SKR ENGINEERING

COLLEGE
(Affiliated to Anna University, NBA accredited
and ISO certified)
Nasarathpet, Poonamallee, Chennai 600 123

Department of Electronics and

Communication Engineering
147403

Electromagnetic Fields

(for Second Year Fourth Semester ECE A&B)

This Booklet contains

Syllabus
Text Books and Reference Books Titles
Unit wise Two Mark Questions and Answers
Unit wise Part A and Part B Questions
Important formulae to be remembered
Prepared by,
K. Sivakumar.ME,
Department of ECE,
Page 1 of 26

SKR Engineering College,

Chennai - 600123.

Syllabus:

147403 ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS

UNIT I

STATIC ELECTRIC FIELDS

9 Hrs

Introduction to Co-ordinate System Rectangular Cylindrical and Spherical Co-ordinate

System Introduction to line, Surface and Volume Integrals Definition of Curl, Divergence and
Gradient Meaning of Stokes theorem and Divergence theorem. Coulombs Law in Vector
Form Definition of Electric Field Intensity Principle of Superposition Electric Field due to
discrete charges Electric field due to continuous charge distribution - Electric Field due to
charges distributed uniformly on an infinite and finite line Electric Field on the axis of a
uniformly charged circular disc Electric Field due to an infinite uniformly charged
sheet.Electric Scalar Potential Relationship between potential and electric field - Potential due
to infinite uniformly charged line Potential due to electrical dipole - Electric Flux Density
Gauss Law Proof of Gauss Law Applications.
UNIT II
STATIC MAGNETIC FIELD
9 Hrs
The Biot-Savart Law in vector form Magnetic Field intensity due to a finite and infinite wire
carrying a current I Magnetic field intensity on the axis of a circular and rectangular loop
carrying a current I Amperes circuital law and simple applications. Magnetic flux density
The Lorentz force equation for a moving charge and applications Force on a wire carrying a
current I placed in a magnetic field Torque on a loop carrying a current I Magnetic moment
Magnetic Vector Potential.
UNIT III
ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC FIELDS IN MATERIALS
9 Hrs
Poissons and Laplaces equation Electric Polarization-Nature of dielectric materialsDefinition of Capacitance Capacitance of various geometries using Laplaces equation
Electrostatic energy and energy density Boundary conditions for electric fields Electric
current Current density point form of ohms law continuity equation for current.
Definition of Inductance Inductance of loops and solenoids Definition of mutual inductance
simple examples. Energy density in magnetic fields Nature of magnetic materials
magnetization and permeability - magnetic boundary conditions.
Page 2 of 26

UNIT IV
TIME VARYING ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC FIELDS 9 Hrs
Faradays law Maxwells Second Equation in integral form from Faradays Law Equation
expressed in point form. Displacement current Amperes circuital law in integral form
Modified form of Amperes circuital law as Maxwells first equation in integral form Equation
expressed in point form. Maxwells four equations in integral form and differential form.
Poynting Vector and the flow of power Power flow in a co-axial cable Instantaneous Average
and Complex Poynting Vector.
UNIT V
ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES
9 Hrs
Derivation of Wave Equation Uniform Plane Waves Maxwells equation in Phasor form
Wave equation in Phasor form Plane waves in free space and in a homogenous material.Wave
equation for a conducting medium Plane waves in lossy dielectrics Propagation in good
conductors Skin effect.Linear, Elliptical and circular polarization Reflection of Plane Wave
from a conductor normal incidence Reflection of Plane Waves by a perfect dielectric
normal and oblique incidence. Dependence on Polarization. Brewster angle.

Text and Reference Books

Textbooks
1. W H.Hayt & J A Buck : Engineering Electromagnetics TATA McGraw-Hill, 7th Edition
2007 (Unit I,II,III ).
2. E.C. Jordan & K.G. Balmain Electromagnetic Waves and Radiating Systems. Pearson
Education/PHI 4nd edition 2006. (Unit IV, V).
Reference Books
1.
Matthew N.O.Sadiku: Elements of Engineering Electromagnetics Oxford University
Press, 4th edition, 2007
2.

Narayana Rao, N : Elements of Engineering Electromagnetics 6 th edition, Pearson

Education, New Delhi, 2006.

3.

Ramo, Whinnery and Van Duzer: Fields and Waves in Communications Electronics
John Wiley & Sons ,3rd edition 2003.

4.

David K.Cheng: Field and Wave Electromagnetics - Second Edition-Pearson Edition,

2004.

5.

G.S.N. Raju, Electromagnetic Field Theory & Transmission Lines, Pearson Education,
2006

Page 3 of 26

UNIT I
STATIC ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS
1. Define Scalar and Vector and give examples.
A scalar is a quantity that is completely characterized by its magnitude and algebraic
sign. Eg. Mass, Work, etc. A Vector is a quantity that is completely characterized by its
magnitude and direction. Eg. Force, Displacement, etc
2. Give the types of vectors with examples.
There are two types of Vectors: Localized vectors and free vectors. Localized
vectors are those for which the point at which the vector acts should also be specified
whereas free vectors doesnt have such restriction. Eg. Force (Localized), Couple
(Free).
3. What are a scalar field and a vector field?
If at each point in a region any physical function has some value, then the region is
called a field. If the value of the physical function at each point is a scalar quantity, then
the field is a scalar field.
4. Give the features of Cartesian co-ordinate system.
(a) It has three mutually perpendicular axes x,y,z.
(b) ax, ay, az are the unit vectors along x, y, z.
(c) ax x ay = az
(d) A = Axax + Ayay + Azaz
(e)

Ax Ay Az

5. What are Gradient, Divergence and Curl?

The gradient of a scalar function is a vector with the following properties.
(a) Its components at any point are the rates of change of the function
along the direction of the co-ordinate axes at that point.
(b) Its magnitude at the point is the maximum rate of change of the
function with distance.
(c) Its direction id that of the maximum rate of change of the function, and
it points towards larger values of the function.

a x
ay
az
x

The scalar multiplication of with the vector field A is called divergence

and vector multiplication of with the A is called Curl.
A

Ax Ay
A

divA
x
y
z

Page 4 of 26

 ax

A
x
Ax

az

curlA
z
Az

ay

y
Ay

6. State Divergence Theorem.

If F is a vector function, in a region bounded by a closed surface S, then the surface
integral of the normal component of F, is equal ot the volume integral of divergence of F.

F ds Fdv
s

7. State Stokes Theorem.

The line integral of the tangential component of a vector function F around a simple
closed curve C is equal to the surface integral of the normal component of curl F over
any surface S having boundary.

F .dr ( F ) ds
c

8. What is Electrostatic Potential?

The Electric potential is a scalar quantity and is found to be equal to the work done per
unit charge in moving a test charge against the field from a reference point, say from infinity
to its final position.
V

Q
4 0 r

Volts

9. Define Principle of Superposition with respect to potential.

The total electric potential V at a point is the algebraic sum of the individual
component potentials at the point P.

Vp

1
4 0

k n

Qk

r
k 1

Volts

10. State Coulombs law.

Coulombs law states that the force between two point charges is directly proportional to
the product of magnitudes of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the
distances between the charges. The force is also dependent upon the medium in which the
charge is placed.

F k

Q1Q2
N
r2

where Q1, Q2 are point charges.

Page 5 of 26

r is the distance between two charges.

K is a constant of proportionality and it depends on permittivity of the medium and is given
by,

1
4 0

0 = 8.854 x 10-12 F/m

k = 9 x 109 m/F
11. What is the Electric Field intensity due to several point charges?
Electric field intensity at a point will be the vector sum of the electric field intensities due
to each charge acting alone.

1
4 0

mn

Qm

R
m 1

a Rm V/m

12. Give the expressions for Electric Field intensities due to Line, Surface and
Volume charge distributions.
Electric field intensities due to continuous line charge distribution is

1
4 0

l dl
ar
r2

V/m

Electric field intensities due to continuous surface charge distribution is

1
4 0

s ds
ar
r2

V/m

Electric field intensities due to continuous volume charge distribution is

1
4 0

v dv
ar
r2

V/m

In the above expressions l, s, v are the line, surface and volume charge densities
respectively, r is the distance between the charge and the point in the field and a r is the unit
vector in that direction. 0 is the permittivity of free space.
13. What is an electric Flux?
Any charge Q will have an electric field around it. If a test charge is brought near it, the
test charge experiences force. The lines drawn to trace the direction in which a positive test
charge will experience force due to the main charge are called the lines of force or Electric
Flux.
14. Define Electric Flux Density and give expression.
The product of the Electric field intensity and permittivity of the medium is called the
Electric Flux Density D.
Page 6 of 26

Q
a r E
4r 2

C/m2

15. State Gausss law and give expression.

The Gausss law states that the surface integral of the Electric field vector E over any
closed surface in free space is given by Q/0, where Q is the total charge enclosed by the
surface
Q

E ds

16. Give the Laplace equation in Cartesian, Cylindrical and Spherical co-ordinate
systems.
Laplace Equation in Cartesian co-ordinates
2V

2V 2V 2V

0
x 2
y 2
z 2

Laplace Equation in Cylindrical co-ordinates

2V

1
V
1 2V 2V
(r
) 2

0
r r
r
r 2 z 2

Laplace Equation in Spherical co-ordinates

2V

1 2 V
1

V
1
2V
(r
) 2
(sin
) 2
0
2
2
r r
r
r sin

r sin 2

17. Give the Poissons equation in Cartesian, Cylindrical and Spherical co-ordinate
systems.
Poisson Equation in Cartesian co-ordinates
2V

2V 2V 2V

2
2
2
x
y
z

Poisson Equation in Cylindrical co-ordinates

2V

1
V
1 2V 2V

(r
) 2

2
2
r r
r
r
z

Poisson Equation in Spherical co-ordinates

2V

1 2 V
1

V
1
2V

(
r
)

(sin

18. State Mean value

2
2
2
2
2
r r
r
r sin

r sin

and Maximum value theorems.

Page 7 of 26

Mean value theorem states that at the center of an included circle or sphere, the
potential V is equal to the average of the values it assumes on the circle or sphere.
Maximum value theorem states that the potential V cannot have a maximum or a
minimum within the region. Then the Cartesian components of the electric field intensity
take their maximum values on the boundary.
19.
Give the expression for Potential due to Line, Surface and Volume charge
distributions.
The potential at p due to line charge distribution is

VL

1
4 0

L
dl
r

The potential at p due to surface charge distribution is

1
4 0

Vs

s
ds
r

The potential at p due to volume charge distribution is

Vv

1
4 0

v
dv
r

In the above expressions l, s, v are the line, surface and volume charge densities
respectively, r is the distance between the charge and the point in the field. 0 is the
permittivity of free space.
UNIT II
STATIC MAGNETIC FIELD
1. What is the force on a charge, moving in a uniform magnetic field?
The force on a charge Q moving in a uniform magnetic field B with velocity v is
given by,
F Q (v B )
F BQv sin

N
N

where, is the angle between the direction of B and the direction in which the charge
moves.
2. What is the force experienced by a current carrying element in a uniform magnetic
field?
The force experienced by a current carrying element Idl in a
uniform
magnetic field B is given by

Page 8 of 26

F I (dl B )

F BIl sin

N
N

where, is the angle between the direction of B and the direction of current in the
conductor.
3. Give the Lorentz force equation.
The Lorentz force equation gives the force on a charge Q moving in a region
where both the electric field E and magnetic field B are present.
F Q( E v B)

where v is the velocity with which the charge moves in the field.
4. Define magnetic flux density.
The magnetic flux per unit area is called the magnetic flux density B.
B

Wb/m2 (or) Tesla

5. State Biot-Savarts law.

The Biot-Savart law states that at any point P the magnitude of the
magnetic field produced by the differential element dl is
a) Proportional to the product of current, the magnitude of the differential length,
and the sine of the angle lying between the element and a line connecting the
element to the point P where the field is desired,
b) Inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the differential
element to the point P.
c) Directly proportional to the constant of the medium () and
d) Directed normal to the plane containing the differential element and the line
drawn from the filament to the point P.

Idl sin
4r 2

Wb/m2

6. State Amperes law for a magnetic field.

The Amperes law states that the line integral of H around a single closed path is
equal to the current enclosed.
It can also be stated as the line integral of B around a single closed path is equal
to the permeability of the medium times the current enclosed.

H dl I
B dl I
7. What is the force between two current carrying conductors?
Page 9 of 26

The force between the two conductors carrying current I 1 and I2 separated by a
distance r is given by

0 I1 I 2
2r

8. Give the relation between magnetic flux density and magnetic field intensity.
The permeability of any medium is the ratio of the magnetic flux density B to
the magnetic field intensity H.

B
H

H/m

9. State the Gausss law for magnetic fields.

The integral of the magnetic flux density B over a closed surface is zero. This is
called the Gausss law for magnetic fields.

B dS 0
where, dS is the normal component of the surface.
10. What is the torque on a current carrying loop?
The torque, or moment, of a force is a vector whose magnitude is the product of
the magnitudes of the vector force, the vector lever arm, and the sine of the angle between
these two vectors. The direction of the vector torque is normal to both the force and lever
arm.
T R F Nm
where, R is the vector lever arm, F is the force vector.
11. What is the torque on a planar coil?
The torque on a planar coil of any size in a uniform magnetic field is the product
of the magnitudes of magnetic moment m, magnetic flux density B and the sine of the
angle between these two. It is given by

T m B

Nm

12. Define magnetic moment.

The magnetic moment m is defined as the product of the loop current and the
vector area of the loop. It is given by,

m IA Am2
where A is the vector area.
13. Define permeability with respect to the field cell.
The permeability of a medium may be defined as the inductance per unit length
of a transmission line cell filled with this medium.

Page 10 of 26

L
d

H/m

where, L is the inductance of a field cell and d is the length of the field cell.
14. Give the expressions relating B and H with the current density J.

0
4

J ar
dv
r2

curlB 0 J

curlH J
15. Give the expressions relating magnetic vector potential with the current density J.
2 A J
A
16.

r dr

Wb/m

Give the relation between B and magnetic vector potential.

B CurlA
17. What is the magnetic field at any point due to a infinitely long conductor carrying
current?

0 I
2d

Wb/m2

I
2d

A/m

Where, d is distance between the conductor and the point where the field is required.

18.

What is the magnetic field at any point due to a finite length conductor carrying
current?

0 I
[cos 1 cos 2 ] Wb/m2
4d

I
[cos 1 cos 2 ]
4d

A/m

Page 11 of 26

19.

What is the magnetic field at any point on the axis of a circular coil carrying
current?

0 Ia 2
2( a d )
2

Ia 2

2( a 2 d 2 )

Wb/m2

A/m

where a is the radius of the circle.

20.

21.

22.

What is the magnetic field at the centre of the circular coil carrying current?

0 I
Wb/m2
2a

I
2a

A/m

What is the magnetic field at any point on the axis of a solenoid carrying current?

0 NI
[cos 1 cos 2 ] Wb/m2
2l

I
[cos 1 cos 2 ]
2l

A/m

What is the magnetic field at a point midway on the axis of the solenoid carrying
0 NI
B
current?
Wb/m2
2 (l 2) 2 a 2
H

NI
2 (l 2) 2 a 2

A/m

23. What is the magnetic field at any end of the axis of the solenoid carrying current?

0 NI
2 l a
2

NI
2 l2 a2

Wb/m2

A/m

UNIT III
ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC FIELDS IN MATERIALS
1. What are the homogeneous and isotropic mediums?
Page 12 of 26

Homogeneous medium is the one for which the quantities , sigma are constant throughout
the medium. The medium is isotropic if epsilon is a scalar constant so that D and E have
everywhere the same direction
2. What is meant by dielectric breakdown?
When the electric field in a dielectric is sufficiently large, it begins to pull electrons completely
out of the molecules and the dielectric becomes conduction. This is called dielectric break down.
3. Define dielectric strength of material and give its unit
The maximum electric field intensity that a dielectric material can withstand without break down
is the dielectric strength of the material. Its unit is V/m
4. What do you mean by boundary conditions?
The conditions existing at the boundary of the two media when field passed from one medium to
other are called boundary conditions.
5. Define current density
The current density is defined as the current passing through the unit surface area, then the
surface is held normal to the direction of current.
The current density is measured in amperes per square meters
6. What are the basic properties of conductors?
Electric field is zero inside a conductor.
The charges can only reside o n the surface of the conductor and not inside a conductor
Conductor is an equipotential region.
Electric field intensity at all points on the surface of a conductor must be normal to the surface.
Electric charges located outside a conductor cannot produce an electric field inside a completely
closed cavity within the conductor.
7. What is drift current?
The current, which exists in the conductors, due to the drifting of electrons under the influence
of the applied voltage.
8. Define conduction, convection and displacement currents
Conduction current is defined as the current due to movement of free electrons which are
abundantly resent in metallic conductors
Convection current is the current produced by transportation of chare particles like electrons or
ions through space as in the case of CRO
Page 13 of 26

Displacement current is defined as the current caused by displacement of electric dipoles in a

dielectric material under the influence of externally applied alternation current.
9. What are the different types of magnetic materials?
Diamagnetic,
Paramagnetic,
Superparamagnetic

Ferromagnetic,

Antiferromagnetic,

Ferrimagnetic,

10. Give examples for paramagnetic materials

Potassium, Oxygen, tungsten, Erbium chloride and Neodymium Oxide, Masers
11. Define Magnetization
The magnetization M in amperes per meter is the magnetic dipole moment per unit value. If ther
are N atoms in a given volume and kth atomhas a magnetic moment.
12. Define self inductance
Inductance is the ratio of the total flux linkage to the current. The flux linkage is defined as the
product of the number of the turns and the flux linking each of them.

L=N/I Henry

13. Define Mutual Inductance

Mutual Inductance is defined as the ration of the flux linkage in one cio to the current in the
other coil.

M12=N212 I1

M21=N121 I2

UNIT IV&V
ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS & ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES
1. What is an emf?
An electro-motive force is a voltage that arises from conductors moving in a
magnetic field or from changing magnetic fields.
2. State Faradays law.
Faradays law states that, the total emf induced in a closed circuit is
Page 14 of 26

equal to the time rate of decrease of the total magnetic flux linking the circuit.
e

d
dt

3. State Lenzs law.

The Lenzs law states that, the induced current in the loop is always in such a
direction as to produce flux opposing the change in flux density.
4. Explain briefly the different types of emfs produced in a conductor placed in a
magnetic field.
There are two ways in which we can induce emf in a conductor. If a moving
conductor is placed in a static magnetic field then the emf produced in the conductor is
called dynamically induced emf. If the stationary conductor is placed in a time varying
magnetic field, then the emf produced is called statically induced emf.
5. Give the Maxwells equation I in both integral form and point form.
Maxwells equation I is derived from the Amperes circuital law which states that
the line integral of magnetic field intensity H on any closed path is equal to the current
enclosed by that path.

H .dl I
Maxwells equation I in integral form is

H .dl

E
ds
t

Maxwells equation I in point form is

H E

E
t

The magneto motive force around a closed path is equal to the sum of the
conduction current and displacement current enclosed by the path.
6. Give the Maxwells equation II in both integral form and point form.
Maxwells equation II is derived from Faradays law which states that the emf
induced in a circuit is equal to the rate of decrease of the magnetic flux linkage in the circuit.
e

d
dt

Maxwells equation - II in integral form is

E.dl

H
ds
t

Page 15 of 26

Maxwells equation II in point form is

E

B
t

The electro motive force around a closed path is equal to the magnetic
displacement (flux density) through that closed path.
7. Give the Maxwells equation III in both integral form and point form.
The Maxwells equation III is derived from electric Gausss law which states
that the electric flux through any closed surface is equal to the charge enclosed by the
surface.
Q

Maxwells equation III in integral form is

D.ds dv
s

Maxwells equation III in point form is

D

The total electric displacement through the surface enclosing a volume is equal
to the total charge within the volume.
8. Give the Maxwells equation IV in both integral form and point form.
Maxwells equation IV is derived from magnetic Gausss law which states that,
the total magnetic flux through any closed surface is equal to zero.
0
Maxwells equation IV in integral form is

B.ds 0
s

Maxwells equation IV in point form is

B 0
The net magnetic flux emerging through any closed surface is zero.
9. Distinguish between the conduction current and displacement current.
Conduction current Ic is flowing through a conductor having resistance R, when
potential V is applied across the conductor.

Page 16 of 26

Ic

V
R

Displacement current ID is flowing through a capacitor when ac voltage is applied across the
capacitor.
ID C

dV
dt

10. What is Eddy current and Eddy current loss?

In electrical machines, the alternating magnetic fields induce emf in the cores
also apart from the coil. This small amount of emf induced in the core circulates current in
the core. This current is called eddy current and the power loss, which appears in the form
of heat, due to these eddy currents is called eddy current loss.
11. Give the wave equation in terms of electric field and magnetic field.
The electromagnetic wave equation in terms of electric field is,

2 E

E
2E
2 0
t
t

The electromagnetic wave equation in terms of magnetic field is,

2 H

H
2H

0
t
t 2

12. Give the wave equation in free space.

The wave equation in free space in terms of electric field is,

2 E

2E
0
t 2

The wave equation in free space in terms of magnetic field is,

2 H

2H
0
t 2

13. List out the properties of a uniform plane wave.

If the plane of wave is the same for all points on a plane surface, it is called plane
wave. If the amplitude is also constant in a plane wave, it is called uniform plane wave. The
properties of uniform plane waves are:
a) At every point in space, E and H are perpendicular to each other and to
the direction of travel.
b) The fields vary with time at the same frequency, everywhere in space.
c) Each field has the same direction, magnitudes and phase at every point
in any plane perpendicular to the direction of wave travel.
14. Give the expression for the characteristic impedance of the wave.
Page 17 of 26

The characteristic impedance or intrinsic impedance is the ratio of the electric

field intensity to the magnetic field intensity.
E

where, is the permeability of the medium and is the permittivity of the medium.
15. What is Vector Helmholtz equation.
The wave equation in lossless medium in phasor form is called the vector
Helmholtz equation.
2 E 2 E 0

16.Give the wave equation for a conducting medium.

The wave equation for a conducting medium in phasor form is given as,
2 E j j 2 ) E 0

17. What is skin effect and skin depth?

In a good conductor the wave is attenuated as it progresses. At higher
frequencies the rate of attenuation is very large, and the wave may penetrate only a very
short distance before being reduced to a small value. This effect is called skin effect.
The skin depth () is defined as that depth in which the wave has been
attenuated to 1/e or approximately 37% of its original value. It is also known as depth of
penetration.

where is the attenuation constant,

2 2

18. Give the expression for attenuation constant and phase shift constant for a wave
propagating in a conducting medium.
The attenuation constant for a wave propagating in a conducting medium is,

2 2

The phase shift constant for a wave propagating in a conducting medium is,

Page 18 of 26

2 2

19. Give the expression for the velocity of propagation of a wave in any medium.
The velocity of propagation of a wave in any medium is,
v

where is the angular velocity and is the phase shift.

Unit wise Part A & Part B Questions

UNIT- I - STATIC ELECTRIC FIELDS
PART-A (2 Marks)
1. Describe what are the source of electric field and magnetic fields?
2. What is a scalar quantity?
3. What is a vector quantity?
4. Define vector product of two vectors.
5. Find the dot product of the vectors A and B if A =2ax-3ay+4az, B= -ax+2ay+2az.
6. Write down expression for x,y,z in terms of spherical co-ordinates r,_ and _.
7. Represent point P (0, 1, 1) m given in Cartesian co-ordinates in spherical co-ordinates.
8. Give any three co ordinate systems.
9. Express the value of differential volume in rectangular and cylindrical co-ordinate systems.
10. Write expression for differential length in cylindrical and spherical co- ordinates.
11. What is physical significance of divergence of D?
12. Express the divergence of a vector in the three system of orthogonal Co-ordination.
13. State divergence theorem.
14. State Stokes theorem.
15. How is the unit vectors defined in three co ordinate systems?
PART-B (16 Marks)
1. Explain different types of coordinate systems.
2. a. State and prove divergence theorem. (8)
b. What are the major source of electromagnetic fields (8)
3.Check validity of the divergence theorem considering the field D=2xy ax+x2ay c/m2 and the
rectangular parallelepiped formed by the planes x=0,x=1,y=0,y=2 &z=0,z=3. (16)
4 .A vector field D = [5r2/4]Ir is given in spherical co-ordinates. Evaluate both sides of
divergence theorem for the volume enclosed between r=1&r=2. (16)
5. Given A= 2r cos_+Ri_ in cylindrical co-ordinates .for the contour x=0 to 1, y= 0 to1, verify
Stokes theorem (16)
6. Explain three co-ordinate systems. (16)
7. a. A uniform line charge _L =25Nc/m lies on the x=3m and y=4m in free space.
Find the electric field intensity at a point (2, 3and 15) m. (8)
b. Given that potential V=10sin_cos_/r2 find the electric flux density D at (2, /2,0) (8)
8. State and prove Gauss law and explain applications of Gauss law. (16)
Page 19 of 26

9. Derive an expression for the electric field due to a straight and infinite uniformly charged wire
of length L meters and with a charge density of + c/m at a Point P which lies along the
perpendicular bisector of wire. (16)
10. Define the potential difference and absolute potential. Give the relation between potential
and field intensity. (16)
11. Derive an expression for potential due to infinite uniformly charged line and also derive
potential due to electric dipole. (16)
UNIT II STATIC MAGNETIC FIELD
PART-A (2 Marks)
1. Define Lorentz law of force.
2. State Biot-Savart Law.
3. State Amperes circuital law.
4. What is the difference between scalar and vector magnetic potential.
5. Define Magnetic Moment.
6. What is magnetic dipole moment?
7. Can a magnetic field exist in a good conductor if it is static or time varying? Explain.
8. Define magnetic vector potential.
PART- B (16 Marks)
1. Derive the expression for magnetic field intensity and magnetic flux density due to finite and
infinite line. (16)
2. Derive the expressions for magnetic field intensity and magnetic flux density due to circular
coil. (16)
3. a. Derive an expression for force between two current carrying conductors (8)
b. An iron ring with a cross sectional area of 3cm square and mean circumference of 15 cm is
wound with 250 turns wire carrying a current of 0.3A. The relative permeability of ring is
1500.Calculate the flux established in the ring. (8)
4. a. Derive the expression for torque developed in a rectangular closed circuit carrying current I
in a uniform field. (8)
b. State Amperes circuital law and explain any two applications of Amperes Circuital law. (8)
UNIT III ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC FIELDS IN MATERIALS
PART-A (2 Marks)
1. Write the Poissons and Laplace equations.
2. Obtain Poissons equation from Gausss law
3. What is displacement current?
4. What is a capacitor?
5. Define Magnetic dipole.
6. What is magnetic dipole moment?
7. Define magnetization.
8. Define magnetic susceptibility.
9. What is the relation between relative permeability and susceptibility?
10. What are the different types of magnetic materials?
11. Define magnetic flux?
12. Define MMF?
13. Define Reluctance and Permeance?
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14. State the boundary conditions at the interface between two perfect dielectrics.
15. Write down the magnetic boundary conditions.
16. Write the point form of Ohms law.
17. Define self inductance.
18. Define Mutual inductance.
PART-B (16 Marks)
1. Derive the boundary conditions of the normal and tangential components of electric field at
the interface of two media with different dielectrics. (16)
2. a. Derive an expression for the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor having two dielectric
media. (8),
b. Obtain the expression for the energy stored in magnetic field (8)
3. Drive an expression for energy stored and energy density in an Electrostatic field (16)
4. a. Derive an expression for the capacitance of two wire transmission line. (8)
b. Derive an expression for capacitance of co-axial cable. (8)
5 Derive the boundary conditions of the normal and tangential components of magnetic field at
the inter face of two media with different dielectrics. (16)
6. a. Derive the expression for co-efficient of coupling. (8)
b. Prove Laplaces and Poissons equations. (8)
UNIT- IV
TIME VARYING ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC FIELDS
Part - A
1. State Faradays law of induction.
2. State lenzs law
3. Give the equation of transformer emf
4. What is motional electric field?
5. What is motional emf?
6. What is the emf produced by moving loop in time varying field?
7. What is time harmonic field?
8. Give time harmonic Maxwells equation in point form. Assume time factor e-iwt.
9. Distinguish between Field theory and Circuit theory
10. Write Maxwells equation in point and integral form for good conductors.
11. What is significance of displacement current density?
12. Define Poynting vector.
13. State Poynting Theorem.
.
PART-B (16 Marks)
1. With necessary explanation, derive the Maxwells equation in differential and integral forms
(16)
2. Write short notes on faradays law of electromagnetic induction.
3. a. What is the physical significance of the poynting vector? (4)
b. State and explain the pointing theorem. (12)
UNIT- V
ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES
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PART - A
1. Define a Wave.
2. Mention the properties of uniform plane wave.
3. Write down the wave equation for E and H in free space.
4. Write down the wave equation for E and H in a conducting medium.
5. Define intrinsic impedance or characteristic impedance.
6. Calculate the characteristic impedance of free space.
7. Define propagation constant.
8. Define skin depth
9. What is lossy dielectric medium?
10. Define Polarization.
11. Define Circular Polarization.
12. Define Elliptical polarization.
13. Define Linear Polarization.
PART-B (16 Marks)
1. A plane wave propagating through a medium with er=8, r=2 has E=0.5 sin (108t-bz) az v/m.
Determine
(i) Beeta
(ii) The loss tangent
(iii) Wave impedance
(iv) Wave velocity
(v) Magnetic field (16)
2. Derive a wave equation for non dissipative medium making use of Maxwell equations and
field vectors E and H. (16)
3. A plane sinusoidal electromagnetic wave traveling in space has Emax=150V/m.
(i)Find the accompanying Hmax
(ii)Propagation is in X direction and H is oriented in Y direction. What is the direction of E.
(iii) Compute the average power transmitted. (16)
4. Define wave. Derive the free space electromagnetic wave equation. (16)
5. Discuss about the plane waves in lossy dielectrics. (16)
6. Discuss about the plane waves in lossless dielectrics. (16)
7. Briefly explain about the wave incident
(i) Normally on perfect conductor
(ii) Obliquely to the surface of perfect conductor. (16)

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Important Points/formulae to be remembered

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