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2009 H2 Physics Prelim Exams (9745) Suggested Solutions

Paper 2
Question
Number

Suggested Solutions
1(a)

T = (0.58 0.03) s

1(b) The measurements of mass should be improved as it as the largest

fractional uncertainty.
2

a) 180 kW (2 sf)
b)
v
= 30.4 ms-1

c) The car will land 61.3 m from B.

3

(a)(i)

(a)(ii) E =

hc

= 641 nm

(b)(i) Number of atoms in a particular excited state is greater than the number of
atoms in a lower energy state.
(b)(ii) Process by which an incident photon of the correct frequency / energy
triggers the emission of an identical photon from an excited atom.

a)i) For a body in rotational equilibrium, the sum of clockwise moments about any
point in the body equals the sum of anticlockwise moments about the same point.
a)ii) The force in spring T is smaller than that in S because the clockwise moment
due to S is balanced by the anticlockwise moment due to A and spring T. Since
extension of each spring is the same, spring constant of T is smaller [or the spring
constants of both balance are different].
b)i)1. Tension + contact force by balance E = 11.0 g = 107.91 = 108 N
b)i)2. Weight of beaker + liquid + A = 11.0g
Weight of A = 80.4 N
b)i)3. upthrust = 46.1 N
b)ii 1240 kgm-3

5(a) As the resistance of the heating coil in the kettle remains unchanged, when
the voltage supply is smaller (ie 110 V), the power dissipated by the kettle is
reduced using the relation P =

V2
. Hence it would take a longer time for water in
R

the kettle to boil when the kettle is used in USA instead.

5(b)

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6
Total energy released
=3.96 X 10-12 J
a) Energy is needed to overcome the very large coulombic / electrostatic repulsion
between the protons so that they can be combined
c)T = 3.87 x 109 K
d) These reactions sometimes are called thermonuclear reactions as very high
temperature is required for nuclear reaction to take place.
7

a) Weight of Hywind structure, W = 53.3 MN(3 sf)

b)i) The deflection of the wind blades causes the momentum of the wind to
change direction. There is a force on the wind due to the change of momentum.
By Newtons 3rd law, there is an equal and opposite force acting on the wind
blades. The force on each blade causes a torque or moment which results in a
rotation of the wind turbine.
b)ii) The kinetic energy of the wind is converted to rotational kinetic energy of the
wind blade and gear box. The gear box coupled to the generator cause the coils in
the generator to rotate and cut the magnetic field inside the generator. The cutting
of the magnetic field by the rotating coil in the generator produces electrical energy
through the effect of electromagnetic induction.
c) Using points:
(10.5, 1300000):
(11.5, 1700000):
(14.5, 3400000):
k is approximately
is a constant.

k = (1300000)/ 10.53 = 1123

k = (1700000)/ 11.53 = 1118
k = (3400000)/ 14.53 = 1115
1120 for all the 3 points tested. Hence we can conclude that k

d)i)
When v= 11 ms-1, p = 1500000 W
lg (11/ ms-1) = 1.041 , lg (1500000/W) = 6.176 = 6.18 (3 sf)
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dii) Using points from the graph: (0.93,5.84), (1.13,6.44)

Gradient = (6.44 5.84)/(1.13 0.93) = 0.6/0.2 = 3.0
diii) P = kv 3
lg p = 3 lg v + lg k where gradient of the line is 3.
Since the experiment data shows a straight line graph with gradient equals 3.0,
the relationship P = kv 3 is valid.
e)1. kinetic energy of air incident per second, Pi = Av3
= (1.2)((82.4/2)2) (11)3
= 4.259 MW
e)2. Efficiency = Power output/ Power input
=
1500000/ 4.259x106
=
35.2%
g) Some of the possible problems:

Wind speed which is excessively high leading to over current produced which will
damage the generator.

Corrosion of the structure due to the salty environment.

Possible lightning strike due to the tall structure and the blade tip.

Power loss due to long distance transmission.

Strong tide leading to instability of the structure

Difficulty in maintenance as it is out in the open sea.

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