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Chapter 15
Finalizing Design Specifications
True-False Questions
1.
Traditionally, design specifications were paper-based and contained thorough descriptions of the
different software modules that were to complete the new system, along with detailed descriptions of
their functions.
Answer: True
2.
Reference: p. 500
Difficulty: Med
Reference: p. 500
Difficulty: Med
Reference: p. 500
Difficulty: Med
Reference: p. 500
Difficulty: Med
Reference: p. 501
11.
Difficulty: Med
It is possible for a design specifications document to be filled with quality requirements that are poorly
represented by the requirements statements that describe them.
Answer: True
10.
Reference: p. 500
System testing results are one of the major deliverables from the design phase of the systems
development life cycle.
Answer: False
9.
Difficulty: Med
The specification document is one of the major deliverables from the design phase of the systems
development life cycle.
Answer: True
8.
Reference: p. 499
7.
Difficulty: Med
6.
Reference: p. 499
Today, there are clearly defined breaks between analysis and design, and between design and
implementation.
Answer: False
5.
Difficulty: Med
Today, the lines between analysis and design, and between design and implementation, are blurring.
Answer: True
4.
Reference: p. 499
Today, design specifications are delivered to programmers in forms other than paper.
Answer: True
3.
Difficulty: Med
Difficulty: Hard
Reference: p. 501
Referencing the quality requirement statement characteristics, each requirement must be something the
users really need.
81
Answer: True
12.
Reference: p. 502
Difficulty: Med
Reference: p. 502
Difficulty: Med
Reference: p. 502
Difficulty: Med
Reference: p. 502
Difficulty: Med
Reference: p. 502
Difficulty: Easy
Reference: p. 502
23.
Difficulty: Med
22.
Reference: p. 502
When finalizing design specifications, a set of physical design specifications for the entire system is a
key deliverable.
Answer: True
21.
Difficulty: Med
20.
Reference: p. 502
19.
Difficulty: Med
A design specification document describes the overall system description, interface requirements,
system features, and nonfunctional requirements for the new system.
Answer: True
18.
Reference: p. 502
A design specification document contains a section describing the platform costs associated with the
project.
Answer: False
17.
Difficulty: Med
Referencing quality requirement characteristics, a quality requirement is not missing any key
description information.
Answer: True
16.
Reference: p. 501
Referencing quality requirement characteristics, a quality requirement must be traceable to its original
source.
Answer: True
15.
Difficulty: Med
14.
Reference: p. 501
Referencing the quality requirement statement characteristics, each requirement should be assigned a
priority rating, which reflects how important it is to the final product.
Answer: True
13.
Difficulty: Med
Difficulty: Med
Reference: p. 503
Difficulty: Med
Reference: p. 503
Chapter 15
24.
25.
Difficulty: Med
Reference: p. 506
Difficulty: Med
Reference: p. 506
Difficulty: Med
Reference: p. 506
Difficulty: Med
Reference: p. 506
Difficulty: Med
Reference: p. 506
Difficulty: Med
Reference: p. 506
36.
Reference: p. 503
In a structure chart, modules may have multiple entry points and multiple exit points.
Answer: False
35.
Difficulty: Med
34.
Reference: p. 503
33.
Difficulty: Med
32.
Reference: p. 503
Structure charts are used to show the breakdown of a system into programs and the internal structure
of programs written in third- and fourth-generation languages.
Answer: True
31.
Difficulty: Med
30.
Reference: p. 503
The purpose of a structure chart is to show graphically how the parts of a system or program are
related to each other, in terms of passing data and in terms of the basic components of structured
programming.
Answer: True
29.
Difficulty: Med
A structure chart is a hierarchical diagram that shows how an information system is organized.
Answer: True
28.
Reference: p. 503
A structure chart is a graphical representation of a decision situation in which decision situation points
are connected together by arcs and terminate in ovals.
Answer: False
27.
Difficulty: Med
The most common architecture for representing the physical structure of a system is vertical.
Answer: False
26.
82
Difficulty: Med
Reference: p. 506
83
Answer: False
37.
Difficulty: Med
Reference: p. 507
Difficulty: Med
Reference: p. 507
Difficulty: Med
Reference: p. 507
Difficulty: Med
Reference: p. 510
Difficulty: Med
Reference: p. 510
Difficulty: Easy
Reference: p. 518
Referencing eXtreme programming, programmers and end users play the Iteration Planning Game.
Answer: False
49.
Reference: p. 507
In the Planning Game, Development is represented by those actually designing and constructing the
system.
Answer: True
48.
Difficulty: Med
Pseudocode is a method for representing the instructions in a module with language very similar to
computer programming code.
Answer: True
47.
Reference: p. 507
When finalizing design specifications, it is appropriate to represent the processing logic inside each
module with Structured English.
Answer: False
46.
Difficulty: Med
In a structure chart, a predefined module is represented with a vertical bar drawn down each side.
Answer: True
45.
Reference: p. 507
A diamond shape at the bottom of a module means that the modules subordinates are called over and
over again until some terminal condition is encountered.
Answer: False
44.
Difficulty: Med
In a structure chart, a flag represents information the system needs for processing.
Answer: True
43.
Reference: p. 507
In a structure chart, a flag represents one module telling another module what to do.
Answer: False
42.
Difficulty: Med
41.
Reference: p. 506
In a structure chart, parameters take the form of data couples and flags.
Answer: True
40.
Difficulty: Med
39.
Reference: p. 506
38.
Difficulty: Med
Difficulty: Hard
Reference: p. 519
Exploration, commitment, and steering are the three phases of the Iteration Planning Game.
Chapter 15
Answer: True
50.
Difficulty: Hard
84
Reference: p. 519
The RAD approach captures requirements during JAD workshops and formalizes these requirements
in prototype construction using CASE tools.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Med
Reference: p. 520
Which of the following has caused the design and implementation phases to overlap?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Answer: d
52.
evolutionary prototypes
throwaway prototypes
structure charts
all of the above
Answer: d
Reference: p. 500
decision table
statement of work
design specification document
program code
Answer: c
Difficulty: Easy
Reference: p. 500
traceable
consistent
complete
verifiable
Answer: d
55.
Difficulty: Med
Which of the following is one of the major deliverables from the design phase of the systems
development life cycle?
a.
b.
c.
d.
54.
Reference: p. 500
53.
Difficulty: Med
Difficulty: Hard
Reference: p. 501
traceable
correct
necessary
prioritized
85
Answer: a
56.
Reference: p. 501
prioritized
necessary
unambiguous
all of the above
Answer: d
57.
Difficulty: Hard
Difficulty: Med
Reference: p. 501
58.
Answer: a
Reference: p. 502
modifiable
complete
traceable
all of the above
Answer: d
Difficulty: Med
Reference: p. 502
complete
modifiable
verifiable
traceable
Answer: c
61.
Difficulty: Med
60.
Reference: p. 501
59.
Difficulty: Med
Difficulty: Med
Reference: p. 502
Chapter 15
Answer: d
62.
nonfunctional requirements
management issues
interface requirements
system features
Answer: b
Reference: p. 502
a statement of work
a set of logical design specifications for the entire system
logic models for the entire system
a set of physical design specifications for the entire system
Answer: d
Difficulty: Med
Reference: p. 502
The most common architecture for representing the physical structure of a system is:
a.
b.
c.
d.
perpendicular
horizontal
hierarchical
vertical
Answer: c
Difficulty: Med
Reference: p. 503
Showing graphically how the parts of a system or program are related to each other, in terms of
passing data and in terms of the basic components of structured programming, is the purpose of:
a.
b.
c.
d.
decision tables
structure charts
data flow diagrams
entity-relationship diagrams
Answer: b
67.
Difficulty: Med
66.
Reference: p. 502
project scope
feasibility
nonfunctional requirements
management issues
Answer: c
65.
Difficulty: Med
64.
Reference: p. 502
The contents of a design specification document address each of the following areas except:
a.
b.
c.
d.
63.
Difficulty: Med
86
Difficulty: Med
Reference: p. 503
Structure charts show the breakdown of a system into programs and the internal structure of
programs written in third- and fourth-generation languages.
b. The most common architecture for representing the physical structure of a system is hierarchical.
c. The structure of programs written in newer object-oriented or event-driven programming
languages is usually represented by decision tables, decision trees, and state-transition diagrams.
d. It is common for many aspects of design specifications to be represented in graphical form.
87
Answer: c
68.
Difficulty: Hard
state-transition diagram
structure chart
data flow diagram
entity-relationship diagram
Answer: b
69.
Difficulty: Med
Reference: p. 503
Difficulty: Easy
Reference: p. 506
Answer: d
70.
Reference: p. 506
71.
Difficulty: Med
Reference: p. 506
Middle-level modules do not perform processing, serving only as coordinating modules for lowerlevel modules.
b. Modules at the lowest levels do not call any other modules; instead they only perform specific
tasks.
c. In a structure chart, a module is represented as a rectangle containing a descriptive name of its
function.
d. Modules are called in order from left to right.
Answer: a
72.
Reference: p. 506
oval
diamond
rectangle
circle
Answer: c
73.
Difficulty: Hard
Difficulty: Med
Reference: p. 506
Chapter 15
88
b. modules at the lowest levels do not call any other modules; instead they only perform specific
tasks
c. it is appropriate to use conjunctions when naming a module
d. in a structure chart, a module is represented as a rectangle containing a descriptive name of its
function
Answer: c
74.
processes
modules
flags
relationships
Answer: b
Reference: p. 506
module
option
flag
data couple
Answer: a
Difficulty: Med
Reference: p. 506
methods
data couples and flags
data flows
objects
Answer: b
Difficulty: Med
Reference: p. 507
The arrow indicates the direction of movement of the data couple between modules.
Data couples are drawn as circles with arrows coming out of them.
A flag is processed.
A data couple is usually a single data element.
Answer: c
79.
Difficulty: Med
78.
Reference: p. 506
object
method
relationship
entity
Answer: b
77.
Difficulty: Med
76.
Reference: p. 506
75.
Difficulty: Med
Difficulty: Med
Reference: p. 507
89
a.
b.
c.
d.
ellipses
rectangles
ovals
unfilled circles with arrows coming out of them
Answer: d
80.
rectangles
filled-in circles with arrows coming out of them
arrows
straight lines
Answer: b
Reference: p. 507
Answer: a
Difficulty: Med
Reference: p. 507
A diagrammatic representation of the data exchanged between two modules in a structure chart best
defines:
a.
b.
c.
d.
flag
data couple
statement
data flow
Answer: b
Difficulty: Med
Reference: p. 507
flag
data couple
statement
data flow
Answer: a
85.
Difficulty: Med
84.
Reference: p. 507
83.
Difficulty: Easy
Answer: d
82.
Reference: p. 507
81.
Difficulty: Med
Difficulty: Med
Reference: p. 507
In a structure chart, a vertical bar drawn down each side of the module signifies:
a.
Chapter 15
90
b. that the modules subordinates are called over and over again until some terminal condition is
reached
c. that the module is predefined
d. subordinates are called only once
Answer: c
86.
Difficulty: Med
Reference: p. 507
In a structure chart, a diamond shape at the bottom of the module means that:
a. only one of the subordinates attached to the diamond will be called
b. that the modules subordinates are called over and over again until some terminal condition is
reached
c. the module is predefined
d. subordinates are called only once
Answer: a
87.
Answer: d
Reference: p. 507
Answer: a
Difficulty: Med
Reference: p. 507
embedded module
repetition module
selection module
predefined module
Answer: d
90.
Difficulty: Med
89.
Reference: p. 507
88.
Difficulty: Med
Difficulty: Med
Reference: p. 507
there is a condition statement in the modules code that determines which subordinate module to
call
b. the modules subordinates are called over and over again until some terminal condition is reached
c. the function in the subordinate module is important logically to the system, but so few lines of
code are needed to perform the function, the code itself is actually contained in the boss module
d. the modules function is predefined
Answer: c
Difficulty: Med
Reference: p. 507
91
91.
referring module
boss module
supervisory module
method module
Answer: b
92.
UML
sequence diagramming
pseudocode
Structured English
Answer: c
Reference: p. 510
cumulative prototyping
iterative prototyping
throwaway prototyping
evolutionary prototyping
Answer: d
Difficulty: Med
Reference: p. 510
When the prototype is used as a reference and is then discarded after it has been used, this is referred
to as:
a.
b.
c.
d.
cumulative prototyping
iterative prototyping
throwaway prototyping
evolutionary prototyping
Answer: c
95.
Difficulty: Med
When the prototype serves as the basis for the production system itself, this is referred to as:
a.
b.
c.
d.
94.
Reference: p. 508
A method for representing the instructions in a module with language very similar to computer
programming code best describes:
a.
b.
c.
d.
93.
Difficulty: Med
Difficulty: Med
Reference: p. 510
Analysts must choose prototyping languages and tools that are consistent with the development
environment for the production system.
b. When developing an evolutionary prototype, you often begin with those parts of the system that
are most difficult and uncertain.
c. Prototypes often do not reflect database access, database integrity, system security, and
networking.
d. Most prototypes are designed to handle exceptional cases.
Answer: d
96.
Difficulty: Hard
Reference: p. 511
Which of the following was developed by Kent Beck, and is distinguished by its short cycles, its
incremental planning approach, its focus on automated tests written by programmers and customers to
monitor the process of development, and its reliance on an evolutionary approach to development that
lasts throughout the lifetime of the system?
Chapter 15
a.
b.
c.
d.
eXtreme programming
evolutionary prototyping
rapid application development
object-oriented analysis and design
Answer: a
97.
Difficulty: Hard
Reference: p. 518
Referencing eXtreme programming, which of the following is not a Planning Game phase?
a.
b.
c.
d.
exploration
design
commitment
steering
Answer: b
Difficulty: Hard
Reference: p. 518
Referencing eXtreme programming, which of the following is the final phase of the Planning Game?
a.
b.
c.
d.
exploration
design
commitment
steering
Answer: d
100.
Reference: p. 518
Answer: b
99.
Difficulty: Med
Referencing eXtreme programming, which of the following is a stylized approach to development that
seeks to maximize fruitful interaction between those who need a new system and those who built it?
a.
b.
c.
d.
98.
92
Difficulty: Hard
Reference: p. 519
programmers
business managers and analysts
end users, business managers, and analysts
programmers, analysts, and end users
Answer: a
Difficulty: Med
Reference: p. 519
The most common architecture for representing the physical structure of a system is hierarchical.
Difficulty: Med
102.
Reference: p. 503
A structure chart is a hierarchical diagram that shows how an information system is organized.
Difficulty: Med
Reference: p. 503
93
103.
104.
105.
Reference: p. 507
The order in which the modules are called is determined by the placement of the arrows connecting
the modules.
Difficulty: Hard
115.
Reference: p. 507
In a structure chart, a hat means that the function in the subordinate module is important logically to
the system, but so few lines of code are needed to perform the function that the code itself is actually
contained in the superior module.
Difficulty: Hard
114.
Reference: p. 507
A predefined module is represented by drawing a vertical line down each side of the module.
Difficulty: Hard
113.
Reference: p. 507
Repetition is shown in structure charts by a curved line drawn through the arrows connecting the
module to its subordinates.
Difficulty: Hard
112.
Reference: p. 507
111.
Reference: p. 507
110.
Reference: p. 507
A data couple is a diagrammatic representation of the data exchanged between two modules in a
structure chart.
Difficulty: Med
109.
Reference: p. 506
108.
Reference: p. 506
107.
Reference: p. 506
106.
Reference: p. 506
Reference: p. 508
Chapter 15
Difficulty: Med
116.
Reference: p. 519
Referencing the Iteration Planning Game, programmers will accept responsibility for tasks and
balance their workloads during the commitment phase.
Difficulty: Hard
125.
Reference: p. 518
Exploration, commitment, and steering are the three phases of the Iteration Planning Game.
Difficulty: Hard
124.
Reference: p. 518
Exploration, commitment, and steering are the three phases of the Planning Game.
Difficulty: Hard
123.
Reference: p. 518
Referencing eXtreme programming, the Planning Game is a stylized approach to development that
seeks to maximize fruitful interaction between those who need a new system and those who build it.
Difficulty: Med
122.
Reference: p. 518
eXtreme programming is an approach developed by Kent Beck, and is distinguished by its short
cycles, its incremental planning approach, its focus on automated tests written by programmers and
customers to monitor the process of development, and its reliance on an evolutionary approach to
development that lasts throughout the lifetime of the system.
Difficulty: Hard
121.
Reference: p. 510
RAD and eXtreme programming are two approaches that may not produce design specification
documents.
Difficulty: Hard
120.
Reference: p. 510
A throwaway prototype serves as a reference for the construction of the actual system and is discarded
after it has been used.
Difficulty: Med
119.
Reference: p. 510
118.
Reference: p. 508
Pseudocode is a method for representing the instructions in a module with language very similar to
computer programming code.
Difficulty: Med
117.
94
Reference: p. 519
The four RAD life-cycle phases are: planning, design, construction, and cutover.
Difficulty: Med
Reference: p. 520
95
Matching Questions
Match each of the following terms with its corresponding definition.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
126.
structure chart
pseudocode
flag
module
data couple
eXtreme programming
evolutionary prototype
throwaway prototype
A diagrammatic representation of the data exchanged between two modules in a structure chart
Answer:
127.
Reference: p. 510
Reference: p. 506
Reference: p. 518
133.
Reference: p. 507
An approach developed by Kent Beck, and is distinguished by its short cycles, its incremental
planning approach, its focus on automated tests written by programmers and customers to monitor the
process of development, and its reliance on an evolutionary approach to development that lasts
throughout the lifetime of the system
Answer:
132.
131.
Reference: p. 503
A method for representing the instructions in a module with language very similar to computer
programming code
Answer:
130.
129.
Reference: p. 507
128.
Reference: p. 510
A prototype that serves as a reference for the construction of the actual system and is discarded after it
has been used
Answer:
Reference: p. 510
Chapter 15
96
Match each of the following structure chart elements with its corresponding representation.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
data couple
flag
repetitive call of subordinates
conditional call of subordinates
predefined module
embedded module
134.
Answer:
Reference: p. 508
Answer:
Reference: p. 508
Answer:
Reference: p. 508
Answer:
Reference: p. 507
Answer:
Reference: p. 507
Answer:
Reference: p. 508
135.
136.
137.
138.
139.
97
Match each of the following eXtreme programming terms with its corresponding description.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
140.
Business
Development
exploration
commitment
steering
Refers to the phase where Business sorts the Story Cards according to the type of features.
Answer:
141.
Reference: p. 518
Reference: p. 518
Refers to the phase where Business has a chance to see how the development process is progressing
and to work with Development to adjust the plan accordingly.
Answer:
144.
143.
Reference: p. 519
Refers to the phase where Business creates a Story Card for something it wants to do.
Answer:
142.
Reference: p. 519
Refers to the customer, and is represented by someone who knows the processes to be supported by
the system being developed
Answer:
Reference: p. 518
Chapter 15
98
For each of the following characteristics, answer a if it is a quality requirement statement characteristic,
or answer b if it is a quality requirement characteristic.
145.
146.
147.
148.
149.
150.
151.
152.
153.
154.
modifiable
Answer:
Reference: p. 502
Answer:
Reference: p. 501
Answer:
Reference: p. 502
Answer:
Reference: p. 501
Answer:
Reference: p. 501
Answer:
Reference: p. 502
Answer:
Reference: p. 501
Answer:
Reference: p. 501
Answer:
Reference: p. 501
Answer:
Reference: p. 502
feasible
traceable
correct
necessary
complete
prioritized
unambiguous
verifiable
consistent
99
For each of the following descriptions, answer a if it best exemplifies a quality requirement statement
characteristic, or answer b if it best exemplifies a quality requirement characteristic.
155.
156.
Reference: p. 502
Reference: p. 501
159.
158.
Reference: p. 502
157.
Reference: p. 501
Should be possible to determine if each requirement has been successfully implemented in the system
Answer:
Reference: p. 501
Essay Questions
160.
161.
162.
Chapter 15
163.
100
164.
165.
166.
167.
168.
169.