ENG1002Week2ProblemSheet

DimensionsandUnits
1.ReferringtotheBernoulliequationbelow,giventhatgistheaccelerationduetogravity,
v1andv2arevelocitiesandthatp1andp2arepressures,determinethedimensionsand
SIunitsforz1,z2and.

p2 p1

1 2 2
v2 v1 g ( z2 z1 ) 0
2

2.Convertaspeedof60milesperhourintom/s(1mile=1609m)

3.Convertanareaof20mm2intom2.

4.Convertadensityof1.2g/cm3intokg/m3.

5.OnesetofSIunitsforviscosityis:Pa.s.Determine(a)thedimensionsofviscosityand(b)
anothersetofSIunitsforviscosity.

6.Convert4.2lightyearsintotheappropriateSIunits.(speedoflightis3108m/s)

7.DeterminetheSIunitsoftheconstantsAandEinthefollowingequation:

E
k A exp

RT

(Wheretheunitofkarekmol/m3.s,TistemperatureinKelvinandRistheUniversalGas
Constant,whichhastheunitsJ/kmol.K).

8.Determinethekineticenergy(inkJ)possessedbyacarofmass0.9tonnestravelingata
1
speedof110km/h.( kinetic energy mv 2 )
2

9.Intheexpressionbelow,visthevelocity(inm/s)offluidinapipeofinsidediameter
100mm,wshastheunitsJ/kgandgistheaccelerationduetogravity.

w
s 18.06 1.988 v 2
g

Showthattheunitsof w s g aremetres.Determinetheexpressionfor ws g (inthe

,inm3/h.
sameunits),butintermsofthevolumeflowrateoffluidinthepipe, V

10.Convert2000kJ/h.m2.CtoanequivalentvalueinW/m2.K

11.Giventhatapressureis1atmosphereisequivalentto101.3kPaand1baris105Pa,
expressapressureof5.6atmospheresinkPa,bar,N/m2andMPa.

Notes:
UnitsofforceareNewton(N)
Force
Pressure

Area
Force=massacceleration

MassBalance

12.Amixerisusedtomixtwostreams:onecontainingoxygenandnitrogen,theotherpure
nitrogen.Stream1flowsat450kg/hrandconsistsof45wt%ofN2,whilststream2
flowsat380kg/hr.
(a) Performanoverallmassbalanceonthemixertocalculatetheflowrateofthe
productstream.
(b) PerformaN2componentmassbalancetocalculatethemassfractionofN2inthe
productstream.
(c) Ifanotherstreamofpureoxygenisaddedtothemixerat200kg/hr,calculatethe
massfractionofbothN2andO2intheproductstream.

13.Fourstreamsarefedintoamixer.Thesestreamsare:
1. Astreamwhichisamixtureofoxygenandnitrogenat400kg/hr(massfraction
oxygen=0.23)
2. Astreamofpureoxygenat210kg/hr
3. Astreamofpurecarbonmonoxideat150kg/hr
4. Astreamofpurecarbondioxideat380kg/hr

(a)Whatisthemassfractionofeachcomponentintheproductstream?
(b)Iftheflowrateoftheoxygen/nitrogenmixturestreamisincreasedto600kg/hr,
whatwillbethenewmassfractionofeachcomponentintheproduct?

14.Theflowrateofbrine(saltywater)inanopenchannelmaybemeasuredbyaddinga
knownrateofsalt(NaCl)tothestreamandanalysingforNaClinupstreamand
downstreamsamples.Duringsuchatest,asolutioncontaining25gNaClper100g
waterwasaddedatasteadyrateof50kg/mintoaflowingstream,andtheNaCl
concentrationinthestreamchangedfrom3.5%w/wupstreamto4.0%w/w
downstream.Calculatethemassflowrateofthestream.Whatbasicassumptionis
necessaryforthesolutionofthisproblem?

15.Inordertomeetacertainoctanenumberspecification,itisnecessarytoproducea
motorgasolinecontaining80%w/wioctaneand20%w/wnheptane.Whatvolume
flowrates(m3/h)ofhighoctanegasoline(90%w/wioctaneand10%w/wnheptane)
andlowoctanegasoline(65%w/wIoctaneand35%w/wnheptane)mustbeblended
toobtain100m3/hofthedesiredgasoline?

(N.B.Youcannotassumethatvolumeisconserved)

Densityoflowoctanegasoline
=
696kg/m3

Densityofhighoctanegasoline
=
701kg/m3

Densityofproductgasoline
=
699kg/m3

16.Thefigurebelowleftisasketchofanartificialkidney,amedicaldeviceusedtoremove
wastemetabolitesfromyourbloodincasesofkidneymalfunction.Thedialyzingfluid
passesacrossahollowmembrane,andthewasteproductsdiffusefromthebloodinto
thedialyzingfluid.Ifthebloodenteringtheunitflowatarateof220ml/min,andthe
bloodexitingtheunitflowsat215ml/min,howmuchwaterandurea(themainwaste
product)passintothedialysateiftheenteringconcentrationofureainthebloodis2.30
mg/mlandtheexitconcentrationofureainthebloodis1.70mg/ml?Ifthedialyzing
fluidflowsintotheunitat100ml/min,whatistheconcentrationofureainthe
dialysate?(Thefigurebelowrightmayassistyouinapproachingthisproblem).

Blood in
Blood out

1
3

2 Urea and water transfer

5
4

Dialysate in
Dialysate out

Artificial kidney