cnm`m` CnpWV hmoVo.
XJmnwamVrb gH$ma dJmV 30, Q>r. E. hm`Hy$b_ò 400 {dmWu,
CmamnbrVrb am_H$U {ddoH$mZX {_eZ \o$S>aoeZ`m emioV 113
{dmWu, _m_am ~mOmamVrb dZ{dhma mW{_H$ emioV 87 {dmWu,
_{hbmgmR>r`m `moJdJmV ZD$OUmZr gh^mJ Zm|XdyZ `moJmgZo Ho$br.
{dbo nmb} & H|$m`m dVrZo

gwOmU nmbH$d `m {df`mda 3
{R>H$mUr H$mèmim Ko`mV Am`m.
EHy$U CnpWVr 600 hmoVr.
{`m`m j_Vm {dH${gV hm`bm nm{hOoV, `m AVJV hmoD$ ZòV.
H|$dm
H$moH$U {d^mJmV 37 {R>H$mUr `moJ{XZ
_w~B & {ddoH$mZX H|$ H$`mHw$_mar H$moH$U

{d^mJm`m dVrZo 37 {R>H$mUr OmJ{VH$ `moJ{XZ
gmOam H$a`mV Ambm. `mV VrZ hOma 25 OUmZr
gh^mJ Zm|Xdbm. emIm{Zhm` H$m`H$_mMr g`m ~mo[adbr
d H$gmV CnpWVr : R>mUo 5 (438), S>m|{~dbr 3
(36), A~aZmW 3 (377), XmXa 4 (268), dmer 7 XmXa
(815), nmb} 5 (505), ~mo[adbr 1 (75), {JaJmd
2 (85), ~Xbmnya 3 (240), ^mBXa 1 (150),
^mSw>n 3 (36). VgoM 10 {R>H$mUr nrnrQ>r oP|Q>oeZ
Pmbo. EH$m {R>H$mUr nwVH$ H$meZmMm H$m`H$_ Pmbm.
nmb}
dYm òWo `pV_d {dH$mg {e{~a
dYm & {ddoH$mZX H|$ H$`mHw$_mar dYm emIo`m

dVrZo 12 Vo 16 OyZ `m H$mbmdYrV `pV_d {dH$mg
{e{~a Ko`mV Ambo. `mV 10 Vo 16 d`moJQ>mVrb 74
{e{~am`mZr gh^mJ Zm|Xdbm. gmoMZo H$m g_` Jm`m,
CR>mo {bImo B{Vhmg Z`m hr {e{~amMr gH$nZm hmoVr.
AS>. AemoH$ nmdSo> `m`m hVo {e{~amMo CXKmQ>Z
Pmbo. gmJa Jm`H$dmS> `mZr _mJXeZ Ho$bo. Xa`mZ,
mV:_aU, `moJm`mg, l_gH$ma, ~m{H$, _WZ,
VwVr, ÔZ g`m, oaUoVyZ nwZWmZ Ago `m
{e{~amMo dn hmoVo. H|$m`m {dX^ gKQ>H$ {`dXm
nmSo> `m`m _mJXeZmImbr ho {e{~a Pmbo. ZJa_wI
AZV ~mo~aSo> `mZr dra dVYmar ~Zm `m {df`mda
_mJXeZ Ho$bo. Xg`m gmV H$_r Am`w` _moR>o H$m`
`mda ~m{H$ Pmbo. Cgd _wI A_mob JmT>dH$a
`mZr narjm m hgV hgV, AS>. {XZoe e_m `mZr
R>mUo
H$moU`mhr jomV Vk H$go ~Zmdo, ^maVr` gH$Vr

narjm _wI ho_m ~moaH$a `mZr gH$ma dJ `m{df`r
_mJXeZ Ho$bo. JUoe ~J_mao ho {e{~a A{YH$mar Va
d^d T>Jo {e{~a _wI hmoVo. {Xbrn ^mVHw$bH$a, gmJa
Jm`H$dmS>, {~nrZ d, Zwnwa ^wgmar, CXèH$a nmb,
{`H$m AdMQ>o, Cmam dmKo, {_Voe ~obJSo>, gOmZm
R>mH$ao, am_ ~mo~So>, gmJa ZmBH$ `mZr JmU_wI hUyZ
H$m_ nm{hbo.
`m Xoembm r {e{jH$mMr JaO Amho Am{U `mZm Vgo K{S>dbo nm{hOo.
H|$dm
EH$ZmWOr `mMr O_^y_r {Q>_Q>mbm ~ZUma AmXe Jmd
A_amdVr & {ddoH$mZX {ebm_maH$mMo {Z_mVm

Am{U {ddoH$mZX H|$mMo gWmnH$ EH$ZmWOr amZSo>
`m`m O_^y_rV {Q>_Q>mbm_ò Ambmo, ho _m`mgmR>r
JmadmnX Amho. {ddoH$mZX H|$m`m H$m`mgmR>r
EH$ZmWOr Oohm _w~BV `m`Mo Vohm Vo Am_`m
Kar `m`Mo. _r `mZm nm{hbmo Amho. `mZr _bm Iyn
^m{dV Ho$bo Amho. Oohm nVYmZ Za| _moXr `mZr
ggX AmXe Jm_ `moOZm Amhm ImgXmamg_moa _mS>br
VohmM _r {Q>_Q>mbm Jmd XmH$ Ko`mMo Am{U `mbm
AmXe Jmd ~Zd`mMo {ZpMV Ho$bo.
H|$r` D$Om_r {n`wf Jmo`b `mZr ggX AmXe
Jm_ `moOZ|VJV ZmXJmd ISo>da ({O. A_amdVr)
Vmbw`mVrb {Q>_Q>mbmgh Mma Jmdo XmH$ KoVbr
AmhoV. `m{Z{_m Vo {Q>_Q>mbm òWo Ambo hmoVo. `mdoir
Vo ~mobV hmoVo. dmV`mZVa n{h`mXmM Jmo`b
`m`m nmZo H$moUr H|$r` _r {Q>_Q>mbm_ò Am`mZo
Jm_WmV CgmhmMo dmVmdaU hmoVo. Jm_WmZr Jmo`b
`m`m dmJVmgmR>r JmdmV dN>Vm _mohr_ am~dbr.
Xmamg_moa amJmoir gmH$mabr. gdm `mMo dmJV
Ho$bo. `m ^y_rZo EH$ZmOr amZSo> `m`mgmaIm _hmnwf
{Xbm. `m_wio _r {Q>_Q>mbm Jmdmbm Z_Z H$aVmo,
Agohr Jmo`b `mZr hQ>bo. {Q>_Q>mbm, OZwZm, {ZagmZm,
pIagmZm d AS>Jmdbm AmXe Jmd ~Zd`mMm gH$n

KoVbobo Jmo`b hUmbo, hr nmM Jmdo XmH$ KoD$Z _r
H$mhr CnH$ma Ho$bo ZmhrV, ho _mPo H$V` Amho. XmH$
KoVbo`m JmdmMm {dH$mg H$aUo ho gm_m{OH$ F$UmMr
nyVu H$aUmao H$m_ Amho. Jm_{dH$mg gHw$b C^ma`mMr
KmofUmhr `mZr Ho$br. nmMhr Jmdm`m _`Wimda
VrZ EH$a OmJoda gmH$ma`m OmUm`m `m gHw$bmV
gd H$ma`m gw{dYm CnbY H$Z {X`m OmVrb.
Jm_WmZm H$moU`mhr dVy d godogmR>r ehamV Omdo
bmJUma Zmhr. gd emgH$s` H$m`mbò `m gHw$bmV
AgVrb. VgoM Jm_{dH$mgmV bmoH$mMm gh^mJhr
Amd`H$ Ag`mMo Jmo`b `mZr hQ>bo.
`mdoir nmbH$_r drU nmoQ>o, ImgXma AmZXamd
AS>gyi, am_Xmg VS>g, Am_Xma S>m. A{Zb ~m|So>,
dra| OJVmn, {Ohm n[afX gX` A{^{OV T>ono,
^mOnMo {Ohm`j {XZoe gy`der, dVm {edam`
Hw$bH$Uu, {ddoH$mZX H|$mMo mV ghgMmbH$ {H$aU
H$sVZo, Vwfma ^maVr`, {Ohm{YH$mar {H$aU JrVo,
gwZrb gamoXo, {Q>_Q>mbmMo ganM AemoH$ ^|So>, AaqdX
ZiH$mSo>, JQ>{dH$mg A{YH$mar gyaO _mohmoS> `mMr
_wI CnpWVr hmoVr.
***
{ZYma, gmYonUm, ~wr d m_m{UH$nUm ho JwU AJr Agbo`m H$moU`mhr rbm C AmXe gm` H$aUo
Ae` Zmhr.
~mb{dhma
~mb{dhma
gyMZm `m dobrda Amho dm_r {ddoH$mZXmMm

gw{dMma. H$_mH$mZwgma g_mZmWu eX {bhm. gw{dMma
dmMm. AmMaUmV AmUm d AmZX {_idm.
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gwaoIm H$mUo, g^mOrZJa.
_mPm O_ JwOamV_Yrb H$m{R>`mdmS> òWo

Pmbm. AmYw{ZH$ ^maVmVrb EH$ _hmZ qMVH$,
g_mOgwYmaH$ d Xoe^V hUyZ bmoH$ _bm
AmoiIVmV. _mPo ~mbnUrMo Zmd _ybeH$a hmoVo.
1875 _ò Am` g_mOmMr WmnZm Ho$br. doX
gdm}n[a _mZUmam g`mgr AerM _mPr AmoiI Amho. H$_{gmV,
nwZO_, ~M` Am{U g`mg `mZm XeZmMo Mma V^ ~Zdbo.
doXm`{V[aV A` H$moUVohr Y_JW _mU Zmhr, `m g`mMm
Mma H$a`mgmR>r _r Xoeâ dmg Ho$bm. _r OoWo OoWo Jobmo VoWo
VoWo mMrZ nanao`m n{S>V d {dmZmZr _m`mnwT>o hma _mZbr.
_mPo gH$V ^mfoMo kmZ AJmY hmoVo. _r gH$V_ò dmhrnUo
~mobm`Mmo. `m_mUoM MS> Vm{H$H$ hmoVmo. g`mW H$me `m
JWmMo boIZ Ho$bo. `mV gdM _Vm_Yrb MwH$s`m Jmo>tMo IS>Z
Ho$bo. ~mb{ddmh, gVr WoMm {ZfoY Ho$bm. {dYdm {ddmhmMo
g_WZ Ho$bo. _r Am` g_mOmMm gWmnH$, g_mOgwYmaH$M Zho Va
^maVr` dmVV`mgmR>r Ho$`m Jobo`m `ZmVhr _mPr CoIZr`
^y{_H$m am{hbr Amho. _m`m ZmdmZo XoemV AZoH$ _hm{dmbò C^r
AmhoV. dVwpWVr hr Amho H$s, naV ^maVmV gdW_ Am`mdV
(^maV) Am`mdVu`mMm (^maVr`mMm) M Amho, ho gmJ`mMo gmhg
_rM Ho$bo. Amn`m n{h`m dmV``wmMr,1857 `m H$mVrMr
`moOZmhr _m`mM ZoVdmImbr V`ma H$a`mV Ambr hmoVr. _rM
`mMm _wI gyYmahr hmoVmo. _r dMZm_ò amQ>r`VoMo CnXoe
H$am`Mmo,XoemgmR>r OJ`m_a`mMr ^mdZm OZ_ZmV noam`Mmo.
hUyZM bmoH$_m` {Q>iH$mZr dam`mMm W_ gXoedmhH$ Aem
eXmV _mPm Jmad Ho$bm Amho.
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Cma `mM AH$mV BVa
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gdm bmoH$m`m KamVrb AmZX Vy Amhog, Vy H$`mUH$mar Amhog, Va ^mS>Imoa d X> bmoH$m`m KamVrb
`Wm d X:I XoIrb Vy Amhog.
~mb{dhma
AmoiIm nmh : _mJrb AH$mMr Cmao

MeoIa
AmPmX
C\$
MeoIa
grVmam_ {Vdmar (Owb 23, 1906 \o$~wdmar 27, 1931) ho ^maVr` dmV`bT>mVrb EH$
H$m{VH$maH$ hmoVo. am_gmX {~p_b `m`m _`yZVa
`mZr qhXWmZ [anpbH$Z Agmo{gEeZ (EM.Ama.E.)
`m H$m{VH$mar gKQ>ZoMr qhXWmZ gmoem{bQ> [anpbH$Z
Agmo{gEeZ (EM.Eg.Ama.E.) `m ZdrZ ZmdmImbr
nwZ~mYUr Ho$br. `mZm ^JV qgJ `mMo Jw$ _mZbo OmVo. Vo EM.Eg.Ama.E.
gKQ>ZoMo _wI hmoVo. MeoIa AmPmX `mMm O_ 23 Owb 1906 amoOr g`m`m
A{bamOnya {OmVrb ^mdam `m JmdmV Pmbm. `mMo mW{_H$ {ejU ^mdam
JmdmVM Pmbo. _m ZVa AmB`m BN>oZwgma Vo dmamUgr òWrb gH$V nmR>emioV
Jobo. {S>g|~a, 1921 _ò _hm_m JmYr `mZr gw$ Ho$bo`m AghH$ma AmXmobZmV
`mZr d`m`m 15 `m dfu gh^mJ KoVbm hmoVm. `mgmR>r AQ>H$ Pmbr hmoVr.
Vohm `m`mb`mV MeoIaZo Amnbo AmS>Zmd AmPmX Ag`mMo Zm|Xdbo.
VohmnmgyZ Vo `mM AmS>ZmdmZo AmoiIbo OmD$ bmJbo. 27 \o$~wdmar 1931 amoOr
Abmhm~mX _Yrb A\o$S> nmH$ òWo gwIXod amO `m H$m{VH$maH$ ghH$m`mbm
ôQ>`mgmR>r Jobo AgVmZm EH$m AkmV I~`mZo nmo{bgmZm dmVm {Xbr. nmo{bgmZr
_XmZmbm doT>m KmVbm. MeoIa AmPmX d nmo{bgm_ò Jmoir~ma Pmbm. `mZr
EH$hmVr Jmoir~mamV VrZ nmo{bgmZm _mabo. _m `m`mOdirb ~XH$s`m Jmo`m
gnV Am`m_wio eodQ>`m JmoirZo `mZr dV:bm _m$Z KoVbo. ^maVmbm dmV`
{_im`mZVa `m _XmZmMo Zmd MeoIa AmPmX _XmZ Ago H$a`mV Ambo.
hS>nm gH$Vr : hr OJmVrb mMrZ gH$V
Amho. H$m~Z S>oqQ>J nVrZwgma `mMm H$mi gZ nyd
2700 Vo gZ nyd 1500 _mZbm OmVmo. 1920
`m gw_mamg bmhmoa-_wbVmZ aodo_mJmMo H$m_ gw$
AgVmZm H$mhr mMrZ {dQ>mMo Adeof gmnS>bo.
`m_wio nwamVd Im`mZo `mMm emoY Ko`mgmR>r ga
OmZ _meb `m`m ZoVdmImbr CIZZ gw$ Ho$bo Am{U EH$ mMrZ gH$Vr
H$memV Ambr. `m gH$VrMo W_ Adeof hS>nm òWo gmnS>bo hUyZ Z`mZoM
emoYbo`m `m gH$Vrbm hS>nm gH$Vr Ago hUVmV. hr gH$Vr m_w`mZo
qgYy ZXr`m XoemV H|${V Ag`mZo {Vbm "qgYy gH$Vr' Agohr hUVmV.
CIZZmV hS>nm d _mohZOmoXS>mo `m Xmohr ZJam`m {R>H$mUr EH$mM H$ma`m _wm
AmT>iyZ Am`m. AemM H$ma`m gH$VrMo Adeof n{_ ^maVmV H$mbr~JZ,
Ymoimdram, gwaH$moQ>S>m, bmoWb, Xm`_m~mX B`mXr {R>H$mUr _moR>m _mUmV
gmnS>bo. hS>nm gH$VrMr ZJaaMZm d Wmn` A`V JV hmoVo. Kao, VQ>~Xr,
gmS>nm`mMr `dWm, ZmZJho, Ym`mMr H$moR>mao, OhmOmMr JmoXr B`mXr KQ>H$
nmhVm JV Wmn`mMr H$nZm òVo. `m gH$VrMo Adeof ^maVâ {dIwa`mMo
AmT>i`mZo Am` ~mho$Z Ambo hr H$nZm _moS>rV {ZKmbr Amho.
AmoiIm nmh
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~mb{_mZmo, AmYw{ZH$ ^maVm`m
OS>UKS>UrV _mobmMo `moJXmZ
XoUmar XmoZ `pV_do AmoiIm.
`mgmR>r {_, {ejH$, KamVrb
dS>r>bYm`mMr _XV `m. Am{U
`m`m{df`r òH$s 50 Vo 60
eXmV _m{hVr {bhZ nmR>dm. Vr
`m gXamV {g H$$.
"AmoiIm nmh' gXamMr

`mo` Cmao `mZr nmR>dbo
aoUwH$m OmYd (~meu>), JUoe

_VH$ar (Zm{eH$), gwaoe H$m~io
(bmVya>), AbH$m dmbo (gmJbr),
ew^_ gm~io (ZmXoS>)
nZrMo nm{d` m eXmMm AW Ho$di nVrer EH${Z> amhUo Agm Zmhr. Va Vr {Z>m A{dMb Agmdr.
~m~mgmho~mMm OrdZgKf
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OmD$Z
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KoVbm. `m`m n[admambm Aem
EH$m _moh`mV OmJm {_imbr
H$s, OoWo Jar~ bmoH$ amhV hmoVo.
gdmZm EH$mM ImobrV amhmdo bmJV
Ago. PmonUo, amhUo, A`mg d
d`nmH$ gd H$mhr VodT>m EH$mM
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PmonyZ OmV. `m`m S>mo`m`m ~mOybm EH$ {nR>mMr
MH$s hmoVr d nm`mOdi EH$ eoir ~mYbobr
Ago. `mMo dS>rb amr XmoZ dmOoVmo OmJV AgV d
Oohm ^r_amd PmonyZ CR>V Vohm `mM OmJr Vo Pmony
eH$V. H$mMo`m {eerMm V`ma Ho$bobm _mVr`m
VobmMm EH$ {Xdm hmoVm. `m {X`m`m COoS>mV Vo
A`mgmbm ~gV.
hm`Hy$b_ò {eH$V AgVmZm `mZm EH$ {d{M
AZw^d Ambm. Vmo Vo AmO_ {dgabo ZmhrV.
gH$V {eH$`mMr `mMr BN>m hmoVr. ~mH$sMo
{dmWu gH$V {df` KoD$ eH$V nU mZm _m,
Vo _hma Ag`m_wio Vmo {df`

Ko`mMr emioMrM _ZmB hmoVr.
{dXoer bmoH$ qhX ZgyZhr gH$V
{eHy$ eH$V nU mda H$moUr MH$ma
eX ~mobm`bm V`ma ZhVm.
^r_amd _m gH$V {df` KoD$
eH$bo ZmhrV. m Kmoa A`m`mZo
`m`m OI_oda _rR> Mmoibo Jobo.
naVw nwT>o OrdZmV ^r_amd gH$V {eH$`m{edm`
am{hbo ZmhrV.
W_mo`m`
Am~oS>H$a _Q>rH$Mr narjm CmrU Pmbo, `m

doir `mMo d` gVam dfmMo hmoVo. `mM dfu
_w~B`m ^mÌim _mH}$Q>_Yrb EH$m N>namImbr
a_m~mB~amo~a `mMm {ddmh Pmbm. Eb{\$Q>Z
H$mboO_YyZ Vo BQ>a{_{OEQ>Mr narjm CmrU Pmbo
d 1912 _ò `mZr ~r. E. Mr nXdr {_idbr.
1913 _ò Am~oS>H$amMo dS>rb dJdmgr Pmbo.
`mdoir Vo ~S>mom`m _hmamOmH$S>o ZmoH$arbm hmoVo.
m_mUo `m`m OrdZgKfmMm EH$ A`m`
nyU hmoD$Z Xgam gw$ Pmbm.
H|$dm
XmXa & H|$m`m

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YmJm hmo`.
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gwYmaUm KS>dyZ AmU`mMm A` Cnm` {Xgbm Zmhr. `mZr `m {XeoZo
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OmU`mgmR>r Or gmYZm Amd`H$ Amho Vr Ho$br Zmhr.
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Va nmMm` Xoe {dkmZm{^_wI dm ~{h_wI AmhVo.
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Aer Xem Pmbr Amho. Amn`m mMrZ emJWmMm
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Yra Yam Am{U gVV H$m` H$arV amhm. "CaoXm_Zm_
mZ_' - AmnUM Amnbm Cma H$amd`mg hdm.
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AmUbr nm{hOoV. ho H$m` hiyhiy nU T>^mdmZo nma
nmS>bo nm{hOo.
***
òH$ qhX`m _ZmV r hm eX CmaVmM _mVd ^mdmMo _aU hmoVo.
lram_H$U dMZm_V
"_r gmYmaU _{XaoM nmZ

H$arV Zmhr; H$mbr_mVoM Zmd
KoD$Z _r AZV AmZX$nr
gwaoM nmZ H$aVmo. `mZo _r
BVH$m YwX hmoD$Z OmVmo H$s
bmoH$ _bm IamoIaMmM
_nr g_OVmV! am_gmX
hUVmo H$s, hr gwam `m`mZo
MVwdJ bm^VmV.'
Ho$ed~m~yda o_ AZ
JyiImo~`mMm Zdg
AmO H$_b - Hw$Q>ramVrb `mM {XdmUIm`mV lram_H$U
^Vmg_doV ~gbo AmhoV. nmM dmO`mMm gw_ma. Ho$ed~m~y AmV hmoVo,

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lram_H$UmZm Um_ Ho$bm. `mMo {_ H$mbrZmW ~gy AmOmar hmoVo,
hUyZ `mZm ~K`mgmR>r {ZKm``m V`marV Ho$ed~m~y AmhoV. naVw
lram_H$Um`m AmJ_Zm_wio `mMo OmUo VodT>mdaM am{hbo. lram_
H$U hUmbo, ""Vw_`m _mJo ZmZm H$m_ AgVmV, naV dV_mZnmV
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JyiImo~ao H$~yb Ho$bo hmoVo; AmBbm hUmbmo H$s, AmB Ho$edMo Oa
H$mhr ~ao dmBQ> Pmbo Va _J H$bH$`mbm Jo`mda Hw$Umer ~ao ~mob
OmD$.''
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lram_H$U dMZm_V

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_bm n nmR>dm.
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lram_H$UmZm hQ>bo, ""ho n{S>V AmhoV, doXmXr
emmMo Iyn A``Z Ho$bo Amho `mZr.'' lram_H$U
hUmbo - ""h, `m`m S>mo`md$Z AmVrb gd {XgV
Amho, H$mMo`m VmdXmZmVyZ ImobrVrb gm`m dVy
{XgVmV Vgo.''
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AgVmZmM g`mH$mi Pmbr. {Xdo bmd`mV Ambo.
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g_m{Y_Z hmoD$Z Jobo. A_i dm^m{dH$ AdWoV
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(^mdmW) - "_r gmYmaU _{XaoM nmZ H$arV Zmhr;
H$mbr_mVoM Zmd KoD$Z _r AZV AmZX$nr gwaoM nmZ
H$aVmo. `mZo _r BVH$m YwX hmoD$Z OmVmo H$s bmoH$ _bm
IamoIaMmM _nr g_OVmV! am_gmX hUVmo H$s, hr
gwam `m`mZo MVwdJ bm^VmV.'
lr`wV Ho$ed~m~yH$So> lram_H$U ZohnyU Z`ZmZr

~KV AmhoV. AmnwbH$sMm ^md OUy AmogS>V Amho.
`mZm OUy ^` dmQ>V Amho H$s, Z OmUmo Ho$ed Hw$Um
Xg`mMo, AWmV ggmamMo Z hmoD$Z OmdmoV. `m`mH$So>
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(^mdmW) - "~mobm`bm _Z H$MaV, ~mobb Zmhr
Var ^rVr dmQ>Vo. amYo, Amhr Vwbm hady H$s H$m`
Aer _Zmbm gmaIr haha dmQ>Vo Amho. Amhmbm Omo
_ _mhrV Amho Am{U `m`m _XVrZo Amhr dV:
BVamgh {H$VrVar {dnmrVyZ nma nS>bmo Amhmo, Vmo _
Amhr Vwbm XoV AmhmoV. AmVm VwP _Z Vw`m hmVr.'
"Omo _ Amhmbm _mhrV Amho Vmo Amhr Vwbm XoV
AmhmoV. AmVm VwP _Z Vw`m hmVr' - hUOo gddmMm
`mJ H$$Z na_odambm Amidm. VmoM g`, ~mH$s
gma A{Z`; `mMm bm^ Z Pm`mg H$emVM H$mhr
AW Zmhr! hmM _hm_.
naV Cn{dQ> hmoD$Z ^Vm~amo~a g^mfU H$arV
AmhoV. `m`m AnmhmamMr V`mar hmoV Amho.
{XdmUIm`mV EH$m ~mOybm EH$ ~m ^V {n`mZmo
dmOmdrV hmoVo. lram_H$U ghm`dXZmZo EImm
~mbH$m_mUo {n`mZmoOdi Cô amhZ nmhV AmhoV.
WmoS>m doimZo `mZm AmV Zo`mV Ambo. \$ami
H$aVrb, Am{U p`mhr Um_mXr CaHy$Z KoVrb.
\$ami Amonbm. AmVm Vo JmS>rV ~gVrb. ~m
^V _moR>m AmXamZo JmS>rOdi Cô AmhoV. JmS>r Mmby
Pmbr. - H$_b Hw$Q>ramhZ nw`jo X{jUodaH$So>.
***
... `mMr dJUr gnV Amho
Amn`mbm òUm`m "{ddoH$ {dMma'`m nm{H$Q>mdarb n`mMr gwdmV "10/2016'

Aer Agob Va Vw_Mr dJUr AmQ>mo~a 2016 _ò gnV Amho. H$n`m nwT>rb dfmMr dJUr
âm.
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dmna Pmbm. CnmXZ dmT>bo,
`m~amo~aM CnmXZIMhr
dmT>bm. amgm`{ZH$ IVmVyZ
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AYg` _mZbo OmV Amho.
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nò {VQ>Z AZwXmZ Omhra Ho$bo Amho. amgm`{ZH$
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AZoH$ eoVH$ar H$aV Ag`mMo gm{JVbo.
nydu Amn`m XoemV òH$ eoVH$ar dVbm
bmJUmao IV dVM {Z_mU H$aV hmoVm. Vr nV AmVm
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JmSy>i eoVr Ago `moJhr Ho$bo Jobo nm{hOoV. AmOam
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g|{` eoVrMm CJ_ hm ^maVmVyZ Pmbm Ag`mMo _V
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Amho.
g|{` AnXmW dmna`mH$So> H$_r _mUmV H$m
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~mOmamV doJir qH$_V m`bm JmhH$ V`ma AmhoV.
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eâ Q>o$ g|{` eoV_mbmbm JmhH$ A{YH$ ngo XoVmo.
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{ZgJmV gd gOrdg>r OJ`mMr EH$ gmIir Amho.
g_ nmofUmVyZ hr AgmIir Onbr OmVo. _m
A{YH$ CnmXZ Ko`m`m `Zm_ò hr gmIirM
Z> Pmbr Amho. _mVr ho {nH$mZm nmofUVd nwad`mMo
_m`_ Amho. amgm`{ZH$ IVm`m A{VaoH$s dmnam_wio
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amoJ, {H$S>rda {ZÙ {_id`mgmR>r {ZgJmV {_{H$S>r
d ew{H$S>r {ZgJVM CnbY AmhoV, _m `mMm
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{`mMo Ho$di {`mM gmoS>dy eH$Vrb, nwfmZm Vo gmYm`Mo Zmhr.

Xo`mgmR>r JmdmoJmdr {ejUdJ _moR>m _mUmda
KoVbo OmVrb Aer `dWm {Z_mU Ho$br nm{hOo.
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eoVmV CnbY Agbo`m gmYZgm_wJrMm H$gm dmna
H$amdm? `mMo Amn`mH$S>rbM kmZ nwhm EH$Xm `mZm
Z`mZo gmJ`mMr JaO Amho.
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{_idyZ Xo`mgmR>r g|{` eoVr hm EH$ Cm_ _mJ
Amho. ZH$mam_H$ ~m~r eoVH$`mg_moa dmadma òVmV.
g^modVmbr Oo MmJbo KS>Vo Amho Vr _m{hVr WoQ>
eoVH$`mn`V nmohmoMd`mMr Ùm d`godr gWm,
H$fr {d^mJ, H$fr {dmnrR>o, emk d gaH$ma `m`m
g_d`mVyZ {dH${gV Ho$br nm{hOo.
^maVmV Or g|{` eoVr Amho, `mnH$s 80 Q>o$
OmJa
jomMr OnUyH$ Am{Xdmgr jomVrb _S>ir H$aVmV.
XoeâmV Am{XdmgtMr g`m gw_mao 27 Q>o$ Amho. hr
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Zmhr. amgm`{ZH$ IVo d H$sQ>H$ZmeH$ dmna`mMr JaO
`mZm H$Yr ^mgV Zmhr. Am{XdmgtZr gm^mibobo
dmU A{Ve` C XOmMo AgyZ ehar ^mJmVrb
_S>ir A{V[a$ _y` XoD$Z ho Ym` IaoXr H$aVmV.
Am{XdmgtZr OnUyH$ Ho$bobo dmU A`mgyZ Vo
XoeâmVrb eoVH$`mZm Cn`moJr hmdo `mgmR>r gaH$maZo
nwT>mH$ma Ko`mMr JaO Amho.
gm^ma - bmoH$gmm
***
gmobmnya & Jwnm{U_o{Z{_m gmobmnya emIoV\}$

a{ddmar, 17 Owb amoOr H|$ mWZm `m {df`mda
A`mg dJ Pmbm. h[a^mD$ JmoS>~mobo `mZr
_mJXeZ Ho$bo. CnpWVr 56 hmoVr. `m{edm`
4 {dVmamV Jw$nm{U_m H$m`H$_mMo Am`moOZ
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Omoer, E_Am`S>rgr {dVmamV {gmam_ nmQ>rb
Va n. _Jidma noR> {dVmamV YZO` gy`der
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ZmarMr ZmardmVM dr. ZmarMr ZmardmZoM {gr.
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MmJ`m JwUmdahr Q>rH$mM
H$arV AgVmV. Vo `m`m
gXJwUmbmhr ZmdM R>odV
AgVmV.
AaqdX Omoer
gmobmnya
9370408926
OmS> hr_{V J`Vo dVMm X^: ewMm H$Vd&

eyao {ZKUVm _wZm {d_{VVm X` {`mcm{n{Z &&
VoOpd`d{cVm _wIaVm d$è{$: pWao &
VH$mo Zm_ JwUmo ^dog Jw{UZm`mo XOZZmpLH$Vm: && 54 &&
dm_Zn{S>VmZr `m bmoH$mMm Ho$bobm g_bmoH$s AZwdmX Agm Amho
cmoZo OS> Xm{^H$ d{VnU| H$mnQ> emM| JUr&
em`} {ZX` AmOd| cS>~S>m H$s XrZ gmfUr &&
_mZoN>m Va _yI H$s ~S>~S>m d$m {ZH$m_r ^cm &
Eogm Vmo JwU H$moUVm IcOZr ZmhrM Omo qZ{Xcm && 54 &&
gVloR> VwH$mam_ _hmamOmZr, qZXH$mMo Ka Agmdo eooOmar, Ag
hQ>b Amho. Amn`m eoOmar H$moUr qZXH$ ahmV Agbm H$s Vmo gmaIm
Amnbr qZXm H$arV ahmVmo Am{U `m_wi Amn`mbm Amnbo XJwU H$m`
AmhoV ho g_OV. A`Wm Amn`mbm Amnbo XJwU g_O`mMm H$mhr
_mJM ZgVmo. bmoH$ Amn`mbm Amnbo XJwU dV: hZ VmoS>mda gmJV
ZmhrV. gmYmaUV: bmoH$ H$moUmbmhr Vm|S>mda MmJbM hUVmV Am{U
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Amn`mVbo Xmof g_OV ZmhrV. qZXH$ eoOmar Agbm hUOo _m
Vo g_OVmV. VwH$mam_ _hmamOmZr qZXH$mM Ka eoOmar Agmd Ag
r Am{U nwf {^ AmhoV, Am{U Vo nana nyaH$hr AmhoV.

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Ho$br Amho. ^Vharbmhr Aem qZXH$mMm _{h_m
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nU, ho qZXH$ `m`m `m JwUmMr g^mdZm _yInUm
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AgVmo. Vmo Im`m{n`mMr nò nmiV AgVmo.
nem~m~V Vmo {Z[aN> AgVmo. dmW`mJr AgVmo.
nU ho XOZ `mbm Xm{^H$ R>adyZ Q>mH$VmV. n{d
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Vr H$moUmnwT>o CJmM dmJVhr ZmhrV Am{U H$moUm`m
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Amn`m {ddmV nU _mZmZ ahmV AgVmV. XOZmZm
Aem bmoH$mV H$mhr `J gmnS>V Zmhr. Vr XOZm`mhr
ZmXr bmJV ZmhrV. A~mob AgVmV. nU Amnbo ho
XOZ ~Yw `mMr Aem gXJwUm~bhr qZXm H$am`bm
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JdJdm H$am`bm bmJVmV. H$moUmbm Z ~mobUm`m
_mUgmMr hr JV _J ânya ~mobUm`mbm Var `mZr
MmJb hUmd nU `mbmhr ho bmoH$ ~S>~S>m hUyZ
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^VharMo Zr{VeVH$
òH$ JwUmMr Vo Aer hoQ>miUrM H$aVmV. gOZ

_mUgmMo AZoH$ JwU AmhoV nU `mV`m òH$
JwUmMr `m qZXH$mZr Amn`m narZo g^mdZm Ho$bobr
AmhoM. `m`m KmdmVyZ EH$hr gXJwU gwQ>bobm Zmhr.
XOZmMr hr dmr H$Yr ~Xbm`Mr Zmhr. Vo H$moUmMrhr
_Z_moH$ionUmZ, â^$Z dmImUUr H$aUma ZmhrV.
`m`m g_moa g`dMZr h[aMmbm C^ Ho$b Varhr
Vo `m`mV H$mhr Var ImoS> emoYyZ H$mT>VrbM.
bmoH$emhrV {damoYr nj AgoM AgVmV. gaH$maZo
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Ho$`m {edm` ahmV ZmhrV. {damoYr njm`m Zo`mZr
gaH$maM Aq^ZXZ Ho$b` Ag H$Yr hmoV Zmhr. Ag
H$Yr KS>bM Va AmO gy` npM_obm CJdbm` Ag
g_Omd. H$moU`mhr KQ>ZoV dmBQ> VodT> emoYU Am{U
{H$Vrhr MmJb KS>b Varhr `mbm ZmH$ S>moio _moS>U
hr `mMr dmr H$Yr ~XbV Zmhr. Aem bmoH$m`m `m
dmrM dUZ gw^m{fVH$mamZr, Z{bH$mJV_{n Hw${Q>b Z
^d{V gab ewZ: nN>_,&& Ago Ho$b Amho. Hw$`mM
eonyQ> ZirV KmVb Varhr Vo H$Yr gai hmoV Zmhr.
VXdV qZXH$mMm d^md H$Yr ~XbV Zmhr.
***
r`m CVrMr hoigmS> H$aUo hoM Am_`m hrZ g_mOpWVrMo EH$ H$maU Amho.
AmdmhZ
Wmoa {`m d Wmoa nwf {_iyZM AmXe g_mO, AmXe Hw$Qw>~ hmoVo.
n[admOH$
dm_rOr Am{U eaXM JwVm - {fHo$ebm JJm{H$Zmar
{fHo$e
dm_r {ddoH$mZXm`m
^maV n[aH$_oVrb
d{eQ>nyU AZw^dmda
AmYm[aV {M_` XeZ
H$`mHw$_mar òWo
C^ma`mV Ambo Amho.
^mdr {nT>rbm oaUm XoUmao
amo_mMH$ ZmQ>_` gJ
`mV {MVma`mV Ambo
AmhoV. (H$_e:)
dm_rOr Am{U eaXM JwVm {fHo$ebm Ambo. VoWrb JJo`m

XeZmZo dm_rOtZm Iyn AmZX Pmbm. nwT>o XoIrb `m AmR>dUtZr dm_rOr
\w$pbV hmoV. Vo hUV, "{H$Vr {Z_i {Ziga nmUr, AJXr nwf XmoZ
nwf Imob Agbo`m _memMohr H$bo hmbVmZm nQ> {XgV. ""Amhmhm!
{H$Vr JmoS>, WS>Jma nmUr!! AJXr dm_rH$sZr Ho$bo`m dUZmer VVmoVV
OwiUmao!!!'' `m PwiPwi dmhUm`m nm`mMm "ha - ha' Agm dZr
hmoV Ago. AmOy~mOy`m S>m|JaX`mVrb P`mVyZhr VmoM "ha - ha' Agm
{VdZr C_Q>V Ago. {H$Vr emV Am`w`! gH$mir _mYwH$ar _mJmdr. EImm
IS>H$mda ~gyZ `mMm AmdmX `mdm. Am|OirZoM JJoMo _Ywa nmUr `mdo.
Aem `m a` {fHo$e_ò ^maVmVrb gd mVmMo Am{U nWmMo g`mgr
òV. {ddoH$mZX gdmV AJXrM ghOVoZo {_giV. `m `m{H$ g`mem~b
ZVa dm_rOtZr {b{hbo Amho, "" `m `mJr, XmgZm_r, ~amJr dJao|ZrM Y_
KamKamn`V Zobm Amho. Ho$dT>o _moR>o Y_ gmamMo H$m` Vo H$aVmV Am{U Vo hr
\$V EH$mM doi`m OodUm`m _mo~X`mV! {H$Vr {Z[aN> dmr!! Ho$dT>r
_moR>r g_mO godm!!!''
amOWmZ_ò AZoH$ emim Am{U Y_emim H$mT>`m Jo`m. AJXr
OJbmV gwm XdmImZo CKS>bo Jobo. {h_mb`mVrb X`mda nyb ~mYbo Jobo,
Vo EH$m H$mMynWr, dVdmr`m g`mem`m oaUoZo! Vmo g`mgr dV: EH$m
nembmhr ne H$arV Zgo. EH$m JmoYS>r IoarO `mMo dV:Mo Ago H$mhr
{` : g_V : Vd Xo{d ôXm : &
n[admOH$

Ow`m h[amaMo `
ZhVo. bmoH$ `mbm "JmoYS>r~wdm' hUyZ AmoiIV.

AZoH$ gmYy, nyU {Z:dmWu {gnwf Am{U Xod_mZd
Omon`V gZmV Y_mMo ajU H$arV AmhoV Vmon`V `m
Y_m`m emdVVoMr H$miOr H$a`mMo H$maU Zmhr.
`mM H$mimV dm_rOt`m _ZmV ~rZmWbm OmD$Z
{Z{dH$n g_mYr Ko`mMr Vrd D$_u òV hmoVr.
dm_rOtZr EH$m nmV {b{hbo Amho, ""{_mZmo, nydu
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Zmhr. `m nyU emV H$nZmVrV AdWoVrb AZm{_H$
AmZX {_imdm Aer AmoT> _bm bmJbr Amho...''
{h_mb`m`m AmH$fUmZo {ddoH$mZXmZr nwhm EH$Xm
_mohnme nyUnUo VmoS>`mMm `Z Ho$bm. {e` _S>ir
d`nmH$mV _Z AgVmZm {ddoH$mZX {ZKyZ Jobo. H$mhr
_b MmbyZ Jo`mda `mZm eaXMmMr AmR>dU Pmbr.
`m o_ Ym`mZo nwhm _mJo AmoT>bo Jobo.
eaXMm`m Q>rZo {h_mb`mVrb EH$Xa dmg
\$maM H$R>rU hmoVm. Eofmam_mMr gd` Pmbobr;
H$R>moa gmYZoMo g`memMo IS>Va OrdZ `mZm \$maM
mgXm`H$ Pmbo. ZVa EHo$ {R>H$mUr `mZr {b{hbo Amho,
"^yH$ - VhmZ `mZr _yN>m òV Ago. dm_rOrM _mPr
gd H$miOr KoV. Ho$di `m`m_wioM _r dmMbmo.
EH$Xm S>m|JamVrb ZXr nma H$am`Mr hmoVr. nm`mbm
{fHo$eMm XoImdm
MS> AmoT> hmoVr. dm_rOtZr dV: _moVmam_mUo

_m`m KmoS>mMm bJm_ Yabm Am{U ZXr nma Ho$br.
IamoIaM dm_rOtZr _m`mgmR>r Amnbo dV:Mo mU
Ymo`mV KmVbo.' Oohm _bm MmbUo H$R>rU hmoV Ago
Vohm _mPo gd AmoPo, AJXr nmXmUmgh, dm_rOr
dV: dmhZ ZoV. `m`m {ZVmV o_mMo dUZ _r eXmV
H$$M eH$V Zmhr.' {ddoH$mZXmZm ~rZmWbm H$mhr
OmVm Ambo Zmhr. òH$ doir H$mhr Zm H$mhr AS>MUr
Am`m. eodQ>r hm {e` BVH$m AmOmar nS>bm H$s,
dm_rOtZm `mbm KoD$Z naV hmWagbm `mdo bmJbo.
`mZm dV:bm _bo[a`m Pmbm. Vo \$maM AeV Pmbo
Am{U n[aUm_V: 1888 `m {hdm`mV hmWaghZ
naV damhZJa Aml_mV Ambo.
***
^maVr` {`mMm {dH$mg grVo`m nX{Mhm`m AZwamoYmZoM Pmbm nm{hOo.
KQ>ZmMH$
H$mp_aMr g_`m H$s H$mJmdm?
1965 gmb`m ^maV nmH$ `wmV AmMm` Ao

`m`m X. "_amR>m'V\}$ h_rX XbdmB d dgV gmonmaH$a
ho nH$ma `wdmVm Ko`mgmR>r Jobobo hmoVo. `mdoiMm
h_rX^mBZr EH$m boImV {bhZ R>odbobm hm AZw^d.
Vohm`m H$mp_ar d ^maVr` _wpb_ _mZ{gH$VoMm
hm XmIbm Amho. "Bbm_Mo ^maVr` {M' `m 3 _o
1982 amoOr {g Pmbo`m nwVH$mV XbdmBZr
_wpb_ d go`wba _mZ{gH$VoMo Zo_Ho$ {dcofU Ho$bobo
Amho. AmO Omo go`wba Xm{^H$nUm {XgV AgVmo
`m AmOmamMr bjUo h_rX^mBZr nmg dfmnydu
AmoiIbr, {b{hbr hmoVr. H$mhrdoir ~mobVmZm
gm{JVbr gwm hmoVr. `m nwVH$mV Aem AmOmamMo
AZoH$ Vnerb gmnSy> eH$Vrb. nU h_rXMo nwaH$V} d
AZw`m`r hUdUm`mZr Vr {H$Vr dmMbrV dm g_OyZ
KoVbrV, XodOmUo. H$maU Vohm Vmo hmQ>ob_Ybm ZmoH$a
AOmU _wbJm Oo ~mobV hmoVm, VoM AmO IwboAm_
amOH$s` nm{S>` hUyZ _mS>bo OmV AgVo. Vohmhr
`mMm qhXddmX dm gKmer g~Y ZhVm Am{U
AmOgwm Zmhr. nU go`wba AYloMo AJmaoYwnmao
H$a`mVM _ Agbo`mZm g` H$moUr gmJm`Mo d
H$go g_Odm`Mo?
AmO H$mp_a noQ>bm` Am{U H$emgmR>r? H$m`
Amho H$mp_aMr g_`m? AWmVM {VWo XheVdmX
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KmVbm`, Ago Cma Vm~S>Vmo~ {Xbo OmBb. _m nwT>bm
Vwhr {dMma`m`m AmYrM `m Cmambm nwVr
OmoS>br OmBb. "XheVdmXmbm Y_ ZgVmo'. BWyZ
Iar g_`m gw$ hmoVo. H$maU Y_ hrM Va H$mp_aMr
Iar g_`m Amho. Vr \$$ H$mp_anwaVr Zmhr, H$s
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***
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Amn`m {ejUmVrb gdmV _moR>r CUrd H$moUVr Agob Va Vr J[a~mMo {ejU. Ago H$m`H$Vo hdoV, Oo
IoS>monmS>r XmamoXmar OmVrb d Y_kmZm~amo~aM ^m{VH$ {ejU XoVrb.
Amn`mM KamV ^mS>V ~gy ZH$m, H$maU Vo nmn Amho.

Vivek Vichar August 2016

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